v (* ad-reth-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 598 . The form adreth- is perh. in some exx. to be taken as perf. of at-etha . See also ind-reith and ZCP xxv 246-7 ). Indic. pres. 3 s. ad-reith, ZCP xi 97 § 62 . Pass. sg. ad-rethar, ib. Subj. pres. 3 s. matrorais, O'D. 1564 (H 5. 15, 3b) = matroiris, O'Curry 512 (H 3.18, 259). 3 s. ad-roir, Laws ii 122.3 . Cf. atomrai .i. domfainic, RC xxi 401.24 Pass. sg. ad-rorasdar, O'Dav. 91 . atroraisitar, 1372 . -arustar, Laws iv 240.11 . -aristar, 114.27 . ?Subj. impf. 3 s. -airsed, RC xxii 402.1 . pass. sg. adroreasta, Laws iv 104.3 Comm. pret. and perf. 3 s. -arraid, BDD² 300 . 3 pl. ataroirthet[ar, TBC-I¹ 2951 . adrartatar, ZCP viii 313.20 . With s-pret. 1 s. atarethusa, LU 9394 . 3 pl. adrethsat, 5444 . adreithset, Rawl. 84b24 .

Vn. árad?

Cf. ar-reith.

(a) runs towards, attains to: adreith richid réde, Fél. Prol. 120 . adreth (adreith, atreith, v.ll.) riched rúnach, dunad Adriáni, Nov. 6. adreth (adreith, v.l.) buaid úas búadaib `the reward above rewards she has attained', Aug. 30. ?conid iar sin adrith (no rogabh) A. eired . . . alaile miled imbi, BB 495b1 = Alex. 765 .

(b) attacks: dollotar . . . in slōig ataroirthet[ar] araid Ulad the charioteers of Ulster attacked them, TBC-I¹ 2951 . iar sin atarethusa / cíar adbol a ndrong / co ndernus a n-ordnecha I attacked them . . . and crushed them to pieces, LU 9394 . adreidset leirg Liphi láin, Rawl. 84b24 . atreithsid biodhbhaidh fríu fria hedail forta, BNnÉ 106 § 22 . Of attack in chess: gabsait imbirt na fer fithchille . . . adrethsat (adresad v.l., TBC-I¹ 968 ) na firu oír ┐ argait tarsin clár crédumae, LU 5444 .

(c) overtakes; arrests: téit ina ndíaid . . . ┐ nisn-árraid he did not overtake them, BDD² 300 . luid dono Conall Cernach . . . connarruith Ailill ┐ Meidb hi Tailltin, ZCP iv 47.9 . odhilse neich adrorasdar isin ceatramad feis i.e. full forfeiture of whatever shall be caught in the fourth trespass, Laws iv 104.4 Comm. eirlim acht adroirisdair a ndiaid riasiu ro drengad taris, 8 Comm. dilsi neich adroir diib inna thir `such of them as he shall catch', ii 122.3 Comm. mana arustar for a lepuidh, iv 240.11 .i. mana tarrtaither, 242.6 Comm. mas rullatside cona [a]rustar forra `if they have absconded so that they cannot be caught', 240.9 . ?riasiu co narustar co derbḟine, 242.2 . i.e. before a claim is made on the `derbfine', Plummer MS. notes. nechtar da lina adrorastar a crich a cheili, O'Curry 804 (H 3.18, 372b) = hitrorustar, O'Curry 22 (ib. 10 a). ?ní áirsed augra in dá túathmáil `that he should not settle(?) the quarrel. . . ', RC xxii 402.1 . Cf. ní ahurrais augra . . . (ar-fuirig), BDD² 181 n. ?aic-siu macu imin smacht so . . . co neoch adroirter fort di nasc a rer brethaman .i. do neach is adha do tharrachtain do dhlestin dit, O'Curry 2729 (Eg. 88, 61b).

Cf. atnúarat.

n (Lat. ēdictum, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 209 . See LEIA Perh. rather adoptare, Marstrander, Lochlann ii 206 . Not a loan-word, O'Rahilly, Ériu xiii 161 n. 4 and see also ZCP xxxix 53 , Ériu xxiv 183-85 , xxix 154 ). Also audacht, idacht, udacht, edocht, aidachta. Decl. varies: as m. g s. in aidechta , AU i 54.2 . udhacht m. (g s. and n p. udhaicht, udhachta), IGT Decl. § 25 . udhachda m., § 2 . Also ā, f. a s. udaichd, Parrth. Anma 5688 . g s. na hudhachda , 5875 . Note also a s. udhachtain, RC xiv 62 § 77 .

Will, testament, bequest: issí inso coibse Fétho Fio ┐ aedocht di bliadin re mbas dáu du manchuib Drommo Lías `this is his bequest two years before his death to the monks of Druim Lías', Trip. ii 338.21 ( Thes. ii 238.18 (Ardm.)). ba hésin a hedacht adbul / dia chlaind, LL 16091 ( Todd Nenn. 248.203 ). Audacht Morainn, name of a tract, precepts to a young king given by Morann at his death, ZCP xi 73 . udhucht Aithirne ann so do thairchedal gheine Criosd, Ériu xiii 18.24 . fáidis Morand in n-audacht sa chuice, ZCP xi 80 § 1 . a n-aimsir ar mbáis; ar n-udhachd do dhéunamh gan mho[i]ll, Parrth. Anma 5864 . do réir udhachta Oiliolla Óluim, Keat. iii 3118 . lá an udhochta day of my death(?), PBocht 17.22 . ge ratuillsium mallachtain / nir' millsim ar n-udhachtain we have not perverted our confession(?), RC xiv 62 § 77 . In strict law a name for a will made in articulo mortis (3 imna name for one made in bodily health), Plummer, Ériu ix 31 . The distinction, however, is not always observed: cach n-ord iarna cirt . . . ┐ a nudacht a nimna co rabat don eclais iar netla uird, Laws iii 32.z . a nudacht .i. fri bas, 34.14 Comm. is amluidh sin ranntar a imna ┐ a udacht, 68.4 Comm. cuit neclaise fris a mbi audacht, iv 194.26. mád espug cin uducht, i 202.y Comm. ro fag mac Seain a nudacht nar gabudur . . . cóir na cert uaid timcell Anaidh moir `Mac S. provided in his will that they should derive no title to Annaghmore from him' (Plummer MS. notes), O'D. 1961 ( Eg. 90 fo. 7(8)c ). muna tarraid ughacht itir é a denam donti ro marb he co nach roibe caomthachta a fhastaithi aici, O'Curry 1651 (26 Q 6 p. 21a) i.e. if he (the slain thief) died without confessing, the slayer must prove that he had no other means of stopping the thief than by killing him, Plummer MS. notes. Attrib. g s. doḟagaib in scrin ac a comarba udachta testamentary successor, ZCP xiv 152.13 . cloc in aidechta, AU i 54.2 (a famous bell at Armagh said to have been bequeathed by St. Patrick, see Reeves Ad. pp. 205 , 323 ). i ndigail sharaighthi cluicc ind edechta, 582.12 . cleirig an Chluig n Udachta do marbad ann, RC xviii 268.18 (Tig.). Solamh . . . maor cluig an edhachta, AFM iii 608.13 . delg aidechta, a brooch bequeathed to Iona by Colum Cille, Reeves Ad. 205 .

The thing bequeathed, bequest, legacy: Epscop Aed bói i Sléibti luid du Ardd Machae. birt edoct cu Segéne du Ard Machae. dobert Segene oitherroch a.¤ du Áid ┐ adopart Áed a.¤ ┐ a chenél ┐ a eclis du Pátricc cu bbráth. fáccab Aed a.¤ la Conchad Aed was bishop in Slebte . . . he brought a bequest to Segéne in Armagh. Segéne gave the bequest again to Aed and Aed offered his bequest and his kin and his church to Patrick forever. Aed left his bequest with Conchad, Thes. ii 242.17 (Ardm.) ( Trip. ii 346.22 ). audacht ceneoil a tribal heirloom, IT iii 199.29 .

In phrase fri a.¤ (báis) at the point of death: robái fri feba cach thucht / a ben Eua fria iducht i.e. at his deathbed to receive his last words, SR 2028 . dollotar fir . . . / . . . fria hedacht `to receive her last behest', Metr. Dinds. iv 148.40 . cach bean fri hudacht mbais, Laws v 454.28 Comm. nā bad marb hé co mbeith-som fria hudacht a báis that he should not die till C. should be at his deathbed, BColm. 46.16 . erbaidh do A. co mbeth F. ria udhacht, Lism. L. 2885 . in tan robui Alax. fria hidhacht a bais i mBáibiloin when A. was dying, Alex. 1108 . fā[g]bhuim-si an peacthach bochd reum udhachda báis, Parrth. Anma 5877 . Note also: audacht .i. uath fri feacht .i. antan tēte in duine fri fecht n-ūatha .i. bāis, Corm. Y 38 .

In more general sense: do ním d'udhachta ar a fhuil / a cumhachta gur cubhuidh `I solemnly attest his race', Arch. Hib. i 91 § xv . fa hí ughachta mhóráin / nár dhíol róghráidh ar ndáinne `many protested', Studies 1918. 617 § 3 . ?budh árus ócch d'udhachtuibh, Acall. (Leabh. ó Laimhsgr.) i 218.3 .

n [iā] f. See Lochlann ii 221-2 .

(a) As vn. act of guarding, watching over, tending, caring for: a.¤ inna aithche huile gl. uigelando, Ml. 95d10 . ara mbethe ico n-airi co llocharnnaib (of guarding relics), Trip.² 2828 . mo arise duib innocht olse fri triar caém dia muntir . . . is amluid . . . robatar ocond a.¤ you guard me tonight, LL 282a36 . ba marb-sa da iṅgnais de / cen co ti-sium dam a.¤ , to tend me, TFerbe 485 . roḟitir Cormac ord n-a.¤ (na ha.¤, v.l.) the order of the watch, Ériu iii 137.55 . are in puirt na tora tascur don lir, Laws i 128.12 Comm. tú liaigh na hanma d'a.¤ , Dán Dé vii 20 . Of `waking' the dead: clérich H. dollotar d'airi P., Thes. ii 320.3 (Hy. ii). batar ic airi in chuirp isna aidchib, Trip.² 3008 . baí . . . acc a.¤ na ccorp co nonóir, AFM ii 780.2 . airet robatur sruithi E. ica a.¤ , Lism. L. 636 . Note also: a.¤ (.i. grādh nó troscud) na sanct ina fēil (B. na f.), ZCP v 486 § 9 . In hostile sense looking out for (in order to attack): do bhiodhbha is é t'fhear faire / . . . / an t-olc reimhe is é ar th'a.¤ on the look-out for you, DDána 10.8 . na cóig námhaid do ní ar gclodh / . . . / a n-a.¤ nó go ndeach dhíom / bíodh faire ar an dteach i dtám until I cease to look out for them (i.e. the five senses), Dán Dé ix 7 .

(b) notice, heed, attention: dobéer desemmrecht dúib . . . frissacomricfea far n-a.¤ `I will now give you an example which your attention will attain to', Wb. 12c35 . connach cuiread as a airi cathuchud na T., and he could not put the fighting out of his mind, TTebe 1257 . tóghbaidh sé a n-a.¤ dona neithibh saoghalta it takes their mind off earthly things, TSh. 9272 .

Used in a large variety of idioms with verbs and prepositions.

(c) With prec. prep. in sét atá form' a.¤ , `the path on which I am intent', Ériu vi 115.3 . ní suan fír baoith boi ar mh'a.¤ `that I was bent on', Mart. Don. Dec. 4 . bith ar th'a.¤ take heed, Ériu iii 145 § 24 . is aithnid damh-sa créd ata ar h'aire `I know what is in thy thought', ZCP vi 58.24 . ní beag do thír é ar a ha.¤ , TD 29.4 . is edh sin . . . tuccadh ar mh'aire-si gurbho gillae amhulcach ócc tusa, Irish Texts iii 15.9 . With do-cuirethar: doralus ar m'airi / gréschi occa ṅguidi, Fél. Prol. 15 . oebind na tarla ar m'a.¤ , LL 210a19 . is trén tárla ar a airi strongly was his attention engaged, Hy Fiach. 210 . diongna an ní tharla ar th'a.¤ `strange is the task you undertake', Content. xiv 4 . do-beir x do a.¤ pays attention to x, heeds x: is tabartha do airi . . . indus in cheneōil cosa tīagam, TBC-I¹ 327 . ní rabi d'esbaid . . . ar duni . . . ríam a ra tucad da ari acht co facced R. that he would heed, MU² 701 . tabrad cách dia airi co ticfa bráth, LU 2495 . in tan nach tabrai dot airi in senoir Anachis . . . dobeth isin gabad atait, Aen. 570 . tan nā taibret dia n-a.¤ / na pīana . . ., Ériu iii 29 § 2 . tabhair dot a.¤ . . . nách ccuirfe aonchuid don choimhthionól ad leith guarded, Desid. 6483 . tabhair dot airi . . . nách drochumhla atá agat mirad, 1971 . an dtabhair Aodh dá a.¤? does A. pay heed to? TD 4.36 . tug th'a.¤ nach breith le báidh / do thagra féin ar Niall náir, Content. iv 2 . Note also: antar frim a.¤ co n-accar in coimriti in fer isind airide, ZCP viii 120.16 . ? fáilte ni thaet imm a.¤ , LL 261a40 ( IT i 79 ).

