n d s. intan as mithich lasna cumachtgu foambiat a.¤ ┐ mám `under whose bond and yoke they are', Ml. 59d7 . Cf. aicce? See Lochlann ii 201 .

v ( ad-bond-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 476 ). Subj. Pres. 2 s. a-t-bois, O'Dav. 89 . 3 s. ad-bo, ib. ? Pass. (with ro) -arfastar (= árbastar?), Laws ii 48.4 . Cf. as-boind with which this vb. is sometimes confused and to which some of the exx. below may belong.

Proclaims, gives notice or warning (DO to): do gaib na heocho . . . ┐ ata-boind do fir bede heich and gives notice of them to the man whose they are, Laws iv 104.z. Comm. atabaind . . . fo na cricha he gives notice of them throughout the country, 106.3 Comm. adbonnar do flaith do eclais `let it be proclaimed to the chief, to the church', iii 298.6 . ni gaibther athgabail neimhe[d] graid flatha . . . co n-arfastur (= árbastar?) doib cu dechmuid `till notice be given to them of ten days', ii 48.4 . co n-arfastar doib fo lin fiadan, v 442.21 . lecidh in fear a cetmuindtir ┐ atboind na tucadh neach, 200.14 Comm. atbonnar do cach fia fiadnaib tuidhecht di, O'Curry 476 (H 3.18 p. 248). atboind ratha rechta, 2486 ( Eg. 88 fo. 39 (40)c ). ar apndachaib fine .i. adbonn fine a curu, 837 (H 3.18, p. 382a). o adponnar if notice be given, 797 (H 3. 18, p. 370b). for fuigell . . . atabonar, O'D. 2212 ( Nero A vii p. 146b ). in la segar ise la adbonar, 620 ( H 3.17 col. 461 ). adbo .i. urfocraim .i. obaim nó atboinn nó atbois ut est atbois a réir britheman, O'Dav. 89 . ? atbois .i. tobach ceni torbois .i. cenipe tualaing, O'Curry 1975 ( H 4.22, 17 ).

Vn. apad.

Part. aptha.

n also aice iā, f. perh. vn. of ad-guid see Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 551 . bond , surety, security: a.¤ .i. trebaire ┐ desmirecht air, a.¤ mac .i. mac nascaire, O'Curry 2077 (H. 4.22, f. 67). cu na dleiste do dune gumud cuma a epert ┐ a a.¤ acht do grádh sechta i.e. certain grades made themselves liable by simply giving verbal undertakings(?), O'D. 943 ( H 3.17, 660 ). duine bud cuma epirt ┐ a.¤ i.e. a man whose word is as good as his bond, Laws iii 326.26 Comm. ; 4.15 Comm. Cf. O'Dav. 795 . isit esinnricc manib cuma a n-epert ┐ a n-aice, Laws v 358.20 Comm. (cf. innann a nepert ┐ a narach, O'Curry 535 ( H 3.18, p. 265b = CIH iii 795.33 )). cred é cuma epert ┐ aige? . . . .i. commór a apart do féin ┐ ba huca thoghaidhe leis trebaire aire, O'Curry 1383 ( H 3.18, p. 629a ). aicc macu hi fiacha . . . do neoch imme fuigle in aicdiu from someone who gives decisions in matters affecting security, Laws ii 130.10 . dairt for a roach (.i. for a fiadnaise), colbdach for a aiciu (leg. aicdiu Thurn. ZCP xv p. 366 ) (.i. for a naidm) bo for a aitire, ZCP xiii 24.6 . ni direnaiter ni herenaiter aigde, O'Curry 824 ( H 3.18, p. 379a ). ni saigh ni a aicdiu .i. . . . ni astait ní na aitire, O'Curry 1990 (H. 4.22, p. 25). nach fer aici ┐ comit[h]echta, Anecd. iii 24.23 . mar do beith araind urradh / fan cunnradh do chenglamair / as i aice as annsa ann / damsa is caite re chomhall, 23 E 29, 81.4 . aicdhe .i. comhall, O'Cl. Note also aice .i. treabh (for trebaire?), ib. ?fochraic aicidi .i. log na haici ma diubart iar fis ┐ trebaire, O'Curry 1989 (H. 4.22 , 25 ). ? haice .i. ecaidhe nó deroil no eraise, ut est haice cach rath co rath tire .i. . . . is deroil cach ni doberar isin rath co tir, O'Dav. 1069 .

n iā, f. (Lat. alleluia? See also Vendr. Lex.) act of praising, giving thanks; hymn of praise: a buith oc ailli a almsine, Wb. 16d2 . do Chríst cachain ailli, Fél. Apr. 26 . cachain a.¤ , Leb. Gab.(i) 266.6 . oc cētul a shalm . . . for aillib ┐ annalaib ┐ ornalib `in lauds', MacCongl. 3.10 . ni bi raith friut tailcenn . . . ar do fuaslaice alle arach .i. uair uatuaslaice in t-a.¤ luighi uil acusan, an t-arach trebairi `for the hymn of praise would invalidate the bond ', Ériu xi 74 § 8 . Perh. also: oráit ┐ aill ar ainim Dhonnchaid, O'Curry 68 ( H 3.18, 24b ) (or áil request?). aill .i. molad, O'Dav. 72 . Of grace before meals: tre ailli gaibther re proinn, Wb. 28c20 . gabis ailli gl. benedixit illis, Thes. i 495.1 ( Ardm. 77a1 ) (of Christ before feeding the multitude). a.¤ (ab alleluia) do bheir se dh'ainm ar an altughadh sin. Adeirdis paidear d'eis na ha.¤ sin, Rule of Tallaght § 92 . bennachaid in fít, canair alle, gluaister cloc, LB 262a3 . fogní . . ailli mési `table grace', Mon. Tall. 131.9 (§ 8) . greeting(?): ailgini .i. aile do dénum riss ó gin .i. fáilti do dénam ris, O'D. 912 ( H 3.17, 651 ). As attrib. gen. tarmbreth Tomáis a.¤ `of praiseful T.', Fél. July 3 . Colmán epscop a.¤ , Aug. 8. fil and mór ṅard ṅa.¤ , Ep. 83. Cf. 373 .

See aillóir.

n, n. vn. of ar-naisc

(a) act of binding; bond , guarantee: urnaidhm .i. ceangal, O'Cl. na aurnaidm ara-rona, ZCP xi 94 § 30 . cadeat . . . m'urnadmand ?, MU² 113 . in turnaidm nidnaidhe ┐ in turnaidm ar adhall ┐ in turnaidhm cen mifolta, . . . urnadma[nna] indligthech[a] sein, O'D. 2363 ( Rawl. B. 506 f. 42d ; cf. Mar. Dis. 26 § 2 ). is t'ernaidm a[s] sírem méras i nHéirinn, Trip.² 962 . ernaim forro gen an modh cetna do leiccin isin caistiall, Grail 1014 . dia n-ernaidm fri Dia, 2238 . d'ernaidhm a chairdesa frissin ccoimdheadh, AFM vi 2218.8 . ar n-urnaidm a anala air re teinne na togruma, MR 318.11 .

(b) act of betrothal; bethrothal, marriage . The legal a.¤ was a particular type of betrothal consisting of a pledged agreement between the girl's representative and her future husband. In certain circumstances a simple acknowledgement by both parties (aititiu) sufficed instead of an a.¤ See Stud. in E. Ir. Law 109f. , 160 . Ir. Recht 29 . ata morseisir i tuaith arcuile coir urnadhma `there are seven who are prohibited from the right of contracting marriage', Laws v 132.1 . nascar a coibche do mnaī co n-ernadmaim ind fir bes dīles dī, acht ro-ana co āge a īcce fria a woman is guaranteed her bride-price at the time of her betrothal to the man who shall be hers, ZCP xv 356 § 44 gl. 3 . is écin don tí do rinde in urnaidhm cutruma a coibche dó, O'D. 425 ( H 3.17 c. 326 ). a hernaidm-si co n-icc a tindscrae, RC xi 448.80 . nibat gárechtaig aiscedaig fergnúsi ocom urnaidm, LL 14281 (rhet.). ro triallad a ernaidm do fir, Fél. 50.16 . oc fritháilim ernadma na mná dó, LL 407a54 ( TTr.² 1280 ). ? nach ingen dogníd búis dar cen a urnaidm nobreotha, LL 287b8 . ben aurnadma married woman, Triads 151 . mac na cetmuinntiri urnadma . . . mac na hadhaltrai urnadma, Cóic Con. 16 § 3 gl. 8 .

