n n p. na beru-sa, Éigse i 86.3 . Mainly in glossaries and B. na f. and expld. as water; spring, well, stream: b.¤ .i. uisce . . . biror ┐ inbir ┐ tobur, Corm. Y 158. Berba .i. ber nó b.¤ ┐ ba . . . usce balb, Dinds. 13. `bior' ainm da gach uiscce, BNnÉ 235 § 156 . `bior' ┐ `an' is `dobhar' / trí hanmann uisge in domhuin, Metr. Gl. 12 § 15. as ionann bior ┐ uisge, O'Cl. dobur usce . . . nó b.¤ uisge isan bretnais, O'Dav. 745. uth bó bruithi do bior `boiled in water', MR 124.9 . fri do biur bus nairne, O'Dav. 202. b.¤ tipra nō srut[h], Corm. Y 121 s.v. biror . b.¤ tiobra, Metr. Gl. 21 § 70 , O'Cl. B. na f.: sēim nar bach na beru-sa (glossed .i. na huiscidi) mo c[h]odul (glossed .i. mo lethar) `these waters almost broke my shoes', Éigse i 86.3 .

pn As name of river: B, LL 11048 ( TBC-LL¹ 4226 ).

Compds. biorbhogha `a Rain Bow', Eg. Gl. 733. biorbuafan `water-snake', 732 . biordoras `a sluce or floudgate', 709 . .ix. ṁbunnsacha birgaissi ina laim `nine . . . osier-rods' ( SG ii 200 ), Acall. 3798 (or fr. 1 bir + gas ?).

n o, [n.] (2 bir ? Cf. GOI § 265 and Bidrag 121 ). Later bilar. Name of a water-plant: ipofila (sic) .i. bilur muire, RC ix 236.47a. nasturcium adhon in bilur uisgi, 238. 57a. biror gl. brecia (brassica? ed.), Ir. Gl. 184. Leonína Calculcitameron .i. bilar .i. bilar Muire, ACL i 333.14 . serpentina . . . .i. bilur Muiri .i. mudomun, 28 . an bilar garrdha (= nasturtium hortensis), Lia Fáil iii 122.23 . biror .i. bir tibra nō srut[h]. Or .i. mong. Biror didiu mong tiprat nō srotha, Corm. Y 121. biror .i. mong tiprai, H 3.18, 64b17 . biolar Mhuire ` brook-lime ', ib. biolar tragha ` scurvy-grass ', ib. Usually translated watercress: na trī gais .i. gas biroir ┐ gas fochluchta ┐ gas trechlaim, TBC-I¹ 1046. rot bia dorn bilair ┐ dorn femmaig ┐ dorn fothlochta, LL 9138 (TBC). cuach usce ar bélaib cach fir díb ┐ popp do birur for cach cuach, LU 7837 (BDD). tri gasa do bhiror na Boinne, MR 18.7 . forsin ngas mbiroir mblathguirt, Fél.² lxxxix 30. im thogha biorair an ghlenna sin `the pick of watercress', BS 22.22 . biror ┐ usce ┐ lusrad na cailli is ed nochaithdis, Ériu i 44.6 . glēre ḟīrtiprat / . . . / bruindit [b]ioulair, K. and H. 15. do barr bhilair of watercress leaves, CF² 153. biorar fochla ┐ gleórán, Duan. F. ii 372 § 11. biolar ` watter-cresses ', Eg. Gl. 714.

In n. loc.: abb Achaidh Bioroir (Aghaviller, nr. Newmarket, Co. Kilkenny, note), AFM i 554.7 . See Hog. Onom.

