n i,n. n s. Druim nAssail, LL 202a1 . Druim nDían, Met. Dinds. i 40 . g s. dromma, Ml. 51a8 . droma, AU 721 . drommo, Ardm. 17a2 ( Thes. ii 239.1 ); Fél. May 21 . dromo, AU 728 . d s. i ndruimm , Ardm. 17a2 . a p. drummai, Ml. 26c8 . 100b2 . See Thurn. Gramm. 191 , 193 . d p. drummaib, 135d5 . drumbaibh, AU 519 . drommaib, SR 5560 . In Mid.Ir. somet. as n-stem: d s. dromaim, Lec. 42a18 . a p. dromand, Gild. Lor. 171 . drommand, LU 1486 . Later Mid.Ir. n a p. dromanna. druim m., IGT Decl. § 41 , f., § 149 .

I back: gl. dorsum, Ir. Gl. 745 ; Ml. 44a16 , 135d5 (cf. Ps. cxxviii 3 ). tergum, 26c8 , 44a18 ; Gild. Lor. 171 . Back of men or animals: o lorc dromma gl. spina, Ml. 51a8 . bai Dauid 's a druim fri fraig, SR 6053 . ní fil druim neich díb fri araile, FA § 12 . cēt plagbemend dar a drúm, PH 1170 . ro cenglatar a láma iarna druim, 2213 . berait Hectoir . . . isin Troe ┐ a druim reme, LL 238b3 ( TTr. 1599 ). a ndromanna rompu, Todd Nenn. 72.20 . claideb . . . iarna thaeb-druimm, TBC 5389 = iarna formna, TBC² 3276 . claideb iarna cinddruim across his shoulders, 3189 . gur bris a droim dont sháthudh sin, ZCP vi 34.32 . cia . . . frisa laefidis a n-ochta nó frisa saefidis a ndromand (ndromanna, v.l.), CCath. 2684 . techt do leth in droma docum na Cristaidhi to come on the C. from the rear, Fier. 4 . tangadar do leith a ndrumann chuca, FM iii 320 . do dibraig faga a leith da druim do, TTebe 1016 . laeighi an droma lying on the back, 23 P 10, 3a20 (med.). ar druim ech ṅdond, MU² 442 . fráech a droma (of a boar), Fianaig. 66.19 . dromanna (of animals served up at a feast), Met. Dinds. i 26 . Transf. of a river (compared to a pers. carrying a burden): ni beir Luimnech for a d.¤ | marban i n-nōi ba fiú do, FM 661 = Bruchst. i 41 § 96 . ?Fig.: is and romeabaid a d.¤ isin domun intan dorochair Memnon the world's back was broken, i.e. the world collapsed, BB 488a19 ( IT ii2 95.15 , Alex.). Of a building: mur dhruim thempail dá thógbháil, IGT Decl. ex. 750 . d.¤ fri lias a pent-house, shed in Laws Comm.: druim fri lias laegh `a calf-shed ', Laws i 64.22 , 92.10 , 208.21 . im elodh druma fri lias, 220.11 . Of eyelids: a cur ar dhruim na sūl (of a medicament), 23 K 42, 351.5 .

II By extension back, surface (flat or convex): ar dhruim dhomain, Buile S. 82 . ar dhruim an domhain, TSh. 2659 . ar druim na talmhan, Acts xvii 26 . dar druim machuire maghtsleibhi, Grail 2387 . breth ar díabul úas druim den, Ériu iv 136.1 (printed as n.loc. .i. tuas for neamh, L., cf. druimden .i. in firmuiment, O'Mulc. 349 ). ar dhruim na huaighe, TSh. 5734 . gáir peinn di dromaib duillenn the scratch of a pen from leaves (of a book), Aisl. MC 197 , cf. O'Mulc. 815 , ZCP ix 167 . fa dhruim leac under a flag-stone (tombstone), Ó Bruad. ii 130 . d.¤ sgéith convex face of a shield (?), KMMisc. 168 .

