n = Lat. aqua: a.¤ uite (.i. uisge betha[d]), ZCP v 489 § 14 .

adj (achtáil) active: in betha actalta a menma (sic leg.) i n-ar ┐ i mbuain do-gres, PH 3548 .

n io, n. Later f. vn. of ad-gair. a s. acre, Wb. 9c20 . g s. accrai, Laws v 372.7 . d s. acru, LL 353a76 . agra f. IGT Decl. § 3 . Verbs § 47 . Later also acrad.

Act of suing, prosecuting, bringing an action, urging a claim; action, suit, process (with gen. of the matter of the suit and FOR (AR) of the person sued): tagra quasi dagra .i. dā n-agra bīs ann, Corm. Y 1259 . acra gl. actio, Ir. Gl. 869 . ní bethe fria acre, ye should not be seeking redress for it, Wb. 9c20 . ce na (= no) betha ac acra ar nech dul ara nurlainn, Laws iii 252.19 . gu nach urasa cin d'agra for a tigernaib `it is not easy to sue their lords for trespasses', iv 222.1 Comm. cach foghail do genu se . . . ciamad ail a nacera for aite `though one should wish to sue his fosterer for them', ii 170.4 Comm. ni bi acraidi faesam .i. nocha bi a.¤ athgabala don ti bis ar faesam neich . . . .i. fer bis for faesam ní tualaing acra the person who is under protection may not be sued? i 102.x , 104.24 Comm. ticfa d'acra a dala `to prosecute his cause', 6.22 . do buing agru ericc suing exacts compensation, ii 14 z . featactain agra na ratha `attempt to sue the surety', v 226.31 Comm. fethem . . . agamsa dot agra sa, i 294.7 Comm. ma docuaid in grad feine d'acrad in graid flatha, 112 y . acrudh do dénum ┐ indliged do denum oc in agra sin, ii 66.9 . ni tuasluce nach suire . . . bes isle agra bes uaisle enech, 36.z. ac acra uatha suing from them, v 120.30 . ai naccrai the matter of the suit, 372.7 . fuil setaibh acrai inerce `a wound (inflicted) in the cause of levying a payment due', Ériu xii 50 § 63 . ag agra goidi ┐ braidi when suing a case of theft and plunder, Laws v 42.18 Comm. acra bor[b]luchuis, ii 16.7 Comm. cuir ┐ cundartha . . . d'acrau forin conair fugill is cert, Cóic Con. 20 § 13 . fer na hagra the plaintiff, O'D. 570 ( H 3.17, 440-1 ). di ēis ind fir acrai, ZCP xv 322 § 15 n. 1 . ae an fir acra, Laws v 306.10 Comm. soiri domnaig . . . gin acrai gan brethemnus, Anecd. iii 21.4 . nócon ainfe ingrimm ┐ acrae dííbh ca bráth, Trip.² 2218 . frithchuires dím accra olcu amhuinsi, ZCP vi 258.4 . gabais M. . . . ic acra a cor, LL 221b27 ( TTr. 330 ). itú ic triall a acrai ḟort I am suing thee for it, LL 14136 . lucht a éaraca dá agra orra to sue them for his eric, ML 132.7 . badur . . . og agra a comairci ar in rig they were demanding the king's protection, YBL 172b20 . teid dagra a shlana ar O'nDomnaill to make claim on O'D. for violating his surety, L. Chl. S. § 17 . dolluid . . . Lactain . . . do acru in gníma sin co flaith to complain of that deed, LL 353a76 . gan a bhás d'agradh ar neach `not to demand retribution from anyone for his death', Keat. ii 5192 . d'agra airdchíosa ar Chúigeadh Laighean `to exact', iii 3082 . ag agra fhiach claiming a debt, Dán Dé xxvi 12 . ro bhaoí ua N. ag agra blaidhe don dúthaigh fuair Niall ó Domhnaill on righ, AFM vi 2350.7 . ná ro cumhaing Ua N. an fearann dagra ó chert, .14 . an lá thiocfas triath na n-aingeal d'agra a chéasda sa chroich, A. Ó Dálaigh xliv 9 . oca agra (sic leg.) gurbhó dalta dhósom ó Domnaill `urging', Hugh Roe 48.10 (fo. 13a) . do brud . . . in domain . . . is d'acra ar a cend `to take vengeance on it', Cog. 180.4 . iomdha agra nach admhaim `many charges I confess not' (i.e. do not plead guilty to), Dán Dé iv 3 . gach agra dá bhfuil againn ┐ gach leathscéal dá bhfuil agaibhsi, Maguires of F. 74 . báttar . . . ag aighnes ima naccarthaibh for aroile they were disputing as to their claims, AFM vi 2166.z. teit accra ann, an action lies in that case, PH 7612 . Cill Baird i Laignib ní agra i.e. undoubtedly Mart. Don. xxxix 16 . Of the thing claimed: re h-iarraid na hagra, MR 264.11 . Of challenging in battle: cenn cosnama . . . Erenn ar uaill ┐ ar agra, MR 96.3 .

v Usually given as compd. of aigid ( Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 451 ), but in conjunct position -aig only is found. Perh. orig. ad-aig, -aig, a verb of the type described GOI § 543 (a) (ro-cluinethar etc.). Hence ad-aig here with deut. forms only and without vn. In mid. Ir. very common with tautological inf. pron. 3 s.m. (atn-aig). See aigid.

Indic. pres. 3 s. a-tom-aig, Wb. 10d26 . a-tob-aich, 9c20 . 3 pl. a-tn-agat, TBFr. 273 . Pass. sg. adagar, BB 252b27 . Pl. adagatar, Críth G. 93 . Ipv. 2 s. a-tn-aig, TBC-I¹ 935 . Indic. impf. 3 pl. ad-aigtis, MR 256.24 . Subj. impf. 3 s. ad-n -agad, Laws v 466.5 . Pass. sg. atagtha, Ériu ii 122 § 63 . Fut. 3 s. a-tan-ebla, Sc.M² § 3 . 3 pl. adeblad, RC xxi 382.12 v.l. pret. 3 s. adacht, LL 4899 . 3 pl. adachtatár, LU 5344 . atachtsat, Leb. Gab.(i) 116.16 . Pass. sg. adacht, LL 13608 . Pl. adachta, Dinds. 128 ( RC xvi 80 ). Later as simple vb. at(n)aigid.

(a) drives, impels to (DO): cid atobaig dó `what impels you to it?' Wb. 19d10 . is foirbthetu hirisse attotaig do neoch dogní `we know it is perfection of faith that impels thee to what thou doest', 6c16 . cid atobaich cen dílgud cech ancridi dognethe frib `what impels you not to forgive every injury that may have been done to you?', 9c20 . dílmaine aisndísen atannaig[n]i do, Ml. 93d12 . ar is ainbfius ┐ seimple adidnuid do, Laws i 94.7 . adaig a mmairtorad do digh `the produce of the sea impels one to drink', Ériu xii 20 § 25 . atnaig G. dó assin tig G. drove him out of the house, LL 13590 . atnaig dó for teiched, 13610 . Of driving animals etc.: fer adaig secht mbu i tir a cheile, Laws iii 128.2 . fer idaig cethra . . . ina fér . . . amail bid a cethra fodesin adnagad ind, v 466.4 . at-nagar gamain istech die marbad, Ériu vii 198 § 6 . ad-nagar cæra histech, 199 § 7 = doberar, 6 §§ 6, 7 . atnaigset na huain . . . docum a mmaithrech, Lism. L. 86 . adnaig tar fot cruach i nardnimed `he brings him away over gory sod into a high sanctuary', Ériu xii 83.14 . adacht Laigniu he drove the Leinstermen before him, LL 4899 . a.¤ i tenid sets on fire : adachtatár in crích hi tenid, LU 5344 (TBC). Note also: atan-ebla i luim luaith who will reduce us to bare ashes, Sc.M² 3 . ? adadar (adagar v.l.) tene ind, Trip.² 605 . atasaigid hi tenid, Cymmr. xiv 114.13 .