Compd. gallblach ar bilarlíc (`flag-stone with watercress', Contribb. 215 ), IT iii 99 § 163.

x see birar.

n = bruar: ar biror ar brúan tur (7 sylls.) `on dry fragments', Gorm. viii y . sinnaigh ima huadha / etait bruana bolg, IT iii 94.5 (§ 142) . iall inn asai lais tri bruac[h] (b.¤ v.l. bit or piece ?) na seichi, Ériu v 32 n.21 . ? nī budh b.¤ (ni ba buan, v.l.) brinda (rhet.), ZCP viii 104.23 . See brisc compds.

particle of transition = diṡuidiu (which is used for it FB § 6 ), see Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 189 . Written in full, didiu: Wb. 1a9 ; 4a27 , c23 , d27 ; 8a4 ; 11b17a ; 15d20 ; 32c13 . didu: Wb. 8a5 . Hib. Min. 356 , 418 . LL 202a18 (: ¤ligu). BB 397a33 . IT iii 67.3 . didhu, BB 16b20 ; 355b30 = Metr. Dinds. ii 32 (: firu). dídu, SR 1224 . LL 102b38 (= TBC-LL¹ 6019 ). diu: TBC-I¹ 3564 . Hib. Min. 134 , 227 , etc. (reading of Harl.). Death-tales of the Ulster heroes, 12 . Corm. Y 1154 . RC xii 74.3 , 8 . Anecd. iv p. xii . BS § 3 . In Ml. and later MSS. however nearly always contracted dī and by earlier editors generally expanded as din (so always in PH) or dino (through confusion with dano), or somet. diu (SG); dni, AFM v 1552 . Expanded as dino in TBC-I¹ 422 , 428 , 434 , 462 , 469 , 472 , etc., where LU reads dano. Later also apparently d(h)e, see Ériu x 155 .

Didiu never begins a sentence. It always has reference to something preceding. Exceptions are only apparent, e.g. Corm. Y 1053 (where puincern has been introduced in the preceding article) and 568 (cf. 519 ). It generally follows a more or less emphatic word, often a noun or pron., but occasionally comes after ocus or nó at beginning of clause (esp. in PH); no dī may however = nō dō (= dano, q.v.).

(a) In logical sequence therefore, hence = Lat. ergo: nitat torbi . . . is diliu lemm didiu aní as torbæ, Wb. 11b17a , 4c24 . d27 , 8a4 , 15d20 . is mōir sléb[e] fírinne Dæ: cid ara fodmaisiu, a Dúaid, didiu a ndu imnedaib fodaimi? `why then dost thou suffer . . .?', Ml. 55d11 . biror .i. bir tibra . . . or .i. mong; biror didiu mong tiprat, Corm. Y 121 . Corbmac .i. corb .i. carpat. Cormbmac didiu mac carpait, 204 , cf. 519 , 851 , 875 , etc. do suidhiu ind erred isin charput as nomen a fochlæ . . . Fochla didiu cach suidiu n-a[i]rechda hence `fochla' means any exalted seat, 698 . cech fia[d?] . . . acht oenchrann ata dídu for riaguil every food therefore but one tree is under (our) control, SR 1224 . ba miscais lasin righain inti N., ar is dara ceand dorinde in rí fri Cairind he. Ba mor didu dochraidi Chairinde oc in rigain therefore C. was very harshly treated by the queen, RC xxiv 190 . omnia ergo quaecunque vultis, cech maith din is ail lib, PH 5772 . Hence freq. in drawing a conclusion or moral: conid aire sin didiu napo chóir do neoch uabur . . . do denam, LL 279a33 . connach cóir d.¤ lenmain do sholud nó shénairecht, 281b29 . conid ferr do neoch d.¤ a edprait don Chomdid andás dona dóinib, 286b40 (all concluding sentences of tales).

