n iā, f. (aicbéil)

(a) terribleness, fierceness: ra hacbeile a cned, TBC-LL¹ 3637 . re a n-aigmhéile mun mBaoill mbuig, DDána 95.13 .

(b) In Laws Comm. used (somet. with forcraid and etallas) of defects in various articles and transactions and translated `dangerous (nature)': slan dfir in carbait ce foglaid in carbat risium, acht na raib fis crine na etallais na haicbeille, iii 266.1 . madh si in chual ro fuachtnaig and iar na gnimugud ┐ iar suigigud ┐ ní roibe fis forcraide na haicbeile na hetfollais aice, 174.14 . na huile denta so . . . ó na [bia fis] forcraid no aicbeile no etallais . . . is slan iat, 166.19 . d'aicbeile na hoidida, 422.13 . is e fath fodera ar a aicbeile `because of its dangerous nature', 220.5 . ar a lasnaighe ┐ ar a aicmeile in duine `dangerous nature of the person' (of an epileptic), 508.19 .

n a d s. and n du. b(e)inn. g s. beinde, O'Curry 1021 cited infra, Binde, Celt. Rev. x 135.7 . Beinne, Binne, Hog. Onom. n p. benna, Críth G. 450. n a p. benna, g p. benn, d p. bennaib, f., DDána Gloss. Note also a s. bend, PH 2792 , IGT Decl. ex. 643. d s. bend (: lenn), K. and H. 10. n du. b.¤ , CCath. 1337. `n. (? later f.),' Críth G. Vocab.

(a) mountain, crag, peak, point; crest, summit: o Shliab Belgadain don B. / ard in b.¤ imarbaigem `lofty is the mountain', Ériu viii 26.7 , 8 . ar binn ós Loch Feabail aird, ZCP viii 223.26 . Liath na trí mb.¤ , Acall. 936. ar bennaibh is ar barrgail on hill- and tree-tops, Anecd. ii 23.23 . beinnini ar gach mb.¤ , BS 80.4 . as súd soir go beinn Bóthair, Oss. iv 20.25 . [in] ceín bess bend ar in bith `for as long as the hills shall stand', Ériu vii 229 § 77. ó bheannaibh Béirre `from the hills of B.', Aithd. D. 11.7 . ar beinn Chliachmhuighi, IGT Introd. 23.25 . (of the edge (?) of an Alpine crevasse) tuitiss sīoss re beinn an ailt, Fl. Earls 86.z . i mbeannaibh sliabh on the mountain tops, TSh. 3491. as ris shamhlaim th'aiscin-si / is ra bend i nnimh star (?), Anecd. ii 25.11 . Fig. of a pre-eminent person: Gobán sáor . . . / b.¤ ar shaoraibh, BNnÉ 241 § 179 .

Transf. of outline of land: da b.¤ cumga do thír `two narrow horns of land', CCath. 1337.

(b) pinnacle, spire; gable; corner, etc. of building, structure, etc. ; ette nó b.¤ múir gl. pinna, Sg. 67a7 . bend a pinna muri , O'Mulc. 136. for béind aird in tempuil . . . = super pinnaculum templi, Matthew iv 5 , PH 4712. Caisel . . . / b.¤ im a téigenn teine, SG 206.9 . ar beinn inna scríne, Trip. 86.10 . ar bind mhór chluigtighe Chluana pinnacle of the round tower, Celt. Rev. x 143.16 . ar chomhairle clog na seacht mbeann, Oss. iv 42.16 . . . . na múrrtha mbeann of the battlemented walls (?), KMMisc. 50.23 . ar beind chloche, ZCP xii 273.24 . in mac . . . co farcbad for beind chroisse i ndorus chille (an abandoned child), LL 36996 = Fél. 242.7 . fer coirthe .i. in fer curthur for beinn croise gan feronn, O'D. 462 (H. 3.17, 357). Laws v 134.17 Comm. mac toc[h]air .i. do binn croisi, O'Curry 399 (H. 3.18, 222b). ingen do cuirthear do cill, i mbulg no for beinn croisse, O'D. 529 (H. 3.17, 428). fágbhais ar beinn croise . . . an mála `on one of the arms of a cross', Keat. iii 2122 . caithir chuanna ceithre mbeann (of a castle), DDána 119.16 . gur thúirrlind Léithin (an eagle) ar bind don lomán `a corner of the rampike' (p. 124), Celt. Rev. x 135.21 . beann do bhúain da thalamh `to take a piece of his land' (Gloss.), O'R. Poems 1627. beinn `a high top, pinnacle ', Eg. Gl. 104. do bhennuibh bhárc `poops of ships', Rel. Celt. ii 228.9 . Hence in plant-name: beand múir (lit. projection on a wall) `houseleek?' (Index), ACL i 335.71 .

(c) wing of an army, fleet: i mbeind cli in catha `in the left wing of the battle', CCath. 5781. do bennaib cath, O'Dav. 1335. tig féin is beann don chabhlach i dtír `a wing of the fleet', Keat. iii 4828.

(d) horn of animal: inna benna duacarbat gl. corn[u]a, Ml. 87b12 . b.¤ gl. cornu, Sg. 63a6 . cornua .i. b.¤ , Thes. ii 46.31 . co mbert a inathar as fora beandaib (a bull), TBC-I¹ 880. for bennuib na mbó, Airne F. 353. dá beind for trí fichtib rend sixty-two points (?) (of stag's antlers), Imr. Brain ii 288.18 . benna na n-aigi, TBC-LL¹ 1342. tucsat didiu a mbenda ┐ a n-dedu docum na scor their (sc. elephants') tusks, ZCP xxx 136.6 (Alex.). (of a whale ?) na blaith ┐ na benna sin, Éigse vi 119 § 16. gell tar benna i.e. a pledge given in respect of impounded cattle: ata, dono, gell tar benna . . . di athgabail iar ndithim, Laws ii 128.29 Comm. ni dlig feichem acht apad cuicti . . . acht geall tar benda . . . dar benda na bó uair is fri logh enech teid(h), O'Curry 519 (H. 3.18, 261b).

b.¤ (búabaill) a (buffalo) horn; hence drinking horn, goblet: atraacht Conchobor ra beind breccṡolais buabaill a speckled and shining buffalo horn, LL 34745. crúaidi . . . / immar bít benna búabaill `hard . . . as a buffalo's horns' (of a hag's teeth), Ériu iv 102 § 45. etrocht bass fo beind buabaill, IT iii 47 § 76. ar ól mb.¤ `quaffing goblets', O'Gr. Cat. 479.13. See also s. búaball.