(b) pushes, thrusts, places, puts: ataig in cendáil occo isin sudi faire he puts the head beside him, LU 9093 ( FB § 84 ). benais mír don staic . . . ┐ ataig . . . ina beol, MacCongl. 65.11 ( LB 217a28 ). atnaig in di oibill . . . isin tellach, adnaidh a formna re comlaidh in dorois, Aen. 2296 . roadnacht F. grainne n-oir fo slinnen [a maic], ZCP ii 134 § 4 (form influenced by ad-anaig). atnaig C. foí atherruch C. thrusts him under it again (of wrestling in water), LU 5232 (TBC) = TBC-I¹ 755 . ataig a bratt tairsiu a triur, IT ii2 210.65 . ce at agtha fo claideb `though they were put to the sword', Ériu ii 122 § 63 . atnaigh-sium a mher tharse plied his finger over it (of playing the harp), RC vi 183.15 . atagat láim tairsiu they ravage them LL 231b5 ( TTr. 1046 ). atagat . . . cath cróda they prosecute a valiant fight TFerbe 741 . atnaig a bendachtain for Jacob, LB 114a5 . a.¤ aithne (for) recognises: ad-n-aig Corpre Músc aithne conarb' é Mac Con 'Corpre Músc realized that it was not Mac Con', CMMucr. (CCA) 92 § 13 . atnaigh in ingen aichne fair, IT i 126.9 .

(c) inflicts, imposes on (FOR): ataigh Midir . . . tri plagha foraibh, BB 390a39 . ataig cummasc . . . forsna slúagu `he caused the slaughter of the hosts', TTr.² 1480 . atachtsat (.i. tucsat) doeire forra, Leb. Gab.(i) 116.16 . atnagar rátha ┐ nadmand tenna . . . for muintir C. fria comall, MacCongl. 23.3 . ataigtis ratha airib / secht n-airig ata inir, LL 2596 . cach nidnacul .i. adanaig fair in flaith, O'Curry 830 (H 3.18, 380b). attaig Moysi forro in dam orda . . . do merliugud M. obliges them to destroy (?) the golden calf, BB 241a47 = atnaig, LB 120a37 . YBL 291a27 .

(d) proffers, gives: tescaid . . . in clérech a lúdain de ┐ atnaig don filid, Fél. 70.9 . ataig in poíc di ar dig, LL 4598 = dorat ind póice dí ar dig, Ériu iv 102.2 . adnaig side grád don gilla, RC v 200 § 15 . atnagar biad doib, MR 10.12 . ataig cuit cach trir, LU 1816 . atnagar cennacht macraidi Ulad do Choin Chulaind, LU 10494 . atnaghar doib Cú na cles `C. is surrendered to them', Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss. i 44.22 . adnaigh .i. tabairt nó tidlacad ut est atnaigh uait surrender it, O'Dav. 131 . Of giving a blow: ataig taithbéim dia claidiub dóib, LU 3264 ( SCC § 6 ). atnaig T. bulli do, LL 329a7 .

(e) carries, brings: ataig C. lais ina fúair d'ór, TFerbe 745 . atnaig corp a athar leiss, LU 2796 . atnagad leo cen fhis they take him with them, YBL 139a45 .

(f) raises, puts forth (cry, shout): atreset iarsin ┐ dobérat (atbelat, adeblad, addeablatt v.l. ) an óengáir eisib, RC xxi 382.12 and n. andar lat batar fir betha adaigdis breisim foé Ériu xii 178 § 7 . atnagat a ṅgol, TBFr. 273 . ataig a díchelta ass he gives forth his secrets, LU 4457 . atnaig a gloim n-archon for aird, LL 12897 .

(g) a.¤ mnaí takes a wife (cf. do-beir m.): atnaigh mnai an Dunchada `he married the wife of D.', TFrag. 56.9 .

(h) undertakes, sets about, begins (with oc and vn.): atnagait (leg. ata-agat, Stories from Táin) . . . oc imtrascrad they set to wrestling, LU 5230 (TBC). atagat (atberat v.l. Ériu iv 102.41 ) ca rád ra Níall / dul don tiprait . . ., LL 4604 . attaig Isac ac lamachtad a láimí, BB 236b18 . atnaig oc blassachtaig `he began smacking his lips', MacCongl. 47.12 . Note also: atnaig in druí . . . for imthecht, Metr. Dinds. iv 60.29 . adnaig for iarraidh A `he went in search of A', Aen. 2656 .

(i) goes, proceeds: atnaig Ethne fades, LU 4465 . adnaig remib co Mag nGlass he sets out at their head to Mag nGlass, Ériu v 236.64 . atnaig E. i cocud crúaid `E. departs to stern strife', Metr. Dinds. iv 68.129 . adnaigh 'san imruagadh `he betook himself to flight', Aen. 2846 . atnaig and lá n-óen i m-boith aroli meic lēgind he goes into the cell of a certain student, MacCongl. 53.21 . atnagat uile inna agaid fadeoig, RC v 199 § 8 . atnagat (do chuiriter v.l.) nói do chauradaib ina dochum dia marbad, Otia ii 86 § 4 . atnaigim isin cuchtair, MacCongl. 91.17 . ataigimm isin tech mor, z 0 . Impers. atnagar hi cend breithi do breith they proceed to judge, 21.13 .

(adaltair)

I As adj. o, ā adulterous: mná adaltracha, LU 2219 ( FA § 29 ). in t-í ro-p a.¤ co ru-b genmnaid, PH 5619 . dia mbat sáithech . . . bidat úallach, a.¤ , ZCP vii 298.17 .

II n As subst. m. and f. adulterer; adulteress: fornicarius . i. adhalltrach, Ir. Gl. 619 . do adhaltrachaib in betha , O'Dav. 121 . ar chor oile . . . chéastar an t-adhaltrach, TSh. 6482 . Fig. Mael-Sechlainn . . . a.¤ uallach Uisnigh proud adulterer (i.e. usurper) of U., MacCarthy 426 § 5 . In Laws freq. contrasted with cétmuinter. fuil fearus cetmuindtir oc etach techta for adhaltraigh do taet for a ceand, Laws v 142.7 . is fiachach cach a.¤ do-t[h]et for cend cetmuintire, Stud. in E. Ir. Law 49 § 23 . as-renar laneraic . . . i cetmuinter . . . leithe(i)raic mad adaltracha (i n-adultrucha, v.l.), 71 § 35 . meic na adaltraige urnadma . . . mac na adaltraige foxail, Cóic Con. 44 § 71 . a.¤ urnadma co macu, Ir. Recht 54.31 . in inbaid bis clann cetmuinntire ┐ fine, no clann cetmuinntire ┐ clann adaltraige, no clann cetmuinntire ┐ fear adaltraige gin clainn it da trian do clainn cetmuintire ┐ trian do cach æ dib so, 53 § ix . in a.¤ co macaib a roga di inn e a fer no a fine no a mac do-gena tobach di . . . in cetmuinter nochon-uil a roga di acht a fer do tobach, 59 § xiii . adaltracha iarna urnaidm, Laws v 480.17 . cor mna sech a celi .i. in a.¤ cen clainn, Laws i 52.32 Comm. tiucfaid in cetmuinnter fo coruib ┐ cidh adhaltrach hi, ticfaid a fear, v 226.11 Comm. arna tucthar cland a.¤ na ban taide don eclais, Laws iii 38.20 Comm.

n (*ad-fo-clos?) o, [later u?].

(a) pomp, vainglory: do adbchlois (g s.) gl. pompae Ml. 40d19 . nīb ar adbchloss do dōinib, ba ar Dia gacha ndēne `for glory before men', Ériu ii 172 § 5 . im anudh menmon um adhbclosaib in betha , Laws v 130.3 Comm. erchra in t-saegail i n-a gloir ┐ i n-a ádbchlos, PH 3983 . no ḟodhladh gach ní fagaibedh ar adbclos ó doinibh, Aisl. Tond. 93 § 1 . díumas ┐ ádclos ┐ bocasach, LB 235a38 . cen a.¤ cen athmaithium, 261a77 . in doman cona adbclossaib, ZCP iii 453.24 .