(d) With follg. prepp. With DI: do chloinn dochoidh a n-a.¤ they had given up hope of children, DDána 27a. 10 . With DO: masa th'airi téit don brut . . . rot fia if your mind is set on the mantle, LU 3112 . mairg a.¤ do chuaid don gus alas that attention was paid to the fierce advice(?), MR 14.23 . do bhéar-sa a.¤ dhuid-se / tar cheann Torna san troid-se `on behalf of T. I will face you', Content. vi 2 . With FOR (AR): roloisc[s]et a mbar(a)ca . . . conapedh a n-a.¤ for teiched `so that they should not think of retreating', RC xii 58 § 9 . dá mbeith a n-a.¤ oram if they heeded me, Dán Dé xxv 10 . ní bí a.¤ ac lucht an oilein sin ar raed ar bith acht ar chogad `the folk of that island care for nothing . . .', Maund. 168 . od conncatar goill a.¤ cenél C. for an marcsluaigh `when the English saw that the attention of C. was directed towards the cavalry', AFM iii 320.y . bídh a.¤ mhór agom orra I take great care of them, Desid. 6356 . With prec. do-cuirethar: is air dorala a a.¤ on this his mind became set, RC xxxvii 348 § 57 . is í sin aimser a tarrla a.¤ ríg na hE. ar fad aontuma a ingine, ML² 492 . ón lá tarrla ar n-airi air `as long as we can remember', Ériu iv 220 § 34 . With FRI: cóir are re dīgail Dé it is right to beware of God's vengeance, BColm. 100.5 . bíd th'a.¤ frisin lá atbél `keep watch for the day of my death', Metr. Dinds. iii 212.37 . ó nach raib a n-a.¤ re himgabáil a dtáisig for they had no intention of . . . Caithr. Thoirdh. 40.5 . amhail na biadh a a.¤ fri a niarmhóireacht itir `as though he had no intention of pursuing them', AFM v 1852.11 . a fhiarfaige dé an roibe sa baili enní re roibe a a.¤ no suil aige `anything that he liked', L. Chl. S. 44.1 . t'a.¤ rum, a rí na mbreath `list to me', Aithd. D. 51.11 . ar n-aireine re hiath Cuinn / ag triath dhaighfhine Dhomhnuill `my thought of Conn's land belonging in future time to Mac D.'s brave host', 29.15 . With prec. téit: na dechaidh a hairi re commamdacht uad (she said) that her mind was not turned to wedlock with him, CCath. 1150 . dochoidh . . . cidh mh'airi-si m'oenar ria boin I had set my mind on a cow all for myself, Lism. L. 1582 . = imm boin, Three Hom. 78.13 . úair ní th-ari-siu téit ria since it is no concern of yours, Ériu i 134.4 . ní dechaidh a hairi-si fri feall furri do Ænias she did not expect that deception would be practised on her by A., Aen. 788 . ní mó téit m'a.¤-si rem' comfurtacht duid nor have I any hope that you will help me, ZCP vi 64.23 . With I N-: admhaim go dtéid mh'a.¤ inn / gach ní ad-chím 's ad-chluinim, DDána 60.24 . tuc a a.¤ 'sin ningin, ZCP viii 268 § 45 . With IMM: dochuaid . . . cid m'a.¤ si m'oenar imm boin I had set my heart on having a cow all for myself, Three Hom. 78.13 = fria boin, Lism. L. 1582 . ro bo lughaide a n-a.¤ . . . fá fhaillidhe in comuill `they less than ever were inclined to fail in execution', etc., Caithr. Thoirdh. 103.y .

(e) As interj. look, take care: are, in gai-se for Bude, ol C. LU 5798 ( TBC-I¹ 1326 ). th'a.¤ chugat, a Uí L. look out , Maguires of F. 21 .

Later faire q.v.

n d, m. Also cur (see GOI 51 ). ? g p. corad, Fél. Prol. 167 . Later n s. curaid. g s. in churaidh , Duan. F. ii 52 § 74 (see Gloss.) d s. ón choraidh , PBocht 13.27 . n p. curaidhe, ML 14.12 . f. in: an churadh nár thláth (n s.), Párl. na mB. 2285 .

Warrior, hero : roart c.¤ , Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 25.10 . cernach c.¤ , Corp. Gen. 9.8 . no daimtis cauraid cára, 283.11 . dál inna caurath, LU 8750 ( FB 56 ). sian caurad (feat of Cú Chulainn), 5972 (TBC). do neoch ba sruthem . . . inna caurad, 4980 = ina churad, TBC-I¹ 491 . in c.¤ cétach, Metr. Dinds. iii 154.33 . nar c.¤ rus romaith (.i. trenfer .i. daghlaech), Ériu ii 3.5 (B. na f.). déca a churadu co mbríg, LU 3600 ( SCC 30 ). ni faigebasu curaid caín . . . bádam fiusa, 3912 ( 42 ). dollotar . . . a triur churad, 9037 ( FB 79 ). is cur caín cathbúadach (of Cú Chulainn), 8956 ( 71 ). cach curaid a gleó, ACL iii 227.37 . da chur ┐ dá chainnill (of Castor and Pollux), LL 31110 ( TTr. 295 ). fo chīch curad / crēchtaig, Sc.M² 15 . cur cat[h]ach, Corm. Y 398 . ? C. cona churu (cor dar curu, v.l.), Anecd. i 49 § 20 . roordaich curadu (curaidh, v.l.) croda re cathugud, TTebe 2715 . Uilliam Congcar [cur gan locht], Aithd. D. 38.17 . ? Cf. in cuir cruaid, Fen. 220.8 . i n-aimsir na gcuradh ┐ na Féine, TSh. 5754 . in c.¤ ┐ in cathmilid, TTr.² 27 . cauraid cholma, Rawl. 84a41 . ceann na gcuradh gcaithinnilte, DDána 89.13 . a mír churadh is chugam do díorghadh, Keat. Poems 1595 (see compds.).

Attrib. gen. warriorlike : a céim curad, MacCarthy 178 § 4 . a adhuath errad ┐ a chruas churadh (of Hercules), Stair Erc. 1348 . i n-a c[h]rom-ruathar c[h]urad, ML² 277 . gurab eirghe curadh / bidh ulad cech cúile, BNnÉ 308.y . dá shúil churad, RC xiii 82 § 89 . fled chaurad a feast fit for warriors, LU 8795 ( FB 59 ). 8821 ( 62 ). míad curad cathbúadach, 3847 ( SCC 38 ). As n.pr. m.: Cáur mac Da Láth, LU 5987 (TBC). .u. Caurith, 6522 (TBC).

In compds. the form is curad-. With nouns: curadchomhlond ` heroic conflict ', TTebe 3098 . curadmír warrior's portion : Incipit Fled Bricrend ┐ in Curathmír Emna Macha (title), LU 8038 . do thabairt in curadmire do neach díb, 8972 ( FB 72 ). go dtarla imreasan fá'n gcuraidhmhír idir Chonall Chearnach ┐ Choin gCulainn, Keat. ii 3072 . With adjj.: i nDruim Chetta churadchoem of the fair warriors, RC xx 138.17 (ACC). cuingedha curadhcúisecha ` hardy warriors ', ZCP vi 29.15 . See cora(i)d, 3 curach.

n ā, f. IGT Decl. § 39 (91.13) . See Ériu xviii 99 .

(a) tree-trunk, tree : a bun cleithi na crand, BB 497a13 . cleatha ag fás . . . a cnuas `the tree's growth from acorns', Dán Dé ix 26 . an úir . . . / ag brosdadh ar chlúimh na gcleath the foliage of the trees, DDána 106.22 . do sgeach dhonn / cleath chorr do-chíthe ós do chionn (to a hill), Ir. Syll. Poetry 31 § 1 . dá cleathaibh ceannchroma, 70 § 2 . nach faghar éinchleath aimrid, O'R. Poems 3753 . deargcna cleath go caol gcolptha (i.e. the tree bending with the weight of nuts . . . ), O'Hara 4062 . ubla ag fecadh na gcleth gcorr, IGT Decl. ex. 528 . trí haithriocha fhear nEamhna / glainchleatha feadh bhfíneamhna `bright stalks', O'Hara 272 .

(b) house-post, stake, pole : is bēsad na cleithe, is balc oc lār, is caol oc clēithe, Corm. Y 275 . clí .i. cleath, O'Cl. cleath gl. tignus [tignum], Ir. Gl. 485 . guth domadbat trie clethae (: domincrechae, leg. -a: -a), Liad. and Cuir. 18.15 (`through the wattled wall' ? leg. between the posts). sesrech oc tabairt cecha clethi, LU 8059 ( FB 2 ). ro brisiset cleith di clethaib ind rigthige . . . conid sí conar dollotar a mná chucu isin tech, 8371 ( 25 ). in rightheagh . . . ┐ a chleatha . . . do credumae ┐ a cael d'airgid, IT iii 195 § 34 . la tabairt forgoba inna bruinni co mboí isin cleith fris anall (the man pierced by the spear was between the king and the wall), LU 4369 . in cu araig do nomad cleth on dorus, [┐ ni cuaille crin cuachda], Laws iii 412.20 Comm. ar-sesar clithem cletha `the spearman(?) sat by the houseposts', Ériu xix 82 § 6 . cona farcaib cleith no slait no scolb . . . nadicsed as a inad, LB 216a59 . do thighibh bláithe cleath gcorr with tapering posts, Ériu v 58.103 . roga ro-ch.¤ ┐ slemain slatchaolaig, ML² 1065 . co rug Eochaidh a chend leis a teach Theamrach co rochuir for cleith cháerthaind, Metr. Dinds. iv 272.15 . cor chland cleatha ann (as a sign of taking possession), Ériu xvi 66.82 . trī maic B. . . . ciatarochlan[n]sat cletha hi Temuir, ZCP viii 313.18 . sáid in cleith lium ol Ciarán, SG 73.10 . a gcleath do chor i dtalamh, TSh. 6969 . By extension, of a musical instrument (cf. use of crann): ní reich a diomdha ar a dáimh / gidh iomdha dháibh go gcleith gceoil `with their harps', Magauran 3986 (cf. also clíath cíuil s.v. clíath).

c.¤ chengail tie-beam, cross-beam (?). Fig. mar ch.¤ cengail ar in síthcháin `in order to clench such peace', Caithr. Thoirdh. 9.14 . mar chleathaibh ceangail ar an bhfál bhfírinne `as binding wattles, as clinchers', Gloss., TSh. 6714 . cleith cheangail ar charcair an chrábhaidh (of God's grace), 1470 .

(c) spear : in cath . . . / ba cummasc claideb is ch.¤ , LL 29033 . clansat cletha dogra trít, 952 . scarthain risin slóg saer suthain / nachar chlaen re clethaib, SG 353.6 . ac bualad cleithi ar slinden h. Conchobair, Ann. Conn. 1342.3 . mor c.¤ tre choluinn, Fen. 376.20 . fan gcleith nó fan gcloidheamh, DDána 98.21 . laoich ag géarughadh chleath gcaol, O'Hara 2547 .

(d) goad : casaidh cleith ndírigh ndóibsigh / d'óinsigh eich . . . , IGT Decl. ex. 733 . atáid bríathra an eagnuidh amhuil cleatha ┐ amhuil tairngidh ar na ndaingniughadh (`goads'), Eccles. xii 11 .

(e) Fig. warrior, chief : rochuir cath Carmain in ch.¤ / Fiachu Labrain `the chieftain', Metr. Dinds. iii 460.13 . Conoll in cleath nemdaer, 362.82 . a cathmílid . . . ┐ a cléth bága (of Achilles), TTr.² 1621 . da laech . . . da comlaid catha, da cleith ugra, Cog. 56.y . cuailledha trēna Tuathail . . . ┐ cletha cosanta Cuind (of the colamain Temrach), ML² 1363 . a chleath Eamhna, Aithd. D. 37.33 . bláth na gcleath `the choice princes', Content. xxx 37 . Cf. ar cleith mBóinne `the princess of the Bóinn', Aithd. D. 11.22 .

(f) Of hair: a bharr na gcleath gclaon `of flowing locks', Aithd. D. 54.5 . earla fiar na gcleath gceiníl `wavy hair tressed in native fashion', O'Hara 1911 . Cf. a chúl fionn na bhfaichleath gcas, Magauran 2506 .

(g) In phr. cletha cridi(?): crū a cleithib cridhe crūaid, / fuil a feithib . . . , ZCP vii 299.15 .

(h) Of uncertain meaning: o ro gabsat cóir na c.¤ / nocorb allic dóib teched, TFerbe 621 . cruth glacanach / cleath liac lupanach, IT iii 98 § 158 . cleath ag leith dá toigh mo theagh `my house stands as a supporting buttress to her castle', Aithd. D. 1.15 (leg. cleath i gcleith which may have a technical sense? Ed.'s note). muna mbeath [a] each is a ara / do ba [a] leath cleath dala dhóibh, DDána 110.34 (`half of them (his troops) would have been an encumbrance(?) to them', Ir. Monthly 1920, 264 ).

Compds. With noun. clethail chachta (? leg. -aile c.), Arch. Hib. ii 48 § 4 . Con Corb cen nach clethalt (2 alt), ZCP xii 436 § 8 ( LL 4854 ). maith ro cumad in cleathbhaile / sa clochtaighe, IGT Met. Faults § 58 . clethblugaid Ērenn, armach Line, airsid Āi, ZCP iii 466.26 (Baile in Scáil) (= 2 blogaid). da churaid, da chlethbriugaid, TBC-LL¹ 5376 (prob. read -blugaid). cleth caillti . . . do slegaib `forest of spears', MR 224.1 . cona tuighi co clet[h]coilltibh aigh, CCath. 4980 . Art cen chleth-cheird fo chaire `A. whose skill of spear was faultless', Metr. Dinds. iii 368.23 ( LL 20890 ). ¤chlann: Mael Sechnaill . . . de chlethchlaind Chuind Chétchathaig, LL 15931.17240 . cabsaid cach cruach fa cleth-ḟál `wattle hedges', Hy Fiach. 194.3 . a ccleathLuidhne `Luighne of the lances(?)', O'Hara 3065 . ¤orddan see below s.v. cleth-ard. clethcumgugad a cliab-asnaid ag a comdrud i cenn a cheile, MR 256.21 .