Of musical instruments b.¤ (búabaill): ro bidhgsat . . . lasin fuaim . . . do ben Ercuil asan mbeinn mbuabuillsidhe `which H. made on that trumpet', Stair Erc. 177. ro hir dom .x. ngrib ingne .x. mbenda (.i. .x. cuirn buabhaill) bonnadharc buabaill blaith, Ériu ii 4.3 . searbhghlaodhach a mbeann mbuabhall `ivory horns', TD 4.32 . píp trí mbeann `the three-droned pipe', Ó Bruad. iii 130.12 .

(e) prong, point (of various forked and pointed objects): gabul ina laim ┐ da beind eisti a two-pointed fork, Ériu v 72.20 . aél co mbennaib braine, LL 38335. for cetheora benna na gabla (in c[h]raind, TBC-I¹ 308 ), LU 4799. trí chét unga óir isin chainde[l]bru, secht mbenna fair forsa mbítis secht sutrulla `seven branches upon which were seven lamps', Celtica iv 32.18 . beanda . . . slegh spearpoints, ZCP xiv 230.2 . seacht cumala go leith lenta locht mara bennaib Baisgne, glossed: .uii. cumala . . . i cinaidh do beinde it armaib a ua Baiscne, O'Curry 1021 (H. 3.18, 431a-b). beann bhrasbhaoghlach thréan nách trom, Measgra D. 14.12 . b.¤ gher do beith agud, ┐ fend lesin mbeinn `have a sharp point and lance (?) it with the point', Celtica ii 46.3 . cen slegha, cen bera cen benna `points' (of a fence), Laws iv 114.9 Comm. ? carbat bo bricci for beind (benn, v.l.), IT iii 81 § 57.

(f) crest, diadem, etc. (of a helmet, head-dress, etc.): buidne bend `crested bands', Hail Brigit 20 . beann oir . . . as gach cathbarr, Anecd. ii 77 § 3. pn In epithet: Findchad Fer Bend Uma, MU² 36. donn a cuach ballghlas a beann `her coif (?)', Aithd. D. 1.34 . beann eich uaibhrigh `frontlet' ( Ir. Monthly 1929, 333.20 ), DDána 111.20 . By metonymy (?) of a horse: an bheann (perh. = bean) is fearr cluas is cos, Measgra D. 15.1.4 .

(g) Various applications: bratgal na mbrat siúil risna bennaib yards , TTr. 1420 ( LL 32231 ). uagais brigais beand siuil, ` sail-tops ', Ériu xxiv 14 § 13. Of a shield: cetheora benna óir fair, TBC-I¹ 3580. Of a garment (see Ériu xvi 201 ): a dá beind imo brágait the two corners (of the cloak) about his neck, MacCongl. 65.2 . ocht mbruit co mbennaibh (mbuindibh, v.l.), Leb. Cert.² 1314. co r-gabus bend etaig Isu `hem', PH 2792. ar beinn a bruit on the skirt of her mantle, Ériu v 76.37 .

In phr. rí b.¤ king of peaks (?), one of three classes of kings enumerated in Críth G. (see p. 104 ): ríi b.¤ . . . Is hé rí túaithe insin las mbiat .vii. ngrá(i)d Ḟéne cona foḟodlaib i céilsini, ar it hé benna flatha doruirmisem, Críth G. 448 - 450 . O'Dav. 1335.

(h) In adverbial phrases: immo rēir a b.¤ i mb.¤ `from height to height' (Thurn.), for ever (?), ZCP xi 57 § 10. co bráth b.¤ for ever (and ever): ni theit co brath buidneach beann / neach it relcib in ifernd, YBL 318a58 . o sin amach co brath mbend, Anecd. ii 40.7 . re mbrath mbend, BB 17b32 .

(i) Freq. in nn. loc., usu. in senses point, peak, hill , see Hog. Onom. B. Étair, ibid., also ZCP xv 195.

In late use heed, attention, regard: gan beinn air bith air na haitheanta do choimheud `without any care to keep the commandments', Donlevy 176.24 . ní bhí beann agad orum = thou regardest me not, Job xxx 20 . nách fuil . . . beann aco air, Párl. na mB. 625 . gan beann do chur ar raidhtibh na heagluisi coitchinne, Luc. Fid. 3993. na cuir beann, suim, spéis, seadh, ann `regard', Eg. Gl. 71.

Compds.

(a) With nouns: don bheannabrog bhuadhach bhán gabled mansion, 23 G 24 , 388 . dá cromsciath ┐ da bendchlaidiub mara occo, LU 7671 (BDD). ōs Bregmaig na mbendchros ` peaked crosses', Arch. Hib. ii 94 § 25. re fogur thet mbeandchrot, Lec. 174rb3 (for mennch. ?). sreatha . . . téad mbeannchrot, Maguires of F. 86. cloidme m[ora] benndorncair horn-hilted, TBC St. 4524 , Gloss. cuirn mc Donnchadha / dleghait buideachus / buidhe bendgealla securities of horn (?), IT iii 91 § 128. do bheannmhoighe `thy lofty plains', Gadelica 11 § 3 .

(b) With adjj.: faoidh a stoc mbennbuidhe ` yellow-tubed ', O'Gr. Cat. 474.20. táin láoghach bhenncor bhó with pointed horns, KMMisc. 174 § 33. do dhromchladh na Bóirne bennghairbhe ` rugged-topped ', AFM vi 2102.11 . laogh Droma bheinnghil Bhó `white-peaked D.B.', Aithd. D. 25.12 . rosaich co Cua cendmar cain / comét bend-glan in buair sain, Metr. Dinds. iv 338.26 .