(b) In good sense glory, praise, fame: ar adbch[l]os ┐ ar a áne (gloss on: ar adbud), ACC 121 ( RC xx 400 ). ? conid fri súan senbath srethaib cerd adbchlosaib erred, LU 10258 (rhetoric). ba faoilidh fri Golam, ar aoi a adhbhclois ┐ a oirrdercais, Leb. Gab.(i) 226.31 . a lleith oinigh ┐ adhbchlossa, ALC ii 368.19 . ní clú fás . . . adhbhchlos ingine Uaitéir, MS. Mat. 565.34 . go ngloir ┐ go n-adbc[h]loss don Athoir, Fl. Earls 160.2 . adhbchlos .i. áoibhneas, O'Cl.

n iā, f. (adéitig) great ugliness; horror: scaraim fris in cel ar a adetchi gl. abominor, Lib. Hymn. 44 n.l . ar a adeitchi, O'D. 2387 ( Rawl. B. 506, 47d ). leth coirpdire (.i. ar adeitche) (of bodily disfigurements), Laws iii 348.14 Comm. adetge lais in ugdur athgabail do gabail, ii 94.4 Comm. amail is adheitci gair cumha, O'Curry 2474 (Eg. 88, 38 (39) c) . is do adheitchibh in betha , O'Dav. § 121 . is amhlaid do bhí fodein granna adheitche ar gcoimelt taois tsecoil fuithe 'and she herself was ugly and repulsive, having rubbed rye dough over herself' ZCP xxxvi 71 , 76 n. 2 .

v (* ad-suid-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 637 ). Indic. pres. 1 s. atsuidhim, O'Curry 1066 ( H 3.18, 440b ). 2 s. adsudi, Ml. 114c6 . 3 s. a-t-suidi, Sg. 66a20 . a-ta-suidi, 64b3 . -asstai, Ml. 114a19 . 3 pl. ad-suidet, Sg. 4b15 . Pass. sg. ad-suiter. Ml. 68d5 . ad-dom-suiter, Thes. ii 3.33 . -astaider, Sg. 3a4 . Pl. ad-suidetar, ZCP xiii 22.11 . adsuighidter, Laws iv 142.z Comm. 144.2 Comm. -astaiter, i 30.27 . Ipv. 2 s. asta, LU 2983 . 3 s. -astad, Wb. 10d7 . Subj. pres. 2 s. adsode, Wb. 10a9 . a-ta-sode, 10 . -astae, Ml. 55a19 . 3 s. -asta, Ml. 126a6 . 3 pl. -astat, Wb. 29a16 . Pass. sg. with ro: mad roastar , Ériu vii 154 § 3 . Subj. impf. 3 pl. -astatais, Laws iii 2.2 . Fut. 3 s. adsuife, CMT² 30 § 29 n. Pass. s. -astaibther, Laws i 192.4 Comm. Pret. and perf. 3 s. adrosoid, Ml. 97d16 . atrosoid, 39a16 . adsaidh, O'Curry 469 ( H 3.18, 246 ). Pass. sg. adrodad, Laws i 52.3 . = atroadh, O'D. 19 ( H 3.17, col. 397 = CIH v 1897.11 , Contract Law 222 ). Pl. -asta, Lism. L. 2514 . roasta, LL 22122 . Part. astide gl. adpensum, Ml. 20a22 . Vbl. of necess. astaithi, Laws v 286.11 Comm. Vn. astad, fastód.

Later as simple vb. astaid, fastaid, fostaid. Also astaigid (fastaigid, fostaigid). Cf. fostaid, fostaigid. Occas. with long vowel in second syll.: fastóid, LU 2109 . -astád, TTr.² 1141 (see under fostaid). IGT Verbs § 64 , § 80, 106 . See also assoith.

(a) stops, holds back, detains, hinders: nach nastad in cretmech `let the believer not detain him', Wb. 10a7 . ci atasode lat ar écin `though thou keep her with thee perforce', 10a10 . atrosoid gl. (se mali uicisitudine) suspenderit, Ml. 39a16 . ni astaider ┐ ni timmorcar fri slond nintliuchta gl. quae a nullo affectu mentis proficiscitur, Sg. 3a4 . atomsuide serc Dé, IT iii 51 § 95 . adrodad fri less na túad / isin port co bráth it has been detained for the good of the people, Trip.² 786 . asta dinetan fort cind stop a little while, LU 2983 . timchellaid . . . múr . . . ┐ fastóid (astaid, v.l.) anmand inna pectach, LU 2109 ( FA 17 ). coro asta na heonu cen togairad C. so that the birds were prevented from calling to C., LL 22122 . im amus ceneoil do denam de dus i n-astaibther no tuilithe do radh ris to know whether he will be kept or be regarded as an interloper, Laws i 192.4 Comm. dia mbed da clad íme . . . adsuitear leo `he is restrained by them', iv 158.3 Comm. . . . eoin ┐ énluithe Leithi Mogha do thiachtain cuigi isin crainnsin co n-asta uile acasom, Lism. L. 2514 . o samain co medón erraig ro hast ind imguin ultu, RC vi 188.15 . astaid da n-ag dibh he seizes two deer, v 200 § 12 . mad roastar cach mil díb i mbethu lasin merlech if each of these animals be detained alive, Ériu vii 154 § 3 . Intrans: asdofe (gl. no adsuife) ant ór ina broinn 'the gold will stick in his belly', CMT² 30 § 29 .

(b) Legal fixes, makes permanent or legal, binds, establishes: ni astat nadmann in diupairt bonds do not bind such a fraudulent arrangement, ZCP xiii 22.29 ( Bürgschaft 10 ). cenisnasta naidm na raith adasuidhe dliged law establishes them, 24.1 (§ 39). astud cáich hi coruib bel, ar ro buí in biuth i mbailiuth mani astaitis cuir bél if verbal contracts were not binding, ZCP xvi 176 § 6 ( Laws i 40.24 ). man[i] astat cuir bel . . . cia beth dono cuir bel and adsuidet adi, Laws ii 130.2 Comm. atsuiter cuir bél la Feine amuil ad-rodad Adam ina derbdubairt: at-bath in biuth uile ar aenuball `as Adam was bound by his deception' (i.e. the Fall was considered as a contract whereby Adam exchanged the immortality of man for an apple), ZCP xvi 177 § 13 . fosuid cach aititiu adsuidet folaid, Laws iii 10.8 . cona ndilsi feibh as dech atsaitar (no atsuitar) dilsi, Ériu ii 4 n. 46 . atait .x. nailche annscuichthecha atsuidet cach ndilsi, O'Curry 416b ( H 3.18, 229a ). ?adsuighe crích cadesin . . . ar id comarda criche insin that defines a `crích', Laws iv 142.24 . With FRI and FOR: it e trénailche in sin frisa n-astaiter bretha in betha for those are the strong rocks to which the judgements of the world are bound fast (i.e. which support the law), ZCP xvi 175 § 1 ( Laws i 30.27 ). nī nī nach breth berar . . . nad fri hapstal n-uasal n-astaigther (nascaider v.l.) i.e. no judgement is effective unless a holy apostle guarantees it(?), Corm. Y 1224 ( Anecd. iv 106.19 ). adsuidetar tra frisna [na]dmann so ┐ ni diuprat, is de ata adsuidet naidmann ┐ ni diuprat they are held binding (as valid) by these `naidms' but the latter do not guarantee fraud; therefore it is said `naidms' bind but do not cheat, ZCP xiii 22.11 ( Bürgschaft 9 § 25 ). is misech maine astaithur fri som(m)uine n-aircendcha he is entitled to do this when he is not bound by dues already given, ZCP xv 248 § 6 ( Laws ii 210.15 ). Cf. also: at-chíu a chlaideb . . . ina intiuch . . . conid fri crúaid n-aurrdric n-aister, BDD² 1037 . ni asta rudrad rugnassa . . . manab for ailchib udhpart astaiter, O'Curry 2471 (Eg. 88, 38a2). nach breath nad astaiter fors nach aei (i.e. on `fír' and `dliged'), Laws v 10.4 . Note also: atasuidi for sobus íar córus fine `he holds them (viz. the aforesaid dependents) fast to good conduct (i.e. he must see that they fulfil their legal duties)', Críth G. 341 and note. adsuide fis .i. dia festar for nech olc do denamh adsuidhe fiacha(ib) fair it makes him liable to fines, O'Curry 483 ( H 3.18, p. 251 ). cia met i n-astaither cach dib `to what extent each of them is confirmed in his rights', Laws iv 344.8 . Note also: mani astat in da recht peccad foir unless the two laws convict him of sin, Wb. 29a16 . With IN-: atsuidi neutur isnaib anmannaib in es a n-accomol fri neutur i n-immognom `their connexion with a neuter in construction establishes the neuter in the nouns in -es', Sg. 66a20 .

n i f. (Lat. abecedarium PTBA 126, 152, 160 . On phonetic value of the consonants see GOI p. 567 ). In O.Ir. indecl. in sg. n p. apgitri, Wb. 19d12 . d p. apgitrib, 19d5 . Later g s. na haibgitrech , Auraic. 315 . abgitrech, Lib. Hymn. i 6.124 . ? Later m. LEIA A-8 , Celtica viii 44 n. 3 .