(b) Referring to someth. preceding, introducing an explanation or additional detail (freq. after a noun): rún inna cruche . . . Crúx didu ainm do gním in chrochtho, Wb. 8a5 . mali bare gare . . . Maile didiu .i. olc, Corm. Y 698 (p. 59) , cf. 604 , 860 . bói máthair mac Conaire la Neimed . . . In Nemed hé sin didiu bá ríg-briuga side now this N. was a hosteller, LL 292b1 ( Ériu vi 147 ). tanic aroli fer . . . Marcellus din ainm in fhir sin, PH 950 , cf. 2177 , 3114 , 3342 . is dó ranic inar Ísu . . . corccra d.¤ dath an inair sin, 2861 . Often nearly = for , Lat. enim: cruimther .i. goidelg indi as prespiter. Premther d.¤ a combrec sidie, Corm. Y 211 . Cathal nomen Britonis .i. combrec inn sin .i. catell. Cat d.¤ isin chombreic is cath in scotica Cathal is the Welsh name Catell; for cat in Welsh corresponds to cath in Irish, 206 , cf. 124 .

(c) As a particle of transition in looser signification: bói rí amra . . . Dagan a ainm. Ba mór d.¤ a chumachta, LL 245b43 . is amlaid doraiga intí Ísu Crist . . . Bid mór d.¤ a slóg . . . Is ar bēlaib int ṡluaig-sin d.¤ do aspenfa cách a gnímu, 280b26 - 27 . Common in sequences (often alternating with tra and other particles) = also, moreover, further: is andsin tancadar ina ferchuidreda . . . Is ann d.¤ sin thānic ind nōi carpait di ḟéindidib, TBC-I¹ 3536 . mōr do chētaib . . . mōr do churadaib . . . mōr do buidnib d.¤ robātar oca, 3408 . almsu dia anmain cetus . . . almsu din dia churp, PH 5977 . Ram a ainm ria tusmed chlainde do Abram imorra a ainm iar tusmed . . . Abraham din a ainm in tan dochuaid fo recht n-imdibe, 5684 , cf. 2267 follg., 6233-49 . rucsat bentachtain les on aide ┐ rofacsat bennachtain aice didiu, RC xxxv 204.20 . After ocus: ni bia fortamlus a namut fair . . . ┐ din nisbia tedmunna i n-a ḟlathius, PH 4284 . diar fhulang ┐ diar lessugud fodéin . . . ┐ din do shásad bocht, 6121 . ocus din fáth aile, 5473 ; 5187 . After nó: dia mbé do náma i ngorta . . . nó din dia mbé a n-ittaid, 6043 . doforne sin .i. na tri hetargna . . . no din na trí dána, 7082 . demin leo co mbad comthoitim dóib nó d.¤ inní robíad de co mbad hé a tigerna fén dofáethsad ann, TBC-I¹ 2433 . cia conualaind-se mo charpat ┐ Oen ara Conaill d.¤ ina charput and O. in his chariot as well, 3525 . docer la M. dā fer dēac dīibsom ┐ dā fer dēac dia muinter-som d.¤ , 2904 . adcomaing cach fer dīb biur n-indam-sa, adcomchusa a mbiur-sa tria cechtar de -seom d.¤ , 2826 . nicon bia a mbethaid, or seiside. Nicon bia-so d.¤ it bethaid, ol C. then you will not live either, 2771 . ni maith dait, or C., na leigi da marbad . . . Ni maith doibsom d.¤ epert ind uilc frimsa, 2780 . nir lam [Cairend] in mac do gabail cuici . . . ┐ nir lam didu nech do feraib Herenn a breth leis, RC xxiv 190 . In adversative sense, however: dolēicsed dūnad iarsin do M. ┐ ní gegain-side d.¤ nech dībsom, TBC-I¹ 2906 . dorad seirc dia leasmac .i. do Chorc; ro op d.¤ Corc a coimlebaid, Lec. 454c15 . Muineamon mac Cais . . . Is de sin aderar Muineamon .i. main for muinclaib. Maine Mór d.¤ robe a cétainm, Cóir Anm. 10 . Confirming a foregoing statement: dóig lim rombad hē Cethern mac Fintain; ┐ ba fīr sōn d.¤ and this was indeed the case, TBC-LL¹ 2761 . doringelt Cūrūi dōsom nād bīad . . . Dognith d.¤ and he kept his word too, 2967 . bid les . . . in forlāmus ┐ rīgi nĒrenn ōn uair-se amach. Ba fīr ón didu it turned out true too, RC xxiv 202 . an fil ceithern acut? Atát diu I have (indeed), SG 62 . tabraid cáirde na haidche anocht damsa! Dobéram diu, 56 . Common in statement, question, or command to connect with something already expressed or implied: Mait[h] didiu, a Bélchú well now, B., Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 40 . airg d.¤, ol M., conris Síth Lethet go then, Imr. Brain i 53 . cid dia tutchad diu? why then hast thou come? RC xii 74 . cest diu, caidhe mo airrle-si l(u)at? ib.