With adj. a shluagh Caisil cleathaluind, Caithr. CC 6.16 . ¤ard: Senan . . . c. .i. ar clethordan, LB 241a23 . cleathard .i. clothard no clúard, O'Cl. in Cletiuch dno is clethbuidig catha, ZCP iii 242 § 42 . Druim Cetta clethcháin (: noem g s.), RC xx 140.15 (ACC Comm.). ríoghradh chleathchorcra Chonnacht `red-speared', Studies 1920, 566 § 9 . go Domhnall gcleathchorr gCairbreach, DDána 64.31 . do chionn Cheallachain chleathchuirr, Caithr. CC 25.10 . Conla clethgarg, LL 15056 . BB 47a54 . ón Bhúill chuirmthe chleithghil `overhung with white branches', O'Hara 1775 . do ṡíol chleithleabhar Chonuill `long-speared', TD 7.47 . gu Croit Cualachta clethmhoir, Lism. L. 4764 . fri muintir Crimthaind cleth-núi, Metr. Dinds. iii 164.22 . tri deichnemhair fa sgeimh sgol / na bhḟein chleithremair . . . , LL 394.2 . slóigh cleithreamhra `stout of spear', Aithd. D. 19.13 . co Cathair comsech clethrúad red-speared, LL 25312 . clethruad Cualann `the red shafted hero of Cuala', Ériu xvii 40 § 15 . gilla . . . / catlas i Casiul chlethruad, LL 19427 .

With adj. derived from noun. cona borbsluaghaib cletharmacha coisidhedh, Caithr. Thoirdh. 15.9 . barr cleathmhongach na gclodh lag `with a sheltering mane', TD 2.23 . d'úib comraicmera clethuillecha . . . Cinndergáin, Caithr. Caithr. Thoirdh. 130.22 .

o (see GOI 448 ) vn. of con-icc. Also cumacc (ibid. 354 ), and later co-. cumoc, YBL 180a21 (= c.¤ , RC vi 175.54 ). d. pl. cumgaib, UR 36.11 . cumhag, cumhang m., IGT Decl. § 17 (71.19) . Verbs § 53 .

Power, ability, strength : cumhang .i. neart no cumhachta, O'Cl. iarsinchumung bess lib, Wb. 16c19 . asririusa moch.¤ darfar cenn gl. superimpendar ipse pro animabus uestris, 18a14 . ba hénirt ar c.¤ , Fél. Ep. 9 . nísmbói . . . do chumacc a mmbo do imain, Vita Br. 24 . bidh fann a c.¤ , ZCP viii 110.11 . co ructha a eich hi cumugg la C. were taken in charge, Trip.² 1665 . sáerthar lat in domnach cech c.¤ rotbé dó `with all your might', Ériu ii 204.12 . dollotar do imbert a cumaiṅg frisin slōg, TBC-I¹ 2195 . dobérmais ar cumaṅg ica thessarggain, LL 36680 . budh calma a c.¤ san / bud caol a[r] cumaing-ne, ZCP viii 207. 13 - 14 . a chumhang gidh cia do-bheir / do-gheibh Dia ar ubhall nó ar uibh whoever gives what he can, DDána 42.36 = IGT Verbs ex. 466 . ic techt i ngábudh dar cend cumaing in a superhuman effort (?), TTr.² 1367 = ZCP xxx 69.1367 . ni ragar neach tara c.¤ `no one is fined beyond his power', Laws v 466.23 . ? issedh mesraigus breithem a cumach (sic) do gill do cach, iv 36.21 Comm. nad inarban iar fis, focumac `having power to do so', iii 8.z .i. fo c.¤ iar mbeth a fesa aice, 10.8 Comm. ní ba sindadh nó aoradh fogniset, acht(?) gut prut fo comung, H 3.18, 755.1 . don ch.¤ conicc `to the extent of his power', Ériu iii 106.1 . co cumunc cecha mnā chena `with whatever every other woman is able to give', Cáin Ad. 23 .

Attrib. g s. fer comaic móir, LU 7578 (BDD). co clú chumaiṅg Delga osin dind, LL 16748 . ba cemmend cumaiṅg, LL 746 = comaind, BB 28b40 . With follg. obj. gen.: gan c.¤ treabhtha, BNnÉ 294.16 . L. . . . ina cc.¤ catha `in battle array', Cog. 214.w . ni linne acumacc `we have no power over her', RC iii 346.8 . cumhang molta mhóir `the power to praise', Dán Dé xxix 27 .

In various constructions with copula and subst. vb.: ma beid hibar cumung gl. si potest fieri quod ex uobis est, Wb. 5d32 . ni fuil i c.¤ . . . do duine it is not in man's power, Laud 610, 12b cited Plummer MS. notes = i comand, PH 97 . cona baoi ina cc.¤ soadh for cúlaibh, Hugh Roe² 156.3 . ni bái c.¤ la M. dó, BNnÉ 294.17 . atá dhá cheird ar mo chumhang I am master of two trades, Bard. P. 17.31 . nímbái c.¤ cena I . . . was unable, Imr. Brain ii 291.1 . dober índi iscumung do / bó, IT iii 18.20 . ro thionóil sidhe ina mbaoí ina cumhang `all the forces under his command', AFM vi 1876.1 . níta cumacc do cháingním `it is not able to do well', Wb. 4a6 . nim thā cumac día aisnéis, LU 9234 . níp thá cumac dó, 1471 (MU). ní bái a c.¤ dó, BNnÉ 10.16 . ? nir chumhang air .i. nir bhó chumhachtach é, O'Cl. ? is trúag mo chumaṅg -sa rib, TFerbe 607 . ní fil c.¤ i n-a n-anmannaib ocaind, PH 2055 . ? Predic. g s. in mheit as cumhuing leo do freasdul, Marco P. 36 . ní chumuing la Caracorum bar congbail `it is not possible for C. to contain you', 28 . ós tú an rí as cumhaing dá clódh `able to control her', Aithd. D. 81.10 . ? Hence adv.: in t-í dogéna cech maith co cumaing, PH 8089 .

Gramm. function, force : innandobriathar asanairberar cumaṅg ainmmde `a nominal force', Sg. 39a26 . cumaṅg nominis ┐ uerbi `power', 148b5 . caite deochair eter a c.¤ ┐ a nert? A c.¤ . . . Intan gabaid guth a n-ænur (of letters), Auraic. 965 - 6 . lanchumang i fedaibh, ┐ c.¤ a forfedaibh, ┐ egumang a muitibh, 1209 . dobeir c.¤ fedha forin son, 436 . c.¤ i forfedaib, 5456 .

n io, probably neuter.

I An oak-wood. d s. dairiu, Thes. ii 238 pass. (Arm.). intan tiagair fora hiarair na cille isin daire, Fél. 130. 7 . co rabi daire torthech i niarthar Maige Mache ┐ ni bái riam daire bid torthechu, LL 169 a 55 . (na mucca) oc saigid in daire, ib. 169 b 1 . dollotar nammucca fo bolud in daire, ib. 169 b 2 . ruaddaire romór bar lár machaire, ib. 176 a 10 . doss donnbaile deghdaire, ib. 385 b 13 . meas daire air gach coill, ITS iii 22. 8 . d pl. dairib, LL 156 b 16 . 157 a 3 . doirib, Acall. 345 . —LOC. Onomast. FM Ind. Loc. co nDairiu Mór co nDairiu Medóin co nDairiu Fidas co nDairiu Méil, Ardm. 17 a 2 ( Thes. ii 238. 11 . Trip. 338. 11 ). i nEchdromma Dairiu, Fél. May 7 . Daire Echdromma, ib. 130. 6 . Daire Bruchas Derrybruchais Rawl. 92 a 18 . Domnall Daire, MacCarthy 430. 10 .

II A grove, thicket : masa dairi feda feirn as chaill chairn 'a grove of alder' MU2 426 , Études Celt. xxv 125 . fritha a diamraib a doirib ó siabraib ó sídaigib, LL 155 b 38 . ger dlúithi na dæredha ZCP v 22. 1 . gur ba saṁalta ré doire doisleathan deaghdhlúith, CRR p. 86. 7 . adciad doire dosach diogainn, AFM vi 19. 20 , 26 . doire lomthiugh, ML 84. 21 . eoin a doirib díamaire, Acall. 732 . daire coille a wooded grove OCT 13 § 16 . pl. doireadha, ib. 17 . Of apple trees: inis ┐ doire aluinn dabluibh cubra innti. Sruth tre lar in doire, RC xiv 42. 12 . barrghar in doiri, ib. 14 . Of nettles: baile fás folamh...┐ doireadha neannta ann, Atlantis iv 144. 33 . OCL 29 . A thicket, a den (resort of animals): cuife doire pruchlais garadh cúas, Eg. Gl. 138 ( ACL iii 150 ). fuathas cúas doire tuinidh[e], ib. 318 .

III Metaph. a dense cluster, a dense mass

(a) of weapons: slegdaire slindgér na ngái, TTr. 1447 , cf. TTr.² 890 . doiri dia narmaibh uasa cennuibh, Lism. L. 3250 . co facatar na muighe lánu do scellbolccaib scieth ┐ do dairibh slegh, CCath. 3532 . C IV 3, 8 a 2 . 7 . co facatar na dairedha dlúithi dígainne ic dírged dá saigid, CCath. 4935 . rotóccbait dairedha dígainne do slegaibh slipta, ib. 5345 . tógbhaid doireadha doinnghéara dá sleaghaibh loinneardha CRR 82. 1 . cu ndoiri slegh, ZCP i 366. 19 .

(b) of warriors: tángadar rompa ina ndoiredib...┐ ina mbuidnib, Celt. Rev. ii 306 . rocheimnighsiot...ina ndoiredhaibh dlúithe doscaoilte, AFM vi 2060. 27 .

(c) of verse and poetry: eol dam i ndairib dréchta, Rawl. 88 a 20 . i n[d]airib dána, IT iii 106. 10 .

MOD. doire, m. pl. doiridhe.

v ā. Becomes furious with anger or excitement. Only of persons (of animals: dáistir).

A ACT.

(a) abs. with a pers. subj.: atracht in luan láith ass étun...co rodechrastar oc imbert na sciath, LU 80 a 14 . TBC-LL¹ 1958 LU. TBC-LL¹ p. 375 n. 6 . mórdrech dúr dechrass ar thuru Temrach 'resolute broad-faced one who [will] become furious with anger before the hosts of Tara', B. in Scáil² 47 § 57 .

(b) abs., subj. conn, ciall and the like: na cneslénti bítis fo thétaib fria chnes arnacha ndechrad a chond céille tráth doficfad a lúth láthair, TBC-LL¹ 1709 = LU 78 a 35 (ndecrad a chon nach a chiall).

B PASS. with imm: rodechradh ann im Throil ┐ noberedh báre cosna Grécu, TTr.² 1423 . is bec ná rodechrad imbi ac neurtad in chathaigthi, LL 401 b 6 . TTr.² 394 . rodechradh impu hic slaighi na sluag, LL 405 b 50 . TTr.² 1148 . dollotar don chath. is bec ná rodásedh ┐ ná rodechrad impu, LL 408 a 20 . TTr.² 1344 . —For the construction cf. dáistir.

ind v dollotar co ndemetár Emain Macha, FB § 90 = co fedatar, Eg.

n (disyll. Fél. July 16 ) (see GOI § 340 ) day: n s. Diu luna, Ériu xxxii 98 . díu sroll .i. dies solis, Thr. Ir. Gl. 40 = Corm. Y § 1134 . dia, Hib. Min. 66 . die, Corm. Y 419 . dee, Fianaig. 6.4 . a s. de, Wb. 6a30 . Hy ii 20.28 . dé, LL 36b4 . dei, Wb. 9a5 . die, Mon. Tall. § 55 . ZCP ix 148 (TBC, Eg.). dia, Trip. 114 . g s. (?) dee, O'Dav. 1285 . die .i. laithe, Corm. Y 419 . dia .i. lá, O'Cl. Both dé and día are common as gen. of time, GOI § 250 : tresin fuil . . . adoparar cach dia forsind altoir, Wb. 20d13 . Fél. July 16 . na tri .l. salm . . . cach dia, LL 283a46 . cach nochtai[d]chi sceo dee `every night and day', O'Dav. 1285 . am irlam . . . cach dia always , Wb. 13c8 . Espáin . . . muir ina timchell cech dia, PRIA xix 246 ( LL 136b7 ), Rawl. 78b47 . Cf. ar [is] étarbae n-inderb n-indless etir cach ar uair ar cach die in bith-sa `von Tag zu Tag', ZCP xi 85.2-3 . Cf. is bith cáich ar uair an bith so, Irish Proverbs § 284 . fri dé by day, in daytime: fri de gl. interdiu, BCr. 36c3 . fri de (.i. i lló), Hy. ii 28 . is fri de imtiagam, Wb. 6a30 . suánemuin do dénum i n-aidchi . . . precept fri dei, 24d14 . mad fri dé . . . mad i n-aidche, LL 287a36 . TBC-I¹ 1128 LU = fri die, ZCP ix 148 . follongadar lais co dé na maidne (if this means day here), Lec. 227b37 . mēraid co dē (.i. co bráth), Hy. ii 20 (cf. go deó).