(a) alphabet: tri gné forsin apgitir, BCr. 33a8 (Thes. ii 20.37). ord abbgitir dorat forsna consona, Sg. 23b5 , 24a10 . iar n-urd apgitrech, LB 237a21 . fo numir apgitrech na nEbraide, Ériu xi 105.11 . ciodh as aibghitear ann?, IGT Introd. 1.3 . ó Éireannchaibh fuaradar na Sacsanaigh aibghidir ar dtús, Keat. i 66.1 . aibghitre na dtrí bprímhbhéarladh, ii 101 . an leitir dhéidheanach d'aibghitir nahEabhra , TSh. 713 .

(b) set of alphabetical symbols: ó ro scríb abbgitir dó, Ériu xviii 18 § 24 . scribais P. abgitir dó, Trip.² 1246 = abbgitir, 1269 . tri cét abgitrech roscrib, Trip. ii 552.5 ( LL 352 marg. inf. ). benair aibghitir ogaim ┐ a.¤ ua (leg. uad) .i. tiasca ai i nainm De, O'Curry 985 (H 3.18, p. 424b). ni saithi cen aipgitri `there are no sages without alphabets', Auraic. 387 .

(c) Fig. beginnings, elements: abgitir crabaith gl. elimenta . . . sermonum Dei, Wb. 33c13 (cf. the text Apgitir Crábaid, ZCP iii 447 . For A.¤ in Betha see Jn. Celt. Stud. ii 173 ff ). apgitri gl. elimenta, 19d12 . aipgiter .i. tinscetal nó bunadh, ut est cetheora aibgitre gaisi, O'Dav. 1 ( Triads 251 ). créud as aibghitir sbioradālta ann?, Parrth. Anma 6286 . do tinnscnadh a.¤ na himresna `the ABC of the business was begun', Caithr. Thoirdh. 41.17 .

adj o, ā (ailemain): na baill aileamnacha the organs of nutrition, YBL 350b35 . beatha re n-abur a.¤ ┐ betha re n-abur motuightech `the life that is called nutritive', Rosa Angl. 124.21 . biada ailemnacha `nutritious', 154.16 . an flichidhecht oilemhnach, O'Gr. Cat. 249.32 . follamnugad a.¤ , Irish Texts i 49.3 .

n Form and inflection variable. (i) n s. ainces, Ériu v 94.24 . aingcess, LU 8215 . a s. ainces, Trip.² 172 . g s. Aṅgciss (n.pr.) (: riss), LL 3281 , (: geiss, 3353 ). n p. aingcessa, LU 10831 = ainchesa, Ériu xii 178 § 9 (TE2.) (see below). a p. aincesa, Laws v 352.20 . angcessa, Ériu i 218 § 3 . (ii) n s. aincis, LU 6144 ( TBC-I¹ 1657 ). aṅceiss, RC xiii 446 § 27 . ingcis, Ériu iv 54 § 25 . an aingcis , TSh. 3303 . a s. aiṅgciss, TBC-I¹ 263 ( aingcess, LU 4754 ). ainciss, Metr. Dinds. iv 242.30 . aṅceiss, ZCP xi 83 § 28 . g s. aingcisi, BNnÉ 128.27 . angcisi, 126.33 . n p. aṅgcissi, LL 3366 . (iii) ainches (perh. separate word, cf. ceis f. = ceist, Contribb. p. xxvi s.v. cesach) a s. ainchios, A IV 1, 98.10 . d s. ainches, Ériu xii 186 § 18 (TE2). n p. ánchesa, 178 § 6 (ib.). d p. anchesuib, Laws ii 66.15 .

(a) pain, ailment, complaint: ní no ícad a ances (: les), LU 4292 . a nol meda dí dobreth / nī bo ances cech thucai `'twas no hurt whoever gave it', Thes. ii 347.4 (Hy. v) .i. ni bu domain, 348.26 . cethri . . . cen tedmann cen aṅceiss (aṅces foraib, v.l.), ZCP xi 83 § 28 . forithin gach angcisi etar dáoinibh ┐ cethraibh, BNnÉ 126.33 . ós siabhradh meallta meise / gan súil éirghe ón aincis-se, Dánta Gr. 47.58 . tréde neimthigedar liaig: dígallræ, díainme, comchissi cen ainchiss (ainces, v.l.) `a painless examination', Triads 119 (? or under (c) infra, certain diagnosis). Frequ. in association with galar: ro ícc cech ngalar ┐ cech n-a.¤ , Trip.² 172 . is ed fotera galar ┐ angcessa forsna clanna, Ériu i 218 § 3 . gallra ┐ aincesa, Laws v 352.20 . Note also: [fer] . . . don fainicc galar nainches, an unknown disease(?), RC iii 344.20 ( n-ainchis, Aisl. Óeng. 47 § 4 ); ?leg. galar ┐ ainces (but cf. (c) infra). saíba ┐ mortlada, ┐ gallra, ancessa for tuatha, ZCP xi 89 § 18 . Cf. galar .i. gnáthach ┐ aincis .i. ingnathach, O'Dav. 1049 . a sore: gerr ┐ loisg an aingcis 'cut and burn the sore' Celtica ii 34 § 8 .

(b) difficulty, trouble, vexation, annoyance: bid aingcess la Ultu in dal so do gleód it will be impossible, LU 8215 ( FB 16 ). ba aincis mór lei an ro bíth leis día slógaib she was greatly disturbed, 6144 (TBC). ba aingcess laiss in dál dodfánic he was perplexed about the matter, 8774 ( FB 58 ). is torcda . . . no taí frim mor decrai ┐ mór aingcessa do thabairt form, 10831 = mórdhecrai ┐ mórainchesa `to lay such hardship and infliction upon me', Ériu xii 178 § 9 (TE2.). iarsain imsaitis for deis / cen sil n-úabair na haincceiss, SR 1126 . noco tucad cucci ríam aṅceiss bud doilgiu leo `a more grievous annoyance', RC xiii 446 § 27 . cach aincis tar a racha a furtacht . . . dó, Acall. 6778 . agh ┐ accais ┐ aingces, LL 404b24 . ní ruirmiu . . . a tainic de ancessaib Eireann, AFM ii 600.17 . aingcis .i. mallachd, O'Cl. Fig. Of persons etc.: o 'tcuala . . . in n-ainceis sin (i.e. Antaeus) icc indredh na hAffraicci, CCath. 2920 . na hamaiti ┐ na haincisi atá ac milliud in tiri, Acall. 6767 . Of weather: bile Tortan trom a ḟúaim / fri hainciss síne rorúaid, Metr. Dinds. iv 242.30 . ro ferastur tromsneachta mor ┐ aincis ḟuardachta ar in cóiced, Acall. 3508 .