(d) Often used to denote temporal sequence, then, thereupon: is iarum foruirmed mind nAileillo forsin coirthi. Fōbair-som d.¤ in coirthi, TBC-I¹ 2883 . is iarum conmelt foroib . . . Focheird d.¤ a sciath ina diaid . . . Roiadh in slōg imbi-som iarum, conmelt som d.¤ foraib, 2889 , 2891 . gabaid L. ríge nhErenn . . . Gabaid ríge nAlban iarsin . . . Gabaid d.¤ L. ríge Gall, LL 311b1 ff. rofoildsic Dia dosam sin . . . condubairt sa rann-so d.¤ , RC xxxiii 354 . etha ó hAilill co Ferchess . . . Fóidis d.¤ Ferchis, Fianaig. 38 . fri re Aeda genfius Tibraiti . . . Et cid bīas and d.¤ (iarsin, v.l.)? ol B. and what will follow? ZCP ix 457 .

adj o, ā pure, faithful, sincere, disinterested; fitting: idon quasi idonius .i. dingbāla, Corm. Y 754. idan immorro .i. idon ab eo quod est idoneus .i. tairisi, 78 . iodhan .i. glan, O'Cl. idhan .i. comlán, ut est idhan cach foglaim co n-idhna, O'Dav. 1083. coman .i. idhan ut est escoman .i. anidhan, 462 . bat idain fri cach réit `let them be faithful' (gl. fidem bonam ostendentes), Wb. 31c13 . cuiriss dím cluu idhan, ZCP vi 258.4 . bid i.¤ a áentu frind, Fél.² lxi 27. ro indarb Patraic an treide so .. uair rob anidan, Laws i 44.14 Comm. isi crich ann sin na idhan do dulius (sic) `which it is not proper to enter,' iv 144.16 Comm. ainced idnu, cuimriged essidnu, Tec. Corm. § 2.15 . uisci iodun, K. and H. § 18. ni hi.¤ lais ... a thaechtad `he does not consider it clean dealing ...,' Mon. Tall. 143.15 . ar n-i.¤ fiad testaib Dé we are guiltless, SR 3583. mor do athescaib idnaib, 4611 . bī fri hidnaibh go hidhan, Sitzungsb. Pr. Akad. 1919, 93 § 22 . cor torrach Muire mātha[i]r co hi.¤ in virginity , ACL iii 244 § 12 . i.¤ tāncais-siu ar talmain | mar tic blāth, 242 § 15. mo phort i.¤ án | m'ilad ┐ m'úag, LU 9885. a Crist cuirp idain comlain, LL 36b margin . is aire-sin doberim comairle hi.¤ ... .i. Ísu do lécun as a fhorcongul `sincere,' PH 2764. dia chongbáil co i.¤ do ghrés cen chomrac ri nech aile chaste , RC viii 150.9 . is biror as i.¤ donaib sruithib fitting?, Ériu iii 104 § 35. epscop ┐ ógh iodhan, AFM ii 660.7 . urmhór na haicme iodhaine, TSh. 2274. mar do ríomh sibh go hiodhan ` fairly ,' Content. xxviii 41. do dhruim iodhan an achaidh over the pure ridge of the field,' DDána 37 § 9. is idhan do gním ┐ is forbti herlabra, D IV 2, 45a7 .

aí idhan name of a metre: aí idhan so ┐ Cend Ghegain dosroine, IT iii 101 § 183.