(c) With adjj. formed from nouns: múr na sgiath mbeannbhladhach mbláith with fair-famed and gabled buttresses, DDána 119.1 . tar beilgibh bennchairrgidhe `rocky passes', AFM vi 2198.8 . brocc bendchoprach (sc. Cell Dara), RC xiii 114 § 160 (see ¤chopor supra). cloidme benndornachae 'swords with hilts of horn', BDC 106.37 .

n f. (? earlier neut., Études Celt. xxi 166 n. 71 ) also blá, blad exemption, immunity (from penalties for injuries, damage, etc. where an article, person, etc. was exercising a normal, legitimate function. In the first example quoted the connotation is somewhat wider): is tre ḟīr flathemon tēora blaī (blae, v.l.) būirig im cach n-ōenach . . . Blaī mescae im cach n-ōenach. Ala blaī dúnaid la túatha téchtai tecraiter. Blai Tige móir Midchūardda medrait soír ┐ doír, medrait baíth ┐ gaíth three exemptions (`Freiheiten') from anger (Thurn.), ZCP xi 82 § 26 = tre blaí búraig, AM 8.68 (Rec. B) . ara feiser blai dilsi, Laws iii 166.17 . bla moga mugsaine (.i. slán do mogaidh in daire (sic leg.) ferrda do ní . . . ina laithrind comdligtigh, 9-11 Comm.), 174.8 . fer na mblai `the man entitled to the exemptions', 172.12 Comm. blad ord indeoin, 186.6 . bla con congal, 192.9 . bla susta aith ( .i. slan a mbrisenn in tsuist isin aith, 16 Comm. ), 220.15 . bla crand cutaim, acht arfogra riam (.i. slan don ti benus in crand da tuitim, 4 Comm.), 224.3 . bla cumaile lec ┐ losat, 274.18 . bla aindir et, 292.1 . caite blad ercaile cach slan cach ruidleas, Laws iii 94.19 = bla .i. slan, caiti bla, cach slan gach ruidhleas, O'Dav. 302. Cf. bladh (blath, bla, v.ll.) slán, Metr. Gl. 25 § 20. bla carbat aenach ( .i. slan don ti beires in carbat isin aenach, 23 Comm. ), Laws iii 264.22 .

v (bres ? See Thurneysen, Keltoromanisches 94 s.v. (Fr.) briser; Pisani, Jn. Celt. Stud. i 50 - 51 ; cf. also Études Celt. xxv 129 ).

I Trans.

(a) breaks, smashes; destroys; gl. benaid, 1 bronnaid, con-boing: rosbriss no roben (gl. rosṁbī), Thes. ii 346.31 (Hy. v Comm.). ronbris, ronbrúi, O'Mulc. 830 g. na robris gl. nádchombaig, Thes. ii 346.30 (Hy. v Comm.). brisi . . . cia robria ord for inneoin `breaks', O'Dav. 300. brisid scíathu lenna laech, LU 3632 ( SCC 31 ). brisus (brissis, LU) Fergus . . . .iiii. carptiu dēac, TBC-I¹ 325. ro brisiset cleith di clethaib ind rightige, LU 8371 ( FB 25 ). brister in carbat , Laws iii 264.23 Comm. gur mhionuigh ┐ gur bhris iad, TSh. 821. anbthine . . co ro-bris a longa ` wrecked ', PH 7040. Of bread breaks (into parts); cuts up: tuccad (bairgen eorna) . . ., ┐ ro-bris, PH 1771. Of inflicting physical injury breaks, fractures; injures (bones, limbs, etc.): brí ([ro] bri[athar], ed.) .i. brisster . . . diablad n-aithgina neich ro briathar .i. diablad sin boin bristi ┐ bó laisin mboin slain, O'Dav. 287. ro brise Cochlán gilla Léith, Ériu xiii 66 § 61. Cf. co ro brised leo C. gilla L., Dinds. 126. go róebriss (curro bris, Stowe 5021) cnáim i n-a chind, TBC-LL¹ 6138. brister coss erēne circe, Fing. R. 310. tothfond foro co mbrister `until they (sc. horses) are injured', Laws i 164.14 Comm. In more abstr. sense. na briss . . . mo chride, LMU 18 ( IT i 81.37 ). ro brissed (rus-bris, v.l.) co mór `he was greatly broken', RC xiii 60 § 55. nīr bris a hōigi in t-Ardrī did not violate, ACL iii 244 § 10. In poetry, causes imperfect rhyme (by not employing corresponding consonant classes): snaidhm gaídhilge agus a glas | créad bhriseas 'what causes the binding of pronunciation and its clasp to be imperfect', Celtica xxvii 58 § 1 . bristear aghaidh i n-aghaidh | comhardadh ag cosanaibh 'consonants corresponding to one another make rhyme imperfect', Celtica xxvii 58 § 2 . See also comardad (c).

(b) With following prepp. etc. cid nodmbrisi in fer so a bóairechas? what deprives this man of, etc. (?), Críth G. 145. brissis gésca din chrund, Fraech 196 .

(c) defeats, puts to rout; overthrows; gl. maidid, sraínid. Absol. and with FOR (AR) usu. with obj. cath, irgal, etc. Also with DI: muna má .i. muna mbrisi, O'Cl. rosroena .i. robrisse gl. roróina ( reunn cathu, 18 ), Thes. ii 325.36 (Hy. iv Comm.). ? brissid úath n-adarccna (rhet.), LU 8354 ( FB 24 ). brisid Cūc[h]ulaind tricha lōech dīb cosin tailm C. overthrows (injures ?) thirty . . . with the sling, TBC-I¹ 1075. brississ tola he (sc. C. Cille) subdued desires, ZCP viii 197.5 . brister immairecc fairsom gl. conterat, Wb. 7c4 . cach immarec . . . is M.F. nod ṁbrissed, Fing. R. 61. ro brisius aurgala / for triunu na túath, LU 9349. noí catha ro brissitár rempu, 2797 . oenḟer ro bris for cach, Sc.M² R 8 . Note also: an tí dobrisfeadh uirre gan an chain ┐ an cadhus sin do dhíol `whosoever should refuse to pay (her) that tax', etc. Ériu v 94.17 . brisis Mogh Nuadhat de `M.N. defeated him', Keat. ii 4077. brisfighear díot fá uile ríoghachtaibh an dómhain (= dispergaris per omnia regna, Deuteronomy xxviii 25 ), Eochairsg. 80.5 . Fig. go mbrisfimni (mbrisimni, MS.) . . . / don ríoghraidh ghil `we (sc. poets, with our . . . praise) shall put to rout', Ériu ix 164 § 14.

