n Perh. same wd. as 2 ág.

(a) Orig. perh. cause, reason, occasion . In Laws used of an offence, and listed with other words having the above meaning: apparently some type of injury: it he ceithri anmand cinath conlat ar diuit: tucait, ag, acais, etgid, O'Mulc. 456 . caide fochonn, caide agh, caide acais, O'Dav. 577 ( H 3.17 col. 444 ) = O'Curry 2260 ( Eg. 88 f. 19(20)b ). is é ag insin asrenar [comraiti] .i. is é cin ann sin, Laws iii 156.6 ; 15 Comm. Perh. also: agh .i. indsaiged, ut est agh trom traigh foghlach, O'Dav. 103 .

Hence (b) in phrases di á.¤, tre á.¤ on account of, because of (cf. dáig): bid di bar n-á.¤-si ronbia-ni corona gloriae , Wb. 25a3 . di á.¤ mná Celtchair on account of Celtchar's wife, LU 11062 . cid ditt ágh (: ndedhendál) `though it was for thy sake', Fianaig. 10 § 5 . di āg Fergusa, ZCP viii 305.19 . trena á.¤ ┐ trena accais, TBC-LL¹ 4582 . biat imda coicthe ili / triat agh for Echaidh Midhi, TE² 26 § 23 ( Ériu xii 158 ). tré ágh a comlaind ar galaib deisi, as result of fighting with them in a duel, TTr.² 1696 . tria ágh an chatha sin `in consequence of the success of this battle', AFM iii 362.5 .

(c) In wider sense oppression, maltreatment: co rogaib ág ┐ accais ┐ aingces in tir uile de, TTr.² 1049 . is agh is acais fulang fergi an fir ud, ZCP x 301.3 . gan ágh gan accais gan urcoid, MR 294.15 . gach forrán, gach ágh ┐ gach acais ┐ gach iomarcaigh do fearadh 'na cheann, ML 100.3 . Hence danger, fatality, slaughter, etc.: imm-gaib á.¤ deuitabis periculum, PH 4865 . adbar naig (cheville) LL 17460 . mairg dá ria othar an áigh `death-wound', Dán Dé xxvi 39 . go madh bás dhuit gach béim, ┐ go madh ágh gach urchur, ML 120.z . is and forurmi á.¤ n-éca , Arch. Hib. ii 74 § 59 . ?Attrib. g s. an tsleg áig, SG 127.22 . mór urchar náigh, Atlantis iv 124.6 . damna áigh, CCath. 4904 ; cf. agh .i. eagla, O'Cl. (ad-ágathar?).

n f. a s. aidid, Trip.² 2658 . aeded, 2301 . aidid, LU 4379 , 8263 ; SR 3407 . g s. ? aitti, ZCP xii 238 § 65 . aideda, Laws i 68.17 Comm. d s. aidhidh (: ailicch), Gael. 50 , 126 ( Blathm. 247 ). n p. aideda, IT iii 16 § 38 . aitte, Metr. Dinds. iii 20.265 . oitte, LL 189b54 . d p. aidedaib, LL 14065 . oighidh f. (g s. and n p. oighidha), IGT Decl. § 149 . oighedh m. (g s. and n p. oighidh), § 11 . Also spelt aiged, oided, oiged and later oide. Perh. vn. of ad-etha, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 514 (but see Marstrander, Lochlann ii 206 ). See also Vendr. Lex.

(a) violent death: lodar in dā tharb tar Bricrind . . . combo marb de: is i aigid Bricrinn sin, TBC-I¹ 3656 . a.¤ Con na Cerda inso la Coinculaind, TBC-LL¹ 954 . a.¤ Muirchertaig na mod / guin is bādud is loscod, Rawl. 163a14 . conid i adhaigh iarla Hamtuir sin, ZCP vi 275.25 . acsin a n-oidid éicin / chloinde crōda Cennēidig, viii 120 § 8 . ba hecsamla a n-aideda, TTebe 3546 . tug aithne ar oighidh Ailella Find, Celt. Rev. iv 108.15 . d'éis a oidheadha, Dán Dé xx 32 . do scelaibh Ceassra et a muintire, et dia noidheadaibh, Leb. Gab.(i) 16.2 . go madh oigheadh gach áladh `mortal', ML 120.31 . cen mna d'écaib de banaidid so that no woman dies in childbirth, LL 2524 . Freq. with bás, écc: airdena báis ┐ éca ┐ aideda, TBC-LL¹ 1237 . bás ┐ a.¤ ┐ airlech, 429 . ag furnaidhe a écca ┐ a oidhedha BNnÉ 265 § 228 . gur bho maisi lais a écc ┐ a oittheadh, AFM v 1612.20 .

Of the slaughter of animals (as oppd. to death by disease): aidhid frisi (sic leg.) nalar, Laws ii 238.13 = ZCP xiv 347 § 8 . cidh be aighaigh . . . beirus iat, ii 170.17 Comm. cid be aduigh . . . rucustur é cinmotha galur bunuid, 314.38 Comm. Of loss or destruction of inanimate(?) things: rofitir . . . comad conuir do aidhe[d] (dia n-aidhedh, do dith v.l.) na haithne `a path to the loss of the deposit', Laws v 160.8 Comm.

In various phrases. fo-gaib (do-gaib) a.¤ dies a violent death: fuair Cormac aidid hi Tig Cletig, LU 4379 . sochaide 'sa hoidid ūair / ō chloidem chrūaid choimeltach, Bruchst. i 19 § 39 ( IT iii 12 § 18 ). in aidhed do fuair sin letsa bid sí sin aidhed do gébasa, SG 73.y . dogebad sib bas ┐ a.¤ lim-sa, CRR § 46 . do brígh in oighid do fúair, IGT Decl. ex. 365 . do-beir a.¤ for: issi in aiged rob ail dosum tucad air, Laws iii 484.14 Comm. gurub í oidhid doradad fair, Marco P. 65 . téit (do-téit) (i n-) a.¤: no regad i n-aidid that he would come to a violent end, Trip.² 2658 . na tiastais aidid ṅgorta, SR 3407 . ni ragha do chomharba . . . aidheadh ngona, Lism. L. 465 . ?regaid éc aitti iarsein di cretair creissin hi Temuir, ZCP xii 238 § 65 (Baile in Scáil). ?fo-ceird a.¤ for: is hé rolá a aidi ar Lupaitt (a aidi om., R.), Trip.² 2782 . As the title of a class of stories : aidheda ┐ airgne, Laws i 46.5 Comm. aitte, oirgne, aidbse cheóil, Metr. Dinds. iii 20.265 . oitte (.i. báis) ┐ fessa ┐ forbassa, LL 189b54 .

(b) With obj. gen. act of killing: co folmastar cach díb aidid a chéle isin tig they came near to killing one another, LU 8263 ( FB 20 ). occa n-oidheadh ┐ occa n-airleach, AFM v 1758.4 . sinn féin d'oighidh ar n-athar, Aithd. D. 59.13 . do-gní a.¤ x kills x: co ro-dergenset a a.¤ , Dinds. 144 (RC xvi 156).

(c) In more general sense (unpleasant) fate, plight: ni hi seo æidid rofælius-[s]a ort . . . t'aithni dot aileamain . . . do mnui meblaig, TTebe 2233 . nir bo demin leo a a.¤ inn fhir sin what had happened to that man, 2964 . is and robāidead Aenias . . . masī a oigead a bādud if he did in fact die by drowning, ZCP xii 376.13 . ni fetar-sa a oidigh o sin amach what happened to him afterwards, Ann. Conn. 1411.28 .

n io, n. Later f. airrdhe f., usu. -ena in pl. airrdheana sighni (ó enchéill), IGT Decl. § 180 . See Vendr. Lex.

(a) sign, token: a.¤ síde, Wb. 24b28 . a.¤ cáinchumricc `a sign of benevolence', 7b4 . a.¤ néelutha máma, 11c11 . dogéna sáibfirtu et sáiba.¤ , 26a20 . a.¤ .i. egcosc, Lec. Gl. 249 . Patraic cen a.¤ nuabair, Thes. ii 321.2 (Hy. ii). is a.¤ sīda pax , Corm. Y 1057 = is airidhe sída in phóc, Thr. Ir. Gl. 36 . noda sénsat . . . ó airdiu croiche Crist, LU 1765 . oc fegadh . . . na [ha]irrdi (nairrdhi MS.) aduathmaire sin, Aen. 72 . airgena bróin, ZCP xiii 204.5 . airrdhe na críne, vi 268.15 . d'airdhibh uilc, TD 7.11 . gach dúil ag aithne th'airdheadh, 21.41 . ni ro taisbeinsiot nach nairrdhe nuireccla idir, AFM vi 2072.2 . d'airghibh th' annsachta, Desid. 81 . ro caithset . . . co fraocha fír-nemnech . . . na h-airdheana co coitcenn re ceili, co nár fagaibsit sgiath gan sgailedh, etc. i.e. exchanged the usual signs of war(?), Celt. Rev. iv 120.12 . it e a n-airdi these are their signs (of the ogham letters), Auraic. 947 . airdheanna Inse Éireann `the Wonders of Eire', Content. vi 164 . nár mhaoidhte do R. . . . cách dá airdheanaibh d'adhradh `follow his standard', TD 20.6 . In prep. phrase i n-a.¤ : gaba(i)s a gruaide i nnairide a anacuil `as a token of (asking) quarter from him', Ériu xvi 38 § 5 . a n-airginaib broide ┐ gabala, ZCP vi 281.23 . Special sign, portent. Of the last day: ticfait a.¤ inganta, SR 8129 . nidat airdi aniussa, 8055 . fri hairrdhibh laoi bratha, AFM i 370.16 . bid hé airdi d'assliṅge, TFerbe 146 . in tan nalád in nellaib / ba hág ar na hairdenaib `constellations', Metr. Dinds. iii 428.34 . do réir fhoistine ┐ airrdhean, AFM v 1448.11 . dia ra-iarfaig C.:— ciata a.¤ iṅgantacha so?, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 10 § 13 . airdhe niongnadh do thochar an bhliadhainsi .i. di gréin d'faicsin for a rith i maille i noen ló, AFM ii 574.13 . na mor airrde inganta dorónta miracles , PH 3712 . Sign, symptom: ba trúag airdena gona don rígmilid. Rogabsat a chossa crithnugud . . ., LL 244a48 ( TTr. 2052 ). airrdena . . . techid, MR 232.17 . ro fiarfaig cinnus ro boi isin lucc sin nō cred rop airgena do in fott boi samlaid, Grail 3825 . bat imda a n-airlig / is léir for a n-airdhibh, ZCP viii 110 § 1 . In phrase airdena éca (báis) signs of death: ó'dchondairc airrdena éca do thuideacht chuice, Ériu iv 158 § 35 . airdena báis ┐ éca ┐ aideda, TBC-LL¹ 1237 . iar dteacht d' airgheanaibh báis i ndáil an ríogh, Keat. ii 5407 .