Freq. with qualifying gen.: dia brátha Doomsday , d.¤ domnich Sunday , etc. ó die Ṡathairn initi co dia Ṡathairn Cásc, Trip. 114 . co dé ṁbratha till Doomsday , LL 36b4 . co dé domnaigh, SG 396.21 . Generally adverbial: tecmallid dia domnich on Sunday, Wb. 14a1 . i tarcud indocbalæ domsa dia brátha, 23c29 . LL 280b14 . in die ante sabatum .i. dia oine didine, Ml. 113c1 . Críst . . . asréracht ó marbaib dé domnaig, Ériu ii 194 . dia Samna at samain-tide , Metr. Dinds. ii 64 . die Samnae, AU 780 . is de haine do-rigne Adam, Laws i 26.15 . nativitas Sancte Brigita dia cetaine . . . de cetaine gabaid caille, LB 220 marg. inf. ó tráth espurta die (de, dia, v.l.) Sathairn, Ériu ii 194 . Anecd. iii 21 . With laithe: isin cháisc dedenaig, is inund ón ┐ dia laithe brátha, PH 5012 . ticubsa dia laithe bratha, BNnÉ 306 . día bliadna, d.¤ mís, d.¤ sechtmhaine after a year's time, etc.: bai bandal forsin D. dia bliadnae, RC xii 84 . on losin gusind la alaili dia bliadna, RC xii 82 . dīgal dia secht mbliadan, AU 516 . RC xvii 127 . cath uaimsea duid dia mis ondiu this day month, Ériu v 234 . LU 10839 . a lla sa i cind mís do-téis . . . ba fír son . . . condrecat dia mís, RC xiii 440 . Mon. Tall. § 27 . ragadsa dia sechtmaine, IT ii2 189 . adbelad do béoil dia tres lai `on the third day hence', RC x 82 . dia in tres laoi, Fl. Earls 144 . dia tri la ┐ teora n-aidchi . . . dollotar , FB § 42 . ZCP iv 160 . dia trisse for mis after a month and three days, Laws v 402 . dia cuicti; dia dechmaide `in five days'; `in ten days', iv 70 . dia teóra nómad ba slán, TE 11(Eg.) . ba marb re ndé nōmaide, TBC-I¹ 1488 . issed on ailes cetsaithe deolaid dia teora mbliadan (.i. i cind tri mbliadan), Laws iv 172 . Cf. dia secht mbliadnaibh (.i. cacha viimad bliadna), Anecd. v 25 . aithrus ind anmcharat dia bliadna visiting the confessor once a year, Mon. Tall. § 44 . fo dia a F. (a greeting), Hib. Min. 66.3 . Cf. fo dia .i. fo ┐ dies, O'Mulc. 590 .

Cf. 1 indé, indiu.

adj u, later dírech o,ā. See GOI § 192 .

(a) straight, direct: dus in d.¤ m'urchor, TBC-LL¹ 1185 . tuiri tren diriuch do lar, SR 4273 . in sét fodén tan and is dírech he, tan aile is cam, PH 3995 . direach he ó find (leg. ind) co bond erect, RC xvii 150.12 . crand d.¤ digaind, LB 221a42 . co n-arm daighrech direch with a fiery straight weapon, Metr. Dinds. iii 152 ( BB 369b9 ). ní d.¤ nō rēidh, Corm. Y 476 . sēt d.¤ , 434 . a n-agaid gluasachta dirid na cethardula ata gluasacht timcill na firmaminnti, Ir. Astr. Tr. 60.6 . seanchus na Naomh do breith isin raon direach go a mbunadhus, MS. Mat. 552.13 . leanfam ar ar sinnseroib is in líne ndíreach, 556.25 . oighre dírech dleasanach lineal lawful heir, Rel. Celt. ii 166.5 . an éirghe dhíreach dobheir an sagart ar féin, Eochairsg. 53.32 . déan do shlighe díreach im fhiaghnuisi `make straight Thy path before me', Psalms v 8 . gach snáithe shligheadh . . . réidhe díorgha, Ériu v 58.26 . carput . . . co creitt uraird dírig, LL 189a5 . lámha dírgha datháille, Ériu iii 152 § 5 . colptha dirgi, RC xxiv 200 . is cethrachair ind fit[h]chill ┐ it dīrge a tithe, Corm. Y 607 . ro athchuirset da urchur fir-dhirge eturru, MR 254.17 . robtar reidhe dirghe fedha Erenn go sin, Leb. Gab.(i) 136 . na nglúinibh díorgha in their direct generations, Content. v 117 . as d.¤ donfuc Día God hath brought us direct, RC ix 462 .

Compar. cechaing ceim as dírgu (dirgiu, v.l.), Fél. March 20 . As superl. an lin[e] as dirgha dib sin, Ir. Astr. Tr. 128.x .

Adv. turesci . . . d.¤ tescas, Corm. Y 1244 . in fer fodrácaib co claen aitchid fris a facbail co d.¤ , FB 26 . rosined in dethach . . . | co d.¤ triasinn ahér, SR 2150 . an lampa ata a fiadnaisi an adhnuici co dírech right before the Sepulchre, Maund. 70 . scáili . . . bhís co dírech ider an grein ┐ an ré, O'Gr. Cat. 247.22 .

In adv. phrase cach ndíriuch straightly, directly (see GOI § 381 ): suas cach d.¤ , BCr. 18c4 . antúaid cachṅdìruch, 19c1 . dochuirethar . . . certli do Braun tar a gnúis cach n-dírech, Imr. Brain 62 . rogab ac slaide ┐ ic slectad in tslúaig cach nd.¤ , CRR 52 . teit a Temraig gach nd.¤ he goes straight out of T., Ériu iii 150 § 3 . dollotar . . . cech nd.¤ ar cind Throil, TTr.² 1509 . a n-aicen in mhara siar gach nd.¤ directly west, RC xiv 40 § 43 . do dēnomh ar in Spāinn gach ndīrech, Fl. Earls 10.3 . fear dom fhóir gach ndírighse straight away (?), Ó Bruad. ii 110 . Cf. ni fil iar nd.¤ scribind isin scribtuir bali as a tisad, Lec. 73a33 .

beirid díriug carries off, obtains ( GOI 240 ): ni berat diriug gl. delinquent, `they will not succeed', Ml. 54a24 . dugaithfiter .i. ní berat diriug gl. fallentur, 26 . ceniberat diriug, 28 . made huare nach rucsat diriug `vain, because they did not succeed', 54d16 . cen brith diriug (sic leg., doriug, MS.) neich adchobrat, 89b5 . huare nad rucsat diriug orcuin Duid `because they did not succeed in the slaying of David', 23b5 .

(b) straightforward, upright, just, right: is díriug dúib cretem do it is right for you to believe in Him, Wb. 17b32 . acht spiurt diriug `but an upright spirit', Ml. 71d2 . is díriug gl. equum est, 59d8 . is d.¤ a ndechor deg cinte persana right is their difference because they define persons, Sg. 197a13 . d.¤ cach dethbere every necessity is just, Laws ii 2 . cubus direch dianim, Ériu i 138.4 . is and míastair mess d.¤ for cách, ii 194 § 7 . athesc dobais d.¤ dói, ZCP iii 23 . rop d.¤ a forcitul, ACL iii 313 § 11 . is dīriug i mbésaib a dāna, Corm. Y 275 . Iubair dhírech dhil, BLism. 52b2 . do rug . . . breith dhíreach ar Ridire na Comhairle, ITS x 114 . iar ndliged direch, PH 4025 . do indithim in gníma dírig the just deed, 6083 . is dírech briathar an tigerna, 3 B 22, 86a5 . cuimnigh mo thimna .i. beith direach a ngradh do namad, 36a17 . cia an lóchrann soluis acht an mhéin díreach, TSh. 1443 . i n-aghaidh an réasúin dírigh, 3343 . chalender direch firinneach an accurate trustworthy calendar, 3 C 19, 284rb 30 . do bhí mé díreach aige I was perfect with Him, Psalms xviii 23 . an Tighearna . . . noch shaoras an díreach i ccroidhe the upright of heart, vii 10 . neithe ata dothuìgsighe, noch iompoighid an dream neamhfhoghlomtha ón gcéill dhírigh from the straight, direct sense, 2 Peter iii 16 . As sobriquet: Tadc Direach, Lec. 150d22 . do Cholgain mac Domnaill dírig, LL 181b22 . pl. atan dirgi ho chridiu, Ml. 30b2 . etercerta dirge, Tec. Corm. p. 56 n. 34 . bretha dírge, Bruss. 2569, 65b . Adv. is direch tuicther so tre Iob, PH 7696 . rigi firéna dogniat a follamnus co dírech, PH 4066 . legfim so thoruinn oir ni don liaigh go direach is iomchubaid e, 3 C 19, 56rb 36 . Compar. gurab íad is firinnighe dhirghe . . . ar a ffocloibh fon doman, Fl. Earls 92.22 . giodh dirga fodnait san adhbhar gaothmhar detmhor they are more directly serviceable, 3 C 22, 220a23 . Superl. dírgimem gl. aequissima, Ml. 49d5 .

As subst. in dirig gl. recti, Ml. 35a14 .

(c) actual, downright, real: nīrba dír co mbeith gné feōla dirgi fair oca caithem (of consecrated species miraculously changed into flesh and then changed back again), ZCP iii 36.27 . ? eter dā roth rosia digal d.¤ (from Cú Chulaind's `beochobra'), LL 119b37 .

Compds. ¤chenn straight-headed (opposed to cromm): ní mó is bachall ind oenchendach crom oldas in debennach d., D IV 2, 53b2 . ¤menmnach just-minded: díríug[men]mnig gl. anim[a] equiores, Thes. i 498 ( Ardm. 189a2 ). ¤scríbend: ​iar ndíriuch-scríbunn 'according to the literal text', Sex Aet. 95 § 63 . ¤thuillemain: d.¤ gl. rectum perpendiculum, O'Mulc. 745 .

n.pr. m., Todd Nenn. 244.169 .

v (* to-tiag-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 645 . See also Ériu xii 227 ff .). Ipv. 2 s. taet, SR 5991 . 3 s. táet, TBC-I¹ 1339 LU; FB § 31 . taet, Thes. ii 359.4 . toet, BNnÉ 94 § 207 . táit, TBC-LL¹ 95 . 2 pl. táit, Ml. 34a1 ; Wb. 25c14 ; FB § 5 ; Imr. Brain ii 285.11 (toet, v.l.).

Indic. pres. 2 s. dothéig, TBC-I¹ 39 LU; Ériu i 116 § 4 . 3 s. dotét, Sg. 108a3 . dotet, 158a3 ; Ml. 22d9 , 53a8 ; TBC-I¹ 1040 YBL. dutét, Ardm. 18a1 ( Thes. ii 240.13 ); Ml. 22b1 . dothét (rel.), 46a7 . totét, Thes. ii 251.7 , 9 ; Fianaig. 38.4 . tothét, TBC-I¹ 1021 LU. dothéit, 311 LU. tothéit, BDD § 71 . totheit, TBC-I¹ 719 LU. do-théid, 576 . dotháet, BDD § 73 , 126 (common form in TBC2 LU). dothaet, SR 5963 . dothaed, TBC-I¹ 2359 . totaét, 1006 , 1245 (both LU); TE § 13 LU. tothaet, TBC-I¹ 1040 , 1248 , 1285 (all LU); BDD § 62 . totaet, Anecd. iv xi 16 . dotoet, Gild. Lor. 2 . dothoet, TBC-I¹ 289 , 531 , etc. (common form in YBL). tothóet, FB § 53 . dotaot, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes, 26.8 , cf. AFM iii 326.9 . dotháod, Mon. Tall. 127.15 (forms with diphth. áe, óe due to influence of prototonic forms; cf. also do-n-aot, Hugh Roe 300.11 . toaeth, Lib. Flav. i 26vb15 ). Rel. (in imitation of téite) dothaéti, TBC-I¹ 1577 LU = doteiti, YBL. ní táet , Sg. 159a3 . ní taet , 197a4 ; Thes. ii 253.7 . frisa-taet, Sg. 213a10 . ní tait , Ml. 109d5 . ní thaét , TBC-I¹ 208 LU = thaed, YBL. airm i taét , TBC-LL¹ 1583 . 3 pl. dutiagat, Ml. 45d12 , 103b16 , 111c9 . tuthegot (rel.), Cambr. 38b ( Thes. ii 247.17 ). dothiagat, FB § 53 . doíagat-side (dothiagadside, v.l. ), LU 4964 ( TBC-I² 532 , see note). doíagat ... do Cholptu (dothiagad, v.l.), LU 5380 ( TBC-I² 1017 ). dothaégat, FB § 20 ; BDD § 153 ; TBC-I¹ 198 LU. tótháegat, IT i 138.10 LU = dotiagat, Eg. Note also: rathaegat, TBC-LL¹ 5097 . ro-(ra-)thoegat, 4926 , 5120 . toegat, RC xii 424 § 7 .

Perfective pres. 3 s. ní tuidchet (sic leg.), AU 783 . o dadigthet , ZCP iii 454 n. 27 (v.l.).

Impf. 3 s. dothéged (rel.), TE 9 LU; Imr. Brain § 61 . dotheged, TBC-I¹ 165 LU. dotéiged, TE 11 LU. dotheiged, TBC-I¹ 2937 . dotheided, Ériu iii 142.229 . 3 pl. dutéigtis, Ml. 108b1 . doteigtis, Corm. Y 1233 = totegtis (?), LL 179b8 . dotheigdis, TBC-I¹ 3428 . co tāigtis , Ériu ii 100 § 4 .

Subj.

(a) Pres. 1 s. dotias, Wb. 1a7 . 2 s. dotéis, TBC-I¹ 1301 LU. dotes, Ériu viii 122.14 . totais, ZCP xiii 256.11 . totaisiu, TE 11 LU. 3 s. dothéi, Wb. 13a12 . doté, Ériu vii 241.8 . nád tái , Sg. 26b7 . ni tae , YBL 92b1 . 2 pl. ceni thaisid , Ml. 33b15 . 3 pl. dothaiset, FB § 87 . co taessat , LU 6785 ; BDD § 31 . Impf. 3 s. dotaesad, TBC-I¹ 2877 . totessed, LU 7133 ( BDD § 81 ). co taised , Ml. 121b1 ; TBC-I¹ 2909 . taesad, BB 378b17 . 3 pl. dothaistis, LU 6962 ( BDD § 60 ).