(c) doubt, difficulty, perplexity (frequ. ainches in this meaning): cid dogenaidh . . . don ainches doforfainicc `what will you do because of the doubt that has come upon you?' Ériu xii 186 § 18 (TE2.). do ceist ┐ do ances for Senchān in scēl sin S. was perplexed and uncertain about that story (the Táin), ACL iii 4.18 . fer dana . . . do ná bi ces na a.¤ i gcetheoruibh rannuibh fis filidhechta, Ériu xiii 18.10 ; cf. O'Dav. 409 : ces .i. gnáthach, a.¤ .i. ingnáthach [ut est] dí na bí ces na a.¤ i cetheoraib randaib fesa na filidechta (so in etymol. gloss on éces: .i. dona bi ces na ha.¤ do fhastodh fair, Laws iv 358.1 Comm. ēces .i. ēcmachtces .i. ēcmacht a ches d[o] airiuc i cetheora rannaib fis filidechta, Corm. Y 538 ). innis sgéala gan aincheas / nách beam i n-ainbhfeas umad, TD 38.1 . In phrases: atá i n-a.¤ x is in doubt about x: gibé rabh . . . / i n-aincheas bhar n-urfhoghaill `in doubt of thy speech' (i.e. of its meaning), Studies 1921, 74 § 7 . an chúis do cuireadh 'n-a leith . . . do bhí i n-aincheas a hinnill, DDána 63.14 . atá x ina a.¤ for y y does not know about x: sin do bheith 'na aincheas ort that you should not know that, Desid. 259 . ní feas ní 'n-a aincheas orra / d'ailcheas rolla ríghleabhar, DDána 122.16 . bíodh nach raibh orra aincheas `though they were not ignorant', Content. xv 39 . na seinleabhair do léughadh (ni nach bfuil 'na aincheas ar eolchaibh), RC iv 355.12 . fios ionaid an eiseirge / do bí orra 'na ainffios (aincheas, ainchios v.ll.), BNnÉ 198 § 30 .

(d) Legal difficult case or decision: cidh i fis, cid i nanfis, cidh i na.¤ [ro loisced], O'Curry 1168 ( H 3.18, 464a ). Here the `ainces' refers to an act which is not justified but is almost a necessary consequence or condition of one which is justified i.e., a man entitled to slay another has to burn his house to effect it but this he was not entitled to do, Plummer MS notes. lan-fiach . . . a fis, leth fiach i n-anfis ┐ cethraime a n-ances, Laws v 162.2 Comm. cach ninndligidh athgabala acht nimid ime (leg. mini dime) dethbere do ainfis no aincheas, ii 48.12 .i. nocha caoemnucuir gan na neche sin do dénum co inndligthuch, 50.3 Comm. leath fiach cach ainfis . . . ceathruma cach a.¤ , 52.26 . muna fuilet seoit acu [is] ances athgabhala do riagail riu, i 108.10 Comm. nocha racha in athgabail i llobadh dia rabat na deithbir(s)e so air .i. anfis, no ances, no econnus, no etged, 102.22 Comm. di anchesuibh athgabala, ii 66.15 . ma forae neach cinuid [i] nainceas no etghe, iii 66.15 . in t-aidni frisnindli breth .i. noco n-uil acht glanadh ┐ cinnedh luig (= luic, O'Curry 323 from H 3.18, 178a ) ┐ aincesa atarru ┐ in t-ollam, v 100.23 Comm. is tré erchóiliud foillsighter aincesa in betha it is though legal prouncements that the difficulties of the world are made clear, O'Dav. 812 . breth im ancesa tuath, O'D. 1573 (H. 5.15, 5b). lia do fír . . . [f]ri aiṅcessa (ancesa, anchesa v.ll.) mara .i. frisinni is anfis do neoch, forna-fagabthar breth acht fir ṅDe in cases of great perplexity, Cóic Con. 16 § 3 (see p. 64). ainceas a nendac echtrand itir manchu cille, O'Curry 986 ( H 3.18, 424a ). ? is hé . . . ba rí for Mume intan dobreth arances mbrethe alLeith Cuind co Mumain, Fianaig. 30.24 . a.¤ quasi anceps .i. aincid a fis ort, Corm. Y 89 . anches . . . .i. cuntabairt, O'Mulc. 45 .

As n.pr. Ibar macc nAṅgciss , LL 3281 .

n f. Inflected partly as i- partly as a-stem, see GOI p. 449 . Later also m. oirbeart (g s. and n p. -irt, -ta) m., IGT Decl. § 25 . oirbhirt (g s. and n p. -e, -a) f. § 42 . Vn. of ar-beir. IGT Verbs § 83 .

(a) act of using, employing, exercising, practising: epscop dobeir ūasalgráda for nech nā bī tūalaing [a] n-airberta eter chrābud ┐ léigend ( i c. ┐ l., LB 11b46 ), Ériu i 218 § 3 . a.¤ bansgál i n-orgain using women in warfare, Cáin Ad. § 52 . In phrase a.¤ gaiscid: robai C. oc a.¤ (airimbert v.l.) gaiscid hi tuaimim a scēith, TBC-I¹ 1507 . combu thúalaing airbirt gascid, LU 1668 . in tan ro scáig do chách a.¤ a gaiscid, BDD² 1090 .

(b) Hence without qualifying word heroic deed, exploit: intan is mac bec dogní in a.¤ ucut who performs that feat of arms, Ériu i 114 § 3 . Alb na na.¤ , LL 21620 . ro molsat uili maithi na Tr. in oirbert ro triallsat praised the undertaking, Aen. 2087 . do ronsat airbirt tenn treorach attempt, Acall. 3408 . gibé oirbheart do-né neach / ní hoirdhearc é gan eineach `whatever exploit one may do', Studies 1924, 244 § 25 . minic do-rinnis-si . . . oirbheart nā budh nār do neach, O'R. Poems 415 . prowess. valour, courage: a uaisle a oirbheart . . . ag díon clú coróna Saghsan, Aithd. D. 25.17 . an t-Alaxandar . . . tanaiste . . . ar oirbert, Cog. 204.6 . gebtaitt . . . cuicced Ulad re nerbert `by prowess', Fen. 276.16 . imarbaidh einigh ┐ engnamha ┐ oirbearta na h-Erenn . . . d'imradh, MR 94.19 . fer co n-a.¤ , SG 18.33 . an tan ráinig Irial san ríoghacht ┐ doghabh oirbheart ┐ arrachtas ré a ais, Keat. ii 1829 . a.¤ .i. treoir, O'Cl.

(c) Of labour in general exertion, effort: roimigh A. lé oirbert féin `by his own effort', Ériu iii 166 § 22 . acht do rachad rea oirbert fein ina tir duthchais, Ann. Conn. 1315.9 . ni ar a n-a.¤ fein tangatar they did not come of their own will, O'Curry 2536 ( Eg. 88, 44(45)d ). oirbert no imram do denam, CF 57 . tús oirbheart ann mar do éirigh when He began to do things (of Christ), Aithd. D. 77.1 . do-ghéan uime mh'oirbheirt féin I will take my own measures about it, DDána 101.28 . Of making preparation: dēna fēin t'a.¤ colēic (of one being banished), Ériu iii 154 § 8 . In phrase a.¤ catha war equipment (cf. airmert): niba hannsa . . . gabail na nelipint sea fria hairbirt catha sin with that(?) war gear, BB 496a24 (IT ii2 101.) ro gabad . . . airberta in catha, Alex. 575 .

(d) act of practising law, pleading: tar a.¤ faesma in spite of protection being pleaded, Laws i 100.8 Comm. ni tathbongar a.¤ la aneolus, O'Curry 418 ( H 3.18, p. 229b ). dia ndernut serbus oc airbiurt, Laws i 296.4 Comm. recht nairberta .i. cin roairde cin roisli, O'Curry 2280 ( Eg. 88 fo. 21(22)a ). cin astad nairberta, O'Curry 813 ( H 3.18, 375b ). astad airberta ┐ a.¤ aoi iarna hastad, O'D. 560 ( H 3.17, c. 439 ). a ha.¤ feichemnais ┐ breithemnais, Laws iii 90.13 Comm. gan airbhert n-imṡena, Ériu xiii 27.29 ( O'Dav. 161 ). tri cumtaig gáisse . . . dagaigni do airbirt, Triads 178 . aigni airberta (special type of pleader), Ir. Recht 46.x . In phrase bérla n-airberta language of pleading(?): cloch, trī anmann lé .i. onn a īarmbērla, cloch a gnāthbērla, cloech a bērla n-airberta ar inní chlōes cach raod, Corm. Y 213 (or in meaning (e)?).

(e) import, use, application of words: bunad ┐ inde ┐ a.¤ conagar don focul is senchus, Laws i 30.y Comm. eitged . . . a a.¤ .i. a eipert fir ani nach [follus .i.] scoth is in focul [budein], co fagabar and trena tur, iii 90.16 Comm. insci .i. scientia (.i. ecna) a bunadh Laitne. Scothenga a a.¤ , Auraic. 571 . fid fundamentum a bunad Laitne fo edh a hinni fotha no fid ae a a.¤ , 763 . atat da aithfeghad for imchomarc .i. imchomarc iar n-inni thoirni ┐ imchomarc iar n-airbhirt nanairbirenn bith, 1895 . airbheart .i. tuigsi no ciall, O'Cl. cumgi airberta (of women), LL 344d34 . Note also: a.¤ .i. aircetal, ut est a.¤ cin [cil-]ceill .i. do denum cen claon ceille, O'Dav. 49 .