(b) characteristic, quality: cúic airdena déc degmná: ciall, cóime . . ., ZCP viii 118.18 . inand d' airrgenaib iad sin alike in qualities, ii 350.30 . tré na h-airdheanaibh .i. a chalmacht, etc., Hy Maine 139.8 . doigh ro chlaochlaisiot a n-airrdhe ┐ a n-aigenta `their characteristics and dispositions', AFM vi 2298 . 16 . airrdena na n-athardha d'aithreis `attributes', MR 150.12 . gnáth cédairde gach meic mhir / ag reic édaingne a aignid, O'Gr. Cat. 458.32 . lucht an dhíomuis ┐ na ndroch airghean, Eochairsg. 69.12 . is d'airdheanaibh an reithe it is one of the characteristics of the ram, TSh. 3571 . tucus grad d'airrdenuib Uilliam good qualities, O'Gr. Cat. 338.34 . acca accallamh . . . ┐ occa increachadh do thaisccéladh for a airdhibh `that they might explore his natural endowments', AFM v 1864.5 .

Compd. ¤-gnúsigud signification: ithé sidi nad techtat in na. cechtar de gl. quae neutram habent significationem, Sg. 77a6 .

n ? Orig n. Later m. See Vendr. Lex.

(a) singing, song: bindithir teta mendcrot i llamaibh suadh ica siorsenm guth ┐ a.¤ in dara fir, TBC-LL¹ 5461 (St.). ba binnithir téta mendcrott guth ┐ amor cach duine inna flaith, LL 2342 ( SG ii 485.49 ). rocolatar ind fir ind a.¤ (a n-amhor v.l.) ina nói, ZCP iii 244.8 . bá hálaind . . . in t-énlorg ┐ in t-éna.¤ bói leu, LU 10572 . guth ┐ amhar cach duine, Cóir Anm. 247 . táilginn contaghfat imme / bud binne canfat amhar (: fharrad), SG 148.16 . aupsaib ilib ollmarib .i. imat a.¤ na ésce a hollmurib ilib na héicsi, Anecd. v 23 n.11 . eacmaing F. dia tofund toaidh Gold forsin a.¤ ┐ consephaind Oséne mac F. dia timchar, ZCP viii 105.10 . amhar .i. ceol, O'Cl.

(b) wailing, moaning: nīmthairle éc nā amor / nīmthair mortlaid nā galar, Thes. ii 352.2 . eca a.¤ .i. amran .i. ach ┐ uce ar is e sen a.¤ ec[a], 20 . nimthairrle an galar / fili gusan a.¤ , Laud 615 p. 113 (cited Meyer Contribb.). co roíc cen anad / a a.¤ enech `healed his trouble and his honour' (of a druid healing a king's magic sickness), Metr. Dinds. iv 214.64 . dearmaideadh aoíbh ream amhar, O'R. Poems 2852 . ? Cheville: díthre mo thúath truagamar (truag amar, truagh namar, t. na maradh v.l.), Ériu v 210.59 . Cf. a.¤ ┐ amrath ab admiratione , O'Mulc. 41 .

? Compd.: a hua airimbhrocsalaigh amarmicanaigh aladliacanaigh, IT iii 98 § 160 ; 'of unregulated wailing ' EIS 149 § 40 .

Cf. ? 2 amrath.

n u, m. Later o. amas m. (g s. and n p. amais), IGT Decl. § 53 . Vn. of ad-midethar. See Celtica i 339 .

(a) attempt, effort: ind aimsea gl. adnisús, Ml. 104a1 . ambat nersaigthi a n-aimsi gl. inritís conatibus, 127c25 . amsiu gl. conátus (noxios), 16a2 . int a.¤ admidethar a combach `the effort which he makes to break it' (the Host), Thes. ii 253.14 . dá éignighe do-bheir duine amus ar aithrighe do dhéanamh however hard a person tries to repent, TSh. 2431 .

(b) act of tempting, temptation: ainsium ar lín a.¤ protect me against a number of temptations, Fél. Jan. 30 . ní digen a.¤ forsin Coimdid I shall not tempt the Lord, Trip.² 2326 . tiagam cu tartam a.¤ fair dús in fortachtaigfe a déa, 2618 . ni tharda amus for da choimdid ┐ for da Dia, PH 4717 .

(c) act of attacking; attack: connar étad ní dóib asna amsib sin so that they could not be harmed by those attacks, IT i 74 § 12 (LMU). fógluaisi Fuamnach gaeth n-ammais, Ériu xii 154.19 . tucus-[s]a amais mora ┐ ro elodar as gach amus (of Juno's attempts to harm the Trojans), Aen. 1618 . rotesctha milidh righ isínd amus sin, BB 206b42 . le hamas oidhche, Rel. Celt. ii 301.37 . ocht bfhaolchoin do amus forsan ttréd, BNnÉ 183 § 5 . sgaram re haimsibh Éreann, IGT Decl. ex. 1351 . amus longphuirt attack on a camp, ZCP xiv 249.11 . do tabairt amuis longpuirt ar feraib Erenn, RC xviii 273.3 (Tig.). amus caillea (amass coilledh, v.l.) attack in a wood, Cog. 74.13 . Fig. amus ceneoil do denum de no tuilithe do rad ris to assail his legitimacy, Laws i 192.4 Comm. do beir amus do bachall Ísu fair, Trip. ii 454.9 . dergthair coltur iarsain i tenid et dober in liaig a.¤ de for broind ind fir makes as if to attack the man's chest, LL 329a41 . in duine ba hail leo d'amas . . . don tslisin the person whom they wished to hit with the withe, Laws iii 226.26 Comm. nach neich fora tabrad a.¤ , RC viii 50.4 ( LL 13327 ). ba nār laiss a.¤ amlaid fair that he should be insulted like this, BColm. 74.10 .

(d) guess, conjecture: is hé a a.¤ lemm gl. cum iam fere centum annorum esset, Wb. 2c27 . hua ambus gl. conicio, Ml. 75d8 . huand a.¤ gl. coniectura, 91c6 . amus nó baramhail, Keat. i 46.11 . go dtug gach aon . . . amus fair made a guess at it, 103.25 .

(e) act of hitting the mark: do anfadh én re a amas `the bird would wait to be struck', Studies 1920, 99 § 12 . nach teibeadh aonurchar air gan an t-ubhall d'amus without hitting the apple, Keat. ii 3301 . do lógh eólchoire dhamos from being plunged in grief, Gleanings from Irish manuscripts 19 § 29 . do-bheirid an drong oile amus ar na harmaibh `seized the arms', Keat. iii 2847 . tugsad amus ar a gcorránuibh seized their hooks, PCT 285 . Prob. also in: a ḟorom ┐ a a.¤ ┐ a ammsigi, LL 8291 (TBC).

(f) Metr. assonance , imperfect rhyme: ní fhuil san amus acht fogar ionann do bheith ag na guthaidhibh etc., Éigse vi 345.3 . See p. 344 - 348 and Ir. Syll. Poetry 9 .

In prep. phrase for (ar) a.¤ Orig. expressing purpose, anticipation etc.: ar amus oencat[h]a for the purpose of a single battle, CCath. 5504 . da for nertadh ar a.¤ mait[h]iusa do denamh, 5524 . fuaratar clocha . . . co mbertis leo iat for amus a llias, PH 1035 . atnagar an long ar a hamus the ship is brought to fetch her, ACL iii 309.20 .

Hence against: sluaiged la Toirrdelbach ar amus Tighernain, RC xviii 176.7 (Tig.). credimsi in firDia cedna / dom churp ar amus eca `helper of my body against death's attack', RC xxiii 408.2 . tionóilid go h-armtha ar amus na Lionóidech, Hy Fiach. 336.7 .

Most frequ. in purely local sense to, towards (see St. Ercuil Gloss.): comēirgid Ulaid ara amus, TBC-I¹ 528 . tiagait . . . for a.¤ Ratha Ini, TFerbe 57 . ac tócuriud Conch. ar a.¤ a fhledi, MU² 155 . rogell Tairrdelbach co tibredh aramus na cleirech `deliver him to the clergy' (of a prisoner), RC xviii 162.21 . In hostile sense: tarlaicset a tri coíctu camman ar ammus a chendmullaig in meice, LL 8342 .

n n., later f. See Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 113 and Études Celt. xxv 123-24 . n s. b.¤ nAnand, Corm. Y 104. a mb.¤ , SR 5974. in b.¤ thondgel, LL 18500. g s. Bée, LL 27711. d s. do b.¤ , TFerbe 64 . Mod. g s. na b.¤ , Hackett xi 27 . d s. don bhéith ghlain, O'Rah. 154.5. n pl. béithe, ZCP v 229.26 (Midn. Court). g pl. beith, Ó Bruad. i 62.7 . mbéithe, ZCP v 226.10 (Midn. Court).

