fo-gní
Cite this: eDIL s.v. fo-gní or dil.ie/22781Last Revised:
2019
Forms:
fognad, fognid, fognat, fongni, -fognai, fongniat, -fognat, fogníth, fogníd, -fognad, -fogna, fognem, fogneith, -fognad, fungensa, fogéna, foruigéni, foruigenai, forrogéna, -forgeni, -forgein, -forgeni, -forgénsam, foruigensid, foruigensat, fosrugensat, fosrugensatar, foruigénair, -forgenair, fogníther, gníter, fognífe, fom-gnifet, fognifet, fog(a)n-, ognaid, foghnuidh, -ḟognand, foighéanaidh, ḟógnais, ḟogain, ḟogainset, ḟoghainset, fegfognad, fognaigther, fognaighter
v O. Ir. forms: ipv. 3 s.
fognad,
Wb. 20b11
. 2 pl.
fognid,
3b28
. 3 pl.
fognat,
AM 14.105
. ind. pres. 3 s.
amal fongni
,
12a12
. -fognai,
Laws i 228.16
. 3 pl.
fongniat,
Ml. 112b4
.
-fognat,
Sg. 203a17
.
imperf. 3 s.
fogníth,
LU 6433
.
fogníd,
Mon. Tall. § 12
.
-fognad,
Hy ii 6
. subj. pres. 3 s.
-fogna,
Wb. 12a12
. 1 pl.
fognem,
Wb. 5d19
. 2 pl.
fogneith,
20a11
. past 3 s.
-fognad,
Trip. 16.26 (207)
. fut. 1 s.
lasse fungensa
,
Ml. 78d2
. 3 s.
fogéna,
Sg. 198a19
. perf. 3 s.
foruigéni,
Wb. 13b7
.
foruigenai,
Trip. 16.20
(
-génai,
Trip.² 202
. Cf.
forrogéna .i. do fhoghain,
O'Cl.).
-forgeni,
Ml. 44c9
. -forgein (leg. -forgeni),
Mon. Tall.
§ 80
. 1 pl.
-forgénsam,
Wb. 3c15
. 2 pl.
foruigensid,
3b28
.
3 pl.
foruigensat,
1b22
.
fosrugensat,
SR 3690
.
fosrugensatar,
5251
. Dep. 3 s.
foruigénair,
Trip. 16.26 (208)
. -forgenair
ZCP iii 248 n. 18
.
Pass. pres. s.
fogníther,
Wb. 27b9
. pl. amal fon gníter
, ib.
Vn. fognam, q.v.
Later forms: fut. 3 s.
fognífe,
Trip. 70.10 (746)
. pl.
fom-gnifet,
SR 852
.
fognifet,
BB 278a37
(=
fogenaid,
129a18
).
Commonly in Mid. Ir. the verb is treated as a weak simplex,
with stem fog(a)n-. Cf.
fogniat .i. ..., fognait ... fogniter
.i. fognaither doib,
Laws v 96. 14
-
15
. pres. 3 s.
ognaid,
IGT
111 ex. 396
.
foghnuidh,
Proverbs xvii 22
.
-ḟognand,
LL 145b40
.
fut. 3 s.
foighéanaidh,
TD 9.54
. pret. - perf. 2 s. ro ḟógnais
PH 8244
. 3
ro ḟogain
,
LU 270
.
PH 4574
. pl.
dia ra
ḟogainset
,
PH 7085
.
nir ḟoghainset
,
CCath. 1993
.
I In general sense
serves, is of use
(a)
serves, is subject to
(a person), with acc. or DO: saer daer dagdana daig fogniat
┐ fogniter they serve and are served
Laws v 96.10
.
foruigénairsom
.uíí. mbliadna fo bés na nEbraidi,
Trip. 16.26
(208)
. in ré foghnad while they are giving service (of oxen,
cows, etc.)
Laws iv 106.19 Comm.
gaire cach fir fine fogne
fine ina foltaib coiraib,
iii 54.2
(
SM Facs. 52a
). óre as ṅdúil
foruigensat nach dúlem it is the creature they have served,
not the Creator
Wb. 1b22
. amal fongníter ídil síc fogníther
donaib ánib as idols are served, so service is rendered to
riches
27b9
.
fognad cach dialailiu,
Wb. 20b11
.
fomgnifet
ind il-aiṅgil,
SR 852
.
ni fognai lam laim (.i. ni fognand lam
... do laim),
Laws i 228.16
(legal maxim, `hand does not
serve hand').
in dias aile, fosgniat mor di tuathaib,
AU
624
=
dia fognad,
AFM 620
.
tánic [Pledias = Palladius] co
roḟogain do Dia i Fordun,
LU 270
.
co toimniudh cech ae
... dia bhfoghnad cumad do a oenar foighneth,
Lism. L.