(f) In phrase a.¤ biuth (bith) (d s. of 1 bith world, see GOI p. 162 ) act of using, enjoying: a.¤ biuth comlabrae gl. bonorum ussu `the use of speech', Ml. 59a10 . ind erbert biuth gl. ut ipsarum rerum possit illis manere certa profussio uel functio, 68b14 . Esp. of food: ba ṅdílmain dossom a.¤ biuth di thorud a precepte, Wb. 10d14 . cid tol dó a.¤ biuth inna túare, 11b18 . rann aile do airbirt bith doibsom `another part to be eaten by them', 10d18 . oc airbirt biuth coirp Crist, 11b14 . do erbeirt biuth gl. esui, Ml. 20d1 . ind erbert biuth, 61c9 . ar a.¤ bith don crann urgartha . . . .i. ar na.¤ do roinne da bethughadh im chaithem thora[idh] in crainn, O'Curry 1750 ( 23 Q 6, 33 b ). edam .i. airbirt bith .i. edo , Corm. Y 518 . Hence of sustenance, food-supplies: riagail im aon airbirt bith o noin do noin one meal, Laws iii 14.21 Comm. an ccuimge a rabattar d'esbaidh airberta bith, AFM vi 2252.3 . tria aidilge airberta bith do beith for an mbárda in consequence of the warders' needing food, 2140.15 . do cuingheadh . . . airberta bith uirfheóla, Hugh Roe 272.10 (fo. 72a) . ag goid bhar nathardha ┐ bhar nairbherta bith foraibh, 208.26 (fo. 55b) . Note also: cid saill, cid feoil a a.¤ `whether his repast be . . .', Ériu iii 104 § 34 .

Later also use, custom, habit, mode of life: is ar chol dorímther leo dún ar n-a.¤ bith ┐ ar fógnam do dúilib dé, Alex. 925 . fogníatt dia na.¤ bioth ┐ bestatadh, Hugh Roe 178.y (fo. 48a ). ar deismirecht a betha inmedhonaigh, ┐ a a.¤ bith cach laithi, BNnÉ 19 § 42 . airbheart bith .i. beatha, O'Cl. aen airbeirt bith gl. catholicus, O'Curry 91 ( H 3.18, 66 ).

n urcollud bith brug betha go banna .i. uasalcollud for in mbith, O'Dav. 312 . Cf. aircholl, ar-cuilli?

n (cotlad): urcodludh bithbruigh beathad co bannadh .i. . . . uasal codhladh in betha .i. in ferainn og in beo ros fag co tí bann bethaidh ag fir in fuaidertha, O'Curry 445 (H 3.18, 239a).

O. Ir. -ae, io, n. Later f. urchra, orchra f. IGT Decl. § 3 . Vn. of ara-chrin

(a) act of perishing, hence decay, decline, deterioration: cen frescsin báis na hirchri, Wb. 3a14 . inda leu som nisroissed imned na erchrae do grés a soinmigi a cloinaib . . ., Ml. 39c34 . ? deaith doerchrau hi crichaib caincailb . . . .i. do ercrasait mo súile hi cáincrichaib mo chind, ZCP iii 224 § 12 . nir bo dímdach do Dia dein / manbad airc[h]ra dia aimsir (Adam) would not have been ungrateful to God but for being made subject to death, SR 1471 . a herchra ┐ a hélúd tria phecdaib . . . ón bethaid forordai (of the soul), LU 2688 ( RC xxv 250.3 ). flaithus cen hairchra (of heaven), Anecd. iii 69.10 . naími cen ais cen ercra, LU 2470 . betha can bas . . . can ircra, Cog. 172.5 . atá erchra for cach dúil, Ériu i 68.6 . gan orchra ar síodh nó ar sonas (in Heaven), Dán Dé xxv 35 . dober loss ┐ solad daibh arnach bid urcra `which will never fail', RC xvi 36.6 . mo chorp do theacht slán . . . as an neimhthní ┐ as an n-urchra-sa ina bhfuil anosa, Desid. 3189 . a ndul . . . for nefní ┐ a n-ercrai, PH 4271 . See airchor (a).

(b) failure, deficiency, want: amal bid isint (leg. isind) erchru gl. quasi in defectu profecto amicorum, Ml. 30d27 . cenod fil a n-erchre `though they are wanting' (of certain verbal forms), Sg. 193b7 . tre erchrae césta `through failure of the passive', 143a3 . tre erchra indí as esse gl. per ellipsin esse, 169b2 . tre erchra, 197b9 . nocho forbia . . . / a.¤ bíid no etaig, SR 4064 . do choid erchra i nar fin fein our own wine has run out, RC xlvi 236 § 8 . ní bhia urcra ar uisci isin tiprait-si, Lism. L. 2383 . ar oman a foxail airi ┐ a erchrai (of worldly wealth), Ériu vii 172.5 . urcra lathair decay of vigour, RC v 203.z . iar n-erchrai a m-bríg, Alex. 28 . freisligi foghair no ercro erlapra, Auraic. 4724 . irchra ruisc .i. caiche, O'Curry 72 ( H 3.18, p. 46 ). eclipse (of sun, etc.): earcra gréne a medon lái ┐ earcra essca 'sa miss cétna, RC xvii 362.10 (Tig.). orchra gréine for do ghnúis, Ériu viii 134 z . Legal in phrase smacht airchrai dala fine for failure to attend court at the appointed time (`Tarifbusse des Vereitelns des Termins'), Cóic Con. 14.17 cf. ZCP xv 259 , xvi 210 . smacht urcrai dala, O'Curry 2305 ( Eg. 88, 23(24)a ). in leth ingellus neach dul ┐ muna dech biaid smacht urcraidi dala and, Laws iii 330.3 Comm. lán smacht urcraide dala and, O'D. 1694 (H. 5.15, 31b).

(c) In vaguer sense downfall, ruin, defeat: co tí irchre fla[tho] román `until the fall of the Romans' realm shall come', Wb. 26a5 . trom leis . . . clanna na righ . . . do dibud ┐ do erchru triasa fotha sin, LL 407b25 . iar n-urchra a charad, BB 204b32 . nách roichfeadh iomarcaigh no urchra no tochradh a dtighearna tairsibh, ML 116.8 . mar scéith chosanta ar éigion orchra, Ó Bruad. i 196.17 . tug fás ar orchradhaibh slóigh / bás C. caused an increase in the misfortunes of the host, DDána 64.29 . tuile urcra, IGT Decl. ex. 100 . grief, affliction: ná tabhair d'orchra t'aire, Measgra D. 60.29 . méid m'orchra, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 380.6 .

n f. See Vendr. Lex.

(a) peak, point: mind . . . ceithri ardda cruanmoithni [fair], Trip.² 943 . cach n-ulind . . . ┐ cach n-a.¤ ┐ cach n-aircind don charput sin, LU 6403 (TBC). ra a.¤ a gúaland, MU² 726 . samalta lim ra trí airdi ind echrad-sin. elta dub-en os chind arbaige, etc., LL 189b29 . cach duine a.¤ each on his hill, Ériu iv 130.8 .

(b) Usually point of the compass, quarter, direction: cethri arda in domain .i. tair ┐ tíar tess ┐ túaid, LU 10063 . rosir [in teidm] fo chethri hairdib Erenn, RC xvii 416.24 (Tig.). fo chetheora ardda in betha , SR 8044 . scailit fo arttaibh ind aiéoir, RC xxvi 364.23 . tabraid triar cacha arda immon ṁbudinsin, LL 13939 . cia hardi robatar ina rigi what were the limits of his kingdom, BB 488a42 . trí treba di cech a.¤ impi, LB 121b4 = gacha airde, Celtica iv 32.457 . ro élodh A. . . . as gach áird d'a chéile from one point to another, Ériu i 81.1 . cucligi in talman occa thochur dar a.¤ ┐ dar cenn `being turned up . . .', Ériu ii 138 § 137 . cridhe san a.¤ -sin níor fhéagh heart never looked in that direction, Dán Dé xxiii 29 . i nacchaid na des-airde southwards, BNnÉ 70 § 117 . do na Pictibh san a.¤ thuaidh, Keat. iii 1343 . ní cóir a.¤ ar tús no ar deireadh comhfhocuil achd soir no siar ré n-airdibh eile words meaning points of the compass, IGT Introd. 24 § 98 .