Woman: Brigit b.¤ bithmaith `ever excellent woman', Thes. ii 325.15 , glossed: ben ut dicitur b.¤ bind .i. ben find, 29 . bē nē[i]t (.i. badb) .i. bē ben ┐ nēt cath . . . Inde dicitur: `b. nét fort,', Corm. Y 168. Brigit bē n-ēxe . . . B.¤ bē legis, ┐ B. bē goibne (sic leg.) ingena in Dagda goddess, 150 . b.¤ find fors ṅdestatar deirgindlid áir (rhetoric), BDD² 306. be ḟind ḟota ḟoltlebor, IT i 69 § 4. a bē, ZCP viii 102.15 (B. na f., 557.17 ). a mb.¤ n-aill, LL 21147. b.¤ adbul Heriu, 1651 . do b.¤ thastil female messenger, TFerbe 64 . cain-be fial forssaid ḟindnar, SR 3700. co tucas-sa in mb.¤ sáir sláin / Aife, Ériu iv 154.26 . seimigud b immorro .i. a bhen, a bhan, a bhe binn, Auraic. 1275. b.¤ ebraice (bath `daughter'? ed.), mulier latine , O'Mulc. 130. `b.¤' ben, Metr. Gl. 18 § 52. b.¤ .i. bean, O'Cl.

In Laws and glossaries in designations of classes of women. b.¤ carna wanton, harlot : cia ben is mesa do mnáib? Ni hansa. B. chārna, ZCP viii 113.12 . be carna .i. meirdreach, O'Curry 2037 (H. 4.22, 58a). b.¤ charna .i. merdrech, ar dia ndech in ben co cuicir is b.¤ charna. fothad cairn .iiii. clocha, cloch fair is carnn iarum, O'Dav. 213 (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 108 ). b.¤ cétmuinterasa woman with standing of head of a household, chief wife (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 46.28 ): mad be cetmunterasa techta, comaith ┐ comceniuil, Laws ii 380.31 (= Stud. in E. Ir. Law 46 § 22 ). mad be cetmunterasa glossed: mad bean bus cetmuindter uais co dligthech, 382.4 Comm. b.¤ cuitgernsa `woman of condominium' ( Stud. in E. Ir. Law 218.18 ): ma co tir ┐ cetra ┐ intreb, ┐ mad comsair comtechta a cuma lanamnusa, ┐ is don ben sin asberar be cuitcernsa, ii 356.31 (= Stud. in E. Ir. Law 18.36 ). b.¤ n-imrama lit. wandering woman (a class of concubine) ( Stud. in E. Ir. Law, 64.25 , 96 f. ): nocon uil ni do do lamda . . . a be nimruma, uair ar a urail fein bis a chartach . . . ┐ nocon eadh bis . . . a be nimruma, Laws ii 400.15 Comm. be nimrama .i. meirdreach, O'Curry 2037 (H. 4.22, 58a). sechtmud do i n-a dormain ┐ i n-a be n-imruma, Laws v 72.4 Comm. b.¤ n-indlis `non-owned woman', see Ériu xii 74.18 . a atitin a primmna ┐ a fine ata cach ben dib sain aicce cenmotha in be nindlis; ┐ a aititin a fir ata saide, Laws ii 400.26 Comm. b.¤ loirge: direnar b.¤ luirge lándire `a distaff woman', O'Gr. Cat. 145.19 (Nero A vii, 153b9). Cf. dorenar be loirge landire .i. ben conaire in filed, glossing lorg `road', O'Dav. 1155. b.¤ loiste loinetha woman of the kneading-trough and churn-dash: direnar . . . lándire b.¤ loisde luineatha alaile, O'Gr. Cat. 145.19. b.¤ roethine woman cast up by the sea?: be roethine .i. roethine mara dode-cuirethar .i. mairchor- (leg. muirchorthae, ed.), Ir. Recht 8 § 8. b.¤ tacuir foundling woman: b.¤ tacair do-renur cuic setaibh, a tri dibh a mamaib eca (leg. ecalsa, ed.) no (leg. ┐, ed.) ina dó eile ó feinib (finib, v. l.), Ir. Recht 6 , 7 § 7 , see ZCP xix 347. b.¤ táide lit. woman of a secret relation, i.e. in an irregular association with a man (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 99 , 100 ): baidsech cach be taide, no cach ben deirge lann (cf. . . . deiraig a lanamnus, v 456.22), Laws iv 58.26 Comm. merdrech [ut est] baitsech cach b.¤ táidhe (thaidhe, v.l.) `every secret woman', O'Dav. 306. b.¤ togu woman (with power) of choice (variously interpreted in Laws Comm.): be togai .i. togu an (leg. and ? ed.) imm a inchaib a ceile fa isint (leg. asint, ed.) seilb techtus di-rether .i. bancomarba lasmbi fer for bantindchur. be thoga .i. tic di co aos togai, na (leg. .i. or [atá] 'na, ed.) tagai, .i. im co fer theis fa in ngaba chaille . . . who has the choice as to whether she will be paid according to the status of her husband or according to her possessions . . . who is of an age to choose whether she will marry or take the veil, Ir. Recht 8 § 9.

Common in later poetry woman, maiden : rádha róchaoin bheóilín bhinn na b.¤ , Hackett xi 27 . is baoth don fhear do scar le béith bhig óig, xxxiv 1 . míle beith ghléigeal `a thousand fair ladies bright', Ó Bruad. i 62.7 . G., leannán béithe `beloved of women', O'Rah. 148.21. do screadadar béithe, 150.27 .

In nn. pr.: Fróech . . . mac side do B.¤ Find a sídib, TBFr. 2 (as b.¤ was orig. neut. the name Bé Finn > Bé Bind, later also Bé Ḟind). Bebinn ingen (sic leg.) Turgeis, Caithr. CC 27. is ed ainm dobered Midir dí B.¤ Ḟind (i.e. Étaín), TE² 180 § 10. B. Néit wife of Néit (a goddess of war): bē nē[i]t (.i. badb), Corm. Y 168. B.¤ nēid .i. Nēid nomen uiri. B.¤ eius Nemon, a ben, 181 . in b.¤ néit . . . .i. Enio, siur Mairt .i. dei in chatha, TTebe 3247 . co festais ca drem . . . din ro samaigfed in B.¤ níth-gubach Néit a neirt-bhríga, MR 242.1 . Aingene ainm ind fir ┐ Bee n-Aingeni ainm na mna, RC x 224 § 17. Be Chuille ┐ Dianand . . . na dí bantuathig, LL 1352. Bé Tuinde, Dinds. 139 ( RC xvi 147 ). In n. loc. oidhre Leice Bébhionn Lickpevune (Co. Kerry), AFM v 1628.21 .

n iā, f. (cotut, O'Rahilly Ériu xiii 160 ). Also coite, and longer form cotaide and -te in Grail (see below) hardness, stiffness : coitti .i. im cruas, O'Dav. 1004 . cen ch.¤ caccaid `exempt from the toils of war', Metr. Dinds. iv 234.y . is maith a chlann can chaiti (`without question'), RC xxiv 182.1 . do Chrúachain cháid cen ch.¤ (: écraite) `without austerity', Metr. Dinds. iii 348.15 . búaid na fagla / ort tria ch.¤ (: aigci), BColm. 68.7 . c.¤ ┐ baine inn eca `rigor', CCath. 4203 . ar a cruas ┐ ar a caiti, 5832 . ar in seccda ┐ ar an cotaiti `the coldness and the hardness', Grail 1427 . dia semedh asan cotaighi a mbatar (of sinners), 801 . ciall chaide (: -oide) keen intelligence(?), DDána 105.19 . ? Cf. is fata in dál-sa ma cate, LL 307b25 ( SG 387.36 ).

n (1 cét- + éc) ` premonitory symptoms of death ', éc. See Greene, Celtica ii 335-7 . tancatar a chét éca chuci, LB 143a30 . ar mhodh gur thuit annsna céidēagaibh (Christ in the Garden of Olives), Trompa na bhF. 3892 . do-cuaidh in rí isna cetegaib acu, Grail 3378 .

I As adj. biassed, criminal : c.¤ .i. claon unde lethch.¤ .i. lethchlāen, Corm. Y 318 . c.¤ .i. claen, Lec. Gl. 147 . Metr. Gl. , Eg. 29 . ACC 52 . ciol .i. claon, O'Cl. collúdh col. coimpert ciol, Ériu xiii 23.25 . ro geguin suil Cormaic . . . is de ba lethch.¤ C., Rawl. 134b24 ; 'blind in one eye' Celtica xi 171 § 4 .

II As noun [ā, f. ?] bias, fault : da ainm don chlaoine colaigh `ciol' is `cle', Metr. Gl. D 41 . c.¤ .i. cach der(?) n-indomain, Corm. Y 317 . i lethchil a chundartho .i. uair robo lethclaen an cunrad dorinne 'in the lop-sidedness of his bargain i.e. because the bargain he made was lop-sided', Contract Law 140 § 14 ( CIH iv 1195.14 ). leges do chorpaib cen ch.¤ `blameless' (of attributes of Christ), Blathm. 167 (: anmannaib). cen ch.¤ variant of cen chloene, RC xxvi 30 n.4 . mūadh bochtus c.¤ a comarc (.i. maith benus sé a locht a rand), ZCP v 488 § 9 (of metrical fault) (B. na f.). rád nad c.¤ (: gin) (cheville), Fél. 86.y . foch.¤ n-éca (in rhetoric), Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 10.12 . na derntar isin domnach . . . imrim for ech . . . na ní bes c.¤ , LB 203a54 . tar cremla cile (: Mide) `contrary to a false prophecy' (?), AFM i 162.x . Legal: c.¤ .i. claon no cutruma . . . forgill fo c.¤ mana o cinniud cirt `testimony is biased unless it be from just discrimination', O'Dav. 467 . dosli c.¤ cechaing .i. tuillter . . . dilsi in cinaid uair ro ceimniges a c.¤ a mbas, O'Curry 2097 ( H 4.22, 74a ). caire re tomeas gin ciol a judge impartial in judging, ZCP v 485 § 4 (B. na f.). Also expld. in glossaries as bás death : `ciol' bás, Metr. Gl. D 43 . O'Cl. fodhbh fir chiol, Ériu xiii 20.22 . fodhbh ḟir ch.¤ , 31.4 , quoted O'Dav. 401 s.v. cel .i. bas.