(b) Pres. 1 s. ? ni tocus-sa . RC xii 78.10 . 2 s. ní thuidchis , BDD § 16 = thúdchaiss, Eg. dia tuidchis , YBL 130a44 ( Anecd. i 8 ). 3 s. do-d-decha (dodecha, dodadecha, MSS.), Hy. v 81 ( Thes. ii 346 ). dodeocha, Ériu viii 122.17 . ar na tudaich , LU 9536 . 3 pl. dodechsat, O'Dav. 627 . dodichset, ZCP xiii 23.24 . dodigset, Fél. Ep. 24 . dodigsid, Laws iv 126.z Comm. dia tuidchiset , BDD § 131 (tuidchet, LU). Impf. 2 s. co ndigesta , Trip.² 276 . 3 s. dodichsed, Sg. 18a4 . -tudchissed, , Anecd. iii 58.2 . 1 pl. con tui[d]chesmais , Ml. 93b5 . 3 pl. resiu do-n-dichsitis , 104c5 .

Fut. 1 s. doreg, Wb. 7d15 ; SR 1279 . ? to-rrach, TBC-I¹ 1624 (torach, LU). 3 s. do-nd-riga, Wb. 25a38 . dorriga, 25b28 . dorega, Ml. 28a10 ; SR 3343 . ní terga , Wb. 17c4 ; TBC-I¹ 1241 . ni tirga , Ml. 121a17 . 1 pl. duregam, 80d10 . ni tergam-ni , 107d11 . 2 pl. d-a-regaid, Ml. 33b15 . ní tergaid , Trip.² 2150 . 3 pl. doregat, Ml. 61a13 , 111c14 . durigat, 106a4 . Condit. 1 s. ní thergainn , Trip.² 1200 . 3 s. ? -terced, Anecd. ii 18.17 . In later lang. with stem dorag-, targ-. 3 s. doraga, TBC-I¹ 2422 , Trip. 60.2 , etc. doragha, ZCP xiii 167.5 . targa, SR 3631 . ni targai (leg. targa?), AU 886 , cf. SR 4498 . 3 pl. doragut, PH 7054 . toragat, Moling § 50 . ? na targaitt , Leb. Gab.(i) 254 . Condit. 2 s. ni targtha , TBC-LL¹ 1803 , cf. 1883 . 3 s. doragad, FB § 8 . dorachad, Marco P. 142 . nī thargad , TBC-I¹ 336 = LU 4827 . co ttargadh , Leb. Gab.(i) 8.25 . 3 pl. na targtais , SR 6775 . ni tairgtis , ZCP viii 110.2 .

Pret. 1 s. dolud-sa, LU 1840 . 2 s. dolod, LU 10244 ( dolluidi-siu, 10241 ). dolot, TE § 5 Eg. ZCP iii 233 . 3 s. doluid, Tur. 131 , cf. Ml. 55c1 . SR freq. also dolluid. tolduid (= tolluid), Mon. Tall. § 67 . dulluid, Ardm. 18b1 . duluith, Thes. ii 291 . Rel. doluide, ZCP iv 45.23 . doluidi, xiii 6.18 . dolluide, Imr. Brain § 64 . co túlaid , Trip.² 706 . a tuluid , 895 . co tulaid , TBC-I¹ 3665 . ? contuilid, 2772 . ni contuilid , Mon. Tall. § 61 . nico tolid , § 60 . co tolaid , Anecd. i 10 . Cf. ua luid , BB 208a50 ( Todd Nenn. 182 ). 1 pl. dulodmar (dolotamar, v.l.), Imr. Brain i 48.6 . 2 pl. dolodbair, LU 1599 . 3 pl. dullotar, Ardm. 18a1 ( Thes. ii 240.17 , 24 ). dolotar (doll-), TBC-I¹ , CRR . doloddur, Mon. Tall. § 7 . tollotar, Ériu iii 136.32 . dolotatar, TBC-I¹ 2736 . tolotatar, RC xiii 223.50 . con tultatar , Ardm. 18b1 ( Thes. ii 240 ); Dinds. 112 ( RC xvi 63 ); Mon. Tall. § 60 . ni taltadar , Lec. 285a12 . Also occas. with s-forms: 1 pl. dalotsam, RC xiv 62 § 77 . 3 pl. dolluidset, Metr. Dinds. iii 156.9

Perf. 1 s. dodechad, TBC-I¹ 1611 , 1593 . dodecad, SR 1817 . dodechod-sa, Trip. 106.9 ; TBC-I¹ 2118 YBL. dia tuidched , Wb. 10a28 . i tuithched-sa , SG 317.16 . 2 s. dodechad, SR 3094 . dia tudchad-so , TBC-I¹ 458 YBL. canas tuthcho , RC x 224 § 15 . 3 s. dodechuid, Ml. 16c5 , 44b6 , 126b10 ; Sg. 199b1 . dodechaid, Imr. Brain ii 292.1 ; SR 1302 , etc.; TBC-I¹ 1241 YBL. dodeachaid, 3373 . dodeachaig, YBL 174a28 . ní thuidchid , LL 275b9 . ní thuithchid , 19a15 . ní thudchid , RC viii 150 § 2 (LL). conna tudc[h]ith , TBC-I¹ 1445 LU. ní tauthchaid , 1605 ; BDD § 66 (th.). ua thadhchaid , BB 39a31 , cf. Metr. Dinds. ii 34.94 . 1 pl. do-n-dechommar, Wb. 24c17 . dudechummar, Ml. 111b4 . dodechamar, SR 7965 . 2 pl. dodechobair, Trip.² 1114 . dia tudchaibair , FB § 66 . dia tuchubuir , IT iii 239.123 . 3 pl. du-n-dechutar, Ml. 111c14 . dodechadar, TBC-I¹ 3196 , 3362 . con-tuthchatar, LL 1790 . co ttudhchatar , AFM ii 692.4 . tudhchator (rel.), Leb. Gab.(i) 218 . Common with ¤eo- in first syll.: 1 s. dodeochad, SR 3097 . dodeochad-sa, Ériu ii 104 § 14 . 3 s. dodeochaid, SR 4170 , etc.; TBC-I¹ 3476 ; BDD §§ 156 , 157 , 166 . 2 pl. dodeochabair, Rawl. 142b8 . 3 pl. dodeochatar, SR 5450 , etc.; TBC-I¹ 153 LU; BDD § 83 . With s- ending: do-dechadus, Ériu i 134.7 . dodeochadas-sa, SG 256.25 . dodheochadus, BNnÉ 302 § 10 .

Pass. pres. s. dotiagar, Wb. 6a29 ; Thes. ii 292.19 . dutiagar, Ml. 101c6 , 7 , 116b5 . dotíagar, Trip.² 2313 . Subj. s. duthiasar. TBC-I¹ 1136 . dothiastar, Ériu vii 6.35 . Fut. doraghtur, Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss. ii 15.27 . Perf. dodechas, Imr. Brain i 41.3 . cosa-tuidches, Sg. 199b1 .

In later lang. a number of new (artificial?) forms based on the various old stems appear.

(a) Ipv. 3 s. taetadh, Ériu i 114 § 1 . Pret. 3 pl. dotaetadar, Lib. Flav. i 26va49 . ? ma as dotaetsatt , Laws v 138.15 . dotoetsat na lega co Tadg, SG 326.3 . cor thaethsadar (taetsat, theichseadar, v.l.) rompo ina tor, Todd Nenn. 46 .

(b) Subj. impf. 3 s. amail dodechad , Fianaig. 66.13 . mar do do-deachad (sic), Lib. Flav. i 34ra2 = amal tisad , PH 844 . do thudchadh , Leb. Gab.(i) 72.17 . co tudchad , SG 233.35 . Pret. 2 s. ima tudchais , SG 256.19 . 3 pl. tudhchaidset, Leb. Gab.(i) 26.12 .

(c) Subj. pres. 1 s. co targus-[s]a , PH 624 . 3 s. no go targa , Lib. Flav. i 37ra44 . Pret. tara dargamar romhuinn, 35vb25 . Cf. also: ca tír as a targa hast thou (has it?) come, MR 72.10 . doragad used to come (go), Corm. Y 323 .

(d) Subj. pres. 1 s. cissi conair dodloutar (dolotur-sa, v.l.), Toch. Em. § 67 ( ZCP iii 250 ). Cf. also dolluthir (perh. pass.), LL 285a23 .

Vbl. of necess. tuidechta. Vn. tuidecht. IGT Verbs § 8 .

(a) comes , of motion towards the speaker, or person or place thought of. In Lat. Lives nearly always corresponds to venire; cf. Auraic. 141 : venite .i. tait (taoit, 2429 YBL). In later Mid.Ir. superseded by do-icc, which replaces it in later versions of early texts (e.g. TBC-LL¹ 95 , 1583 , 2706 St.), and somet. glosses it: dodeachaid .i. tainic, ACL iii 14 , 18 (gl. on Trip. 44 , 58 ). tudhchaid .i. tainicc; tudhchadar .i. tangadar, O'Cl. In earlier lang. used freq. in opposiion to 1 téit, and oft. in sense comes back, returns: intan tét a laithe . . . dotét iarum imthanu aidche, Ml. 21c3 . téit in banchorr isin fairrgi . . . co tóet cona heisínib essi, Triads 237 . can dodechad? cid notheig?, SR 3094 . can dodechamar ille . . .? cia dú cosatiagam de?, 7965 . i ndecimbir . . . luid Noe for tonnaib dilenn, i quint kalainn Mai . . . doluid for sleib Armenia, 2616 . forrogellsat . . . noragtis i tír nEgept, co brath na targtais dia tig, 6775 . is cet cia thái, cet cia théis, ZCP iii 37.18 . regat a leth día tuitched (tuithced, MS.), Ériu i 116 . cech leth naragdais, ni tairgtais demna, ZCP viii 110 . co lotar for beolu Mileadaig ┐ ní tudcadur iarsuidiu, Lec. 206a38 . tait as, taeit ind (said by doorkeeper to those who enter and leave), Corm. Y 860 . taet neach uaib ar mo chend-sa, TBC-I¹ 2140 . dutéigtis cucum intan nombíinn hi sóinmigi, Ml. 108b1 . in spirut nóeb chucunn . . . taet . . . co hopunn, Thes. ii 359 . nach fer doteiti chucaib, TBC-I¹ 1577 . táit limsa dom dísiurt, Imr. Brain ii 285 . cid formna fer nErend dothaistís latt, rosbíad failte, BDD § 60 . dolotar ar ceand loingse mac Milead . . . ni taltadar mnā leo, Lec. 285a12 ( Todd Nenn. lxxi ). forofāccaib Dia lind co ndig(s)esta-su do praicept do Gōidiulaib, Anecd. iii 31 = co tista-su, Trip. 444 . in tan doraga [Críst] do mess for beou ┐ marbu, PH 5011 . isbert, bá do chuingi Étáine doluidh, ZCP v 524 . roboi i[c] coitsecht frisin forcetul co tolaidh a máthair for a iarair, Lat. Lives 37 = Trip. 66 ( co toluid. túlaid, Trip.² 706 ). a tuluid Patraic for muir . . . do ascnam Erend, dotaet escop M. ina diaid, Trip.² 896 . tairpthech do ndechuid hastily had he come, 1515 . is bladach dodechadar, TBC-I¹ 3362 . is tailc donddechadar isin telaich, 3196 . is mor . . . a luas dothet, RC iii 183 . ní tergam-ni isin bethaid frecndairc iterum we shall not come back, Ml. 107d11 . resiu dondichsitis as in dōiri, 104c5 . doluid in biail arithissi ar chenn in[na] samthige, Tur. 131 . Cf. adbert A. frisna techtaire tudecht dia tich to return home, Mon. Tall. 162. In: ni terga for culu, Wb. 17c14 ; and: ná tait for culu, 25c14 , the idea of returning may account for use of do-tét. Of things: dothaegat lasrai teined asa mbēlaibh, Ériu ii 130 . co táet fuil flann fonn fo étnu, ACL iii 297 § 52 . ní thoet guth in son let not voice enter thy speech (of silent prayer), RC xv 491 , cf. Thes. ii 253.7 ( Stowe M. 65a ). creit do Dia . . . ar na tudaich tond talman torut, LU 9536 . ni thaudchaid nél dar gréin, BDD § 66 . doragha duit ceó dar a rosgcaib, BColm. 92 . Of time: ō doraga aimser lobtha, Laws i 108 Comm. immon samfuin dothaet next Hallowe'en, RC x 220 § 8 . oidqi hSamnoi dotaet, 224 . in ráithe dothét foir .i. samrad the season following, ZCP viii 175 .

(b) Fig. of mental and abstract relations: ní tait Dia fo tairṅgere cometh not under a promise (i.e. goes back on?), Ml. 109d5 . dotiagat for cairddi `they come under the interterritorial regulations', Laws iv 322 . cēn roba beō, ni tauthchaid a brū for cōir his stomach never came right, TBC-I¹ 1605 . ní berat fír brithemnachta etir in n-áis dutiagat inna reir who submit themselves to them, Ml. 103b16 . ní ba cor cia dodichset nadhmann ┐ ratha inn should enter into it, ZCP viii 23 . dollotar i n-armgrith fell into a panic, TBC-I¹ 1784 . comhainm in laithe dodeachaidh a seilbh na hespogōide came into possession of, Fl. Earls 100 . fobíth aurthig na nóeb dodeochaid etorro the covenant . . . which had passed between them, ZCP viii 316 . ní thargom tar a n-ordugud, Ériu iv 152 . With adj. as complement: saor ó a dteangthaibh ní tharghais you will not come off unscathed, Content. vii 9 .

(c) comes, ensues, takes place; appears, arises (of persons, consequences, events): sona dotaet a loan happiness comes out of fat, Ériu vii 240 . dothet imbas iar mbuais inspiration comes after (follows) knowledge of the art, Corm. Y 148 . a ndomnach doraga in brāth, Ériu iii 144 . ní ḟeadadar-sain cuin doraghadh an diliu, BB 22a32 . is é ní dia targha in sīth suthain, Aen. 2756 . tudcatar airdheana aighthidhe adhuathmhara, AFM i 370 . ? Felix ba mad tuluid, Fél. July 12 . ni targa a tir Maine ōglach bud fearr, ZCP viii 229 . is é doragha re ré | macámh Mhuighi Muirtheimhne who will come in his (due) time, xiii 167 . ní tháinic i nÉrinn . . . ┐ ni tharga . . . díoghail amhlaidh, AFM ii 734 . gabsat sé ríg . . . for hErind ó Ollom ain . . . ní thuithchid nech eturru six kings reigned in unbroken succession, LL 2361 . rige duit . . . ┐ dot sil it degaid | cen tudecht etrut without any other line breaking thy succession (`without quarrelling'), RC xx 142 .