Cf. airṡnaidm.

n (nasc) ring, collar: fear-chon . . . co nurnasc imremar iarnaidi air having on him a thick iron collar, MR 200.1 . ro iadsat . . . urnasc imgona ar rigraid Alban, 244.1 . In sense of airnaidm: co naurnasc a gialla bond , O'Curry 475 ( H 3.18, p. 248 ).

n iā, f. ( eter, Bürgschaft p. 4 ). Later also m. in sense (b). Also aittire, aidire, e(i)t(t)ire, eidire, itire, oittire. Lit. being between, standing between or one who stands between (two parties to an agreement), see Bürgschaft p. 4 , 34 , 61 . Críth G. p. 74 . Cf. cid ara n-eper a.¤? itir a té .i. itir cich ┐ gruaid; no itir da feichemain, Bürgschaft 22 § 64 . a.¤ .i. iter dēde .i. iter dā fechemuin, Corm. Y 71 .

(a) hostage-suretyship : doté(i)t a.¤ ar ḟer feras in fuil he goes surety for the man who inflicts the wound, Críth G. 52 . cateat a ḟolta córai ó chách fris[s]a cuirther a.¤? for which surety is given, 58 . lóg a enech . . . téit fora naidm ┐ a ráith ┐ a aitiri he may go surety to the amount of his honour-price, 129 . dul tar a.¤ breaking a guarantee (one of the causes of loss of honour-price), Laws v 368.7 .

(b) hostage-surety who guarantees the performance of an obligation with his own person and not (like the ráth) with his property GEIL 172 , Stud. Hib. viii 52 , guarantor `who warrants the execution, not merely of public engagements . . ., but also of some of the more important private agreements', Críth G. p. 74 . ata a.¤ gaibhes gnimu nadma. a.¤ són dobeir laim im brollach feicheman co nadhmaim le[s], saigid riasíu ascomra. assed a slan undertakes the business of giving a bond i.e. an a.¤ who puts a `naidm' in the breast of the debtor, he sues before he himself pays and so he remains free from loss, ZCP xiii 24.11 ( Bürgschaft 13 § 42 ). nugu toibhghenn nech i cairdi acht aitteri, Bürgschaft 63 x . cungnat oittiri in fecheman toicheda riu, 64.7 . slan a.¤ cairde (title of a tract), ZCP xiii 24 (Bürgschaft 32 § 1) (see cairde). corus a.¤ (title of a tract), Bürgschaft 22 § 64 . cis lir a.¤ do-chuisin . . . a tri . . . a.¤ luigi ┐ aitiri foesma ┐ aitiri nadma, ib. (see also fáes(s)am, 1 luige). na huile neiche risa-ndechaid int a.¤ , 68 § 1 . atait secht n-aitiri asrenut la Feine . . . a.¤ teit ar mac beoathar fo-n-ocair a athair, a.¤ tar cend ambui anechtair, etc., Laws v 228.1 . caite a sslan na a.¤? .i. a fomeilt ┐ a imluath ┐ a gnim ┐ log .uii. cumal niath (.i. lóg cimedha, ar is cimidh ind aitiri iar ndithmaim fuirri) what is the indemnity of an `a.¤'? Bürgschaft 24 § 67 . ces do-gníther de muna comrastar fris? Tiagair dochum raite no a.¤ ma beit iar cul ar it he a .u. in sin biti fri heluth .i. naidm ┐ raith ┐ a.¤ ┐ ceilebrath ┐ gell what is to be done when the debtor does not come forward? One goes to a `ráth' or an `a.¤' if they stand behind the transaction, for these are the five (sureties) who guarantee against absconding, 14 § 48 . athgabail a.¤ aslui feile `distress of a surety who violates his honour', Laws i 214.25 (`der sich dem Anstand (der Ehrbarkeit) entzieht', Bürgschaft p. 70 ). in raith uil re aithne na conaire fuigill is techta no int ait[i]re uil re aithne na conaire fuighill is cóir (i) n-athcomairc i.e. it is a `ráith' if the suit is one of `techta', an ¤a. if the suit is one of `cóir n-athchomairc ', Cóic Con. 32 § 27 . is ed is a.¤ ann .i. do ghradhaib flatha uair cid mor do cintaib ┐ do raithiges ┐ do aitires ro-dlecht donn athair, ma ro-fagaib int athair dibadh accu — uair ni tet itire acht co cro, teit raith for comarba co no[m]ud — noco cutrumus in dibaid do dul isna cintaib, 33 § 32 . aitiri De cleric, Laws v 272.8 (see Bürgschaft 73 ). teōra a.¤ cac[h]a prīmegalsa fri Cāin Adomnāin .i. secnap ┐ coic ┐ fertiges ┐ a.¤ cāna deirbḟine fo Erinn uile ┐ dā eitiri cāna ardflat[h]a every principal church has three guarantors to ensure the fulfilment of A.'s law, Cáin Ad. 32 § 53 (see Bürgschaft p. 7 ). sárugud a.¤ nó crossi in domnaig oc saigid na cána in domnaig, Ériu ii 208 § 29 . ma asloat aitiri tobungar cumal ocht n-ungi diib, Anecd. iii 24.18 . do-bert .uii. n-aidirie di trénferuib Erenn . . . fri hasic na flathae uad ma fofertís a mifholtae fesin i.e. he gave seven fighting men as guarantors that he would give back the kingship should he behave in an unkingly way, RC xii 62 § 24 . tucaid huaib etere ṅgle / fri tichtáin doridise, SR 3499 . forbia for n-eitteire fein, 3503 . for cóic aitirib dēac on the guarantee of fifteen men, TBC-I¹ 2919 . ité a.¤ . . . do-breatha do Ingcél ó ḟeraib Hé., BDD² 421 . gabsait na aittiri eturru a fritisi, 866 . togaid aitiri de (ref. to visit of Ulaid to Bricriu), LU 8097 ( FB 7 ). de inchaib na n-atairi, 8184 ( 13 ). trían do flaith, trīan do fine, trīan do etarflaith ┐ do iteraibh (of property of deceased person), Ériu i 215.28 . it .iii. heteri gabar darcend in Choimded fri dingbail cecha tedmma dib . . . .i. Petur Apstal ┐ Muri Og ┐ Michel Archaingel patrons(?), RC xii 428 § 19 .

(c) hostage: nó idnaictís dosom geill ┐ eteri, CCath. 1636 . ní gabthar a n-eiteri a nglas no a slabradh acht lúgha fó láim rígh `hostages', Leb. Cert. 135.x . dia n-elódha in t-aideri, 11 . cor facsat etere ina laim .i. Isacar, BB 238b42 . cen giall cen eteri, RC xvii 354.29 (Tig.). braigti ┐ etiri, Cog. 48.8 . co ttuccsat gialla . . . ass . . . im aidire Ua Néill, AFM ii 712.5 .