Compd. comdar ferba fulachta fora gruaidib iar cilbrethaib `so that blisters were suffered on his cheeks after (having passed) wrong judgements', Celtica vi 227.z = turcbait ferba fora gruadaib iar cílbrethaib, LU 791 ( ACC 52 ).

n (caíned) lamenting together : ac comchaíneadh na deisi, CF² 710 . fir Erenn uili immorro ic comcáined in éca sin, ZCP viii 111.20 . comhdhaith cách dá comhchaoineadh 'all are eager to lament her together', Giolla Brighde 24 § 9​ .

n f. On inflection see GOI § 308 . n s. deug in O. Ir. glosses, Mid. Ir. deog, later deoch; g s. dige; d s. dig; a s. dig, later deoch; du. dig; n p. and a p. deoga, deocha; cf. g p. deochann, Mac Aingil 572 . deoch f., IGT Decl. § 165 . drink, draught, potion: deug mór du óul, Ml. 94c12 . a mbiad ┐ a ndeug, Tur. 71 . milsem cacha corma a cét-deog the first draught is the sweetest of all ale, LL 345d58 = cétdeoch, Tec. Corm. 31.25 . robá i n-ítaid ┐ doratsaid dig dam, RC iv 246 (LU). tucsat deoch d'aiceit dó, PH 130 . ni maith do dig, ní maith do indlut for drinking or for washing, LL 283b27 . ibid ina dig . . . al-lind robói isin chuach in one draught, FB § 59 = ina oendig, § 62 . doberedside affaing ṅdergóir cacha dige noibed dond epscop, LL 278b38 . ní ráinic lind digi liquor to drink, 160a18 . tús dighe the privilege of drinking first, Hy Fiach. 142 . cor ibidur a da ndig asa chuislend, Lec. 549a46 . ibait deoga duirbbi fola, TBC-LL¹ 5846 . as a n-eabur na huasal-deocha, Laws v 408 . do dheochaibh milse, TSh. 562 . ag ibhi deochann ar a cheile drinking to each other, Mac Aingil 572 . deog dermaid a philtre, BB 302a37 . tucsat dig ndermait dó, LU 4030 ( SCC 48 ). Fig. deog a topur éca , LL 184b35 . assib digh mbáis, AFM 899(poem) (i 558) . deoga tonnaid, BDD § 98 (see Stud. Celt. xxxv 299-306 ). deog liubair `book-draught' (a kind of ordeal), Laws v 472 (see Plummer, Ériu ix 115 § 33 ).

adj o, ā. swift, rapid: dian gl. concito, Ml. 41d8 . gl. creber, Sg. 20a7 . gl. uelox, 60b19 . dian .i. oband sudden , Stowe Gl. 80 . déin (n pl. for a pl.) gl. celeres, Ml. 48d11 . is d.¤ dorreractid maám ind soscéli 'tis quickly ye have abandoned, Wb. 18c6 . cid d.¤ ┐ cían nothéisinn though I went fast and far, Ml. 41d9 . In lit. gener. with the added sense of eager, impetuous, forceful or vehement, both in good and bad sense. Of animals and natural objects (gener. implying motion): ech d.¤ , FB § 50 . TBC-LL¹ 1972 . dam d.¤ vehement (?), Acall. 3516 . Cog. 188 . mur buinni ṅdian ṅdílinn, Fianaig. 94.19 . fo dílind déin, LL 4b10 . inna side dian mar daig, Metr. Dinds. iii 158 . sruth tenntide ro-d.¤ , PH 6201 . tinneanas tineadh déine, ML 114 . Cf. also: i carput d.¤ dergthened, SR 7136 . domun d.¤ swift-passing, fleeting (?), ZCP vii 498 . daescarsluag an domain déin, viii 208 . maisi in domuin dian (: fíal), RC vi 178.122 . Of persons: ben d.¤ ` active ', MacCongl. 97.2 . oen-ben d.¤ díbergach, Metr. Dinds. iii 4 . Dauid d.¤ , SR 6413 , 5890 . i tig Dagda déin, Ériu vii 225 . Metr. Dinds. ii 18.18 . Fianaig. 42.7 . druid diana, SR 3419 . co lín a ṅdroṅg nd.¤ ndaigrech (of combatants), 5887 . berid uain . . . in duini ṅd.¤ ṅdásachtach (of David feigning madness), 6236 . Painiel d.¤ (an Archangel), KMMisc. 254 . Of the Deity: a De dúilig déin, Ériu iii 14 . a degmic Dé déin, ZCP vi 263 . Of the Devil: SR 944 . fri demna diana, 8316 . Of actions and abstr. notions: bretha diana `rash judgements', Tec. Corm. § 14 . tacra d.¤ dermatach `a vehement . . . pleading', § 25 . dian medair `a vehement saying', Fél. Prol. 219 . d.¤ a buille, Metr. Dinds. ii 16 . gnim d.¤ , SR 2847 . deabhtha díana, Hugh Roe 294.26 . fo dianaib déraib, Fél. Prol. 24 . golgaire duba d.¤ , SR 8166 . RC xxviii 314 . ag clos linn iona lasair | do ḟreagra dhéin dhóchasaigh, Content. x 21 . frossa diana dér, Ériu ii 55 . is dian in fuillem, Laws v 242.y (swift? the interest mounts up rapidly?). i ló an bhrethemhnuis dén déghenaigh 'at the day of the rigorous and last iudgement' Ériu xv 52 (52b) . With FRI: nárbhat d.¤ re daescar-ṡluagh, Acall. 587 . ? in ben d.¤ fri dúasu `eager for gifts', Metr. Dinds. iii 302 . In following cases meaning seems to be strong, without notion of activity or motion: 'mo les nd.¤ `the strong keep', Metr. Dinds. ii 8 . do mhidh na dabcha déne, Acall. 812 .

Equative: is denithir sin arachrin cumachtae inna pecthach, Ml. 57c12 . Compar. déniu rád swifter than speech, Trip.² 131 . nar ba déni tepersain fhola oltás . . ., PH 3042 . As superl.: a dremm is déniu dolud `quickest in havoc' (whose tax is most severe?), Metr. Dinds. iii 348 . amal as deiniu . . . notinoilfitís naeireada seolbrata a long, CCath. 3736 . Adv. atrachtár co d.¤ , SR 4461 . rochingsiott go d.¤ deinmnettach, AFM vi 2254 . As n.pr. m. (allegorical): Metr. Dinds. iii 4 . Dinds. 18 . gen. ingine Déin meic Dileann, Acall. 697 . ? Sirna mac Dein, Rawl. 135a1 , 117g17 .

Common in compds., often merely as an intensive. ¤aided swift or sudden death (destruction): dianoidhidh, MacCarthy 422 = BB 50b24 . gan dogh gan dianoidheadh, AFM vi 2072 . ? ¤aigligh, Laws iv 86.12 . ¤airlech swift or ruthless slaying , Metr. Dinds. iii 74 . ¤aithesc hasty speech: as n.pr. m., Anecd. ii 51 . ¤aithirge earnest repentance (?), Lism. L. p. 307 . LL 282a14 . ¤apud (legal term) `sudden notice', Triads 235 . ¤bás sudden death: Thes. ii 354 . is bec na dechaid dianbas, SR 1720 . ar díenbhás ar bedg | romain Íosa, Ériu iv 236 . Anecd. ii 15 . deocha dian-bais, CCath. 5836 . ¤breth sudden doom: cipé fongeib dia láim chlí, | ro ordaig rí in betho bí | issí a déin-breth ria dérge; | a glé-meth nó a gair-sécle (of a magical yew), Metr. Dinds. iii 230 . ¤chommilt swift or fierce crushing: dabered d. fair eter a rigthib ┐ a dernannaib, TBC-LL¹ 4622 . ¤chride n.pr. m. Diancraide mic Offir, BB 146c25 . oroit do dianchridiu, Thes. ii 257 . ¤chú n.pr. m. gen. Dianchon, BB 87a47 . Lec. 146c36 . ¤éc sudden death: deocha dian-éca , Acall. 6372 . See Díangal. ¤galar sudden or violent sickness, plague: ronsoerat ar d. (ar in galar ndian .i. ar in mbude connaill), Hy. i 6 . d. d'adhmilledh a n-eachraidh, CCath. 3479 ( Luc. Phars. vi 89 ). d.¤ gl. langor, Gild. Lor. 258 . ¤garta ` ready hospitality ', Metr. Dinds. iii 88 . See Díangus. ¤lám nimble hand: d. oc fodail, Tec. Corm. § 4 . ¤leges swift healing , TFerbe 734 . ¤ṡárugud forcible violation , Laws iv 228.y . is ed is diansarudugad (sic) and, rofitir a beith for comairce ┐ nocha ranaic uadu dligi do taircsin, O'Curry 2034 ( H 4.22 56 -57). ¤uisce swiftly-flowing water: rosdailedh ar d., Metr. Dinds. ii 68 .

With adj.: ¤aicentach of vehement nature: of Caesar, CCath. 348 . ¤angbaid very fierce (?). Of a river: o Drobaís d., LL 8b35 . ¤buillech of swift or fierce blows: fa dígaltach duáibsech d. comrac na desi-sin, Fianaig. 96 . ¤chumthach deeply-grieving: cach duine co dianchumhthach, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 330 . ¤díchra very eager: ro ghabhsat co sanntach diandichra ic a tuargain, CCath. 5754 . ? ¤dil: dendiliu gl. magis industrios atque strenuos, RC xxix 269 . See Díangalach. ¤glicc very prudent: cen rurig ṅdedgair ṅd., MacCarthy 198 . ¤marb utterly dead: dronga dian-marba, TTebe 2857 . ¤menmnach nimble-minded, very spirited: atraigim co dírech dienmenmnach, MacCongl. 119 . ¤scothach of hasty words (?): inghen Déirc Dhianscothaig, Acall. 52 . ¤ṡeng?: cech drui deinseng (aga mbiad na diana seanga .i. ainm aisti), Leb. Gab.(i) 64 (expl. probably wrong, but cf. 4 dían).