144
. in Día día fegfognad
(imperf.)
LU 4316
=
dia ndegḟognand,
LL 145b 40
.
Niall bus rí ... ┐ is dō foigēnat a
brāthri,
ZCP viii 304z
. is dó fhoighentai ┐ foighenus in
cenel-sa him both ye and this race shall serve
Lism. L. 1837
.
Cf.
a gabail fodagniat,
Laws iv 282.12
(
SM Facs. 4a2
).
olc
an tigerna dar fhognumar,
RC xiv 32
.
tigernas diabuil
dia rafhogainset anallana,
PH 7085
. (fig.) fognad dúib
ág is ernbas! may danger and destruction wait on you!
Metr. Dinds. iii 90
. With DI of thing
used: na fearanda
dia fodnaidis (= which they tilled),
Lec. 185vb10
(=
BB
255a30
(fognaitis).
is and is ben-si intan fognaithir dia
sliasait,
Auraic. 609
=
fognaigther,
3086
. fogníatt dia
n-airbert bioth they conform to their manner of life
Hugh Roe 178y (f. 48a)
. dia mbad choire órdaigi | co ndrolaib
óir da fognann with rings (staves ?) of gold which it serves
(i.e. by which it is moved? `with golden hooks to move it'
MR 59
)
FDG 503
.
Cf. (of a shield:) inbaid fogníth ind oclaig [ = in t-oclach
LL]
fáeborchless di,
LU 6433
=
TBC-LL¹ 2579
(=
in uair doriged
a les in t-oglaech sin faeburcles do dhenamh dib, H 2.17
).
See II.
With transference of obj.
renders service as equivalent for;
renders, pays: mad in ceile bis daidbir, fogni lōg ina set
(.i. .. do ni seic logh na set d'fognum) he renders the value
of the `seds' in service
Laws ii 340.1
.
secht seotu ... fogniat
enech (sic leg.),
i 134.10 Comm
. conidh iaramh foghnaid
cis `they pay tribute'
Leb. Cert. 110.19
=
fogniat,
BB 273a12
.
Cf.
is a fidnemedaib fognitis filid a ngressa,
O'Mulc.
830
(this may belong to II).
(b) of things, etc. with DO of pers.,
serves = is used (by):
a [n]gnathbérla fogni do cach,
ACL iii 247.23
. na tri
chonnsuine dhég fhoghnus do luchd dénta an dána dírigh
IGT, Introd. § 1
. popal iat da fognaitis fesa ┐ faistine
who were wont to employ
CCath. 725
.
conidh hī-sin ealada
rofodhain doib ō sin amach,
ZCP xii 291.36
. crú ... nár
ḟoghain d'each that was never worn by a horse
TD 29.27
.
as ruamhar fognídh dia mhanc[h]aib (i.e. his monks used
spades, not ploughs)
BNnÉ 294§18
. do denamh na hairce
gos na haidhmibh rosfoghain (sic MS.) di with the tools
required for it
Leb. Gab.(i) i 8
. do gach ni ro fhoighenadh do
daoinibh ib. tuc ... bachall dó ┐ ... gach indstraimint eli
do foigeonadh d'espog that a bishop would need
BCC § 252
.
nach catu forfogain doib a nErinn whatever honour was
paid to them
Laws i 46.18
. Absol. : atat .clv. bliadan and
o roḟogain int argat sain since that money was current
LL
361
marg. sup. (
Mart. Tall. 114
). ni fognae a thelgadh
noe is not in use
Auraic. 1871
. Impers. pass.: ní haclaigh
cia fognaighter innaib `nothing is demanded if service is
obtained from them' (sc. impounded animals)
Laws iv
106.17 Comm.
Cf. is timna Rechta rofoghnamh (rofoghnad v.l.) doibh
it is the testament of the Law they used (i.e. followed)
IT iii
202x
.
(c) is of use to, avails, profits
, with DO (and sometimes
obj. NÍ).
ni ro fogain tra ni do Moingḟind in chelg sin,
RC
xxiv 180
.
do treced tigerna ... arna hetalaib ┐ arna buaib
nar fogain doib,
Ann. Conn. 1236 § 8
(but ALC has here:
ar na hédalaib tarla dhóibh ann sin mar nar ḟoghuin `as
became them not').
athfuabairt Atha Luain ... acht nochor
foghain doib,
RC xviii 57.29
. tuc F. claidheamh leis ┐ nir
fhodhuin dó it did not help him
ITS xix 52
. nír ḟoghainset
a n-urchair ... dóibh o hoin anunn then they could not make
use of their casts (i.e. could not shoot their arrows, etc.,
they were so close together)
CCath. 1993
. a rádh nach
foghnann commaoine ... dona marbhaibh is of no use to
TSh. 4332
. nar ḟoghain dóibh gan uisge d'faghail that they
must needs procure water
Ériu v 186.409
.
olc do fhoghain
dí ... tocht dí dá chobhair,
Dán Dé ii 18
. foigheánaidh
dáibh `it shall profit them' (of a course of action)
TD 9.54
.
inné nach foghnann duit duine ele dot breith ann sin?
will it not do you to be carried there by some one else?