COMPD. ¤-mac: do ghuidhetar ind Ógh cona haitirmac (of Christ), Caithr. Thoirdh. 94.35 .

n o. See LEIA A-62 , Féil. Mhic Néill 142 . perspiration: a.¤ .i. sudor , Thes. ii 42.17 . roleg bruth ┐ allus in miled hé the heat and sweat of the soldier melted him, LU 7976 . do modh . . . do slechtanaib co tī th'a.¤ co menic (rule for religious life), ZCP iii 30.8 . allus de / isin lo the conaire, IT iii 103 § 196 . dopperar ēttach tromm foir condotice aldus, ZCP vi 257 § 6 . in damuscach allais effusion of sweat , PH 3042 . lan do a.¤ o cind co bond , Todd Nenn. 80.z . allos (sic leg.) na fala bloody sweat, PH 22 . cludugad co maith no co ngabhadh si allus, Irish Texts v 18.30 . do bhí a a.¤ mar bhraona fola, Luke xxii 44 . dá ttiubhra allus, Ezekiel xliv 18 . rochruaidh an punc ann a gcuirir me, ┐ beana[i?]dh se a.¤ as mo mhuintir uile (a disputant who is driven into a corner), Luc. Fid. 316.20 . allus a maoile fein ícus cach from the sweat of his own brow comes each man's good (prov. saying), BNnÉ 301 § 5 . a.¤ Mhuire name of a plant , RC iv 190 n. Attrib. gen.: don plaidh allais the sweating sickness, AU iii 358.16 . bréit allais handkerchief (sudary), PH 2193 .

n o, n. n p. arag, Laws i 260.15 . airge, Cóic Con. 15 § 2 (see GOI § 280 ). Later m. Vn. of ad-rig, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 592 .

(a) act of binding, tying; bond , fetter: res in coin na fetar d'arach, Laws iii 416.16 Comm. cibe inad . . . i nderna fer araigh arach `wherever the man who ties [the cow] performs the tying', 228.13 Comm. fot in araig, 412.21 Comm. airge con anaithne, O'Curry 2510 ( Eg. 88 41b ) = erge con, Laws iii 416.6 - 11 (see eirge). būrach .i. bō ┐ ārach, Corm. Y 131 (cf. bárach). a druith na halla / sen araigh corra / croma cama fodchossaigh bindings, shoes(?), IT iii 99.1 . cú áraig `a chained hound', Triads 168 . loman áraig leash , see loman and cf. cona.¤ dog-chain, leash , TBC-LL¹ 1003 .

(b) act of binding, guaranteeing (a contract or other legal obligation or transaction); bond , guarantee: ailid cac otrus a arag hi coraib bel `every sick-maintenance entails its binding (i.e. must be secured) by contracts', BCrólige 55 . a harach: arach fir fri firgilli the binding of evidence takes place with proper pledges (Thurn.), Cóic Con. 17 § 4 . issed coir cach troiscthe . . . arach for soraith nad elai `the security of a good surety who would not evade', Laws i 118.6 . faill . . . do feichemnaib lecud a naraig do derna dar a cenn `breaking their bond ', Laws iii 512.1 ( O'Dav. 169 ). mad tuc arach re airisemh uirre, O'D. 538 (H 3.17, c. 433) `if he gave surety to abide by the decision', Plummer MS notes. gell ria narach geall iar narach, O'Curry 2719 ( Eg. 88, 61(62)a ). breth gin dilsi gin arach, 2290 ( Eg. 88, 21(22)d ). inann a nepert ┐ a ná.¤ , 535 (H 3.18, 265b) `their word is as good as their bond ', Plummer MS. notes. ? dul do chennach gin airrchi, Ériu xiii 62 § 7 ( Triads § 74 ) (cf. airrach). If certain relatives of a dead man have all pre-deceased him then the person who inherits his `díbad' is: in fear uasal a.¤ in geilfine, O'D. 740 (H 3.17, c. 538).

In literary texts: dogen-sa aní . . . acht nar milter úaib-si a n-arach on condition that the pledge be not violated by you, LU 5849 (TBC). ní géb-sa gan á.¤ / dáig nim láech gan lámach I will not undertake it without security, TBC-LL¹ 3044 . tan nad rabe naidm nó á.¤ nó aitire acht fiadnaissi namma, LL 4996 . do tarlaic dar ārach uad `in violation of a bond ', Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 20.3 . gan urradha gan á.¤ , AFM vi 1988.16 . ro naidhm árách (sic) ┐ rátha fair, 2046.18 . fonaiscis fair araige, ZCP iii 247.6 . ocht dtrátha ar atach á.¤ / [. . .] na n-ocht ndubhálach `to implore safeguards', Dán Dé xxiv 2 . fagaibh-si Teamhraig . . . re bliadain . . . dóigh tarrus á.¤ orum-sa uime sin `I have pledged myself to this', Ériu iii 154 § 8 . is andsin tarroidh Meadhbh modh n-aroidh ar Fer nDiag um an comhrag do dhénamh, ZCP x 278.8 = ra siacht M. máeth n-áraig bar F., TBC-LL¹ 3163 . táirthis baéth n-araig fair, RC xiii 106.8 ( LL 306b15 ) (see maeth).

(c) favourable opportunity, advantage, opening (frequ. with for (ar) of dat. incommodi): ōtconncatar dā mac Sgōrāin . . . á.¤ comlainn uirri `a chance of fighting against it', Fianaig. 64.19 . iarras do námhaid á.¤ ort seeks an opportunity against thee, TSh. 7762 . iarrais a.¤ ar an rígh gur marbhadh leis é `sought an opportunity and killed the king', Keat. ii 660 . mná i n-iodhnaibh . . . / gan á.¤ ar sgur dá mbrón, Measgra D. 5.34 . do-chuaid d'iarraidh áraigh air to get a chance to reform him(?) (Monica and Augustine), DDána 59.10 . á.¤ na humhlachta d'iarraidh to seek an opportunity to practise humility(?), TSh. 185 . fo-gaib (gaibid) á.¤ for (ar): ní faghthar, ní fríoth, á.¤ / orra fa Art Chaomhánach no chance was found to attack them under Art, DDána 100.24 . fuaradar Fionnlochlonnaigh . . . á.¤ ar bheith ag aithmhilleadh Éireann, Keat. iii 2911 . á.¤ ní fhaghaim ar shuan, Measgra D. 5.45 . nir gabadh á.¤ oruinn osin alé, ZCP i 131.24 .

Note further: in uair na raibhe á.¤ acut fén ort `when you had no power over yourself', PH 7391 . gidh nach bhfuil arach air though there is no help for it, Fen. 69 n.7 . ríodhamhna saor somholta / ar nach bhfuil neart nō á.¤ , O'R. Poems 1090 . an uair is mó bhíd i n-á.¤ a n-ilchleas rely on, TSh. 528 . conid he arach a raíníg . . . a cor a tenid ┐ a losgadh plan, BB 417a16 .

See also árad.

v (*air-nasc-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 582 ). In general sense binds, guarantees, etc., but most frequ. in more specialized sense of betroths, gives in marriage (DO to). Indic. pres. pass. sg. ernascar cechtar n-ai di araili they are betrothed to one another, RC viii 150 § 1 . airnascar . . . do mac ind octhigerni ingen in ríg, ib. ni dligthech nad ornascur, O'Curry 1864 ( RIA 23 P 3, 20a ). pl. rel. mná aurnad[me], ara-nascatar comberta, Peritia ix 108 § 4 . Ipv. 2 s. arotnaisc dó, TBFr. 347 . Subj. pres. 3 s. na aurnaidm ara-rona any bond which he may bind, ZCP xi 94 § 30. Pass. mani arnastar (mari aranastar MS), Thes. ii 38.7 . Subj. impf. pass. sg. ár ní théged nech cucu in a cluchimag co n-arnastá a ḟóesam till his safe-keeping had been bound (i.e. guaranteed), LU 4872 . Fut. 1 s. arnenas a fúal ina corpaib `I will bind', RC xii 82 § 80 . 3 s. arnena gialla Gāidel, ZCP xiii 376.12 . arus-nena nertaib dorn do gīallaib `he shall powerfully bind her with a handful of hostages', Ériu xvi 147.10 . Pass. sg. ata ingen alainn arnenustar duit, Vita Br. 15 . Perf. and pret. 1 s. arobróinasc gl. dispondi enim uos, Wb. 17b27 . 3 s. arnenaisc iarom Concobar a fíair do Sualdaim, LU 10607 . arannaisc (arranaisc, arnaisg, arnaisc v.ll.) a chetgnúis [cel] .i. is é cétgnuis do chuaid, i mbás peccaid `his first presence, death, betrothed him', RC xxvi 32 § 144 . Pass. sg. ara-nais-si dond ríg, BDD² 99 . arnaiss a ingen dond rig, RC xi 448.88 . co n-arnas do Midir, Ériu xii 152.12 . ro ernas cumal dó, Trip.² 227 . fri Maire ro hernas do gl. cum Maria desponsata sua, Rawl. B 512 ff. 65a , 66c (Plummer MS notes). ro hirnasccad don uan rúnta, LB 146b4 . aimmser inar hurnaisced a ingen . . . do Alexander, Alex. 49 . Pl. arnassa side remib huile, RC xi 448.87 .