With verbs: ¤ascnaid advances rapidly: co ndianascnaitis remhibh, Hugh Roe 214.23 . ro dianasgna . . . gan anadh . . . go ranuicc gusan nG., 276.7 . vn. oc díanascnam in mhuighi speeding across the plain, CCath. 1274 . ¤bádid quickly swamps. vn. ródbhuindi róimer d'uisqi . . . ag díanbhádad an baili, Acall. 3630 . ¤beirid quickly carries: an t-anam sa chlí chuga | mac De muna dhianruga, 23 D 14, 93 . ¤léici releases swiftly: díam-díanléicther ar fi[u]r findchless … 'if I am swiftly loosed upon (lit. before) the man of the fine feats' ZCP xlvii 64 . ¤loscid quickly burns . vn. ni ḟarggaib . . . múr can a díanloscud, CRR § 4 . ¤millid quickly destroys: ro dianmhilleadh a dhuthaigh, AFM v 1720 . ¤scaílid quickly or utterly distributes, scatters, disperses, separates: ro dianscailit biada . . . do chach, Acall. 4609 . in tan díanscáiles ler . . . dar dreich in talman, CCath. 298 . co ro dluig ┐ co ro dianscail a chend ar dó air, TTebe 3162 . ro saebait do ruisc . . . ┐ ro dianscailit do baill, LB 143a29 . As med. term dissolves, diffuses: tig rann don deathach hisin cum na mball imeallach ┐ diansgailidh linn fuar gloinidhi idir feoil ┐ leathar andsin, 23 P 10, 161 rb36 . diansgailter an rand as reimhe dhe a ceo fuar, 161va13 . is righin he ┐ ni diansgailfeadh an fothrugad e, 161ra14 . da contrardha sin do nither lipairia noch tig o l. r. morgaithe idir feoil ┐ leathar ┐ eirghe deathach on morgadh isin noch anmesruighes an craidhi gu nden fiabras ┐ an trath sgaileas in ainmeasurdhacht isin isna bullaib inmedonachaib da faga si l. f. glainidhi sa guili no a n-inadh ele leth asdigh diansgailidh e ┐ on diansgaileadh isin fuaraid na baill inmeadhonacha, 161rb-va . Part. ro badar luireacha dluithi dianscailti desin, CCath. 3155 . Vn. iar n-argain ┐ iar ndianscailedh chell ┐ coicrich, RC xviii 281 . Cf. díscaílid.

v (díles)

(a) makes forfeit: trebuire . . . ┐ elodh . . . dilsighit trian na tuircrece don ceile, Laws ii 264 Comm. in aithgin ro dilsid innarba, 292 Comm. One of the seven loans which need not be restored or compensated for if damaged: oin eich agar for bla .i. oin in eich indsaigter for bla re fis a gnimraid; ┐ in aighi risi rucad issed ro dilsigh it is the race for which it was taken which has rendered it forfeit, v 280 Comm. inead a ndilsigeann aithgin o duine a faill do denam `instance in which compensation is forfeited by a person through his neglect', iv 50 Comm. Of trees: ar dílsigithir barr-bunad a torad cacha cethramthae blíadnae do thír 'for the branches-and-trunk forfeit the fruit every fourth year to the land', Bechbretha 56 § 12​​ . a ndobreth hi foḡ cairde tar crich is ruidles la Fene acht do caí tar crich cid gaiti a mberthar and ar ruidilsigther in cin ni herenar, ZCP xiii 21.15 `denn das Vergehen lässt es voll verfallen', Bürgschaft 8 § 16 . forfeits, renounces: dilsigimm cach maith dia nderna riam, PH 7338 . lets go, gives up, surrenders . With DO gives up, hands over to co ro dilsig na eocho ┐ in n-araid, FB § 40 . dilsigit a munter do P. he, Trip. 454 . co tucsat in mac in a ucht et co rodilsigset dó, LL 126b45 . nosdilsigset mac Dáre | dochum éca , 210b5 , cf. Miscell. Celt. Soc. 72 . hé do dilsig dún, | Dia dil . . . Pardus hath given over Paradise to us, SR 1225 . ri rosdilsig do éc gave them over to death, 5325 . in animm nosdilsig dia hairfitedaib collaidib which gives itself up to carnal delights, PH 4624 . nā rodílsige nech a anmain do pecthaib, 5975 . rodílsig in Coimdiu iat dia naimtib, 4051 . rodhílsigsiot na Goill a ndromanna do thréinḟeraibh an tuaiscirt (= terga dederunt), AFM vi 2130 . in greim tarrtha dít ní dīsleoch, a Dia I will not let go, ACL iii 243 . teirt ar is innte rodilsigead Crist o Phoint Pilait, KMMisc. 144 . ro disligheadh na daoine `were awarded guilty' (surrendered), Duan. F. i 18 . is meinic rodhīsligh fēin cona shlōghaibh na slinnēin dō, Fl. Earls 60 . comarba P. . . . ro dilsighid a ccealla for a comus . . . o maithib Connacht were put under his jurisdiction, AFM ii 1062.15 . Abandons, forsakes: ran-dílsigset a charait, Metr. Dinds. iv 52 (= LL 157b23 ). oc guide Dé nā rodísliged a popul fén, PH 977 . a mo Dé, cid dia romdilsigis?, 3350 ( Matthew xxvii 46 ). romdilsigh rí nimhe, SG 70 . rodilsighset na dei thu, Aen. 3167 . robo righda a mēt na cathrach rodilsigseat na Romanaigh (alluding to the withdrawal of Pompey and the Senate from Rome), CCath. 807 . Idiomatically with vn. as obj. gives free rein to, allows: rodhilsighset na dei adarthi uili dilgind na cathrach, Aen. 574 . roferustur Iacob failte fri Lauan ┐ rodilsig dó sired na saccraige dús in mbiad in lamdia indtib gave him a free hand in searching, LB 114b20 ( YBL 63a25 , 285az 0 ) = conarlaic do . . . | siriud slán na s., SR 3035 .

(b) makes valid: cidh fodera in frithe trachta co fuil ni as d'fir bunaigh? Is e in fath fodera, dliged tabarta dilsighis indara de, ┐ dliged frithe dilsidis araile ┐ mo dilsidis tabairt na frithe, Laws v 324 . is e dliged rosdilsig in gnim, 206 . cid dilsig[e]thar macṡlabra? Airilliud cétamus dilsig[e]thar macṡlabra ngaire, Bürgschaft 7 § 9 n. 1 = ZCP xiii 20.25 . ardaig gur dilsiget a aerad they may consent to his being satirized, O'D. 965 ( H 3.17 673 ).

(c) secures, appropriates: dilsighther for aititin, ZCP xiii 24.3 `zu eigen werde auf Grund von Anerkennung', Bürgschaft 12 § 39 . ? conid mó dilsigit biada in rath don céli claim (?), O'D. 1606 ( H 5.15 12a ). co rochathaightis (sic leg.) . . . fri hAenias cona Troiandaib co rodilsigdis Edail `in order that they might appropriate Italy,' Aen. 1697 = tutari Italiam, Aen. vii 469 . an chríoch da tṡíol ó ṡoin | gur dhísligh a ghníomh gaisgidh that his military exploits secured possession of the land for his posterity, 3 C 13, 771.3 . [focail coimhidhtheacha] do thug an Creideamh asdeach ┐ do dísligheadh dhó (foreign words) which were introduced by the Faith and consecrated to it, Donlevy xxii .

(d) hides, conceals (only in form dísligid): a Mhíchil . . . dislighid (leg. -idh) mo mhíghníomhartha, Ó Bruad. i 24 n. do dhíslig [Críost] é féin fá ghnéithibh an aráin, Eochairsg. 61 . na croicinn fár dísligheadh Iacob . . . gnéithe an aráin fá ndíslighthear corp Críost , 60 . Part. dílsigthe: deitreb dilsigthi o Dia two tribes forsaken by God, ZCP iii 21 .

(* to-air-ber-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 465 ). Later as simple vb. tairbrid, etc. IGT Verbs § 65 . Ipv. 2 s. nacha[t]tairbir, SR 1148 . na tairbhir , BS 34 . 3 s. tairbered, PH 4943 , 5833 . Indic. pres. 1 s. dia nam-thairbiur , SR 844 (syntactically subj.). 2 s. do-m-airbir, YBL 243b10 = RC xxvi 16 . 3 s. do-sn-arbair, SR 89 . do-n-airbir, LL 125b48 = da-airbir, YBL 211b3 . nos-tairbir , ZCP iii 218 . (as denom.) toirbirid, tairbirid, FA § 1 (LU). Impf. 3 pl. tairbirtis, BB 497a8 = IT ii2 103 .

Subj. pres. 3 s. da-n-airbera, Ériu iii 98 . dom-r-airbera, Fél. Ep. 65 . co rothairbere , PH 5976 . ministoirbhera, YBL 140b32 . Fut. 1 s. in nam-tairbēr , ZCP x 45 . toirbheorad, Psalms lxvi 15 . 3 s. danairberai (don-airbera, v.l.), ZCP ix 456 . With b-fut.: 1 s. thairbireob, YBL 157a7 . 2 s. tairberfi, Alex. 91 .

Pret. and perf. 2 s. tairbirt, TBC-I¹ 1213 (or vn.?). 3 s. do rairbert, Trip.² 1009 . conda-r-airbert, TBC-I¹ 1875 . do-arbart, ZCP iii 208 . ? d[i]a torpart, LL 163b34 . rothairbert, BB 417a21 . Later 3 s. tairbiris, Ériu iii 164 = B. Fermoy 143b . toirbiris, Imr. Brain i 65 . rostairbir, SR 1391 . PH 4610 . rathairbir, TBC-LL¹ 3584 . CCath. 5032 . rothoirbir, ZCP vi 25 . dar tairbir , Ériu iv 114 . ó da thairbir , BB 8a36 . do toirbhir , BNnÉ 24 . 3 pl. do tairbertsat , BB 417b20 . do thairbhirsead , Content. vi 102 . rotairbirsetar, MacCongl. 93 . do toirbreadar , Ériu v 88 . do thoirbhriodar , Psalms cix 5 .

Pass. pres. s. amal du-n-erbarar , Ml. 99d1 . nimtharberar, Wb. 9c31 (for subj.?). ? diarberar, LL 118a41 = Ériu vii 6 , where Ed. reads doberar (atnagar, v.l.). pl. do-airbertar (rel.), Wb. 22c10 ; 25c23 . tairbertar, 25c23 . -tairbertar, Mon. Tall. § 10 . Subj. pres. s. du-mm-erberthar, Ml. 49c3 . pl. co tairbertar , Mon. Tall. § 10 . Pret. and perf. s. dorairbered, SR 6362 . dorarbrad, 6922 . rotairberead (as pl.), Alex. 367 . rotairbhirid, CCath. 1762 . pl. duarbartha-som, Ml. 99d1 . rotairberta, BB 432a14 .