(d) Various uses with prepp. With AR is (goes) surety for: dodeochaid aurthach Bréndain ar Chiarraigiu, ZCP viii 315 . doté(i)t aitire ar fer feras in fuil an `a.'goes surety for, Críth G. 52 . hits upon, contrives: dús cinnas doragad ar imchossáit Ulad, FB § 8 . cinnas doragad ar imchossait na mban, § 16 . amal doragad airi, § 17 . With AS comes off, escapes: conná tudchith nech dib i mbethaid ass, TBC-I¹ 1445 . With DE comes from, arises or develops out of: dotoet torcc mór do orccan, Trip. 468 . ní thaét mo dingbailse dib-so they are not (will not prove) my match, TBC-LL¹ 1123 . anda lim . . . dorraga ní don macsin something will come of that lad, Mon. Tall. § 61 . dothoet oinmit de-seom he is proving himself a fool, Ériu v 28.y . delb in Chruimm d'ór dodechaid was made of gold, Imr. Brain ii 303 . With DO comes to, accrues to: amal dundechutar doinmecha dúnni . . . doregat dano soinmecha dun, Ml. 111c14 . indmas domuin dotrega thou shalt have, SR 3343 . ní taurga ndam báa nde, Anecd. i 42 . dodheachaidh maith dhamhsa dhe, BS 6 . With FOR touches on, mentions: is form féin doreg, Wb. 7d15 . ní for torbe n-imdibi doteit, 2a3 . for riaguil do buith isnaib anmanaib-se dotét híc he touches on the fact that there is a rule, Sg. 108a3 . ní fail ní nád tái mo dligeth-sa fair, 26b7 . dothiasar fair ma atchoise neach duib it will be a subject of conversation if anyone tells (leg. atchói or atchoised?) it to you (?), TBC-I¹ 1136 . comes or falls on, happens to (in good or bad sense): tolduid taurtaim fair a trance fell upon him, Mon. Tall. § 67 . dorega pain forru . . . .i. doberthar pian forru, Ml. 28a10 . co tudchid rath De fair, Ériu v 34 . doraga ferg Dé fort mullach, Trip. 60 = it m., Trip.² 617 . fonascair fair can tudecht forsin slog not to attack, TBC-I¹ 1477 . Cf. ni mait[h]em n-anacail ┐ ni trocaire rodechad (rodécad, v.l.) forra no mercy was shown to them, CCath. 5767 . do-thæt ind enlaith deiginach fair 'the last flock takes it up', TBith.² 193 § 73 . With FRI goes with, applies to, is incident to: fri `finxit' fochetoir dotet á `singulatim' the `singulatim' is construed with `finxit', Ml. 53a8 . ni taét comsuidigud fri rangabáil composition does not occur with a participle, Sg. 159a3 , cf. 158a3 , 4 , 197a4 , 213a10 . cisse comairce dotaot frim? what is my safeguard? Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 26 . ata naidm dogní gnim raithe; naidm son dothe fri giallu, ZCP xiii 24 . Cf. don fechemuin fris-taig the party against whom thou art guarantor (?), Bürgschaft 28 § 76 (cf. fris-tēt, 24 § 67 ; leg. ¤taít with v.l.?). Opposes: ri side as amram tic Erind co tudchaid fri Ruadhan, YBL 136a18 . ní tuidecht frit' forngaire, SR 3798 . ? Cf. Laws iv 32 Comm. : can ēlod do lēcod im a cáindliged .i. apaid nā troisci ce dodechaid fris `though he was fairly met (by an offer of arbitration)'. turns to, takes up, practises (with RE): dalluid Find ra héicsi n-aird, Fianaig. 46 . ar dūthchus a māthar dodhechaidh sidhe re héiccsi (of the poet Fland mac Lonáin), ZCP viii 110 .

(e) Oft. used of indef. motion and in Mid. Ir. freq. in meaning goes (motion from place or pers. thought of); this is esp. common in later texts with the pret. forms doluid and dodechaid, do- being looked on as sign of past tense: tait-si round ┐ ragsa far ndiaid go on and I will follow, TBC-I¹ 992 . táet nech uan d' ḟarcsi maige M., 5144 . cia doragad risin tectairect sin? who would go on that message? CRR 8 . ind deichmaid uathaid escai . . . doluid Nae andsan airc . . . et i sechtmaid fichit sa mis cetna . . . dodeachaid aiste, Lec. 542b25 . conā feis cia dū dodechaid whither she had gone, Mór M. 262 . dodheachaidh G. do sheilg . . . ┐ ba sí conair dochuaidh, BS 44 . Often with REME, etc. goes on, advances: dothaod roimhi ina rēim roretha, BS 4 . doluidh roime ar amus a thíre, 122 .

(f) Rarely trans.: occas. with cogn. or instrum. accus.: a ndorigne do ḟertaib ni fail dune doddecha (dodecha, dodadecha, MSS.) there is none who can tell (lit. come to, attain it), Hy. v 81 (with gloss .i. doene a tiachtain; see note Thes. 80 ). Cf. also: ceni thaisid ar ois, daregaid ar ecin, Ml. 33b15 (with infd. neut. pron.). is tailc donddechadar isin telaich, TBC-I¹ 3196 . issnib colnidib tuthegot duguthrigi (leg. dagathrigi) who come to good repentance, Cambr. 38b . tothaet meis fóaimsera `judgment goes with good times', BDD § 28 (but cf. O'Cl. : dothaod meas fó aimsera .i. téid an breitheamhnas ris an aimsear). ni thargai (leg. targa?) Temru turu . . . fer fo Mael to Tara's towers there will not come, AU 836 = ní targa i tTeamhraigh tura, AFM i 536 . is lá cach(a) tíre do-tét dlega(i)r aire `a day for every parcel of land to which it comes' (of water), Ériu xvii 70 § 10 ( Laws iv 214 ). dodeochad-sa (dodechas, dodeochusae, MSS.) aiccept I have come to a lesson, Ériu v 32 . din tuidecht dundechuid Crist hi tech inna sacard the coming wherewith C. came, Ml. 44b1 . cach conair dolluid in ben, Metr. Dinds. iii 30 . ní tharga in chonair chōir, RC xi 42 . dodeochaid huide fata, SR 5697 . dodeochatár a cétna n-ude (sic leg.) a Cruachnaib, TBC-I¹ 153 . dodechotar sel mór, ZCP ix 191 . targa fortacht De for tóir will come to your succour, SR 3631 . In the follg. the orig. form of the noun may be d s. deisiul, túathbiul: ní thuidchis deaseal Temrach, BDD § 16 . dothē desell in brogo, ZCP iii 214 . totaed deissiul Sencan, Anecd. iv p. xi . mad tuaithbel dodeocha, Ériu viii 122 .

(g) In impers. constructions. Act. with DO of pers.: taet as itir lāe ┐ aidche dūn chena, ol A., co rīsem Cuailgne let us set out (ipv. 3 s.?), TBC-I¹ 829 . condocorostor asin (leg. isin) loch . . . co tulaid dō ass co luan came out of it, 3664 . Note also: dot-luid i mbernai armo chenn-sa, ScM. 13 (see note). See Celtica ii 216 and cf. tánic de . . . coa maí fessin, LU 3267 ( SCC § 6 ). Pass. denúas dotiagar hisa tech . . . sis . . . dotiagar ass the house is entered from above, Thes. ii 292 . iar ngrad cháich dutiagar leu du failti fris[i]n ríg they come to welcome, Ml. 116b5 . dotíagar uad do chuinchid ind ḟíacla he sends messengers to seek, Trip.² 2313 . dotiagar ōn rīg dia n-agallaim, RC xxiv 144 . dodechas ó Áedán co Fiachnae ara tísed dia chobair, Imr. Brain i 41 . dodechas ō Maine cuice do cuingidh na muice, Dinds. 112 ( RC xvi 63 ). In O.Ir. glosses with FO is construed as: cid fo gním cid fo chésath dotiagar it is construed both actively and passively, Wb. 6a29 . is fo forṅgartaid . . . dutiagar á manifestare the (word) m. is construed as an imperative, Ml. 101c6 . is fo foxlaid dutiagtar they are construed ablatively, 106c3 .

n o, later s, n. (see GOI 178 ) n s. Dún nGalion, LL 311a27 . a s. a ndún , LU 1524 , 8381 . g s. As o-stem: dúin, LL 311a27 ; Laws i 122.19 ; AU 680 , 685 , 697 , 844 , 864 , 872 . Fél. Jan. 3 . As s-stem: dúne, FB § 44 , dune, Laws iv 220.8 . dúne, Trip.² 2166 . duine, FB § 89 ; AU 866 , 964 , 1174 . dúni, TBC-LL¹ 1816 , duini, Laws iv 154.21 . Both forms current in later lang.: dúin, TSh. 909 ; Oss. vi 198.6 . dúine, AFM i 26 , iii 4 , vi 2014 ( dúini, ii 1114 ); Oss. iv 294 . Note also: dúna, Laws v 302.33 ; SG 269.12 ; Oss. vi 198.27 . dún occurs with follg. n.pr. in gen., Fél. Jan. 3 v.l.; MacCarthy 416.19 ( BB 50a ), BS 98.13 . d s. tri coiri bíte in cach dúini , Triads 127 (prob. due to confusion with constr. tri coiri cech(a) dúine). v s. dún, AFM i 308 (poem). a dhúin , TSh. 10990 . n p. dúine, LU 10713 ; Fél. Prol. 68 . a p. dunu (: múru), Lec. 45b1 . dúine, LU 1889 . dune, TBC-I¹ 622 = TBC-LL¹ 1213 , AU 836 . g p. na primdún , SR 7342 . Cermna na ndun , Lec. 51a40 . dúine, LB 208a23 ( Alex. 382 ); Corm. s.v. aurduine . d p. duinib, LU 10714 ; SR. Later as dental stem in pl.: rig-dúinte , Corm. s.v. Mogheime = -dúine, YBL; dúinte, ML 78 , Keat. iii 4119 ; dúintibh, BB 30a40 , AFM v 1666 . g p. dhúintedh, Marco P. 123 . m., IGT Decl. § 46 .

Fort (see ZCP xiii 164 - 5 , KZ l 155 - 6 ); in O.Ir. usually applied to residence of a chief or dignitary, consisting of an earthen (more rarely stone) rampart, inside which the house (`tech') or houses were erected; oft. of considerable extent and in case of a royal residence having two (or even three) circumvallations with a moat between (hence O'Dav. 695 ; d.¤ .i. dá cladh im uisci, ut est du-en .i. dá usque im cladh); such fort being generally called after the builder or owner, e.g. Dún Cermna, D.¤ Sobairche, etc. Cf. Aodh Ó Domhnaill dhúin na bhfionn (= Dún na nGall?), 3 C 12, 245.15 . Freq. used as Ir. equivalent for fortress or city; in Norman period of any strongly enclosed or fortified place (whether a single residence or a burgh or town ).

Gl. castrum, Sg. 57a10 ; arx, 60b21 . i ndorus in dúine = ad portam civitatis, Lat. Lives 81 . a dhúin Dé (= civitas Dei, Psalms lxxxvi 3 ), TSh. 10990 . isin digas .i. isin dun daingen, Ml. 32a16 . dorala B. do dun ríg Breg, Hy. v 73 Comm. claide cluid dune Alinne .i. in tres primdun rig Lagen, 68 Comm. dun tigerna . . . d.¤ breitheaman na tuaiti, Laws iv 106 Comm. trí dúine hÉrenn: Dún Sobairche, D.¤ Cermna, Cathair Conrai, Triads 36 . déntar dúine . . . lib damsa ┐ tigi móra, RC xxvi 132 . corbo leór do d.¤ . . feib dollotar rotha in charpait hi talmain (i.e. the wheels displaced enough earth to build a `d.¤'), TBC-I¹ 1986 . Artt Imlech las-roclassa | a cōic dūine domgnassa, Lec. 51a32 . lar duna no treibe cach airech, Laws v 302 . nochotulsat flathi fiann, fās a ndūine, ZCP xi 110 . etir cealla ┐ dune ┐ treba, AU 836 . for faidchi primdúni, TBC-LL¹ 1816 . sonnach dergdharach a timchioll a dhúine, SG 66 . berthar a fir maithi ina dun co hEogan ┐ biathtar a ndaescursluag a nduntib feachtair, Lec. 409a25 . suidigud na mūr im-maig | immon dun, immon cathraig (of Celestial City), SR 426 . ic togail na primd.¤ (of cities of Canaan), 7342 . aitcidh ardnaom órduinte, SG 21 . mor dúine ndaingen roscroithset, Alex. 382 . co nac raibhe . . . d.¤ no daingen no dingna . . . gan loingeas, Cog. 40 . do cumhduigheadh dúinte ┐ daingne leis, Keat. iii 4119 . do daingne a dhúintedh ┐ a cathrach, Marco P. 123 . i ndúintibh ┐ i ndaghbhailtibh fher Mumhan fortresses, AFM v 1666 . Encampment (= 1 dúnad), TBC-LL¹ 1765 ; 1829 (= longport, St., dunadh, H 2.17 ). Dwelling, residence in general: tréigean dúin deagh-athar (i.e. heaven), Keat. Poems 372 . bunaidh, dún, a habitation , Eg. Gl. 81 .

Compds., see dúnárus, -chaire, -chlad, -lis, -phort.