In various adv. phrases. a.¤ in a.¤ batar in da cath in line , Cog. 168.24 . do gerrsin in gormslegh a.¤ a n-a.¤ gusa imlinn all the way up, Comp. CC 110.7 . a.¤ i n-a.¤ frisna rothaib iarndaidib level with, LU 6503 (TBC). co tarla in muir a.¤ fri a.¤ (ard inard, St.) fris i.e. the sea was level with his head. TBC-LL¹ 1309 . o ra siacht C. ard fri a.¤ (ard inard, St.) fris, 1179 . a.¤ an ard re cerdcae ciormhaire opposite , TFrag. 222.22 . ard i na.¤ fria roile `opposite each other', AFM v 1672.1 . tuittfit na slēibhti innus co mbet a.¤ ar a.¤ frisna glenntaib, RC xxviii 312 § 11 . ar a.¤ present: ar airt cona roib etarcéin `on the spot', Wb. 26a14 . G. ┐ A. rí Róman ar a.¤ occa G. and A. king of the Romans were present at it (viz. a ceremony), Trip.² 303 . badar da righdamna . . . ar a.¤ acu, Snedg. u. Mac R 31.17 . ma ta in fear ar aird 'if the husband is at hand', Mar. Dis. 34 § 14 . for a.¤ , PH 5433 . ni beo fen for a.¤ I shall not be alive, Three Hom. 70.20 . neart do lámh ar a.¤ ní fhuil the strength of your hands is not noticeable, DDána 56.5 . gan fheagra ar a.¤ ná éifeacht `without an answer of any weight or effect', Content. xxi 4 . beirid ar a.¤ brings forward, displays: tucsat . . . na cathfir a ceird muccada ar a.¤ `the champions displayed their swineherd's art', Dinds. 57 ( RC xv 453 ). conid hi dombeir ar a.¤ madain domnaig `tis she that brings it up (on the shore)', 139 ( RC xvi 147 ). tuc in tespuc in lebar for a.¤ , PH 25 . mentions expressly, cites: gin go tucc ar a.¤ though he did not mention it explicitly, O'D. 522 ( H 3.17, c. 424 ). cuid crui don eiric tucad ar a.¤ . . . ┐ cuitig flatha . . . na tuc ar a.¤ , O'Curry 2103 (H. 4.22, fo. 76a). is aire tuc tar crich ar a.¤ i.e. he expressly added the words `tar crich', O'D. 605 ( H 3.17, c. 424 ). logh bó . . . ná tard for áird do beth a foeitsecht aigi `he has in reserve the value . . . which he does not bring into the account', Laws iv 132.24 Comm. dāla Conculaind doberar ar a.¤ it is mentioned (transition of narrative from the doings of Fer Diad to those of C. C.), TBC-I¹ 2574 . dosbert na briathra sa ar a.¤ he said these words aloud, TBC-LL¹ 1497 . nach ttabhairther a nanmanna for a.¤ , `whose names are not given', AFM vi 2074.24 . cuirid ar a.¤ proclaims: orrtha chodoil chríche faghladh / fiadha í Chéin do chor ar a.¤ , O'Hara 4408 . ós a.¤ aloud, openly, publicly (opp. of ós ísel, cf. 1 ard): tucsat gáir . . . os a.¤ , LB 151b34 . ni ba menma . . . la cech oen turcebus airbert ngaiscid uas a.¤ hi tirib Grec, LL 400a39 . siodhach ós a.¤ ┐ eissíodhach ó mhenmain, AFM v 1772.x . do-beir ós a.¤ tells aloud, expresses openly: oc tabairt a n-anmand ós a.¤ , LU 10496 . dobered cách a chomram . . . ós a.¤ each used to tell his triumphs aloud, LU 3233 ( SCC § 2 ). iomthūsa M. dobearar ōs a.¤ , ML² 1542 . cuirid ós a.¤ : gan dáil cruidh do chor ós a.¤ , O'Hara 4304 . téit ós aird becomes public: sul deach ós a.¤ mh'fúasgaladh `ere my release be noised abroad', Ériu ix 162 § 1 . gidh measa ag Dia a dhol ós aird `though He likes not open (sin)', Dán Dé xxiii 27 . ?As prep. phrase: ag teacht na bhfarraid ós arroid na ndaoine before the people, 23 P 18, 25 b26 . Also with prec. c (g): imthúsa Clainni Cailitín do-berar cosaird, Comp. CC 88.7 . tucadh a gairm righ gos a.¤ let the king's cry be raised, CF 914 . narb ail leis mi-clu gos a.¤ do tabairt di, Smaointe B. Chr. 493 . do chuir Martha na mirbuile cos a.¤ (= publicavit), 1778 .

n [ā, f.] (air- + 2 lann Ériu xlviii 154 ) open space before a residence, fort or city: aurland Temrach, Ériu iv 124.5 . for blai (.i. faichthi H) óenirlaindni rom altsa, LU 10280 = for blae oenurlaindie, ZCP iii 235.17 . Cf. ní ar bhladh éan urlann (sic MS.) rom alt, Content. xxiv 7 . for urla[i]nn (faithce v.l.) an dúin, BNnÉ 4.2 . dún . . . tig Fechín amach forsin erloinn, RC xii 348 § 41 . forsan erlainn fri taob in regles[a], § 43. a irlann ┐ a fhaichti, Fen. 206.1 . d'aicthib ┐ d'urlannaib ┐ redib, TBC-LL¹ 68 ( LL 7610 ). for erlaind in baile, RC xiii 56 § 44 ( LL 300a40 ). dolluid M. for fordorus ind liss immach isin n-aurlaind, LU 8719 ( FB § 54 ). urland a liss d'ar `the ploughing of the front lawn', Ériu ix 46 § 12 . cena betha ac acra ar nech dul ar a nurlainn . . . uair dicomais cach nurlaind `green', Laws iii 252.19 Comm. urland sealb ┐ ceathra, iv 102.17 Comm. dochum in tobair . . . bui i n-urlaind in Sídha Nechtain, RC xv 315.7 ( Dinds. 19 ). Sadhbh . . . / finnbhean a horlainn Áine (i.e. from Áine Clíach), DDána 99.3 . os ferlannaib . . . prim-rédi in prephir . . . talmantai, MR 112.10 .

n o, [n.] (see GOI § 266 ; n. gender may survive in forms cited under II below). Later m. oirthear m., IGT Decl. § 11 .

I

(a) front part: in n-a.¤ in tigi, BDD² 1006 . i n-aursain n-airthir thige, Críth G. 216 . i n-airthiur ḟoitsi, 590 . ar-sesatar cornairi āraith cuslennaich airthiur `the horn-blowers . . . sat in the front part of the house', Ériu xix 83 § 14 . langp[h]etir . . . itir cois n-īarthair ┐ cois n-arthir biis . . . aurchomal . . . itir dā c[h]ois n-airthir biis, Corm. Y 812 = iter di chois chind, LB. i n-airthiur a chind, TBC-LL¹ 257 . iar nairthur `in front', Laws ii 238.14 ( ZCP xiv 348 ). [i]ar n-airrter, Lism. L. 2221 . míl . . . airrter eich lé `horse's mane', 2217 . Perh. mistake for airtem in: ro buí a.¤ (airth— MS.) láime din claideb fria trúaill anechtair, BDD² 1004 .

(b) the east: dí gréin airthir Liffi, Fél. Dec. 9 . fir oirthir Midi the men of eastern M., Trip.² 843 . lotar iar n-a.¤ do Ch. A. eastwards , 2855 . i n-oirther Bladhma, Sc.M² § 23 . o iarthur co airthiur, TBC-LL¹ 839 . adíu go a.¤ ṅ-hErend, 5705 . ó oirrther an domhain, Parrth. Anma 3774 . iter in muir nI. iar n-airthiur ┐ muir nE. ar n-iarthur, TTebe 2605 .