Vn. tairbert. Part. tairberthae.

I In lit. sense, bends, bends down, lowers, inclines: amal dunerbarar fidboc hi caimmi, Ml. 99d1 . tairbertar súili fri déicsin maith their eyes are inclined to see good, Wb. 25c23 . rotairberta ruad-rindi . . . fri hathcuma corp red-pointed spears were couched, BB 432a14 . rothairbir a gnuis ri lār, YBL 166a41 . rí dosnarbair iar sessaib | im thalmain co n-ilgessaib who bends (i.e. disposes) (the winds) round the earth, SR 89 . Fig. subdues, abases, subjects: do-airbertar fo réir Dǽ, Wb. 22c10 . nim-tharberar fo chumactu gl. sub nullius redigar potestate, 9c31 . dia namthairbiur fon sósur, SR 844 , cf. 1148 . do thairbir A. Crasmos cenél nemthairberta cósin anall fó chumachta, Alex. 523 . doarbart Mac De . . . cride Guaire fo chi[u]nu, ZCP iii 208 , cf. SG 398 . as sip rotairbir in doman fūm-sa, CCath. 5032 . Alex. 367 . domrairbera m'aite co Críst may my tutor bring (subdue ?) me to Christ, Fél. Ep. 65 . ro[t]tairbirsetar teora mná, uatha ┐ éca ┐ gorta have subdued thee, MacCongl. 93 . tairbirid ┐ trascraid dochum n-iffirnd comtinól n-écrāibdech na mac mallachtan, FA § 1 . Hence Corm. Y 462 : dam a uerbo domo .i. tai[r]berim. As intrans. vb.: rothairbir a fiadnaisi Gearmain bowed down before G., Todd Nenn. 80 . ní thairbireob fon sosur, YBL 157a7 . tairbirtis fria bona na crand, BB 497a8 ( IT ii2 103 ). da (= dia) torpart don áth atúaith when F. descended (?) to the ford, LL 163b34 (see Metr. Dinds. iv 36 ).

II Yields, gives, hands over, surrenders: tairbirid illatu pían n-ecsamail dona maccaib báis, FA § 1 . co ndarairbert Cúchulaind dia araid which C. had handed over to his charioteer (a mantle), TBC-I¹ 1875 . nostairbir assa díb lāmaib (of silver bestowed in charity), ZCP iii 218 . (of hewn trees) ro tarrngid ┐ rotairbhirid for righthibh laech . . . docum in longphuirt dragged and delivered to the camp, CCath. 1762 . ? conúargaib [Pátraic] a láim do chur bachla Íssu fair ┐ nóco rala, acht dorairbert siar don [ḟ]uiniuth fora leth ndeiss knocked it down (?) (of an idol), Trip.² 1009 . tairbiris teora pōg dō, Ériu iii 164 . Imr. Brain i 65 . TBC-LL¹ 3584 (St.). gan scribhna . . . do t[h]oirbhir cāch briathra Dē o Ādhamh go Maoise anuas handed down, Ó Héodhusa 247 . do thoirbhir sé a spiorad gave up the ghost, John xix 30 . dar tairbir [Judas] a t[h]igerna, Ériu iv 114 . With transference of object: rotoirbir do poccaib é, D IV 2, 44 ra 3 . rothoirbir [Sir H.] R. do pōgaibh, ZCP vi 101 . do toirbir do pógaib iat, SG 357 .

III Various: a bhen, nā tairbhir do mac | día na haoine dídine do not bring forth (?), BS 34 . tarbir an t-othar maille [re] na comarthaib co huilide consider (?) (= proderit cuncta signa perpendere), 23 P 10, 14a26 . ó do thairbhirsead a gceart `when they had re-won their rights', Content. vi102 . tréad dár tairbhireadh pian on whom was inflicted, PBocht 27.8 .

n ` hurt, harm, injury, damage ', P. O'C. (s.v. dochann): duit nocha díol an dochann, ib. (quot.). dolluid dochum in ríg cen dochunn is cen dimbuaid, SG 84.21 . tarrastar in dochond detla racha dochom éca ind, LL 358 marg. sup. 5 . is riu darónad in dochaind, Cog. 116.1 .

n.pr. o, m. Donnan, Rawl. 94b26 , 160a42 . D.¤ donn ainm an gilla, SG 67.13 . D.¤ Ega, a bishop and disciple of Colum Cille: E. Donnan, LL 365e36 . D.¤ Eca húarae, Fél. Apr. 17 . Donnan Eaga abb, Mart. Don. Apr. 17 . gen. combustio Donnain Ega hi .xv. Kal. Mai cum .cl. martiribus , AU 616 . argain Donnan Ega, MS. Mat. 591 . i n-uaimh Dhonnáin Eghae, BS 90.13 .

n t,[m.] (dorchae) later treated as if orig. iā, f., cf. pl. dorchatae, dorchata infra. Darkness: tanic temel ┐ d.¤ dar gréin, PH 34 . ro-fhochroithed sliab nGargan ┐ tanic d.¤ tairis, 6324 . ro baí d.¤ mór . . . dar cridib na ngenti, Trip.² 68 . cor-ua d.¤ dluith iter muir ┐ tir, TTebe 1964 . dorcata dheiridh an laoi, AFM iv 1204.23 . dorchata na hoidhche, Hugh Roe 20.13 . dorchato dermair dífhulaing, Fl. Earls 156.13 . ra méit na dorchatad, SG 402.13 . i fhlaithemnus dorchatu in éca , PH 3785 . in popul desid i ndorchataid, Trip.² 22 . i ndorchataid na daíre Asardai, 33 . i ndorchataid pecaid ┐ aneolais, 50 . a ndorchataig hifrind, YBL 149b15 . cen dorchataid, RC iv 256.3 . beir ass in d.¤ , Three Hom. 26.8 . a chur . . . isin d.¤ īchtarach, PH 7759 . douccois a firdorchuto thalmhan inn, Aisl. Tond. 94 § 3 . dolbhaitt . . . dorchata dermair, Leb. Gab.(i) 148.3 . tancatar dorchatae dermarae doib isin glinn, CCath. 4800 . batar na dorc[h]ata dermara sin dar na cathaibh, 5664 . dorchada dluithi, Lec. 528a5 . isna dorchataib immechtrachaib, PH 4669 .

Note also: tri lia do chur i n[d]orchataid in a dark place, Laws v 472.19 Comm. (Of fibre) intan nogabhad sal nó dorcatu he discoloration , Marco P. 26 . ar a duibe in bēlrae ┐ ar a dorchatae obscurity , Corm. Y 755 . ar bithin dorcadad, Auraic. 9 .

n m. (orig., plurale tantum, u, n. Hermathena xcix 52 , cf. Bethu Brigte 57 ) death: ed (he v.l.) roglúais in ingin sair | éc a hathar, Metr. Dinds. iv 216 . ba ferr leiss éc andá bethu IT i 126.12 . eccla ēcca, ACL iii 216 . ingnais éca , Metr. Dinds. iv 284 . airrdena ega, TTebe 4541 . urchóid an éaga, TSh. 748 . galar éaga mortal sickness 5209 . gut ec until thy death TBC-LL¹ 4074 . oc éc when dying PH 231 . Iollann...d'écc, AFM 506 . Oilill...do écc, 526 ; 1265 . iar n-éc a muntire (from an earthquake) PH 550 . iar n-éag dóibh, TSh. 453 . re hucht éagtha dhóibh (as if nom. éagad), TSh. 7795 . m'eg-sa dod gradh, Aen. 796 . ag éag leis an ngrádh, Dánta Gr. 9.3 . is missi conairgeba bás ┐ éc ┐ aided forro, TBC-LL¹ 4271 . sochaidhe do chuir i n-eg, Fen. 144 . tucsat éc meic ríg Muman `they did to death the king of M.'s son' Metr. Dinds. iv 220 . éag san bpeacadh, TSh. 1366 . Esp. a natural death, opp. to aided violent death :cf. oididh Muircertaigh na modh | guin is batud is loscud,—eg adbathadar i bhus | a meic Domnall is Forgus, BB 48b27 (= MacCarthy 398 ). Domnall mac Aeda...xxx. bl. ┐ d'eg adbath, 49a9 (= MacCarthy 400 ). gidh éag tháir mé gidh marbhadh, Dán Dé xxiv 21 . gan neach don dá dhuine dhéag | ma seach uile d'éag acht Eoin... doróine éag do dheoin Dé died according to God's will (of the Apostle John) xxvi 51 - 52 . gan eg do banoigid without death in childbed Lec. 126b4 . Cf. Creamthand. xx. bl.... munbadh eg a oidhig sin | doiligh fa ced a cloisten, BB 61a35 . éc fri hadart a natural death, a peaceful passing: angid [Altus Prosator] ar cech mbas acht éc fri adart, Lib. Hymn. i 65 . Freq. in pl.: lúathécai .i. anaichnide, Thes. ii 352.26 . ? da-n-arsitis ec, Bethu Brigte 408 . g p. conda-rucus dochom n-ec IT i 222 . fir...co ndath éc, Trip. 116 with gl: .i. dath báis 676 (cf. duibidir éc, Corm. Y p. 91 , cited below). tancatar a chét-éca chuci premonitory symptoms of death LB 143a30 . d p. ba moo Aodh Oiligh egaibh greater than (other) deaths (i.e. A.'s death was more grievous) AFM 876 . becc ná bu mó écaib it was almost greater (i.e. more grievous) than (all other) Fél. Nov. 10 . pian na hanma thall iar n-écaib, PH 7565 . Used of an individual death: iar n-écaib Saul, Ml. 42a6 . SR 7077 . 7675 . AFM 493 . iar n-ecaib nOengusa, Anecd. iii 60.14 . rée mór ria necaib before his death Mon. Tall. § 34 . in tan ro ngab céill for écaib when he thought he was going to die LU 130a3 = IT i 122.23 . As quasi-vn.: ba saeth mor la Dectiri a dalta do ecib, IT i 138.28 . BB 421b5 . D. do ecaib i nArd Macha, AU 988 . cen mná d'écaib de banaidid, Dinds. 161 = LL 20b . nir ba maisi leo nech do ecaib fri hadart acaib, D IV 2, 73 [63]vb 24 .

teit éc (do éc, do écaib) dies, perishes: dochoid N. éc de thám, LL 127a16 . Metr. Dinds. iv 266.15 . co ndechaidh eg, MacCarthy 420.12 . Acall. 3333 . MacCongl. 27.7 . in tan rachar d' ég, Ériu iv 17 . nā tiagam d'éccaib gortæ ZCP viii 313.3 . co ndechaid do écaib, Acall. 577n. teicht do écaib, Thes. ii 296 . daul do ecaib, Mon. Tall. § 51 . ag dul d' éag don ghrádh, Dánta Gr. 9.9 . a bhruit dhatha, a ḟailghe óir,...do-chuaidh uile d'eug, KMMisc. 362 . fo-gaib éc id.: truag nach ann fuarus éc, Acall. 3374 . Cf. diamadh a n-oirer an domuin mhoir doneatha-sa ecc if...thou hadst met thy death ZCP x 297.19 .