Common in place-names, see Hog. Onom.

n u, m. g s. also -úid, etc. in Mid. Ir.; g s. eloidthe, elaide, Laws i 88.6 , iii 324 y are possibly for elaigthe, as if belonging to élugud, which is a dubious form. (vn. of as-luí) going out, departing, escaping, escape, elopement, evasion, migration, secret or stealthy departure: ind helud [rectius int é.¤ ] (gl. evasio) Ml. 86 b11 . inn élud (gl. descensionem (a te factam)) 92b4 . hon elud , 44b5 . ho élud 44d30 . airde n-éelutha máma `a sign of evading the (marriage) bond' Wb. 11c11 . héluda (gl. euadendi) Ml. 86 c1 . is mebul elud rig na firinne ┐ chairte fri demun `to shun the King of righteousness' Acr. 17v1 ( Thes. ii 7.34 ). rogab flaithius elud uan the sovranty has departed from us Rawl. 142 a36 . is é bás na hanma, a herchra ┐ a hélúd tria phecdaib...ón bethaid forordai, LU 36 b23 = RC xxv 250.3 . Loch Suidhe O....do eludh a nderedh aidche ḟeile Micheil co ndechaid isin Fabaill, AU 1054 (= AFM ib. ). BB 256 b34 . a n-élúgh uile uainn (: gēr-rūn) their departure from us (i.e. their death), Rel. Celt. ii 236z . fleeing, escaping (from captivity or peril): roboí in fer aile oc élúd ass LU 98a28 (= BDD 157 ). immaricfa elúd dó, 87b34 = BDD 77 . dollotar for élud (from slavery) LL 6b20 . dia luid...for élúd for imgabail, 159b38 = SG ii 481.8 . rop ecail la hIúdas Ísu do elód...al-lamaib oesa na hergabala, PH 3091 . Iósep do élód as in carcair, 3713 . na geimhligh uile dh'élúdh, IGT, Decl. ex. 305 . tarmcruthugud Slebi Taboir .i. elod ro ela Isu a fiadnaise a aspal , LB 145a38 . gan conair eluda acco `no way of escape' CCath. 2481 . 2300 . Aen. 2127 . conair eluidh , 2051 . ni fuil aco treoir n-eloid for fairgi, 2043 . cidh iat na forchoimhedaighe ní ro ráthaighset an t-éludh, AFM vi 1898.13 . Stealthy departure, elopement: echlach ras ruc i n-aithed ┐ i n-élúd uaitsiu tri lár catha fer nHerend, CRR 7 . Helind do breith...ar athed ┐ ar elód, TTr.² 523.573 . Keat. ii 2967 . eludh do feraib Breg cuice `the men of B. went secretly to him' (i.e. went over to the invader) AU 821 . attagur-sa élud inna hingine ucut la Froéch, LL 249b41 = ZCP iv 38.18 . a ghrádh...éalódh leat is é mo dhúil, Oss. vi 94.12 . elúd ram' duain-se doringne in fer dána, ┐ recfaid hí, LL 306 a36 = RC xiii 104.2 . dochum elóid ar a cul go crich mB. as in mbáogal sin, Celt. Rev. iv 206.5 ....ag triall tré ealódh oidhche d'ḟios a long used to steal away to their ships by night Keat. iii 2860 . téid i n-éalódh oidhche...go doire choille, ii 4693 . gen. as attrib.: tré dhoirsibh élaidh an bhaile, AFM vi 1956.6 .

As legal term, evasion of rightful claims; default, neglect to comply with legal customs or duties, failure to submit a claim to legal decision ( Laws vi 302 ); usual term for failure on part of the céle, or vassal, to pay his legal dues, etc. (with gen. of person or liability) ( ZCP xiv 343 § 5 ): indligidh don bidbaidh a elod-sum im dlighedh `it is unlawful for the defendant not to have offered him what the law requires' Laws i 114.21 Comm. toichníud iar n-élaud aige dia folaid `after part of his supplies has been withheld' iv 336.2 . (at the games of Carmun:) ní lamar la graifne in gáid | élud, aithne, athgabáil, Metr. Dinds. iii 18.224 . óenach...cen élúd, cen ergabáil, iv 150.60 . fiach eloidthe `fine for evading' Laws i 88.6 Comm. eiric elaide iii 324 y Comm. With léicid: da leicther a n-elodh if they [the claimants] are evaded i 88.6 Comm. nochin fuil ní uadha acht aithgin in bīdh...noco leigi fein elodh ┐ o leicfes elodh is .u. seoit, etc. he is only liable for restoration of the food until [i.e. unless] he evades [restoring] and when he evades it is five seds, etc. Cóic Con. p. 54 § 123 . indligedh don biudbudh a eludh sun do lécun im dligedh to evade him as to law Laws i 88.23 Comm. 86 z (lecudh) 86 z Comm. slan elo do lecan, v 178.21 , 25 , 27 Comm. iar lecon elothe after absconding 442.10 Comm. mac huar, as isidhe bis ina hocht i ngnæ helotha athar co n-oponar a lepaith ┐ a apuith in the status of a deserter from the father (one of the three kinds of mac beo-athar, a class whose contracts are invalid unless joined in by their fathers) ZCP xiii 23.12 . See Bürgschaft p. 11 . Cf. eluuth graece a verbo elbo (ἐλύω) .i. dessero , O'Mulc. 377 .

prep. with acc. and dat. See Thurn., Gr., and Fraser, ZCP viii 34 ff . Lenition of the obj. occurs once in the Glosses: for chenn, Ml. 44d29 , possibly a scribal error. Even in the modern period non-lenition is regular in some expressions after AR representing FOR, cf. the alliterations: feall ar filidh IGT, 24 P 8, 190.5 ; nā bí ar filidh go fortuil ib. (= Studies 1924, 245 ).

Forms: for (in Mid. Ir. MSS usually denoted by f surmounted by horizontal stroke) Glosses, pass. and later; occasionally far: Wb. 5b3 . Ml. 82d10 . Sg. 90b1 , 2 . Thes. ii 39.28 , 29 . TBC-LL¹ 3782 . LL 176a7 ( CRR 34 ), LL 268b20 ( MU² 860 ). bar, LL 265a39 ( MU² 452 ). TBC-LL¹ 2820 . 3613 , etc. fuir, Thes. ii 39.22 .

In later MSS. gradually replaced by AR. This appears occasionally in LU, more frequently in LL. In Maund. FOR still appears though AR is commoner.

With rel. part. forsa n-, fora n-: fara n-: forsa taith, Wb. 20b6 . forsa robae, Ml. 82d10 . forsa n-airisedar, Sg. 139b1 . forsmbeth, SR 1364 . forstā, 1839 . forsnaicci, Imr. Brain § 38 . forsmbí, § 43 . forsmbīd, Metr. Dinds. ii 42.2 . fora sernte Wb. 18c8 . fora taibre, 29a23 . fora n-idparar, 5b6 . fora mboí, Tur. 60 . fora ṁbi, Thes. ii 41.27 . forá mbí ib. 17 . fora mbiat, LU 2639 . fora taí, SR 3096 . farsa n-immér TBC-LL¹ 5961 . barsa mbatar, 3738 . fara mbí, Thes. ii 40.32 .

See Strachan, ZCP iv 63 ; 488 - 9 .

With article: forsin[d], forsa (n-), forsna, etc., Wb. 1d2 , 9d5 , 32d2 ; Ml. 22c12 , 46c3 , 48a21 , 84d4 ; Sg. 8a13 , 207a6 ; LU pass. farsin, Trip.² 1948 , barsin, TBC-LL¹ 4553 . barsan 3387 . Without -s-: forin[d], Ml. 60b14 , 94b11 , 120d7 . forna Ml. 51d19 . 69a11 . 138a6 . fornaib, Wb. 5a5 . Ml. 27d22 . See Strachan l.c.

Rarely with elision in sg., as in: forsn uscisin, SR 4632 .

In Mid. Ir. MSS. maintenance of -s- is the rule, though it is occasionally dropped by some scribes, e.g. forin, PH 3594 . forna, LU 2552 (H). CCath. 2574 . Marco P. 64 .

With poss. pron. 1 s. formu naimtea, Ml. 86c10 . for mo namtea, 88a8 . for mu mud, Thes. ii 294 . for mo menmuin ZCP x 338 ( Laud 615, 104 ). for mo thir ┐ for mo thalam YBL 113b47 (= form ... form, LL 270b46 . for mo chuit ..., Rawl. 134a4 ). form ḟuil, SR 1542 . form thigerna, 3188 . form laim ┐ form gail, LL 121a12 . See KZ xlviii 55 . 2 s. fort athair, Trip.² 1759 (= fort ha., Trip. 150 ). fort cheniul, Trip.² 1760 . bard, TBC-LL¹ 3230 . 3 s. and pl. fora. 1 pl. forar ndail, SR 3633 forar morsluag, 3974 . (cf. fer ruc breith for fis ... | for ndís bámar i cumriuch, SR 3286 , where f. is possibly a contraction of forar). 2 pl. f.¤ far naimtib, TTr.² 1775 .

With pron. suff.: 1 s. form, Wb. 8d26 . Ml. 2a6 . 59a18 . 104d2 . SR 1584 . fórm, LU 5669 . formsa, LL 224a28 ( TTr. 513 ). fórmsa, LU 4507 . forom, SR 1404 . foromm, TBC-LL¹ 3752 . forumsa, Ml. 44b29 . 89a2 . TBC-LL¹ 3750 . LL 234a34 ( TTr. 1278 ). foromsa, LL 223by ( TTr. 488 ). forum, Acall. 3357 . ḟorum, LL 234a13 ( TTr. 1261 = orum, BB 426a47 ). orum, Acall. 304c . 6994 . orumsa, 7696 . formm, LB 8a52 . ormm, LB 246b55 ( PH 7807 ).

2 s. fort, Wb. 6a14 . 28d9 . SR 6258 . LU 4789 . 6252 . ort LU 6097 . fortsu, Ml. 113d11 . LU 6593 .

3 s., m. n., acc. foir, Wb. 4d15 . 28b30 . Tur. 85 . 110c0 . Ml. 2a6 . 41a5 . 53a19 . 54c16 . Sg. 209b12 . fair, Wb. 7c4 . LU 6299 . LL 227b30 ( TTr. 777 ). ḟair, LL 220b ( TTr. 262 ). PH. CCath. pass. foirsom, Wb. 8c1 . foirsem, Sg. 209b12 . fairseom, LU 6239 . fairsem, CCath. 1803 .

dat. foir, Wb. 6d6 . 10b9 . Tur. 123 . for (older form, GOI 275 ) LL 49b19 ( Hail Brigit § 4 ). YBL 12a10 (cf. foir Ériu ii 55 § 3 = i 138 where rime with tol is required). fair LU 2051. 7554 . LL 98a34 . 99a40 . Acall. 89 . ḟair, LL 224b5 ( TTr. 533 ). ḟairside, LL 235b13 ( TTr. 375 ). cf. faride TBC-LL¹ 5173 .

cf. acc. forrae, Tur. 79 . furri, Acall. 6437 . furri, LL 224b39 ( TTr. 556 ). ḟurthi, LL 230a41 ( TTr. 968 ). uirre, Acall. 1253 .

dat. fuiri, Wb. 3d34 . Sg. 4b9 . Ml. 95b6 . furi, 45c9 . 118d6 . fuiri sidi, Sg. 199a5 . furri, LU 3918. 4512 . 7993 . LL 218a32 ; 221b19 ( TTr. 90 ; 323 ). LL 66a39 . LB 7a40 . fuirri, LU 4517 , SR 3108 . Marco P. 10 . fora (v.l. forra, fuirri), Imr. Brain § 3 . fuirre, Marco P. 12 . uirre, CCath. 1947 .

1 pl. fornn, Wb. 2a13 . 8d18 . 30b2 . Ml. 46b26 . 119d6 . fornd LU 3254 . 5220 . 6780 . 9244 . ornn, PH 6865 . fornni, Wb. 14b15 . Ml. 77c6 . 88a4 . 90d17 . forunni, 111c13 . forni, LU 1674. 8554 . forund, TBC-LL¹ 2974 . forond, LU 8620 . foirn, TBC-LL¹ 617 . PH 2060 . 7848 . foirnn, 1502 . foirnd, CCath. 648 . oirn, PH 6863 . oirnd, 8063 . CCath. 652 . foraindi, TBC-I¹ 3578 . LB 162a62 . foraind, Acall. 4867. 6165 . forainde, LB 34b56 . 162a53 . oraind, Acall. 2996 . CCath. 1679 . orainne (v.l. forn. forinn) 1659 . orainde, Acall. 5074. 7655 .

2 pl. foirib, Wb. 14c40 . 21d5 . Ml. 46a14 . forib, Wb. 6a17 ( ZCP xvii 223 ), 27c11 . fuirib, 14d17 . 20b2 . furib, Ml. 115b8 . fuiribsi, Wb. 7a4 . furibsi, 18a18 . foraib, Trip.² 1589 . LU 7233. 7755 . LL 239a15 . CCath. 3569 . foraibh, 610 . foraibse, TTr.² 119 . foirb, SR 5534 . Trip.² 1651 . foirbsi, SR 3116 . oraib, Acall. 7539 , YBL 376b42 ( Aithd. D. p. 158 ).

3 pl. acc. forru, Wb. 1d3 . 10c5 . 28c3 . Ml. 53d13 . 73b17 . 127b6 . LU 4784 . 5309 . LL 66b10 . 241b88 ( TTr. 1859 ). CCath. 3738 (Fr.). ḟorru, LL 223d27 ; 242b2 ( TTr. 438 ; 1908 ). forrusom, Wb. 9c10 . forro, LU 5796 (M). 5836 (H). Acall. 5317 . 7117 . CCath. 1237 (S) (in dat. meaning Acall. 2458 . 3501 . 3745 . LL 223b21 ). forra, CCath. 1640 (H). 3754 (Fr.). fortha, CCath. 3599 (Fr.). orra, CCath. 1237 . 1488 . orru, Acall. 3299 . forthu, SR 3942 . fortho, LU 2556 (H). fortha, CCath. 3599 (Fr.). fortu, forta, 1488 (v.l.).

dat. forib, Wb. 4d2 . 29b20 . foraib, Ml. 121a5 .

dat. for acc. forib, Wb. 28c4 . foraib, 4c35 . Ml. 49b6 . 54a4 . 54b30 . 90a25 . 118d19 . forroib, LU .5608 .