BNnÉ
179.4
.
ní fhognaim dhuit mar dhearbhráthair,
PBocht
6 § 22
. Of medical treatment: don cuislinn, tuic curub
doib so is mó foghnus `that it avails most for'
Rosa Angl.
42.4
. Of attire, etc.:
an t-edach nar foghain di,
Duan. F.
ii 332
.
ní hé gach aonṡrian ḟoghnas don each,
Studies
1933, 406
.
Absol. :
slainti ┐ sirc[h]ennsa as edh ḟognus ann,
ZCP
viii 204 § 25
[is practised (?) Cf. d]. Med.:
adeir G. na
fognann cuisle sa cas sin,
Rosa Angl. 42z
. ni ro foghain
it was of no avail
RC xxxvii 346 § 24
.
foghnuidh croidhe
súgach amhuil leighios,
Proverbs xvii 22
.
(d) With LA of pers.
is used (by), passing into sense
is practised (by), is the wont (of): forrugeine la Gaidelai
flesc idaith domitte frissna collnai the G. used to employ a
rod to measure corpses
Corm. Y 606
(forugena LB).
fidad
inní forfogen la G. di tomus coland,
Thr. Ir. Gl. 21
. cnoī
bongar dia domnaich ní fogní leisim a cathim it is not his
practice to eat
Mon. Tall. § 13 (=
nir ghnath leis ...,
Rule of Tallaght § 62
).
isí figeld fodgníod la Duiblitir,
Mon. Tall.
§ 33
(=
as gnath
le,
Rule of Tallaght § 102
). sailm ... ┐ biait fogníad madin la
sochuidi `are used by some'
Mon. Tall.
§ 5
. ainm do c[h]oire ...
fognithe la hoes cerda. Is e ... cruth fogniad la haes cerda
a caldron that was used by the poets. This is how they used
it (leg. fogníd ? )
Corm. Y 141
.
Cf.
nach tan ... bither cen rig isnaib tuathaib is brathcai
fogni etorra .i. fria urradus,
Corm. Y 144
=
fogniad forru
fri hu.,
Thr. Ir. Gl. 7
.
(e) with FRI
serves with regard to = is construed with
(a case, part of speech); for idiom cf.
servit autem hoc
uerbum fri tobarthid,
Thes. ii 227.33
(
PCr. 59a2
): fri
áinsid fogní in briathar asberr intelligo
the verb `intelligo'
is construed with an accusative
Sg. 149a4
. intain foṅgniat
fri anmman when they are construed with nouns
220b9
.
fri a cocenél fogéna,
198a19
. ni fognat fri a ngenitnesidi
203a17
. A similar construction is loosely used in follg.:
is briathar ... `abco' ┐ is fria sidhe fogniat in trachturi
ceill n-aile the commentators use it in another sense
Hib. Min. 14. 466
.
II Through confusion of preverbs (cf.
Ériu xiv 129
) in
Mid. Ir. period frequently used in deuterot. forms for
do-gní:
smirammair fogní C. do chnāmib,
TBC-LL¹ 4624
=
do rinne St.
cluichi puill fognithi for faichthi na Emna,
972
.
is aire fogníd Medb sin,
697
(dogníd St).
fogni atlaigthi
buide do Dia,
PH 6663
.
and sin bhoghní C. ulcha smerthain
fair,
RC xv 63
. fogniat snáth do thusmhedh they cause
fibre to be produced
Marco P. 26
.
gach osadh fogníodh
Rónán robrisedh Suibhne,
BS § 7
.
fognítis [rognidis
v.l.] gnímu garga,
Metr. Dinds. iii 368
.
gach cinel ciuil
rob āl doib fógnitis fochétoir,
Aisl. Tond. 117 § 2
.
is a
chumachta-side fonrignine cen mescai,
LL 282b5
(
YBL
138a33 reads: fonrigmidne).
ni ba sindadh no aoradh
fogniset,
ZCP vii 305.13
.
bognítha guin
gal[ann] de,
CRR § 26
. Cf.
O'Mulc. 830
, cited at end of
I a above.