III ridge, usually of elevated ground; hill: ar druim Droma Damghaire, Ériu iv 222.12 . trí drommanna hÉrenn, D.¤ Fingín, etc., Triads 51 . um na tri dromandaib as deach bai a nErinn, RC xvi 165 . oc imtecht ind fhid-dromma, LU 3768 ( SC § 34 ). cosna fiddromandaib Partecda, TTebe 696 . i slebtib ┐ dromaib ┐ díthreba, Alex. 392 . tar druim Breatan, Keat. iii 2283 = trans Dorsum Britaniae (a range of hills betw. shires of Perth and Argyle), CS 713 . Common in place-names with follg. gen., see Hog. Onom. Transf. of ridge, crest of a wave: tógbhaid uisgeadha aigianta . . . 'na ndromannaibh diana, TSh. 2073 . Of a sword-blade: claideb . . . cét nathrach n-óir iarna druim, Met. Dinds. iii 122 . Fig. (as allegorical n.pr. m.): Druim Suithe `Ridge of science', RC xvi 277 ( Dinds. § 160 ), cf. druimne.

Hence, in Ogham, techn. term for the ridge or solid angle from which letters were drawn; see Auraic. 947 , 986-90 .

IV In prep. and adv. phrases.

(a) d.¤ ar d.¤ one above (after) another, in succession: secht clāir druim ar druim, Marco P. 145 . fuaras mór corp druimm ar druimm, Anecd. i 36 . dochuaid certga C. tres na tri sciathaib druim ar druim, MR 152.16 . na techta druim ar druim uaidh, CCath. 3320 . secht ccatha dóibh druim ar druim, ZCP viii 224.4 ; Ériu iv 222.17 . ionann chaoinid druim ar dhruim | eoin is ceathra, Arch. Hib. i 84 § 14 . glóir an domhnāin, druim ar dhruim 'constantly' Celtica iv 112 § 6 .

(b) d.¤ tar d.¤ (tar ais) upside down, topsy-turvy: dorochair in drolmach . . . dochuaid druimm dar druimm, Lat. Lives 80 = druim thar ais, Lism. L. 1516 . ro chuir cend dar cend ┐ druimm dar ais miassa na monotóri, PH 4393 . an long d'impodh druim tar ais, ZCP vi 294.20 . claochlodh, gluasacht ┐ neithe druim ar ais things topsy-turvy, Corp. Astron. 112.9 . Backwards: do theilgis mo ráitte-se druim tar ais (= pro- iecisti retrorsum), TSh. 1596 .

(c) ar d.¤ following, in succession (addition) to: co maithfidh [Dia] do chinta duitt do torad na faisidi ar druim na torrsi, Lib. Flav. i 21vb21 . tri gepta ar druim a cheile three gates one behind the other, Fl. Earls 78.31 . do bhí ar dhruim a dhúthchasa `in the succession to his patrimony', Misc. Celt. Soc. 170.6 . a leanmuin ar a ndruim closely pursuing them, Rel. Celt. ii 194.30 . go mbí Dia ar dhruim na druinge do-ní an t-ithiomrádh, TSh. 7278 .

(d) de (do) d.¤ on account of, by means of: do druim do leanna-sa, TBC p. 21 n. 5 . do druim a doirre on account of her wrath, Met. Dinds. iii 56 . do dhruim degretha by dint of hard running, SG 283.29 . ród na haithrighe de dhruim na faoisdine, Eochairsg. 88.24 . do dhruim aontuighthe don olc by consenting, TSh. 7030 . do dhruim coinghill upon certain conditions, FM vi 2176 . Away from, off from: cuirther iad do druim a ttire ┐ a n-uile maithesa they are driven from, iv 1018 ; v 1338 . teilgidh do dhruim a mheanman gach bagar he casts from his mind, TSh. 1943 . le saothrughadh na n-ealadhan go nach cuirfeadh bochtacht d'á ndruim iad, Keat. i 72.6 .