Vn. airnaidm. Part. ernastai, Rawl. B. 512, 66d (Plummer MS notes) and see airnisi, ernasta.

Later also airnaidmid.

n m. and f. (Lat. baptisma, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 220 ) a s. baithis, Thes. ii 242.10 (Ardm.). g s. batis, LU 2998 (H). baitsi, Trip.² 76. baitse, Ériu xx 160.7 . na baiste , Trip.² 97. in bhaistte , Lism. L. 2835. d s. baithius, Wb. 12c39 . bathais, Blathm. 170. baithes m., IGT Decl. § 38 (87.20) . bathais baithis f., § 150 .

(a) baptism; the order of baptism, the baptismal rite; in looser sense, faith, creed: cerudglanta (leg. -glante ? edd.) tri bathis, Wb. 4a6 . tre baithis, 14c19 . tris in iris fosissetar i mbathis, Tur. 43. husce . . . asa ndénad in bathis, Trip.² 91. ro erlég in mbathais, 94 . baithes Pátraic faith, religion, Fél. Apr. 5. bathes már Maicc Maire, Jan. 6 (bathais, baithis, baithes, v.ll.). Pól i mbathis brethae, 25 . tria muir na baisti ┐ na der[g]martra, BColm. 104.22 . baithes ┐ comna, Laws iii 32.30 . o baithiss by baptism (a name), LL 371c3 . ro tréigsiot . . . a mbaithis Críostaídhachta, TFrag. 126.19 . téit fo baithis is baptised, is named: intain diagmani fo baithis, Wb. 3a15 . Tur. 55. ceni teisi fo bhathais `though he had not been given a name', Blathm. 668 (MS). Cf. in drema bui cen baitssed riam . . . tancutar chuice fo bathis, PH 247. do-beir baithis (do) baptises: ar ba Patric dubert baithis du Ch., Thes. ii 242.10 (Ardm.). Cf. nī mad tardad baithis tonn / tairthī caithis ind-úairib, ZCP xii 296 § 4.

Attrib. g s. Pátraic . . . athair baitsi ┐ creitme fer nErenn, Trip.² 76. mo c[h]enn battsi, BColm. 82.28 . Eoin baitsi John the Baptist, Lism. L. 3325. Eoin Baisde (: gaisde), Dán Dé xiii 7 . IGT Introd. 14.29 . comus ṗingni baisdi baptism fee, Hy Maine 78.7 . bond baistte (a tribute payable to clergy), BNnÉ 265 § 230 . screaball baithis Pádraig, Keat. iii 377.

As quasi-vn. oc baithis na hi Brigti, Vita Br. 2. a mbai Patraic oc bathis Lugne, Trip.² 827.

Of a heathen rite: gur chansat an mbaithis ngeintlidhe, Cóir Anm. 251 (p. 392.29) . atbert in drui triasin ṁbaithis . . ., ZCP ii 134 § 5.

(b) By association crown of the head: mullach cinn .i. a baites, Bretha § 2A . ó mullach mo baisti / go hingin mo coisi, Laud 615, 55 (cited Contribb. 187 ). o bathis coa bunn, LL 30592. o bhonn go bháthais, TBC-LL¹ p. 369 n. 5 (H, Eg.) = o mullach co talmain, text. in baithis gl. uerticem, Gild. Lor. 248. in baithes gl. cephale, 83 . benais a bricín da baithis ┐ sgáilis a folt, Fianaig. 72.30 . robuail builli . . . a mbathais an doirrseora, ZCP vi 276.14 . mo chathbarr . . . / gach én gébus má baithis / ní bia fó aithis móile, SG 248.26 . gríos beo do bháidh ar dtreise / do-cháidh tre bheo ar mbaitheise cut us to the quick, DDána 81.1 . bonn a chos ris an aird soir ┐ a bhaitheas ris an aird siar, TSh. 5758. For the phr. lann baithise the fontanelle , see 1 lann.

adj o, ā

I

(a) white, fair, bright; pure, holy, blessed; of a page, blank: dichennadh Ioain Babtaist bain `pure', Blathm. 247. tara ngnúissi bána (of the saints), Fél. Ep. 339. in grían b.¤ ban Muman / Íte, Jan. 15. timpān .i. tim .i. sail ┐ bān .i. umae bīs inti, Corm. Y 1258 (whence: ban .i. umha, O'Cl.). scíath brec . . . bil b.¤ findruini, LU 8602 ( FB 45 ). braen bat[h]is báin, 2998 (H). co lá brátha báin, 348 . an biadh ban `the white food', Leb. Gab.(i) 46.19 (= good food i.e. milk, etc.?). gabus Eba in t-ubull b.¤ fair, Ériu iv 114 § 10. co tarla a dī bond bána fair so that he fell dead with upturned soles, MU² 988 (cf. bánaigid). libair bána leisa ngabar salmthrátha, SG 52.2 . uch a lám, / ar' scribis do memrum b.¤ , ZCP ii 225.1 . na Bóinne báine, Keat. Poems 432. i mbruighnibh bána in white halls, Hackett xl 266 . ? In pejorative sense: a bachlaig bāin, Bruchst. i 27 § 59 (`blutleerer'). tuata b.¤ `a boorish clown', Ó Bruad. ii 14.z . In n. loc. Benn b.¤ in retha, Acall. 5637. In verse freq. as epithet of blíadain: o gein Crist co bliadain ṁbáin (= this year), LL 15430. arim trí ṅdéich ṁbliadan ṁb.¤ , MacCarthy 180 § 6 . Compar. ba baine (bainithir, v.l.) linscoit lenead arna langlanad, TTebe 480 .

In phr., bélre (bérla) b.¤ , see biait.

(b) pale; of a fight etc., bloodless: b.¤ gl. ex[s]anguis, Sg. 67a19 . ni ban re ndol fri croich `unbloody', Blathm. 234. nidat bána mo chrechtasa, LU 7991 (BDD). beóil bána, TBC-LL¹ 4104. i ndáil bain báis, LL 19352. ina ḟanntassib bána, LB 154b59 . ba bana buadirthi na Greic uili ri heicin na hitad sin, TTebe 1776 . senoir etlaidhe b.¤ . . . gan fuil, gan feoil, BNnÉ 77 § 145 . is b.¤ in gleó sa, TBC-LL¹ 4585.

(c) Of land, etc. untilled, waste, unoccupied: rannchuid di bān ga[n] aittreabadh nō inotacht (of a city), Fl. Earls 70.y . tré fhearann b.¤ fásuigh, Jeremiah ii 6.

II As subst.

(a) fair one; blameless one; of a page, blank space: D. deich ṁbliadna don b.¤ , LL 4379. mochean do'n bh.¤ nach can brég (of Molaise), SG 29.18 . an b.¤-sa a ndeiread na duilleoigi, TTebe xv § 2 . féch féin in beg nó in mór in b.¤ so `this blank space' (in a MS.), O'Gr. Cat. 110.z.