Compds. ¤chnes pure skin: a mbí d'fhuil ret iodhainchneas, Aithd. D. 65 § 21. ¤glan pure: is codhnach gealadhbhadh na n-ógh n-iodhanghlan, 76 § 7. ¤lerg: san iodhainleirg bhfleadhaigh bhfinn, DDána 74 § 47. ¤mac innocent child: baoí earc sleibhe i ngach láimh ... don iodhanmac, Ériu v 82.8 .

n o, m. (lus) See also losarad. herbs, plants : biad lusraid, Hib. Min. 49.14 . rochaithes ní do lusrudh ┐ do thorad na hinnsi, RC xiv 60.8 . biror . . . ┐ l.¤ na cailli is ed nochaithdis, Ériu i 44.7 . Luscai .i. . . . tech doronad do l.¤ ann, Fél.² cxliii 19 . fasaid a briga amail doni l.¤ (of the stone selenite), Celtica ii 79.300 . l.¤ ┐ scechora bega, Aen. 166 . lind lusraid healing herbal waters, Dinds. 108. ní fuil [i m]biadh na Galilee acht luibe ┐ losurrtha 'the food of Galilee consists only of herbs and plants', Ev.Inf. (LFF) 225 § 62.4 . baladh do luigheadh ┐ do losaradh dois ┐ do ríghtoraidh 'the scent of your flowers, plants and royal fruits', Ev.Inf. (LFF) 223 § 62.3 .

Compd. ¤tech: lusca (leg. L.¤) quasi lusrad-tech, Fél.² cxliii 20.21 .

v i, (rarely ā). pres. 1 s. melim, Sg. 57a2 . melid, LL 43a7 . fut. 3 s. rat-méla, TBC-LL¹ 3425 (but 1 s. rat-meliub, 6052 ). pret. 2 s. ro meilt , Hib. Min. 71.4 = ro milt , AU 650. ? 3 s. milt, ZCP viii 308.3 . Pass. pres. s. melair, LU 1760. vn. O.Ir. mlith, Mid.Ir. bleith and meilt. melsedar, Lism. L. 2822 , may be a late 3 pl. pret.

I In general sense grinds, crushes:

(a) of grain, etc.: melim, gl. molo, Sg. 57a2 . in gran meiles in muilend, Hib. Min. 71.7 = AU 650 ; RC xvii 191 (meles). amal meles muilend braich, FB 52. rat-melestar mar miles mulend muadbraich, TBC-LL¹ 3789 , cf. 6052 . dilse mine melar ditmairc, Laws iv 314.14 . melair blethe the meal is ground, Metr. Dinds. iii 96. glac na clocha muilinn ┐ meil min, Isaiah xlvii 2. With transference of obj.: nach bró belar [melair, meltair v.l.] i ndomnach . . . leth n-unga argait for fer noda-mela [nodos-meil v.l.], Ériu ii 204 § 23 . melfead-sa brōin dom lāim fen ag an altoir, Aen. 867 (a misunderstanding of ipsa molā manibusque piis altaria iuxta, Aeneid iv 517 ). (Fig.) an mheabhair . . . nach meileann acht míorath, TSh. 6514.

(b) of weapons, grinds, sharpens: meilid fæbra!, TBC-I¹ 3445 (2 pl. imp.). bai ben and fri bleth arm . . . is i rus-meil gai Ruadain, RC xii 94 § 124. nertlia . . . fria meltís renda ┐ fæbra, MacCongl. 47.17 . ná melta riss . . . acht gaí that only spears should be whetted against it, Metr. Dinds. iv 38 (see note).