(d) Of an oath, pledge, justice, etc. breaks, violates, transgresses with prep. FOR (AR) prec. indirect obj.: dia brisistair na reanna aicsidi ┐ nemaicsidi fair when he violated the stars, visible and invisible, Dinds. 81. bristir fír fer for Coin C., LU 5839 (TBC). ni ba me brisfes firindi fair lit. (that will) infringe justice on (him), Aen. 2744. do briseadh cunnradh ar cách, DDána 21.1 . Conn . . . nár bris bóid, IGT Decl. ex. 680.

II Intrans.

(a) breaks; breaks down, fails, comes to an end: ni robris (= non est fractum), Lat. Lives 80 § 73. ge nār brissetair leaca oigridh na prímhabhann, Fl. Earls 64.14 . do bhás uí Ch. . . . / druim ratha Banbha do bhris, SGS iv 66 § 27. brisfidh do dhearc your sight will fail (in death), DDána 43.8 . With AR: brisidh uirre re lo conoidhche it opens (of an abscess), 23 K 42, 434.18 . fa dheoigh air ass iad (sc. bronnta) do bhris `the gifts . . . failed him at last', O'Hara 950. With amach: brisfid do chantaóirighe amach le fíon nuadh = thy presses shall burst out, Proverbs iii 10. no gur bhris síad amach a harm an Priustúnidh `they broke away from', Rel. Celt. ii 206.6 .

Part. dar bernadaib brisde , CCath. 4104. for comardad briste imperfect rhyme see Murphy Metrics 1 , Ir. Syll. Poetry 8 - 9. bristi, na bi a n-aic[d]e ` broken (silver), not made up', Laws v 396.19 Comm.

Vn. bris(s)ed.

See bristid.

n o, m. a d p. freq. cairpthiu, -thib as well as -tiu, -tib.

(a) war-chariot. Somet. also car, waggon, etc.: carbad, cart cogaidh, coiste, Eg. Gl. 114 . hi cairptib ┐ in n-echaib, Ml. 43d3 . connacha gluaistis in charbait, 96c13 . firfaid cairpthiu co ndathrindi tau bodbdai, Ériu xvi 83.61 . coro imluaid in goeth inna cairpthiu, Trip.² 497 . inna charput, Vita Br. 9 . ara n-indled a nōi carpti dí, TBC-I¹ 153 . cona dichtheth c.¤ friae, LU 4797 (TBC). err oéncharpait, 8505 ( FB 35 ). imlaat .ix. cairptiu, 10562 . .vii. carbait dég de chairpthib Conaire, BDD² 588 . cid carbad, cid cathbarr óir, Metr. Dinds. iii 260.21 . fri himc[h]omarc dā c[h].¤ , Corm. Y 1082 . na bris . . . cairptiu ar túath, TBC-LL¹ 765 . combruissitis a cairpdé (: dé), SR 3968 . da ba ar crossa, ┐ da ba ar cairpthi (of fees), Laws v 94.14 Comm. ingen charpait `base daughter', iv 10.14 . carbad cumaile gach aoi anamhna (of fee for poem), Ériu xiii 27.9 = Laws v 62.x . ní léictis Níall i carpti, Ériu iv 98.y . lorg an charbaid `the track of the chariot', O'Hara 3324 . do chéad-chuir rotha i gcairptibh, Content. iii 20 . ar scibadh a lúirech loindrech / a crúisiuch 'sa carbad, Studies 1920, 417.6 . i n-árach nó hi c.¤ baoi a chorp car , Hugh Roe² 166.10 .

(b) In legal phr. c.¤ ar imram expld. as one who has stock but no land (see The Iron Age in the Irish Sea Province 62 ): carbat ar imram .i. crodh aiceside ┐ nocha nfuil ferann, Laws iii 142.15 Comm. c.¤ ar imram screpall a eineclann, O'Curry 325 ( H 3.18, 179a ). in foltach fuithribe . . . ┐ in c.¤ ar imram . . . nocha nfuil eneclann do neoch dib a n-ecmais a ceili, O'Curry 1732 ( 23 Q 6, 28b ). mata ferann fochraici con carbat ar imram is laneneclann do cinmotha ochtmad eneclainni, n. ib. ? Cf. ni roibhi moin di argat / rulla a Criost caincarbat (of Judas), Blathm. 110 `against the fair body.' c.¤ na n-ogfeine . . . in tamain filidh, Laws i 106.9 Comm.

(c) gum, palate (see Loth, ZCP iv 104 ): carbad a bheil, cairein, Eg. Gl. 179 . a charbat leanaim, IT iii 85.6 . coretarscarus a ch.¤ fri alaile corice a brāgait, ZCP xiii 176.22 . ro tirmsat a mbeoil, ┐ ro cruadhaighset a carbait, CCath. 2536 . incinn in míl do coimelt do carbad na lenamh, O'Gr. Cat. 229.16 . ag leanmhain d'á charbad no d'á fhiaclaibh, Eochairsg. 97.27 . a charbaid mhaeil gan ḟiacail `thou of the bare and toothless gums', Oss. ii 38.12 . asa carbut uachtarach, Acall. 2225 . ? imfuirmed a carpad clis itir a dá láim `palate-feat', Ériu i 114 § 2 . Of animals: c.¤ bo bricce for benn, IT iii 81 § 57 . glomar a crais . . . ac taidligud ima carbad (of a serpent), TTebe 2065 .