(b) untilled land, lea: thógfadh an spád ┐ rómharfadh an b.¤ , Hard. i 272.10 . pn In placename: B. Leathan, O'Don. Suppl. Cf. bánta.

(c) Expld. as truth: `ban' is `binne,' anmonna íad d'ḟírinne, Metr. Gl. 27 § 34 (perh. arising out of some gloss on bélre b.¤ ). Whence probably: ban .i. fírinne, O'Cl. ban .i. fir, Lec. Gl. 174. Stowe Gl. 238.

? ba b.¤ ar bruid, Metr. Dinds. iv 178.11 (`it was "a white page for a blot"'). ? cíarb éicess Nár cosin neim / dofuc co b.¤ in ben-sin `brought him to pale death', 8 .

Compds. Usu. with meaning white, bright, pale; bloodless ; somet. weakening the implication of the compounded word and contrasted with derg used as intensive prefix (cf. subrufa, mar bhánór. rufa, mar dergór. Subrubea, mar bhanchroch. rubea mar dergchroch. Subrubicunda, mar fhuil uisgeamail no bhanlasair. rubicunda mar fhuil dhegdha(a)tha no dearglasair, 23 K 42 , 162.12 ff.). With nouns: ben chain bánainech, TBC-LL¹ 4314. brettnas bánargait, 5426 . a mbleidedha banóir ┐ banairgid, Acall. 405. reacht bánbathisi `purifying baptism's law', O'Gr. Cat. 100.7. ó bas co banbem a blow which does not draw blood, Cóic Con. 41 § 60. nocha bánbhéim acht cneadh chinn no light misfortune, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 162.175 . ? ní bán-bhreath (sic leg.) a lenient judgment (?), Leb. Cert. 104.8 . (= ní hainbreath, Leb. Cert.² 745 ). Bóand bánbronnat `white bellied', Metr. Dinds. iii 34.16 . ro ir dom . . . .x. mbanchaimsa (.i. léne beca nó nulam), Ériu ii 5.4 . airitiu ind nóib Ióib / iar ṁbúaid ┐ bánchath (: márrath), Fél. June 8 (.i. nirbo dergmartra rofucc). ? bancloth briugad for tuatha do erdidbud, Laws i 232.2 . ní seagur comtús tar condeilg mbreitheman banclotha tuath .i. ni coir do dul co breithemh eile sech in fírbreithemh bís isin tuaith of fair renown, O'D. 764 (H. 3.17, 549). Banchomrag Ferghusa, TBC-LL¹ p. 418 n.2 . ban(n)esorgain nat faccaib cnoc `white (bloodless) mayhem', Bretha 24 (glossed .i. banbeim, see p. 59). Bandha na mbánḟoithreadh `fair forests', TD 16.1 . Bángleo Rochada (the name of one incident of the Táin), TBC-LL¹ 4555. an béal arna bhán-ghormadh `growing wan, pale-blue' (Gloss.), TSh. 1093. bánlann óir fria hedan, Acall. 3895 v.l. (niamlann d'ór buidhe . . ., text). coic bliadna os cach banleittir, Rawl. 164b28 . . . . an bánmaidhm sin cen go ro fuiligheadh nó go ro fordhearccadh for neach etorra, AFM v 1362.6 . báanmartre ┐ glasmartre ┐ dercmartre, Thes. ii 246.30 cf. BCC 432.37 (§ 391) . issí in bánmartre du duiniu intain scaras ar Dea fri cach réet caris, 247.1 (Cambr.). cond bo buachaill i mbansoillsi, Laws iv 96.23 . bánsuile mora a n-iarthar cind in bathlaig, Acall. 1871 v.l. co ṁbántlacht `with white raiment', Fél. Ep. 331 (cot banlucht, v.l.). cloch is cosmail re banumha `electrum', Celtica ii 84.474 .

With adjj.: doghabh a sciath . . . mbancorcra, Ériu iii 170 § 28 . inneoch narbtar banglasa dib robtar dubglasa (of the sacrificial entrails), CCath. 966. do indrechtānu bó bánméthi, MacCongl. 89.27 . borbdam banodhur, IT iii 87 § 99.

With adjj. derived from nouns: i gcrích mhín bhánacraigh Bhreagh, DDána 118.3 . cléirech bánaightheach brightfaced, SG 30.y . o Boind bind banbruthaig, LL 1027.

With vb.: saoirfhear . . . / dar báinghealadh toradh is meas míon Mhumhan was whitened, ripened, Aithd. D. 4.7 .

n (ON band, Ling. Val. Ir. Ann. 122 ) bond , guarantee: a mbannaidhib re hanamain a sith do `to guarantee his continuing in peace', ALC ii 460.9 . má bheir bean . . . móid don tighearna ┐ í féin do ceangal a mb.¤ , Numbers xxx 3. b.¤ sleamhain séalaighthe `a smoothly sealed bond ', Ó Bruad. ii 28.15 . fa briogh na mbannaighe ata orm `bonds', Trans. RIA xv 93.16 of text.

n (2 banna) bond , guarantee: ní thiubhrainnsi bonn ar a mbannachánaibh, Ó Bruad. iii 40.12 .

v also bongaid, buingid. See Vendryes, Études Celt. v 240. With non-radical -n-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 339 , 477 , GOI § 550. For long ō of subj. stem (bōss-) postulated by Thurn. Hdb. § 616 note ex. bóus cited infra. For future see § 657 , 666 , 667 . buing, boing, IGT Verbs § 76. Pret. 3 s. buich included here may acc. to Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 477 belong to another stem buig: see also GOI § 694 (c), Thurn. KZ xlviii 65 - 66 and Celtic Verb 117 n. For pass. pret. -bocht see GOI § 707. The stem boing- becomes obsolete in mod. Ir., but its vocalism seems to have influenced boin-, bain-, late forms of benaid.

Pres. indic. 1 s. -buṅg, Corm. Bodl. 34.26 . Pass. s. rel. bongar, Mon. Tall. 132.19 . Pres. subj. 3 s. rel. bóus (B. na f.), ZCP v 486 § 6. Fut. 1 s. bibhsa, O'Cl. ? 3 s. biba, Trip. 88.1 . 3 pl. bibhsiutt, RC xii 106 § 155. Pret. 3 s. -bobig, RC xi 446.y . buich, LU 352 (ACC) (arch. by-form, GOI § 694 ). ? -baig , Celtica xxi 119 § 6 . 3 pl. baichsead, O'Cl. ? fut. as pret. bibsat, LU 6194. Pret. pass. -bocht, Thes. ii 334.3 (Hy.v). part. bochta, RC v 201 § 20 . See also 1 bocht, -bochtae. Vn. búain, boing.

(a) breaks, smites, strikes: (rhet.) fortut brágit bibsatar, LU 10361 = beufsatar (bebsatar (St.), n. 16), ZCP iii 255.y . boingidh méin in uma `they (i.e. `in lucht') break up the copper-ore', Hermathena xxi 4.z. craitsiusa conbobig a mmer ( co mbobig, Contribb. 239 `so that he broke her finger'), RC xi 446.y . Cormac cain buich (.i. ro bris) neoit (.i. gainne), LU 352 (`destroyed niggardliness, Stokes RC xx 44.18 ). ro ches gair co mbuich (.i. . . . co ro brissistar cath for Demun ┐ domun) `until he routed', ACC 39. Cf. bach .i. brisedh, O'Curry 972 (H. 3.18, 416). ruthid hedh baeth foa mbi / do fuit co mbuich a chnami, ACC 39 Comm. buich, bugh .i. briseadh, O'Cl. bibsat ind fir na bú tairis `drove the cattle across' (Faraday), LU 6194 ( TBC-I¹ 1711 ). comboing in cethri darsna slúagu sair, 6207 . luighiu mac int soihfesai | ron buich tres bēim uí Rossa 'the oath of the children of poesy, one of the three blows of the grandson of Ros ... has broken it', Ériu lix 126 § 8​ .