(c) of crushing, bruising, a person, cf. TBC-LL¹ 3789 quoted above and 6052 . ro mel ┐ ro cumail C. itir a lamhaibh é, 2247 (St.). ros-mealt ┐ ras-comail, RC xiv 265 § 59. Hence overcomes, destroys: nā rum-meile iarann (a prayer), ZCP x 347 § 25 . immarmus Adáim . . . ro melt maccu na saerchlann, Metr. Dinds. iv 244. ? Saxain mna co ndreamna meldai buar im Temhrai, ZCP x 343.20 (3 pl. pres. rel.)?).

II Used for do-meil:

(a) uses, consumes; esp. of food . dús in ḟuigbithea dún ni no mhelmais anything for us to eat, MacCarthy 62 = domelmais, SR 1564. cornaire, bonnaire . . . ro meltís midmír used to consume the broken bits, Metr. Dinds. i 26. biror ┐ uisce . . . is edh no meiltis, RC xxvi 372.16 . ubla ┐ toirthi . . . no melit, Marco P. 10. ani no geleth no meleth itir feur ┐ uisce (of a cow), Anecd. i 59 (= would utterly consume?). Of clothes: no meilinn léne mbithnúi I used to wear, Otia i 122 § 2 = domheilinn, Ériu vii 240. Of time: co ro melaiter na teora dechmaide until . . . expire, H 3.18 p. 386a-b ( O'Curry 851 ). In wider sense uses, enjoys, has the benefit of: bid la Connachta a slat, | brait cid Mumnig nos-melat though Munstermen enjoy the spoil, Metr. Dinds. iii 308. an tir . . . is tusa nos-melfa, Lism. L. 2268. in ní 'mo ndernais, ní tú ros-mēla, Cog. 92.8 . Freq. in later lang. in optative sent.: a mhic gur mhela t'arma mayst thou [live to ] use thy arms, O'Gr. Cat. 376.4. gur mheala an t-arm-sa, a Éamuinn, TD 19.1 ; cf. IGT Dec. ex. 977. go meala tú an chulaith sin, Maguires of F. § 34. gur mheala an dún, a Dhomhnuill, Gofraidh Fionn vi 59 ( Ir. Monthly 1919 ). ro meala mo mhallacht may he have my curse! IT iii 101 § 171. Cf. also: slegha sealga . . . ionmhuin láim laoigh ros-meile that can use them (?), Duan. F. i 16.26 .

(b) with transference of subj., serves, is of use to? geibh luirigh rot-meala win a corslet to serve thee (?), Acall. 1037. rot-mela sleg th'athar, 4924 .

III With abstr. obj. and FOR of pers. wreaks, inflicts (on); cf. for transition: a muilinn . . . ni bo chomailt far serbainn | [a] ro milt for uibh Cerbhaill it was not the grinding of oats thou didst grind on C.'s descendants, AU 650. nicon-mela in fer-sa a baraind for Ultu shall not wreak his wrath, TBC-I¹ 3596. milt a crūas for comaithchu 'its hardness ground onto its neighbours', Aided Echach 96 §4(c) . arna mela doisi for doíni a digi druis .i. arna himri se meiracht a dighi for na daoine `that the lust of his drink may not inflict madness (?) on men', O'Dav. 163. With obj. omitted: amal melis milchu for mhil as a greyhound falls on a hare (?), Lism. L. 2822 (rhet.).

n hair, mane? or .i. mong, Corm. Y 121 (s.v. biror ) = hor, LB. O'Mulc. 100. or .i. mogg, RC xi 493 y ( H 3.18 p. 64a ). `Perhaps a loan from O.N. hār', Stokes Thr. Ir. Gl. p. xxx ; but possibly = 3 or, the term `mong' being used in poetry of trees, shrubs, etc. ? tuc a less ria ais ria or `across his back, across his mane' (of a bull), Metr. Dinds. iii 372.93 (possibly a loose use of 1 or).