Fig.: slúag Banba fo bét mon mbress | diarb adba éc is úarchess, Metr. Dinds. iii 370.54 . éc rosfuc death took them iv 320.20 . coron-ergab éc opund, LL 184b31 . duibidir éc ...rind a fiaclae, Corm. Y p. 91.18 (cf. fir co ndath ēc, Trip. 116 , cited above). ni huaim téit éc dian deimin | acht triall for sét dom ṡaigid, ACL iii 216 § 9 . mithigh oirchill an éaga | duine dhínn ní dheirméada, Dán Dé v 7 . dáil n-éco, Fianaig. 10 § 3 (see note p. 18). do-chúaid dáil éca ḟuair, Metr. Dinds. iv 2.22 . deog a topur éca it-ib | i cath Oetna ..., LL 184b35 . ro tuit C. risin tulaig co tancadar deocha dian-éca da indsaigid (i.e. he became weak), Acall. 6601 n. Cf. éca amar apparently = amar éca dirge (?) gl. on Hy vi 12 , Thes. ii 352 (see amar, Contribb.). COMPDS.: ¤baíth: uas rind ind échta éc-baith the deadly foolish deed Metr. Dinds. iii 104.14 . ¤bethu: a purt bhfind na hēg-bethad of the life after death (?) ACL iii 235 . ¤dál: ó doluid issin éc-dáil the tryst with death Metr. Dinds. iii 214.50 . ¤dube: delfid ecdubi, TFerbe 194 . ¤náma deadly enemy (?): bidbaig no ecnámait, BDD 47 § 57 (Eg.) . ¤plāig `destructive plague ' Laws i 20.17 Comm.

ind ainsium Crist...ar cech néclind bas eslind | dom chorp `may Christ protect me against every peril (?)' Thes. ii 352 ( Hy vi 15 ), with gl.: .i. ar cach lind éca no ar cach ní na ba glind (v.l. glinne). is geis dúib in far nUltaib techt dar éclind in far carptaib, TBC-LL¹ 1190 = is bés duib-si far nUltaib ní réidid tar églindne, LU 61 b44 ( = TBC-I¹ 608 ; tar inglindi inanfollain, St.; tar innglinde YBL). atá Conchobar a n-eiglinn (v.l. éigin), IT ii2 141.483 . Cf. follg.

n ā, f.; later also o, m. égean fem. IGT, Decl. § 54 . éigean masc. § 53 . TSh.

(1) In the earliest recorded exx. the meaning is usually necessity, compulsion; cf. ēcin .i. cin ēca. no ēc cána. i. ēc riagla `ecin' i.e. `crime of death' or it is `death of law,' that is `death of rule' Corm. Y 547 : hi cumcai no innecin (gl. in angaria) Tur. 134 . ni écen dob imchomartt ach[t] is dúdract lib, Wb. 3b21 . conabad éicen doberad ní domsa huaitsu act combad tol (gl. ne velut ex necessitate bonum tuum esset, sed voluntarium) 32a12 . soit a n-écin i toltanche convert their necessity into freewill FA 23 . ma egin fo ruair gan a denumh, Laws ii 292.23 Comm. ni heiccen beires ó thoigh | acht do thuillemh tuarastoil ZCP viii 116 § 10 . dena idpairt dona deeib...┐ logfaid do Dia fen duit, uair nosfitir conid écen doberar fort, PH 729 . do ghuidh é fa lamh leis chum síobhail rómhóir do bhí 'na éigean air do dhéanamh a very long journey which he had to make ZCP ii 558.23 . Freq. in the sense of adj compulsory, needful, necessary ; ( éigean .i. dligheadh, O'Cl. refers to Metr. Dinds. ii 2.18 , see Hermathena xiv 468 ). egin .i. dhigthech, ut est is egin mór do thuirimh isin trefocul focra, O'Dav. 806 .

(a) abs.: is hécen ainmne occo patience is needful in it Wb. 4a26 . is hecen sainecoscc leosom for accrannaib innaní prechite pacem they deem it necessary to have a special appearance... 5a5 . ní ecen a thodiusgud asreracht cene, 4d27 ; 26 . 16d7 . Ml. 127d8 . na bad écen for cúrsagad in fechtsa it should not be needful to reprove you Wb. 14d1 . arnap éicen a ngóire i n-æclis, 29a10 . mat anmann adiechta emnatar and is écen comacomol hisuidib, Sg. 189b4 . nípa hécen tene bratha dia nglanad, Mon. Tall. § 6 . § 37 . ni heigen ime riu, Laws iv 162 n. 1 . Asia... tír innach éicen fúr fled, LL 135a45 . ba hecen fer cechtar a da slabradside either of those chains required a man (to hold it) Rawl. 131b26 . as écen do thabairt foraib (gl. indignatio severitatis motus est peccatoribus necessarius) Ml. 49b6 . h[u]are as n-ecen condib oinson tintá in son n-ebraide cosnaib ilchiallaib techtas, Ml. 37a10 . atait tri neithe is ecean cum na coimriachtana, Ériu ix 63.28 . is ecen co n-icthar cech ní, PH 7538 . mac bec doringni in gním sain...nocorb éicen...ingantus de, cia nothísed..., TBC-LL¹ 949 . Cog. 62.24 . ota imad na n-inad anna n-eirginn si...as egin co fuil an talam comcruinn it must be that the earth is round Ir. Astr. Tr. 32 w . ní fhuil ainm oile...ionarb éigean sinne do shlánughadh `non est aliud nomen...in quo oportet nos salvos fieri' TSh. 2088 .

In this use often written éicin (éigin), but the form intended is usually doubtful; the follg. metrical exx. may be noted: in cédḟer ór slondadh sind | ollamh darb écean uirrim, IGT, Decl. ex. 658 . budh éigin trá a thocht asteagh | lá éigin ar ghort nGaoidheal, TD 1.9 . bas dar éigin umhla, 33.15 (but see varr.). an chríoch ḟionnsa ón héigin troigh | a ciomhsa d'ḟéigin d'ardaibh, 41.18 . In mainbad éicin (gl. subjecta est non volens) Wb. 4a20 , the word is acc. after mainbad, cf. Ml. 111b28 , etc.

(b) with dat. pron. or do of pers.: issum ecen precept I must needs preach Wb. 10d24 . níb écen log ye need not pay ( Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 143 ) 16c17 . 22d12 . isim écensa techt I have to go TBC-I¹ 221 (LU). ZCP x 293.14 . Ériu v 209.40 . atabairecen techt ye must go FB 7 . is ecen dam (gl. compellor) Ml. 21b9 . is hecen doib ingremmen do foditiu, Wb. 30c23 . in tan na fádbait a mbiad díles, is écen dia n-anmannaib bás d'fhaghbail, PH 7476 . dó ba hecen (: tēitgel) biathad Echach, LL 183b26 = Arch. Hib. ii 70 . comba hecin di usce...da tharraing, RC xxiv 190.7 . in bocht dana hégen dul fó breith, PH 7520 . ba heiccen doip gan a snámh do dhermat, Fl. Earls 76.12 . is éigean dó cúntas...do thabhairt, TSh. 793 . Attrib. gen.: áine écni, in tan na fagaib nech ni romelad, PH 8366 .

In concrete sense: treb Leui...batir-side soer ó cech écin acht frestal eclaisi Dé exempt from all obligations LB 124a31 .

(2) In a slightly different shade of meaning, force (i.e. exercised by persons upon others); violence; tyranny: écen (gl. violentia) Sg. 51a1 . cisi ecin det-birt as in tir? nim tucc acht ...m'anuabhar fesin, RC xii 72 x . tre ēicin sāruighthe, Laws ii 376.6 Comm. uli eccen ┐ écomland in popuil Rómanaig for in popul Iudaide , LB 154a24 . Freq. in attrib. gen.: forcomul n-ecne `violent seizure' (occupation by force) Laws ii 376.1 . iv 270 z . lanamnas eicne (.i. donither ar eicin), ii 404.14 . connmedh égne forcible billeting RC xviii 194.24 . ni da deoin dochuaid-sium and, acht tre aslach eicni, TTebe 1501 . masa targud eicne tucastur orru do denam in marbtha...ma targud aisi if he led them out by force...if with their consent Laws iii 114.19 C. sí le héigean go n-aghar | ní héidear í d'átaghadh, TD 17.3 . dá mbhentá a chuid tré éigion do dhuine shouldst thou take his goods forcibly Mac Aingil 266 . éigean `violentia' TSh. 7783 . lucht éigne `violenti' 10812 .