(b) cuts, reaps; plucks, gathers; ceso femmuin mbolgaig mbuṅg (: sund), Corm. Bodl. 34.26 (s.v. prull) bung, mung, bug, mbuing, v.ll., Wind. Festschr. 17.47 , 12.44 . lathe búana dí madbocht (.i. maith ro boiṅged), Thes. ii 334.3 , 27 (Hy. v). ? nescietur cóich biba coich beba who shall cut down, who shall die, i.e. who shall reap and be reaped (by death), Trip. 88.1 . Cf. beg bríga bebsat bibath (bi bath, text) midlách, MR 170.8 . bert bond bochta blaith, RC v 201 § 20 (bochta[i] bláith `flowers were reaped', Ériu xxii 42 § 5 ). methel ón ní is meato (sic, Lat. meto) .i. boingim, O'D. 520 (H. 3.17, 422). bibhsiutt buain cech raithi `they shall reap a harvest', RC xii 106 § 155. luss bongar ind domnuch . . . nó cnoi bongar dia domnaich `that is cut . . . that are plucked . . .', Mon. Tall. 132.19 , 21 . biorar bhuingim-si, BS 94.13 . ma ro boinged `if (the fern) has been cut' (Gloss.), Laws i 172.13 Comm. ní bia . . . .i. ar na boinge fid a feraind, iv 124.18 Comm. ro boingeadh damna in cleib no na cleithi `were cut', v 474.24 Comm. lus cech galair . . . / boinghcter uile a n-ocht kalaind, Ériu ix 66.12 . a cnúas ni buing dalta dhó `no fosterling . . . breaks off', KMMisc. 174 § 31. (? B. na f.) ní bhoingfedh (.i. fásfadh, 379.15) cairche as anad `he would not harvest', ZCP iii 378.5 .

(c) exacts, levies: bongur eiric dít isin agra nindlighthech, O'D. 546 (H. 3.17, 435). B. na f. tor (.i. triath) bóus (.i. toibhgis), ZCP v 486 § 6. Note also: ughdar bleacht na mbeart (mbreath v.l.) gan bhréag do bhuing `of . . . judgments framed without mendacity', Ó Bruad. ii 200.z .

(d) With prepp. ní bhuingeadh gaoth cairche a hindlibh ó mheadhon foghmair go meadhon Earraigh `did not take a hair off the cattle', AFM i 90.7 . do bhoing sé a hanumhla inn, IGT Decl. ex. 320. sé líne do bean a broid, ex. 297 . mór do bhoing dím gu drásda / grásda rígh an chroinn chésda, IGT Decl. ex. 38. nar bhuing d'fhiliodhoibh urroim `who have not refused respect to poets', O'Hara 1308. do bhuing do Thadhg ar thagair `he refuted his (T.'s) contention', Content. xx 10 . re síth Duirn buide buinges `lying close up against the side of D. B.', SG 179.12 . Tuatha De . . . / for Thuaith mBolg baichset righi (glossed: do bensat T.D.D . . . righi Erenn do Feraibh Bolcc íar mbrisedh orra), Leb. Gab.(i) 158.2 . ? slad croinn na deachmhaidhe dhí / do bhoing mear-chraidhe ar gach mnaoi, Dán Dé xxvii 23 . níor bhoing sliocht an álaidh ort did not wipe away (?), 14 . do bhoing lubhghort an Ríogh ruinn `God's garden has become ours', 24 . is cumae fiach neich adchi ┐ na naidhbhridh, ┐ nad boing iarum fri nech chuilles soíre in domnaig who does not exact (a fine) against (?), O'D. 1938 ( Cod. Clarend. 15, 6c ). Part. precise (?), complete (cf. becht): triochadh bliadain mbochta (.i. iomlana), 23 E 26, 140.15 = bai triocha bliadhna mbochta (glossed: triocha bliadhna móra, nó móaightheacha (sic leg.), no iomlana, no on mbochta (`of poverty'), Leb. Gab.(i) 68.9 .

n o, m. b.¤ m., IGT Decl. § 67.

(a) sole of the foot; foot: b.¤ quasi fond, a nomine fundamentum, Corm. Y 170. ina bond traiged, TBC-LL¹ 2187. co tarla a di bond bána fair so that his two white soles were turned upward (in death), LU 1497 (MU). da bond , 1500 . a mbuind banai forra iarn[a] trascrad, RC xii 90 § 109. glassad ar bonnaib (of damned in hell), LU 2428 ( RC iv 252 § 20 ). buind cholbtha remra leó, BDD² 936 ` ankles (?),' BDD 95. cona assaib . . . ima bunnu, MacCongl. 89.7 . Muire do chumail a céibh / dá bhonnaibh uile, Dán Dé v 27 . o bh.¤ na troighthe = from the sole of the foot, Isaiah i 6. nír cuir do ait a b.¤ é `did not move him from his foothold', Stair Erc. 189. ná ro fágaibh aid (leg. áit) a mb.¤ dá mbiodhbhadhaibh `who had not fled from their enemies', AFM v 1646.26 . do-ber bond ri Banba ṁbind `who sets foot on B.'s soil', Ériu vii 224.6 . inis Magdena . . . cach oen nofuirmed a bond fuirre ni aprad gae, Dinds. 100. mé do lá bir 'na bonnaib `into His feet', Ériu iv 114.21 . gabhla gan greim da a (leg. da) mbonaibh (= bonnaibh, Ed.) `(his) descendants are without a patch of ground to stand on', Gleanings from Irish manuscripts 30 § 8 . leithed do bhuinn do ghabhail dhuit do chrich n-Uladh, TBC-LL¹ p. 869 n.4 . go dtógbhaid ar a bhonnaibh é set it (viz. an upturned tortoise) on its legs again, TSh. 3907. céim a b.¤ , DDána 49.11 . is mithid damhsa bann (b. v.l.) do bhaile `tis time . . . for me to foot it homewards', Ó Bruad. ii 240.5 . Note also: guidmid buind a chos (mistransl. of adoremus scabellum pedum ejus, Psalms xcviii 5 ), Smaointe B. Chr. 5428 (see p. 307). ní ghríosfuinn aghaidh mbuinn mbáin, IGT Introd. 20 § 81.

Extended applications: hoof of horse: buinn na n-each, Keat. iii 1024. do[n] nesgoit boind . . . geir mairt . . . do chur 'na bond , Celtica ii 38 § 18 . sole (of shoe): bróg . . . / nar bhean tall a bél fa a b.¤ `whose upper was detached from its sole', Bard. Synt. Tr. 2.z . bunnaighe lethair = `leather soles', RSClára 114a . i mbonnaib bur nguailled (?) `in the bases of your shoulders', CCath. 5039. do sgar méidhe is bas re b.¤ ` trunk ' (Gloss.), Measgra D. 14.9 . Of trees, hills, etc.: ó bhonnaibh craobh n-uar n-iobhair, DDána 99.18 . i mbonnaibh beann / 's i gclochaibh aolta Éireann, 100.12 . ? fan mb.¤ ccaluidh, Bard. Synt. Tr. 1.6 .