Compds. With nouns: fonn fulaig carpaitniadh chariot-fighter , Anecd. ii 52.9 . c.¤ saer ┐ ailtire ` chariot-builder ', Laws v 106.7 . With adjj.: ruire Cuirrich carpatrēid `with swift chariots', Ériu xvii 42 § 22 . hi flaith Cuirrich carpatruaid, 38 § 4 .

n n s. also coirb. coirb f., IGT Decl. § 14 (69.8) . In etymological glosses: Corbmac .i. c.¤ .i. carput, Corm. Y 204 . Corbre quasi corb-aire . . . ara carpuit, 205 . c.¤ .i. carbad, O'Cl. In n. pr. (perh. difft. wd.): Lugaid Corbb, LL 29885 . Mug Corbb . . . Nia Corbb, Ält. Ir. Dicht. i 17 § 15 . Cú c.¤ .i. coirb in charpait . . . rus-bris fái, Cóir Anm. 191 . do chuir feín coirb isin carbat , ib. Níadh C.¤ , 192 . Meissin c.¤ , 193 .

See cairb, carb.

adj I o, ā. On meanings cf. Loth, RC xxxiv 148 f. , TD ii 188 - 9 . ` tapering, cuspidated, peaked, pointed, jutting out or up, swelling ', Measgra D. 245 . Used of a wide variety of objects, incl. geographical features, places, buildings, weapons, human beings, animals, parts of the body, instruments, vessels, trees. Often somewhat vaguely applied: im Crúachain cuirr, LU 2847 . caidi ced-ainm in chairn chuirr?, Metr. Dinds. iii 356.7 . ón chrích chuirr, Bard. P. 5 . 16 . cathair ch.¤ , IT iii 23.2 . teagh c.¤ colam, IGT Decl. ex. 1343 . .u. claidhim corra catha, BB 273a35 . ar crandaibh camaibh corraibh, IT iii 86 § 91 . mac B. . . . gléchuirr `bright-eminent', Metr. Dinds. iii 272.26 . mac in chleirigh cuirr, AU ii 180.4 `stooped? hump-backed?' Plummer MS notes. fir chorra (of chessmen), Miscell. Celt. Soc. 160.7 . corrmhil c.¤ , IT iii 81 § 59 . a ccomtach a dha ccioch cc.¤ , Ériu iv 55.17 . na ruisg corra chriostalta, Dánta Gr. 13.11 (cf. cuirre). méra corra, IGT Decl. ex. 131 . dá pheinn . . . chuirr, ex. 1101 . pistal cuínge cuírre, IT iii 101 § 181 . fion . . . a cuachuibh corra, Rel. Celt. ii 208.26 . dī chūarán corra, MacCongl. 9.22 . cnóe corra, LL 27688 ( Dinds. 160 ). mínréidh na ród gc.¤ uile, A. Ó Dálaigh liv 2 . leathan thīs ┐ c.¤ t[h]uas (of a drop of milk), B. Fermoy 219b30 cited Duan. F. iii 246 . bainid teas . . . a cnapain corra dib `knobby' (hail- stones), Ir. Astr. Tr. 152.1 .

In more abstract senses: teacht ar druim cuain nó calaidh / ar uair gcuirr níor chleachtabhair, LBranach 6397 perh . `at an untimely hour', Gloss. ? do thréigios geallta corra / ní ghébhainn geall . . . / . . . acht do mholadh, 3406 . caince c.¤ / doní tonn . . . T., Acall. 861 `strange music', Murphy Lyrics 49.10 . laithe corra, TD 18.5 `unsettled', Notes (short?). diebus imparibus . . . .i. is na laithibh corra on odd days, 23 K 42, 57.14 (see subst. use below).

Equat. cuirrither hog luin a di ṡúil, Corm. 36.27 = cuirrit[h]ir, Corm. Y 1059 (91.17) . Compar. cuirre iná c.¤ aurócbála a dhá grúad, Corm. 36.29 . an bhruidhean nach cuirre cnoc, DDána 119.32 . na chíche nach curra an tugh, Rel. Celt. ii 232.10 .

II As subst. ā, [f.] (later somet. o) projecting part, end, corner, peak etc.: barr, críoch, c.¤ , Eg. Gl. 65 . c.¤, adharc, rinn etc., 119 . Used of a wide variety of objects (cf. adj. use supra): co cuirr Chruachain, BS 120.12 . fa cuirr cairrgi, ACL iii 235.20 . san gc.¤ choir(?), apse(?) (of a church), Eochairsg. 113.9 . corra an domhain = ends , Isaiah xli 5 . don chuirr bragat gl. ceruici, Gild. Lor. 133 . do benastar na goithne . . . i c.¤ bragatt na flatha ` nape ', Ann. Conn. 1405.15 . corra braghad `bend of the neck', O'Gr. Cat. 269.13 . re doighteach na naronn ┐ na gc.¤ mbraghad, 23 K 42, 156.6 . saothar mór ar na corraibh braghad, 165.7 (exact sense in pl. not clear). co tuargaib cend ass i coirr a chride (a knife), Fing. R. 328 . gé ro sgoilt cuirr chroidhe, Dán Dé xx 29 . ar chuir mo ghlūin on my knee, KMMisc. 358.23 = chuirr, Gadelica 294.z . corra a n-uillend the points of their elbows, BB 393a12 . ō ch.¤ na huillen go barr an meo[ir] medhoin, O'Mulc. 112 note . cona bachaill . . . cacha bainde . . . noscēed tar a cuirr crook (?), MacCongl. 91.2 . corra in c[h]oicat bachall, Ériu v 28.14 . i corraib bachall `points of croziers', RC xxvi 40.216 (.i. i n-aes graid ┐ i clerchu archena, note). in ferand risin abair c.¤ bachalla (n. loc.?), LB 258 marg. inf. tri mer dua (leg. dia) churr. Mer dia frithchurr. . . lethordlach [leithit a cuil] ar medon trian oca chuirr (a billhook, fidba), O'Curry 883 ( H 3.18, 395a ). a ch.¤ liathroití lubain, IT iii 69 § 12 (2 c.?). c.¤ . . . lamchrann . . . breasdach . . . caomchom (parts of harp), Manners and Customs iii 258 note (refers to violin-type instr., c. the end held against the shoulder, Plummer MS. notes) ` cross tree, or harmonic curve ', Gloss. sccriobhus iad sin a ccuir chruiti, Ériu iv 60 § 49 . Cf. carr. a prora .i. . . . on chuirr thussig prow , Gild. Lor. 49 . in ch.¤ thuisech din churuch sin ┐ . . . in ch.¤ aile the prow, the stern, RC xiv 402 § 9 . leím duine a cuirr a choiti, IGT Decl. ex. 551 . ac cumtach cír im chorraib na luṅgi, LL 30952 (TTr.). ro suigh a cathair cumdachta for curr na halttora, Grail 3397 . ag cuirr dheis na haltóra . . .an churr dheas, Eochairsg. 36.38 (cf. cornu altaris, Du Cange s. cornu ). ar chorruibh bhur naltórach = horns , Jeremiah xvii 1 . c.¤ comdala for dechnaid cumaisc (a metre), IT iii 77 § 43 . ar chuirr sheaghla sheing Sh. hem (?), DDána 99.13 . ? c.¤ laegbili (.i. Oengus) cétáin, ZCP xii 237 § 60 . uaclerigh carbat crin cuirre, IT iii 101 § 181 . is daleic a chuirr fair inna carpat .i. eir for in aile, O'Mulc. 763 . ? i gcórr shliabh (printed as compd.) `mountain pease', Ó Bruad. iii 134.6 .