(e) fo-ceird (cuirid), do-beir d.¤ fri abandons, abjures, re- nounces (for lit. sense cf. Ml. 44a19 ): doralsat a ndruim ro Dia, Rawl. 79b20 . cuireas Niall . . . a dhruím riúm, KMMisc. 366.22 . cuir-si druim red' baistedh, Fier. 55 . do chuir druim re dubhailcibh ┐ tugsad ucht ar aithrighe, Eochairsg. 103.17 . gur chuireadar Romhánaigh druim ré teacht had refused to come, Keat. ii 6093 . druim re hIosa . . . tucc ant ōglach, ZCP xii 381.4 . tucsat . . . a ndruim fri daeine (i.e. have died), vi 265 § 19 . nā tabrad a druim fria Ríg, BColm. 100.20 . Similarly d.¤ láime, see lám. With vb. omitted: druim re deman he shunned the devil, Arch. iii 306 § 5 . aged re Dia, druim re mnai, § 8 . druim re díomus, BNnÉ 282.30 . ba druim re saegul leisan ḟein giving up hope of life, CF 631 . eacht go ndeacha druim re béas `contrary to good manners', Ó Bruad. ii 44 . cūis droma ris gach nduine, 3 C 13, 833.9 . a druimm fri sognímaib! thou who turnest thy back on good deeds, PH 8227 . a druim re seisi, IT iii 93 .

Compds.

(a) With adj. ¤derg: díglaib demnib drumdergaib, SR 5656 . secht [m]bliadna déc druimderga years of slaugh- ter (?), Lec. 51a15 . ¤dil: fon talmain d., 3 C 12, 192.16 . ¤lethan broadbacked: ech drúimlethan, FB § 47 . damh druim-leathan, Ériu viii 139.18 . ¤remor (of a pig), Fianaig. 54.19 . Loch Munremuir | dremuin dromremuir daingin, LL 7a6 .

(b) With subst. ¤den, O'Mulc. 349 , see II above. ¤iall a strap passed over the back (top) of something: of a caul, Oss. iii. 126 , 128 . ¤lerg: for druimleirg in talman, TFerbe 86 . ¤lethar ` back-leather ', CCath. 5207 , 5227 . ¤lia: dromlia tombstone , Ó Bruad. ii 114 . ¤lorg keel: fo drumlorgaibh na long, CCath. 2167 . a ndrumluirg in curaig, RC ix 472.2 . Of part of a diadem: ceithri bennc[h]obair uasu. Drumlorga don tinni corintecda eatarru . . . co ndeilb nat[h]rac[h] for in drumluirg sin (a ridge of metal connecting the spikelets of the crown), CCath. 5291 . ¤lorga id.: o drumlorgain co drum[ṡ]lait (of Noah's Ark), SR 2454 . fot a drumlargan, 2464 . ¤rith (mod.) hasty retreat, Ó Bruad. iii 154 . ? ¤scoilt. As n.pr. gen. co trī macaib Dromscailt mic D., TBC² 3030 . ¤scríbinn (mod.) `superscription', envoy (of a poem), Ó Bruad. ii 226 . ¤script id., iii 28 . ¤ṡelg ` back-spleen ': in druimṡeilg (gl. dorsum), Gild. Lor. 172 . ¤ṡlat: co drum[ṡ]lait ridge-beam (of Noah's Ark, cf. MacCarthy 14 ), SR 2454 . Of the cornice of an altar (?): deil telchinni . . . fri torgbáil na drumslaite, 4272 , 4277 , 4283 , cf. LB 120b and Exod. xxx 4 . co tuidmib na drumslaite (of the Tabernacle? But perh. of the altar, cf. Numb. iv 26 ), 4892 = dromṡlati, LB 123a37 . ¤thimchell, of the raised rim of a shield, Aen. 1959 .

(c) With vb., in purely locative sense: doidi arna ndruim- gerradh `arms . . . shortened to the back' (hands slashed on the back?), CF 733 . dóide dromghonta, TSh. 6614 . ón ngairm do dhruimléanuigh na dreama sin crippled , Ó Bruad. iii 22 .