In phrases: co torchratár bond fri bond ┐ méde fri méde, LU 6510 (TBC). ? co farggaib bond fri méide díb, LL 32302 ( TTr. 1490 ). co mbenadh bond fri medi ┐ medi fri aroile acu (of slaughter), Aen. 2230. an b.¤ ar an mb.¤ oile `one foot trips over the other', PBocht 16.29 . ro thuitseatar b.¤ ar bh.¤ , Duan. F. ii xxxix 62 . do bhí a bhiodhbha b.¤ ar bh.¤ , DDána 86.20 . lurech dé dum imdegail / ota m'ind gom bond (: brond), RC ii 113.4 . ó mullach a chinn conice a bonnaigib (form ?) (= corpus totum), Lat. Lives 84 § 78. o cennaib co bondaib `from head to foot', Cog. 152.11 . om chind codam bond , LL 370e48 = com' dá bonna, Arch. Hib. iv 207 § 18. o mullach co bond `his every joint and limb', Grail 2349 . ó bh.¤ go bathais, Parrth. Anma 1431. marcaigecht a ndiaid a b.¤ (of a corpse) `rides feet foremost', Ir. Review 1912, 250 § 12 . ? betit buind ri harissu, LL 9827 (TBC) = biait fuind fri airise, TBC-I¹ 2057.

Compds. With nouns: .x. mbenda bonn-adharc buabaill blaith `of trumpets' (Gloss.), Ériu ii 4.3 . bondbaine whiteness of foot, Prolegomena 43 § 26 . bonnc[h]osa bana (of fallen warriors), CCath. 6100.

With adjj.: don bondbáin (applied to B.V.M.), ZCP viii 563 § 19. do shluag bhoinnghel tolcha in trír ` white-footed ', O'Gr. Cat. 470.20. ar shluagh bhonnghlan chaomh Ó gC., DDána 95.21 . troigh bhoinnleasg as comhdha cean, 68.42 . ursa sluaigh bhoinnleasgaigh Bhreagh, 75.12 . lanbhile buinnlethan broad-trunked , Ériu v 182.18 . a bhuinnsheing aird fhorbhfáilidh, DDána 80.16 . brosgur bunn-luat[h] (bondluath, v.l.) . . . do tabairt gus na doirrsib `a quick-stepping . . . dash', Celt. Rev. iv 12.2 . With adj. derived from noun: le taoibh gach bhile bhuinnchleachtaigh ` crooked-trunked ' (see 2 clechtach), Aithd. D. 4.10 .

n o, m. coin, piece of money; groat (see Stud. Celt. ii 120 ): deich mboinn = ten pieces of silver, Luke xv 8 . leth-b. ar gach en tech do Tuaith Ratha (an assessment made by Máedóc of Ferns), BNnÉ 247 § 200 . b.¤ ┐ uinge d'ór a mBaile an ghleanna (in list of tributes, rents, etc.), Hy Fiach. 457.9 . da bond a mBaile i Leathain (item in rental), Trans. RIA xv 37.11 . b.¤ sa nga (fine levied for a missing spear), L. Chl. S. 31. nī fhuil ēnbh. d'iomorcaidh `a groat's worth' (Gloss.), O'R. Poems 2246. go ttabharthaoí dá mhart ar an mb.¤ , AFM v 1432.2 . b.¤ beó appar. of coin with the appearance of quicksilver , see béo and cf. bonngal (bonn geal) in Ware's Annals 1563 , AFM v 1432 n. b ; `white groat', Stud. Celt. ii 122 - 123 . nach aithnighit . . . in b.¤ tar in pingin ná in pingin tarsin mb.¤ (scribal note), O'Gr. Cat. 119.27. an cerrbach a taibeirne ag ól luacha an buind, BCC 85. With defining gen.: bond baistte (baptismal offering), BNnÉ 265 § 230 . bonn baisdeadha, Ériu v 98.37 . b.¤ chroise caoíle, L. Cl. A. B. 43.1 ( Stud. Celt. i 6 § 5. `cross-keele groat', featuring a wire-line cross, ii 120).

Later also medal: b.¤ `a medal or coin', b.¤ búidhe `a yellow medal', bon ruadh `a copper or brass medal', P. O'C. dia mbaoi b.¤ gach aiste im láimh `my hand held each essay's prize' (of contest in a bard's school), Ó Bruad. ii 102.8 .

n o, [n.] (3 brú) a s. bruäch, SR 7942. g. du. dā mbrūäch, Fianaig. 10.3 . Note also n p. bruaichi, TTebe 1801 . brúach m., IGT Decl. § 75. brúagh, n s. and d s., ex. 1575 , is a proscribed form. edge, brink; margin; bank, shore, border: b.¤ gl. margo, Sg. 61a11 , Ir. Gl. 947. bonnbach .i. bónd b.¤, iter bónd ┐ b.¤ bís, Corm. 22. iall . . . tri bruac[h] (bruan, v.l.) na seichi beos ┐ triasan asai `through the border of the hide' (on a bed) Ériu v 32.30 . re b.¤ mo phill, O'Gr. Cat. 453.30. brëo fri brūach `against a (shield-)rim', Ériu xx 192 § 1. dar brúach ṁbaire, LL 8333 `over the goal' on playing-field, TBC-LL² 773 . a hocht a mb.¤ dess in adnacthi `eight (lamps) to the right of the sepulchre', ZCP xvii 228.18 . for brúach in topair, Trip.² 1069. i mbrúch na haband, Fraech 192 . i mbruuch, 195 . fo brúch a bláth-buird `under the marge of its . . . bank', Metr. Dinds. iii 260.14 . Bóand do bruinni ar mbrúich braiss, 30.25 . Loch H. . . . ┐ bruacha arda [ime], Todd Nenn. 116.5 . ferais in tonn frisin m-b.¤ shore, MacCarthy 400.5 . álaind do brúach, do braine (to a stronghold), Metr. Dinds. iii 96.5 . ós brúachaib Carmuin `over the borders of . . . C.`, 12.10 . a thaibhgheoir bhruaigh Bhóroimhe (i.e. Mumha, Notes), O'Hara 1352. flaitheas Bréithne an bhrúaigh aoíbhinn, O'R. Poems 1610. a mbarr chleath bhrúigh bháinṠionna, IGT Decl. ex. 1586. la na mb.¤ ndub `day of the Black Borders', Ann. Conn. 1408.14 `the name of some day of mourning,' AFM iv 796.2 note. go gcuirfe an choir . . . / sruth an chígh ós chionn a bhrúigh will make the breast (of the Virgin) overflow, DDána 31.27 . coiccettal na ccuach . . . / ar b.¤ samhraidh, Reeves Ad. 274.21 . co bruac mbratha till brink of doom, BB 429b15 . dáig ni bráth dar b.¤ , LL 10333 (Táin 2893). da roibh bruacha na cneidhi gan at edges of the wound, Irish Texts v 4.5 .

Compds. With nouns: dogniat étaige . . . don bruachoirbir bís for duillib na crand (`moss', Manners and Customs iii 330 ), Alex. 613 = brutair, ZCP xxx 126.11 . a Bruachairne (n. loc.), RC xiv 426 § 46. isin mbruach-deredh ` rear' (of army, troops), Caithr. Thoirdh. 74.28 . go bruaichimlibh B., AFM vi 2148.9 . With adjj. and adjj. derived from nouns: do chrích B. bruachairdi, SG 70.18 . Brí Bruachbrecc (n. pr.), RC xlvii 292.16 , cf. Dinds. 126. don abhainn ina buindeadhaibh . . . bruachbristeacha, TBC St. 3238. all bruach-dhubh (tighe ifeirn), TSh. 6182 (in citation). cúirte bruachnochta `courts stripped bare', O'Gr. Cat. 452.9. a hóis phóigmhilis bhruaichtheirc bhláith of her . . . finely-drawn . . . mouth, Hackett² li 41. With part. gorbo bristi . . . bruach-rēbtha airm, ML² 267.

n g s. -a.

(a) person in bondage, slave : admider de .uii. cachta cichside crissa, secht moda mogu (sic) fíthe mórgníma moghsaine I adjudge therefor seven slaves which girdles will encircle(?) (judgement of Sencha), O'D. 2204 (Nero A vii, 141b), cf. c.¤ .i. cumal nó innillt, ut est secht cachta cichsite crissu, O'Dav. 345 . admiudur de secht cactu (.vii. cumala, LB) cichsite crísu, Corm. Bodl. 16 (s.v. mann). c.¤ .i. cumal .i. bantraill, O'Mulc. 265 . c.¤ .i. cumhal, O'Cl.