In phr. céd traiged i tigh C. / ón chuirr go roich a chéle from end to end, Acall. 804 . o chuirr go cuirr, Luc. Fid. 5230 . ón ccorr go chéile, Ezra ix 11 . ón gceann gcurradh go chéile, Trompa na bhF. 204 = de fonds en comble, Gloss.

Note also: c.¤ mór is deich míle much more than, ZCP iii 621 .

In n. loc. Ross dá C.¤ , Metr. Dinds. iii 306.34 . C.¤ Crúadglórach, 40 . co fán Chorra Eidnige, 128.20 (see Notes). hic corraib Edhnecha, BB 367b26 .

See 2 and 3 c.

Compds. With nouns pointed, peaked, sharp etc.: corr-chathbarr, CCath. 4694 . corr-crechda .i. ainm do cnoc bis a n-étan na n-amatán, O'Dav. 518 (a lump or brand (?) on the forehead of a drúth, identifying him as such, CMCS lxvii 55-71 . See crechda). do cheppaib ┐ do chorrḟótaib . . . talman `round sods', RC xiv 416 § 32 . a chliath chorrga, IT iii 88 § 105 ( Bruchst. 17 § 33 ). na corrgabla siúil ┐ na loṅga luchtfethna, LL 22799 (`bent spars of a sail', CRR 11 ). ? corrgubhul .i. craicann gabair, [ut est] broc choel do chorrgubul gabais etc., O'Dav. 366 . ina corrthair chlaidem ┐ chorr-shleag, MR 214. 23 . tre corrsmál teinedh, Ériu v 104.22 .

With corr- in secondary senses: ? in chorrabhall, Acall. 4530 = SG 186.30 dwarf or crab-apple tree = We. corrafallen, KZ xxxviii 462 , ZCP iv 104 . le hecla corrméinee (sic) na sgoile ` ill-will ', O'Gr. Cat. 131.38 . corr-ecor selba `hinausgehendes Einbringen', ZCP xv 246 § 5 , with corr- in sense of odd (of numbers), 248 (see De Bhaldraithe, Éigse viii 244 ). corr-fhocla ┐ coirrlitreacha Gaoidheilge occasional words, Donlevy v 17 . ? in chorrimirchi `the odd drove', Duan. F. iii 18.42 ( Acall. 4978 ). seasca corr-mholt `smooth . . . wethers', Leb. Cert. 62.x . an tIarla do dhol corrshluagh ceandais feadhna with a small army (?), AFM v 1592.3 . C. . . . Corrbacc, IT ii1 181.191 .

With noun forming adj.: nomen do lestur chor[r]thón gl. futilis, Sg. 56b7 (see GOI 220 , Hermathena xcix 52 ).

With adjj. (in some cases dvandva-compds., in others compds. of subst. corr?): for dá n-echaib . . . corrbeca small-muzzled (?), TBC-I¹ 1973 . do chrāib charrbuidi (: glanbuidi), Bruchst. 66 § 150 = carn-, IT iii 99 § 167 . Leaburcam . . . corrchael, BB 257b25 . claidem cruaidh corr-cotut sharp and hard (?), hard-tipped (?), CCath. 5241 . corrderga (horses), LU 6910 ( BDD 51 ). an cíogh coirrgheal, A. Ó Dálaigh xliv 5 . rosc corrglas, BB 427a36 . demun doescair corrlond, IT i 190.16 ( FA 30 LB).

With adjj. derived from nouns: le céibh dtruim gcorramlaigh ` beauteous ', Magauran 922 . a slebh . . . Corrbennach, BB 23b48 . munter Ch. chorr-beraig of the pointed spears, Metr. Dinds. iii 174.82 . a chailleach, a chuirrchennach ` round-headed (?)', BS 72.13 . is sí . . . chorr-chíchech, Metr. Dinds. iv 140.z . tarclaim C. corr-deibig (sic leg.), Metr. Dinds. iv 8.12 `prominent in fight', Notes (coirrdheabhaidh wrongly expld., O'Cl. ). an barr corrgablach (of hair), Ériu iv 218.8 . teóra hingina corrlámacha Cailitín, Comp. CC 88.8 . S. inghean Chorrluirgnigh, ML 32.10 . i ndúin Caisil choirrshleaghaigh of sharp spears, DDána 74.59 .