In concrete sense, an act of violence, an outrage: is mō .. in écen iná 'n goit, PH 7559 . o fhir na hécni the perpetrator of the outrage 7561 . fer éicne, 7600 . ag agra goidi...ocus saraighthi ocus egni, Laws v 42.19 Comm. cia dobeir inn eicin ┐ inn imluadsa orumsa ?, TTebe 372 . ba hiat eicne doghnítis an loingius-sin...port gacha luingi do loscud ┐ crechad gacha tuaithi..., Lism. L. 2945 . co nderna éccne iomdha i ttuathaib ┐ chellaibh `acts of violence' AFM ii 1150.17 . Cf. éicni fastuda, TBC-LL¹ 5837 . menimthistais écne éc, Ériu v 210.2 . a gcumus...ar éigean ┐ ar mharbhadh daoine, TSh. 1723 . ar an éigin do-rinne Críost ag buain anma an duine dhe, 10515 . cia do lemadh an eigean sin ar a athair CF 310 .

Of a disaster, calamity: roshocht Adraist ar an ecein sin (i.e. the earth swallowing Amphiaraus) TTebe 2972 na heicnea-sea do lecun ar na Tiabandaib, 1616 .

Violation, rape: ecen mire `violating a madwoman' Laws i 176.2 . cu n-aithreosad a heicin muna dernad a toil, ZCP xiii 183.11 . ar bithin eiccni tuc Tir ar a derbshiair .i. Pilomena, TTebe 1862 . adubairt eiccen do thobairt fuirri, 1690 . dá ttugthá éigion mná, Mac Aingil 266 . Here probably belongs: ro órdaig Brigit banfili ...gol ┐ caine marb ┐ eigem fri hecin screaming when violence is offered Dinds. 159 = LL 170bz .

Cf. rucad laeg mo bo a purt éicne uaimse from a place whence it could only be taken by force (?) LL 171a35 = CRR § 3 .

(3) In phr. ar éicin (éicen) by or under compulsion or force: ar écin (gl. coactum) Ml. 18b7 . (gl. invitus) 42a15 . ar ecein, 68b3 . ar ecin nos bered (Simon, qui crucem in angaria portabat) Tur. 134 . ciatasode lat ar écin though thou keep her with thee perforce Wb. 10a10 . fochidi ar écin ...fochidi o thuil compulsory tribulations...voluntary tribulations 15d33 . ceni thaisid ar ois daregaid ar ecin, Ml. 33b15 . mina this ar ais rega ar eigin, YBL 121b11 . LB 228a46 . tabuir ass hi ar áis no ar écin, IT i 130.4 . ar éiccin no ar áis, Ériu iv 228.5 . co tuc Ogeth huad tria chath | ar écin iarna marbad, SR 5292 . IT i 130.21 . berid ar écin Murni for aithed leis, LU 42a12 . RC xxiv 186.16 . at-ib loim ar eicin and, Laws iii 82.8 . dream timairciter ar ecin do denam thole Dé, FA 23 . a furail air ar eicin dul ina coimlepaid, YBL 63b23 . ciall ar éigin d'fhoráil ort, Dán Dé xix 11 . gur gabsat ar eiccin i nDuibhlinn `forcibly landed' Cog. 34.19 . co ndigsitis...ar eicin co port na Troianna, BB 428a25 . ra airgg Hercoil .. in Troí ┐ ra chúaid ḟurri ar ecin, LL 224b39 . 226b8 (= TTr. 556.686 ). co ndeachaidh Cesair ar eiccin for an caistiall, CCath. 6053 . in daim téit ar eigin a tig in airech, Laws v 164.22 Comm. elaid in gilla asa laim ar eicin, YBL 63b30 ( SR 3213 ). Maelir...do dul ar éccin ar Luimneach, AFM iii 146.12 . a marbhadh dhoibh ┐ é ag triall ar eccin uatha `trying to make his escape' 340.14 . The sl. ending is usual in this phr. in early exx., but exx. of the masc. dat. are also common in Mid. Ir. and Early Mod. verse: fala Dhé ar tí mo thréagaidh | gur mhéaduigh mé í ar éigin, Dán Dé vii 11 . MR 54.16 . do bhiadh oirrim Bhanbha Breagh | ag coinnill Annla ar éigean of necessity TD 7.50 . ní ḟuil do cheart ar chrích bhF. ... acht sí d'ḟagháil ar éigean (: gheabh), 17.4 ; 25 , etc. ag dénamh imechta ar eigen d'ionnsaigh an doruis, Rel. Celt. ii 190.3 . ratréta ┐ imghecht ar eigen acasan ga ghenamh `a forced retreat' 198.8 ; 10 . Later also a-réigin: na gnais ach ger decair dul | teit a reicin rig ulad, Lec. 185rb17 ​. ón ngurt a-réigin 'sní ad rioth | o luchd éididh ┐ each, 24 P 8, 212 . Dánta Gr. 39.40 .

adv Hence: with difficulty, hardly: da roib an eslainte so arrsaidh is a reigin foirther hi, YBL 343b4 . as ar eiccin terna an tIarla fein iarna ghuin, AFM vi 2076.13 .

d' é.¤ by force, compulsion: d'éigin nó d'áis, Dán Dé ix 6 (where éigean would improve the metre). d'áis no d'éigion, Each. Iol. 56.2 .

(4) Difficulty, need, trouble, strait; in relation to war: ras nert ┐ ra greiss in rí...im ḟulang cach éicni ┐ cach imnid, LL 219b24 = TTr. 185 . díscart dín in n-ecin fil fornd, LU 63b9 ( TBC-I¹ 742 ). TBC-I¹ 323 . in trén...ro dingbad cach éicen dind, Acall. 6976 . airc na écen, TBC-LL¹ 2896 . don tí d'ḟoirfed sib assin n-éicin sin (of voyagers adrift in a storm), Acall. 3779 . TTebe 2007 . isin moréicin moir sin, Acall. 3775 . i n-écnib ┐ i n-urgalaib, LL 230a10 . Esp. of stress of battle: bai obair cach oen dib a fis a tuiruchta fen ar met a ecni so hard was he pressed Cog. 186.2 . [i] n-eigin irgaili, TTebe 4483 . in ecen engnoma i roibi, 3438 . a n-éigean ḟeadhma, IGT, Decl. ex. 1358 . fa deācair leó Goll do bheith san éigean sin, ML 136.22 . AFM iii 576.9 . do bhí éigean mór ar E. mun amsoin, eadhon sluagh Chuinn go huile, agas urmhór mhaithe Mumhan uile...iona aghaidh agas dobhí éigion budh mó iona sin air, eadhon Goll...dhá thuargainn, ML 30.7 ; 10 . a n-eigen ag Sagsanachuibh sorely pressed by the English Rel. Celt. ii 202.6 . Of a state of strenuous endeavour: bhíos i n-éigean ag gleic = qui in agone contendit TSh. 10610 . Cf. do ṡloig, gídh ar lór d'éigeann | Iaoich idir éide agas airm, Oss. vi 118.23 . Grievous plight; hardship: in ecen ele boi ann, .i. in tan no roinntea in biad...nos bered in tii ba tresi dib a chuit on anbhánd, LB 155b32 . do innseadar a n-éigean agas á n-anbhḟorlann dhó the distress and oppression they were suffering from ML 82.11 . críoch Mhidhe uile a móir-éigean, ina lasrachaibh leathna 84.12 . ar aoi a héiginsi d' fhurtacht `for helping her necessity' Studies 1921, 75 . Dán Dé xxi 4 . 'gan tí 'ga dtám i n-éigin, Dán Dé xxi 3 . ri heicin na hitad sin the urgency of that thirst TTebe 1776 . ón éigean tarta ina rabhadar, Keat. ii 4983 . ag faisnéis an éigin 'na mbí (the soul in purgatory), TSh. 4263 . Sorrow, grief: ba mór a uchbad ┐ a eigen (v.l. an egaine) lais an scelsin do chloistecht, TTebe 4558 .

Fig. stress; overpowering exuberance: gach coll úr re heigin innte | léigidh a ghlún fillti fáoi kneels under stress (of its burden of fruit) KMMisc. 172 § 26 . go raibhe an oiread soin d'éigean féile...i nGaedhealaibh nár lór leo nídh do thabhairt do gach aon dá dtiocfadh...gan cuireadh coitcheann do thabhairt..., Keat. i 4 x .

Need, necessitousness; esp. famine, scarcity: i n-aimsir na hécne in a time of scarcity PH 7553 . cara na héigne the friend in need Dán Dé xiv 6 . xxi 1 . TSh. 9829 . do bhádar mórán díobh a n-éigion (through famine) ML 8.11 . díoth orm is éigin orra, TD 44.4 . With gen. of thing needed: i n-éigean a furtachta wanting help TSh. 4835 . Cf. dál éicne a distressing business: scarad friu bid dál éicne, Ériu v 210.1 .

Cf. éicin.

COMPDS. éicen-broit oppressing bondage, hence heavy sorrow: lān d'imnedh is d'éigeanbhruid [sic leg.], Niall Mac Mhuireadhaigh, Rel. Celt. ii 266.6 .

¤chless violent feats (?): Caille Con Ruí... | fris' fertais óic écen-chless, Metr. Dinds. iii 308.66 .

¤dál a stiff encounter; a distressing position, dangerous strait: airc na écen na écendál, TBC-LL¹ 2896 . cf. 3030 . egindail ainfine `stress of weather' Aen. 1571 ( Aen. vii 199 ). tugadh éccendáil forra, AFM ii 1042 x . comhaonta do chengal doibh im freccra a cheile im gach n-eiccendáil do bhenfad friú, iv 1214.5 . Ua C....d'foirithin as an airc ┐ as an eiccendail i mbaoi ag Ua D., vi 2122.17 . tánaicc an President go marcsluagh ┐ go saighdiuiribh, uair roba cuimhneach lais an eiccendail i mbaoi la Dál cC. an bliadhain roimhe, v 1654.18 . Tadhg mac Eidighain ḟailidh | go hegeandail nir ḟennigh never showed himself a champion save when he met a dangerous encounter ZCP viii 226 § 17 . ba bes do Romanu fāithi...do tocairiud ina ndocum in gach am no tomaithead egendail forru, CCath. 925 . go ndligheann duine éigean-dáil ┐ anfhorlann a chomharsan d'fhóirithin, TSh. 1838 . cechip tan nó tomaithedh égendail ghabhaidh fair, Hugh Roe, 212.5 (f. 56b) . san éigean-dáil ghábhaidh se, TSh. 2083 .

¤gal strenuous valor: TBC-LL¹ 1666 .