(b) bond , fetter; bondage, captivity, confinement : manimthair c.¤ na cumrech, SR 1280 . di ócbáe . . . / alloeg fo gaile cachta, 5427 . dosrat fo chrúach cachta, 6739 . fofuctha i cachtaib co cían / is in carcair co Iosíaph, 3264 . Petar fo ch.¤ cuibrig, Gorm. 1 . mo máthair do brith a c.¤ , Ériu iv 98.2 . is comus cachta berar [for] uisque hi tirib Gréc `power of impounding', Dinds. 128 ( RC xvi 80 ). rogabta i cact they were taken prisoners, AU i 336.11 . Of sieges: rogabadh c.¤ foraib i mMaen Chonain they were besieged, AU i 374.13 . slogad la D. . . . do ch.¤ for Gallu Atha Cliath `to besiege', 458.4 . ar a n-gabtis c.¤ dicein fris in longport, 434.20 . ? Of impounding cattle: [g]aibiut baetha cachta indliged, Laws ii 76.19 . ? Of obligatory service: ni dleaghar . . . cáin na c.¤ , Leb. Cert. 124.16 . ? is indligthech do rig na tecmalla dail cachta do indechad in uilc, H 3.18, 249.13 . Note also: fo chléire cachta, SR 5991 . cléir chachta `band of bondmen', Metr. Dinds. iii 158.17 .

(c) In fig. and extended uses. Duress, hardship; asceticism : da raibh i ngalur no i c.¤ , Ériu xix 8 § 9 . dogné túaslucud cachtae (cachta MS.) `practise deliverance from bondage' (rule for holy life), Ériu i 198.5 . robu inmuin c.¤ (of the religious life), 138.13 . fiad na slógaib i sír-ch.¤ `trance', Metr. Dinds. iii 224.14 . Esp. of fasting : iar sirc.¤ in chorgis `after the long privations of Lent', Mon. Tall. 156.6 (§ 68) . iar mbuaid cravaidh is cacta, Ériu xix 12 § 4 . c.¤ .i. trosgadh, O'Cl. c.¤ .i. gorta, Lec. Gl. 291 . Stowe Gl. 267 .

Constraint, compulsion (almost equivalent to gess, Plummer MS. notes): ro gaib Fuaimnech . . . c.¤ for rigraid Teamrach cin digh cin biadh . . . co ro ícdais i dalta fria, O'Curry 2361 ( Eg. 88, 28 (29)a ). c.¤ do gabail for rigraid Erann, 2363 (ib.).

Of the body (regarded as a prison after the fall): lecid mo chorp . . . / inna ch.¤ cen chumscu[gu]d, SR 2058 . Perh. also nocon alaind mar atai / cid ardotralaid hi c.¤ ? 1307 . luid . . . asa ch.¤ (of the death of Colum C.), LU 653 . a alt a olcc / a ch.¤ a chorp, IT iii 84 § 75 . mo brig brig ro scaich a c.¤ , YBL 316b19 . Note also: Lugaid . . . / rocrīch a c.¤ / fo gné glaine . . . his life, ZCP xii 379.21 .

(d) Various: ós Charmun c.¤ , Metr. Dinds. iii 8.87 . ro cuiread in cath go c.¤ , Todd Nenn. lxix 23 ( BB 43b11 ). Cf. c.¤ common, general ; fa c.¤ generally , O'R.

Common in chevilles: a Christ cen ch.¤ , ZCP i 497.9 . rotfīa mo chen-sa cin c.¤ , vi 266 § 7 . búaid cen ch.¤ , LU 3753 ( SCC 54 ). bad adba chaingen can ch.¤ , SG 366.29 . Críst . . . mór da c.¤ , BS 32 . deoda in c.¤ , Fél. xxv § 7 . cialla c.¤ , SR 2335 . caṅgnib gleraib, gloraib c.¤ , 4569 . fo chucht c.¤ , 6169 . cuairt c.¤ , 6551 .

As n. pr. C.¤ mac Ilguine, ZCP viii 217 § 6 .

In n. loc. rí Cairn Chachta, LL 24089 .

Compd. cēsud do c[h]uirp c[h]achtbāin pale from bondage, ZCP viii 232 § 3 .

n o, [m.] later m. (1 cara).

(a) friendship; alliance : nírob mebul less mo ch.¤ friendship with me, Wb. 30a6 . in caratrid gl. amicitiae, Ml. 30d18 . c.¤ gl. familiaritas, 58b11 . intamail caratraid gl. similatione amicitiae, 61c8 . do chuinchid for caratraid, LU 3338 ( SCC 13 ). muna tucthar do ara c.¤ `through friendship', BCrólige 24 n. 4 . ro búi snaidhm caradraidh atarru ┐ Poimp bond of alliance, CCath. 1643 . do grad indmais no caradraidh gain or favour, Maund. 25 . dogníatt c.¤ annsein `covenant', BColm. 88.5 . is olc liom an caradradh so ó Ch. `ill I deem this friendship from C.', CRR² 46 . ? Cf. duine comaithech, ┐ ni c.¤ , Laws v 478.11 Comm. Gramm.: ataid focail dibh sin ┐ ní fuil caradrad ferindsgni riu acht se (= sé) do radh riu (of nouns inflected as f. with which a m. pron. is used), IGT Metr. Faults § 130 . Note also: nirbot cairdemail ┐ nirbot caratradh imoroile, Hugh Roe² 42.13 (leg. perh. -aidh here and in next ex.). no bhérdaoís a mbáire o robtar caradradh fri aroile, AFM v 1860.6 .

Of sexual alliance: commaranic caradrad irse `intercourse by tryst', Mon. Tall. 153.22 . co tarla ina caratradh, gur'bo torrach hí, Moling 5 . fri caradrad na mban ┐ na sacart, SG 48.7 . With synonyms: mallach[t] . . . a charatraid ┐ a chardessa fair, TBC-LL¹ 2162. 2176 . an muinnteardhas ┐ an caradradh, Desid. 4697 .

Folld. by prep. FRI: cid ara ndluthid c.¤ friu, Wb. 27a30 . c.¤ . . . frinn `friendship towards us', Ml. 115d5 . oenḟer coṅgeib commond ┐ c.¤ frim-sa, TBC-LL¹ 2151 . an lucht risa mbi caradradh colna dhuit, Ériu xiii 45.21 . Michel frisa raibe a charadrad, Fél. 12.4 . ro chenglattar a ccumann ┐ a ccaratradh le ceile, BNnÉ 251.19 . comhartha caradraigh Dé ris na daoinibh, Beatha S. F. 1722 . As descript. gen.: ra clóiset cuir caratraid, LL 10521 (TBC). a fer cara[d]raid fein `personal friend', Ann. Conn. 1227.2 . fa fer cumainn ┐ carattraidh dó Colaim Cille, BNnÉ 257.10 .

Also perh. friendly surroundings, circumstances : á c.¤ .i. nech bed chare do gl. quos . . . necessitudo coniunxerat, Ml. 29c16 . amal dungní nech són c.¤ du etuch dia ditin ar huacht `as a man forms a friendship for a garment', 90d3 gl. tanquam uestimento síc amicarentur (for amicirentur) creminibus.

(b) blood or marriage relationship : ba facus dino a c.¤, .i. Crist ┐ Eoin, LB 144b56 . faccus a charadrad dó . . . .i. mac a meic, Acall. 4698 . is hé ba foicsi carotrad dóa his nearest relation, TTr.² 1631 . cleamnus ┐ caradrad, TTebe 677 . do c[h]ongbáil a caradraid ┐ a clemhnasa re C., ML² 900 . ? Cf. ní féchand do chol ná do caradradh, De Contemptu 1584 .