Other compds. given as separate entries.

adj o, ā withered, decayed; old, decrepit . Of persons: go mba c.¤ mé im bhethaidh, TFrag. 14.4 . in Cromm c.¤ , LL 30548 . itir sentanaib crína, Otia i 126 § 23 ( Lament 23 ). F. crin `the withered', RC xxiv 194.13 . seanoraig crina, TTebe 1373 . Of vegetation etc.: brosne crin gl. gremium (leg. cremium, Edd.), Thes. i 3.27 . rouc cechnúrdataid ṅ as conrubu ch.¤ , Ml. 99a2 . amail ceapan chrion `withered twig', Blathm. 92 § 10 . folt crin withered foliage, Anecd. i 14.10 ( SCano 469 ). crann c.¤ , Ir. Gl. 162.16 . cen chrann c.¤ , Airne F. 344 . ris in maidi chrin = in uiridi ligno, Smaointe B. Chr. 3842 . for abaill chrin, YBL 123a2 . críon mar ḟéur, Psalms cii 4 . Other applications: nua molta crína seoit (.i. tiagait as), LU 353 (ACC). macc rīg Clūana crōine crīne, Bruchst. 37 . is crin cumthus, Laws v 440.24 .i. is crin in cumaidh uais `wise', 442.11 Comm. cidh criun in cumunn `withered', ii 18.10 Comm. a dá ṡengabair chrína chremmanncha, TBC-LL² 3902 . ? Uaclerigh carbat crin cuirre, IT iii 101.15 . dabhach chríon `a worn-out vessel' (of the body), Aithd. D. 61.3 . coiredha crína, SG 28.12 . cliath críon `crumbling fence', Aithd. D. 1.18 . ceirte críona na coire, TSh. 6963 . tirim crīon (finger), Beatha S. F. 1322 .

Compar. nír bo críne acac an fiodhach the sticks did not become drier, Mart. Don. 176.18 . Superl. crinem feada no claidem .i. ibar (letter i in ogam), Auraic. 5658 .

As subst. o: fear gá mbia críon as a chul, DDána 42.12 `críne (?)', Gloss. (i.e. a lifelong sinner (?), Notes) (cf. dream do sgar críne re col, 10 ). go dtí dhíom an tighe / do chríon nó d'úr m'aimsire in old age, Dán Dé v 31 . mōr da snath mo chros da crin, ACL iii 237 § 30 = mór do [sgath] mo [chos] do chríon `much of my limbs' bloom is withered (?)', Aithd. D. 62.30 . Of firewood: da chr. ┐ do lassamain, MU² 810 . loisc a críon burn when dry (of holly), SG 245.36 . Of an old woman: caillech . . . / mairg dorad taobh risin cc.¤ , BS 126.15 .

Compds. With nouns: iar crín-amarc `dimness of sight', Metr. Dinds. i 18.72 . críon-bhrat na coire, TSh. 7052 . cladach do chríonbhruisg . . . gall withered mob, Hackett² 6.4 . do chlann chaem gan crín-chésad, Leb. Cert.² 158.28 (-cesacht, v.l.). ceap críonchonnaidh, DDána 50.21 . i crinchumgaib na catrach (of prison), SR 7416 . nību crāeb crīnfeda, Corp. Gen. 56.9 . Sentainne ┐ Senbachlach / rop seis srofais a crínḟess, LL 22271 (see strofais). ni choitelaind hi crinlis `old liss', Ériu v 36.29 . fá h-imram crīn-luingi, ML² 1140 . do réir an chríonráidh, Ó Bruad. iii 88.5 . ní torthach crann 'n-a chríontamhan, Aithd. D. 89.38 .

With adjj.: ag buain guirt críon-abaidh (sic leg.), Cog. 255.9 . muilleoir . . . cringranna, RC ix 482 n.9 . in rí crínlíath can déta, RC xiii § 154 . crínsheirgthe, Oss. iii 252.23 . With adjj. derived from nouns: do chosnum Chruinn chrín-bríathraig, Metr. Dinds. iv 126.44 . crínbhriathrach .i. briscbhriathrach, O'Cl. cathsciatha crincaidleacha having withered skins, CCath. 483 n. C. crín-chossach `of the withered foot', Metr. Dinds. ii 2.17 . coscaíl cen[n]líath crinchlothaig, LL 4619 . senoir crithach crindiblidi, Cog. 186.24 . balc .i. crinḟiaclach, O'Curry 1460 ( H 3.18, 650a ). dobhen an cenn . . . críonḟoltach dhe grey-haired , Ériu v 182.348 . C. . . . mac Brocṡalaig Cringlúnigh, Dinds. 157 . a camain crinlamaigh, IT iii 103.22 .

n m. looseness (of nails, rivets) (?): only noted in Laws Comm., in g s., in reference to accidents in connection with buildings, chariots, boats, (the use of) flails, sledges, etc., and rendered defect: slan dfir in carbait ce foglaid in carbat risium, acht na raib fis crine na etallais na haicbeile Laws iii 266.1 . slan an[d] dfir in ethair cia foghail in t-et[h]ar riusam acht na raib fis etallais, 208.21 . madh si in chual rofuachtnaig and iar na gnimugud ┐ iar na suigigud, ┐ ni roibe fis forcraide na haicbeile na hetfollais aice, 174.14 . slainti espu ┐ etorbu do cētsceinm na suisti can fis ettollais do cul na de taib, v 158.20 . iii 222.4 . na huile denta so...ō na bia fis forcraidh no aicbeile no etallais ...is slan iat, iii 166 w . slainte...do cētsceinm an uird can fis ettollais. aithsceinm liac .i. bró in muilind cin fis ettollais v 158.22 . Cf. next.

n ā, f. (cf. 2 fert ?) in late Mid. Ir. by metathesis also fersat, —aid ; mod. fearsaid ` spindle .' n s. fertas, LU 5250 = fertais, TBC-I¹ 773 . g s. feirtse, Laws iv 108.6 Comm. a du. eter di fertais , LU 5066 . n p. fertsi, LU 8595 . TBC-I¹ 2512 . feirsti, Mart. Don. 154.14 . fersde, TBC-I¹ 2580 . a p. fertse LU 5260 . fertsi, 5252 . feirtsi, TBC-I¹ 2506 . feirstte, ZCP x 283.21 . g p. fertas, LU 5251. 5258 . fersad, ZCP viii 539y . d p. feirtsib, Alex. 232 . fersib, TBC-I¹ 2549 . A pole or stake , esp.