COMPDS. ¤-deiscert the south-east: ind airthiurd. na hEtaile, Trip.² 244 v.l. ¤-mag, Anecd. ii 2.1 (airmag v.l., Airne F. 28 ). ¤-thúaiscert the north-east: dá rind ága . . . airthirthuascirt in betha , LL 221a29 ( TTr. 296 ). -thúaiscertach: i nulinn airthirthuaiscertaig na Dési, Trip.² 2329 .

II Of time: isin maitin mana.¤ morning of the second day following, TBC-I¹ 3089 (or pass. of mandraid?). lotar īarnanairter do eill A. the next day but one, ZCP viii 106.25 . dochodur arna n-orther co M., Ann. Conn. 1230.4 (= tangadar arna mharuch, ALC). amárach atá m'féil ┐ a n-oirrcher féil na ban-óighe the day after tomorrow (of Maedóc Ferna and Brigit, whose obits fall on Jan. 31 and Feb. 1), BNnÉ 275 § 254 . sul bus tráthsa nach n-oirrther before this time comes again, SG 73.11 . do toirmisgeadh truagh an cion / le síol Néill ar n-a noirthear (`n-a.¤ dhiaidh sin arís', notes), DDána 86.10 . aniú ┐ a márach ┐ a noirrther, Luke xiii 33 . Note also: oirthear .i. tosach aoise an duine, TSh. 172 .

io, n. Later f. Vn. of ad-noí. In later lang. with dental inflexion in pl. n p. aitheanta, DDána 20.4 . aichenta, SG 16.32 . g p. aitheantadh, TSh. 9691 . Note also n p. aithnighi, ZCP vi 83.22 .

(a) Act of depositing, handing over, entrusting. In Laws used of the handing over or depositing of any object of value with another person apparently either for safe keeping or on loan; also of the object so handed over, abstract and concrete applications not being distinguished. ? atait secht treaba . . . ariscuille coir urnadhma a.¤ ar cia loiscear ni tuillit aithgin seven houses in which according to correct procedure for binding contracts a pledge may not legally be deposited(?), Laws v 160.2 . secht n-a.¤ . . . na dlegat a taisic seven deposits . . . which need not be returned, 190.13 . atait secht n-a.¤ . . . dlegait a taisic . . . a.¤ laime do laim etc. seven deposits which must be restored, 196.1 . na huile a.¤ uile ro haithnighedh do duine all the deposits which have been entrusted to him (= sét, 5 Comm.), ii 304.15 Comm. trian isan a.¤ naenuaire `for taking charge of property for one hour' (during a battle), iii 218.23 Comm. cidh fodera co fuil trian ar a na.¤ seo ┐ co na fuil acht dechmadh is na aithnibh aile? 220.3 Comm. cid fodera co na fuil acht leth fiach isin a.¤ so ┐ co fuil lan fiach isin na.¤ eile? 500.13 Comm. aithni láime . . . a.¤ sula . . . a.¤ tengad, O'D. 938 - 9 ( H 3.17, 659a ). ingairi an aithni, O'Curry 240 ( H 3.18, p. 135 ). an a.¤ do dena duine d'a cheile . . . da ndechad amugha as ic do, O'Curry 302 (ib. p. 166). a slechtaib aithni . . . don tí da tugad ar oin no ar a.¤ , 2460 ( Eg. 88, fo. 37(38)c ). in cutruma . . . do ic o fir in tigi re fir na ha.¤ , O'D. 348 ( H 3.17, c. 268 ). corus aithni aracan fénechus, 938 ( H 3.17, c. 659a ). O'Dav. 692 . im oin ┐ im a.¤ ┐ im airlegad, Laws ii 280.4 Comm. sét óna no a.¤ , i 248.11 Comm.

In non-legal texts: a n-a.¤ gl. depositum, Sg. 66a26 . maraith sercc céin mardda a.¤ love remains as long as gifts (?) remain, Thes. ii xxii 1 . tri dorcha in betha: a.¤, ráthaiges, altrom `giving a thing into keeping', Triads 249 . trí a.¤ na dlegat taisec: a.¤ n-écuind ┐ ardneimid ┐ a.¤ fuirmeda, 157 . atcota aichne augra `giving in charge begets strife', RC xlv 63 § 17 ( Anecd. iii 11.13 ). aithnedh (a.¤, v.l.) tāinic ūad / ara rīsedh slān `the deposit that came from him' (i.e. the soul), Ériu iv 238 § 17 . cach n-aithni co coimdi every pledge is to be protected, ACL iii 228.73 . ba comrar aithni tuath ┐ ilcinel na h-uili Aissia it was a chest for the wealth of all the peoples and races of Asia (of a city), BB 444a32 . In cheville: dob olc an aithne, Content. xvi 70 . Of entrusting a person to another's care: dursan dam t'aithni dot aileamain . . . do mnui meblaig I am loathe to entrust you for nurturing to a treacherous woman, TTebe 2234 . do chaithfinn m'a.¤ d'Iosa I must commend myself to Christ, Dán Dé i 2 . sinn don aingeal gar n-a.¤ (i.e. Michael), DDána 99.44 .

(b) act of commanding, enforcing; command, behest: a a.¤ do cogad do dhenamh `exorting him to fight', Cog. 147 n.12 . ar a.¤ m'uachtráin at the behest of my superior, MS. Mat. 550.14 . cuiriss (viz. an pápa) a letrecha ┐ a a.¤ co n-a shēla mōr go priōir L., Fl. Earls 142.16 . ro thōcoibset na doctūiridhe de ier gcor a.¤ i n-a aghaidh against his orders(?), 144.18 . ní droch-a.¤ dhamh `it is not a bad principle of mine', Content. xviii 112 . Of enforcing payment of debt: rīg do aithne na fhīach, MacCongl. 45.25 . ? élud a.¤ athgabáil, Metr. Dinds. iii 18.224 (things not allowed during an assembly). In scriptural sense commandment: ga mhéud a.¤ ann? — deich n-aithenta, Parrth. Anma 2120 . tuccad na haithnedha do Móyci, Maund. 48 . crann na ha.¤ (the forbidden tree of Paradise), Dán Dé iii 6, 13 . mar do choill Éabha an a.¤ , DDána 6.8 . cúig a.¤ na heaguilse the five precepts of the church, Mac Aingil 3104 . cuirid fa a.¤ ar enjoins on: do cuir fa a.¤ orra dul isin oilen he enjoined on them to go to the island, ZCP xi 122.17 . cor chuir Dia fa a.¤ ar C.C. rí Alpan do denamh d'Aedhan, 126.11 . a cur fa a.¤ orra gan Cormac do chur docum bais, BCC 278.23 .

also aittrebach = aittrebthaid.

n (a) o, m. inhabitant: brethemnus do breith d'aittrebtachaib in betha , Laws i 40.2 Comm. = ar aithrebachaib, 3 Comm. lethait a haittrebthaigh fon crích, BNnÉ 5 § 14 . for aittrebthachaib na cathrach, PH 4481 . rian aitreabhthaigh, O'R. Poems 3116 . aittreabaigh in tire, Fl. Earls 118. y . a aitreabhacha Jerusalem, 2 Chron. xx 15 . aitreabhaigh I., Acts i 19 . bid d'aitrebachaib aigi Pelops . . . ┐ Ioif subjects (?), TTebe 837 . In sense of working occupier of land: ar ndaoine ┐ indile . . . co ndernaitt aittreabhaigh dia roilibh daoinibh saidhbhribh innti so that rich people became husbandmen, AFM ii 924.3 . aittrebhaigh ┐ aes anffan, v 1848.13 .

(b) Gramm. As adj. o, ā possessive: pronomen naitrebthach, Sg. 198b3 . pronomina aittrebthacha, 200b10 . a deilb atreibthig from the possessive form, 31a3 .

As noun o, n. possessive (pronoun): uand aitherrechtaigthiu atá a n-aitrebthach, Sg. 32b7 . a.¤ co n-artucol `a possessive with an article', 198b9 . int intṡliucht ind aitrebthaig `the meaning of the possessive', 201a2 . in failsigud failsigetar aitrebthacha persin `the demonstration wherewith possessives demonstrate person', 198a24 . fri aitrebthacha, 77a2 .