(a) a shaft attached to a chariot and possibly also a spoke ; occas. translated `axle,' a rendering based on O'Mulc. 524 (cited below) and on Lat. axis in Colgan's Trias Thaum. p. 390a , corresponding to feirsti an carpait, Mart. Don. 154.14 ; but the word is pl. in the latter passage, and in the majority of exx. `fertas' is used in dual or plural of a single chariot. The word may have been used both of shaft and axletree (see PICCS XIII 281 , but chariot-pole according to Greene, The Iron Age in the Irish Sea Province 67 , and swingletree according to Sayers, Études Celt. xxi 176 ). The f.¤ could be of holly-wood : na fertse cuilinn, TBC-I¹ 784 . Cf. cuilenn ? fer for araili inn sin, ┐ feirse carpaid, Laws iv 150.2 ; of [plated with (?)] metal : co ḟeirtsib ... óir ┐ argaid, Alex. 232 . in carpat co fersib credumaib, TBC-I¹ 2549 . Cf. 2331 . a charpat ... cona ḟeirtsib findruine, RC xliii 62.25 . In the follg. exx. the word seems used of a chariot-shaft projecting either in front of the chariot or more often behind : ech ... fil do desḟertais in charpait, LU 10207 (obviously a front-shaft). The f.¤ was attached to the chariot-frame : (all that remained of a chariot :) bass dina fertsib immon creitt, TBC-LL¹ 6070 (but cf. the parallel passages : bas dona fertsaibh im in roth, H, Add. ; dorn dona fersib imon droch, TBC-I¹ 3639 ; the prep. imm may mean here `on both sides of' or `including'). fertsi crúadi colgdirgi (dist. from droch, roth, all, sithbe, cuing), LU 9261 . A person could sit on it : co n-accai ... in n-aenmnaí for fertais in charpait, TBC-LL¹ 202 (but the sense is not clear). It could be detached and used as a pole for other purposes : domroched f.¤ mo charpait co ro ḟromur in n-áth give me the shaft ... that I may test the (depth of the) ford RC xiv 422.17 . cid nach srengai feirtsi in charpait fom thaib ┐ mo ḟogaimen fom chind co rocodlaind colleic? TBC-I¹ 2506 (where the `feirtsi' and `fogaimen' seem converted into a kind of litter) = scaroidh feirstte ┐ forgeime mu charboitt fum, ZCP x 283.21 . scar dam fortcha ┐ forgemen mo charpait fóm, TBC-LL¹ 3285 . Animals could be attached to the `fertse' behind : gebis da n-ag ... ceṅglais d'fertsib ┐ d'ithisib ┐ d'iallaib in charpait, TBC-LL¹ 1324 (= cumraigis itir dia ḟeirt, TBC-I¹ 690 , see 2 fert). teilcid [in ngai] a ndiaid A. co ndechaid tresin milco[i]n bui eter da fertas in carpait, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 34.10 . Further exx. : forrurim a láim eter di fertais in carpait, co mmebaid in carbat , LU 5066 . ar samailtur nime [ = ar insamlaiter nemed, SM Facs. 5b ] fri beusa carpuit (.i. cach tuidme tuidhmes nech docum in carpait do dul ind is uad uatuasluices feirtsi in carpuit ┐ a rothae), O'D. 508 (< H 3.17, 413 ; cf. Laws iv 374.27 Comm. ). da n-impōind m'aigid ... noragdais fersde charpait triam chūlmuinēl, TBC-I¹ 2580 . rogab in cú fertais in charpait fo Ailill ... is and donáraill F. ara Aililla ... corrala a cholaind for leth ┐ co ro an a chend i fertais in charpait, IT i 106.1 ( ScM. 19 ). is mo chend-sa ... imcoicertár ... eter fertsib [ferstib v.l.] carpat, BDD 81 . cor ránic [in snechta] ... co fertsib carpat, LL 264a33 ( MU² 307 ). Acall. 3510 . gia ra-thiasmáis i ndib carptib and ... ní rossed crú nā roth nā fonnud nā f.¤ dib [lár], TBC-LL¹ 5865 . in tan romebsat da fhertais in carpait, Lism. L. 3498 = fracte sunt due rote currus V. SS. Hib. i 102.32 . brisitt feirsti an carpait do bí faoi, acus gach uair da ndaingnighthi iad an tan do teigheadh P. is in carpat do brisdis doridhisi, Mart. Don. 154.14 . The gloss : fertais carpuit quia uertitur cum rota , O'Mulc. 524 (= spoke ?) may be due to freq. association of the word with `roth,' cf. TBC-LL¹ 5865 and TBC-I¹ 3639 quoted above. Or does it imply that the word was applied to an external projection of the axle? Fig. of a hero ? f.¤ búada for a blai `chariot-pole of victory' Metr. Dinds. ii 80 (but the expression may refer to the rath of Alend, cf. Acall. 4114 quoted s.v. 2 fertas).

(b) a stick used for winding or spinning yarn, etc. a spindle: f.¤ snimae quia uertitur digitis , O'Mulc. 524 . fersad (gl. fusus), Ir. Gl. 568 . feartas n-olla (n s.) `a spindle full of woollen yarn' Laws v 214.18 Comm. ni tabair acht ... fertais, ii 378.28 Comm . damna feirtse `the makings of a spindle (of wool)' iv 108.6 Comm . damna teora fertas 116.9 Comm .

(c) of other objects : a spike projecting from a horizontal cooking-spit (?) : Fulacht na morrigna ... tricha bir do bid ass ┐ tricha drol ┐ tricha fertas ` spindles ' Celt. Rev. viii 74 = Mackinnon Cat. 133 . A rung (of a ladder) : a ḟeartais āraid (leg. feartas : cleachtus), IT iii 85 § 84 . a ḟeartais abraind, 102 § 189 ( fertas, Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss. i 70 ) = Bruchst.. i § 83 , 86 (where Meyer reads : a f.¤ a broinn. Used contemptuously of a person). COMPD. ¤lorg a mace, club: fertas-lorcc iaraind, TBC-LL¹ 5529 St. Cf. lorg-fertas.