Cf. fortus.

In Mid.Ir. MSS forru (forro, forthu, etc.) and foraib are often found without distinction of case. In the Laud-Lismore text of Acall. pretonic for is very rare; it is regularly replaced by ar. But with suff. pron. 3 s. m. n. fair is predominant; there are very few instances of air. In the other pronominal forms those with and without f- seem to share the field equally.

In classical verse the pretonic form is AR, but the pronominal forms are regularly those of FOR without f. an exception is orat, orad (beside ort). Cf. O. Ir. airiut, erut from AR. See 24 P 8 (McKenna, Tracts).

Synopsis of meanings:

I Of local relations:

(a) on, upon , expressing both contact and relative position ( over, above ) also of mere external contact or position.

(b) of approximate position juxtaposition. on, at, by .

(c) in sense upheld, supported by; being worn or carried by .

(d) after verbs of placing, hoisting, over, up .

(e) of things attached to or forming part of the body, etc.

(f) in, amongst; forming a portion of .

(g) with acc. after verb or verbal noun implying motion on, over, to, towards .

II Of quasi-local relations, and in abstract and fig. expressions:

(a) of form, appearance, hue, etc.

(b) of arrangement, state, process; division, classification, naming .

(c) of point of time; coincidence of occurrence .

(d) on (of that by which something is evident, known, recognized, etc.).

(e) with words expressing quality, talent, success, etc. , indicating the possessor of these.

(f) over, of rule, sway, superior might .

(g) upon, in addition to; in succession to, after .

(h) on i.e. affecting, afflicting (of emotions, physical or mental states or conditions).

(i) governing object of blessing, cursing, punishing, etc.

(j) (existing) on, by means of (a food, diet); relying on; depending on .

(k) with abstr. or verbal noun, also with adj. in (a state or condition).

(l) at (an occupation or task).

(m) to express the dativus incommodi, the person adversely affected by the action.

(n) expressing constraint, compulsion: ata f.¤ is incumbent on; owing from (see 1 fíach).

(o) expressing worth, value .

(p) phrases.

(q) after adj.

III In verbal construction.

IV Replacing AR.

I Of local relations: on, upon , expressing both contact and relative position ( over, above ); also of mere external contact or position.

(a) on, over, above: buith f.¤ ochtrach, Ml. 129c2 . a mbís f.¤ altoir ind idil, Wb. 10a6 . ind altóir fora n-idparar, 5b6 . cen chaille f.¤ a ciunn (gl. non uelato capite) Wb. 11c9 . den chamull fora mbói, Tur. 60 . Conall ... forsin Deirg mounted on LL 122a34 . bretha ind óic ... f.¤ fúataib immach were carried out on biers LU 1595 . contuletsom f.¤ a ndergodaib 1829 . suidfid ... f.¤ a chathair, 2319 . luid ... co raba f.¤ a úaitni, 1723 . is fota a chubat f.¤ lár his measurement is long (when he is stretched) on the ground 1605 . fochartatar grith imme co mbátar f.¤ lár in tige, 7560 ( BDD 109 ). See also s.v. lár. Often = in: co mboí f.¤ medon ind lis, LU 1608 . cach óen creitfes ... f.¤ nim ní bá tróg, LU 9495 . cid f.¤ tír cid f.¤ usci cid f.¤ fidchill cotrisam whether it be on land or on water we contend, or over a chessboard 1674 . dia ḟagbáil i fid no i fidbaid, f.¤ tír no usci, LL 220ax ( TTr. 237 = ar muir na ar tir, BB 414a37 ). co forcongrad lais ... | na beth f.¤ crích n Israhél, SR 6216 (cf. atat cinedhaigh ar an fásach sin dianad ainm B., Maund. 49 ). co ra churet cath forsinn [ḟ]aithchi sin co torsed fuil formna fer furri, LL 221b18 ( TTr. 323 ). Cf. coro airet ... lá n-air ar inn [ḟ]aigthisea, LL 221b15 ( TTr. 320 = ... isin f.¤ , BB 415a23 ). atchiu fer ... for sin maig, LU 4564 . cid fó cid for ... beme whether we be above or beneath YBL 12a10 . in fú talam no f.¤ talam?, Trip.² 1118 . iarna bádhadh forsan abhainn `after she had been drowned in the river' Cóir Anm. 255 . ind uisci f.¤ ind nim anúas (gl. super caelum) Ml. 120d7 . domarfás and ... mothur ... ḟairside anúas, LL 235b14 ( TTr. 1375 ). cíid f.¤ in mac weeps over the child ZCP viii 311.14 . ro chí f.¤ a muime, Trip.² 115 . No chanta ór fírindi fair used to be chanted over him BDD 11 . banchuiri f.¤ colaind Fraích, LU 5236 . a fuini f.¤ grís to bake it on the embers SR 3903 . a scéith f.¤ a cennaib dia sáerad, LU 5888 . f.¤ bith, f.¤ domun, f.¤ talmain, freq. in sense above ground, anywhere on earth, in existence: in dia as dech f.¤ bith buan, SR 3973 . in t-én as luaithiu luamain f.¤ bith, LU 2477 (cf. ní boí isin bith ..., 3377 ). cenco beind acht óenlá f.¤ domun alive 5060 . ni raibi forsin domun ingen bid chaime ..., YBL 189b3 ( RC xxiv 198 ). (cf. ni fuil ní ar doman ina esbaid acht fín, Maund. 159 . ni fuighbither ... ar bith ná ar doman, CCath. 262 ). cech mil beo baí f.¤ talmain, SR 1930 . See also s.v. fot, 2 fúait, 2 ed.

Of wounds, bruises, etc. cned f.¤ corp, Laws ii 156.20 . facbait .l. cned fairseom, LU 4967 . co lín crechta f.¤ a chnis 4547 .

(b) Of approximate position, juxtaposition, on, at, by: ... file cuimrecha formsa, Wb. 23a5 . ata árchú lemsa ..., tri slabrada fair, LU 5001 . buithe f.¤ dese Dé on God's right hand Ml. 128a3 . ani f.¤ laim deis `that on the right hand' [side] Thes. ii 255.8 . Fergus ... f.¤ láim Ailello isin phupull ... M. f.¤ a láim aili do Alill, LU 4619 . Cf. O. ar a láim clí, ┐ M. f.¤ a láimsein, ┐ E. ara láimhsein, Acall. 2256 . (but: bachla f.¤ láim, SR 3915 corresponds to tenentes baculos in manibus Exodus xii 11 . See lám). dún ..., dorus umaide fair, LU 1793 . batar ... da dorus forsin uaim, PH 6316 . dorus ... as nesu ille is fair ro sudiged M., LU 2084 . ra sudigit ... secht ṅdorais furri, LL 227a ( TTr. 737 ). conéracht Glaiss C. fríu ... féotár fuirri (.i. f.¤ a bru), LU 5363 . cath f.¤ brú Derguist, 224 . f.¤ brú puirt G., LL 219b marg. inf. ( TTr. 142 ). f.¤ a mbeulu (gl. prone cadentium) Ml. 131b6 . form dreich sea facing me LU 3892 (see 1 drech). dofessid f.¤ gualaind C. seated himself beside C. 8076 (but in 5293 , 5294 , 5295 the literal meaning `on the shoulder' is probably intended). See 1 gúala. sléchtaid ... f.¤ díb traigthib ind noeb, Ériu ii 204.9 . Cf. is ar bordaibh cuirid iat they put them (sitting) at tables Maund. 39 . fon domun f.¤ cech leth (gl. longe lateque) Ml. 53b9 . tho ḟolt scailti ... f.¤ cach n-óenleth, SR 1602 . biait ar mná ... f.¤ bróntib at the querns (i.e. grinding corn, cf. II l) LU 5610 . nírb áelid dóib ar buí in slúag forro for cech leth, LU 1441 .

Cf. the fig. expressions: f.¤ belib (gl. in caritate non ficta) Wb. 15a37 . f.¤ bréthir (oppd. to in corde) 15d5 . indí forsa n-airisedar in gním (gl. in quem fit actus) Sg. 139b1 . is mithig forchenn fair, Ml. 118b6 .

Of pregnancy: in tan robtar lán a n-noí mís f.¤ Cormac when she had carried C. for nine months ZCP viii 310.31 . Cf. ba torrach f.¤ C. ib. 29 . See torrach. Possibly this use belongs rather to II.

(c) Freq. in sense upheld, supported by, also being worn (esp. of weapons, ornaments; IMM is regularly used of clothes) or carried by: Crist co crunn a cruche foir fesin (i.e. carrying it) Tur. 123 . acht robed arma Dae foirib, Wb. 22d15 . gaibid armma Dae foirib, 22d11 . día mbeth gaisced foraib if they carried arms LU 7296 ( BDD 94 ). fotalsceith foraib, LU 4491 . sciath f.¤ a chliu, LL 241b34 ( TTr. 1856 ). scíath ... f.¤ a muin, LU 10664 . claideb f.¤ a ṡliastaib, 9269 . claideb ...f.¤ a chris, 6561 . dulend f.¤ a bruinnib, 9267 . ticfat da dam ... ┐ tabraidsi in carpat foraib (= harness them to it) 3124 . ro inled a carpatt forna echu, Trip.² 2852 . ro loisc ... in cherdcha forro `set fire to the forge in which they were' (cf. II (m)) RC xxiv 194 ( YBL 188b ). f.¤ óenchoiss (standing) on one leg LU 6983 . atchiat insi ... f.¤ óenchois on a single pillar LU 1936 (cf. II j, 2).

(d) after vb. of placing, hoisting, over, up: focress a phupall f.¤ Ailill, LU 4618 . Claitir in fert fair, ZCP viii 560.33 . tuargabsat T. idnaid catha forru, LL 225a37 ( TTr. 552 ). toccbaid for mergedha foraibh, CCath. 610 . ro toccbait a fainbreiti siuil forta, 2870 . ra tocbait a eoin gaithi ... ḟurri `its vanes were uplifted' (of a ship) TTr. 140 ( LL 219a8 ). (fig.) tuárgabad fornn aire fochide, Wb. 14b22 .

Cf. la turcbail a mátan fair, LU 6560 , where the prep. evidently refers to the performer of the action. Similarly: tócbaid in derba fair ┐ dobeir bulli in [sic] cend na mná 4357 .

(e) Of things attached to, or forming part of a body, etc., as, parts of weapons; hair, limbs; leaves of trees, etc.: manais f.¤ crúnd midsing, LU 4491 . folt buidi furri 4512 . mong ... fair, 10795 . in folt ... ro asair furri 4231 . tri cruindberrtha foraib, 7139 . ni lugu bís finn fo a dernaind oldās fuirri anúas (of a hare), Bodl. Corm. s.v. pattu. a chend féin f.¤ ind ir út, LU 460 . cēt muinēl furri ┐ cét cend f.¤ cach muineol, 2430 . cét bass ... cét n-ingen f.¤ cach oenbaiss, 888 . .l. torc ... co cruib eich foraib = having the hooves of a horse Ériu xii 176.9 ( TE III 9 ). rethi co n-olaind ordai fair, LL 218a36 ( TTr. 93 ). lia nat luibi f.¤ maigaib, SR 935 . nach crann fors mbeth duilirath, 1364 . ásfaid ind oland forsnaib cairib, LL 291b26 ( RC xiii 462 . Cf. olann ... mar bis ar caerchaib ..., Maund. 181 ). di lus bís forsnaib caircib, Tur. 115 . lir ... fér f.¤ faichthi, LU 7233 ( BDD 89 ). lir ... dulli f.¤ fidbaid, LL 120b33 . Cf. dorigni cúach cera da gnúis ┐ da agid fair, LU 6453 . brisfed mo chend formsa, 5275 . co mmebaid a chend fair, 5300 where the prep. apparently imparts precision or emphasis, but cf. II (m). co tarla a di bond bána fair (= he became a corpse) LU 1497 ( MU² 987 ). a mbuind banai forra iarna trascrad RC xii 90 (see 1 bonn). Cf. techtaid delba ... fair, LU 2701 , cited II (a) below.

(f) In, amongst; forming a part of, mixed with: Colman diata Clann Colmáin f.¤ Feraib Li (i.e. belonging to F.L.) ZCP viii 293.31 (= a quo Cl.C. hi F.L., Rawl. 140a18 ). Mail D. a quo sil M.D. f.¤ Huib Echdach, Rawl. 140a21 = ZCP viii 294.4 . bátar Cristaidi forna cathaib sin diblínaib in both those battalions Marco P. 64 .

(g) With acc. After verb or vn. implying motion on, to, towards: intí do thuit foir, Wb. 4d15 . for a mbeulu (gl. prone cadentium) Ml. 131b6 . dosfuit f.¤ lar, SR 1719 . techt f.¤ nem, Wb. 15c22 . lotair f.¤ muir, LU 1697 . amal no théigtis suas forin drochet, 1794 . dofutitis écne ... anúas f.¤ talmain, 1916 . berthair uaimse f.¤ altóir A., 1932 . ro díbairgsi certli forsin luiṅg, LL 221b46 ( TTr. 344 ). ní cían ro saig mu suil forsa muir not far doth mine eye reach over the sea Trip.² 1312 (114) . na taít f.¤ culu, Wb. 25c14 . in grían do thecht ... f.¤ culu, Ml. 61a13 (see cúl). cingid ... di cach biur f.¤ araili, LU 5733 . téit ara chend forsin taulaig, 5759 . saidsíus f.¤ medón na glassi, 4797 . timachtatár taris ... la crand f.¤ scíathu by (beating) shafts against shields 5828 . do theged fian ... do seilg fairsium, 6138 . benaim beimend ... f.¤ slóg, 6171 . Cf. nicon tetarraid béim ... fair, 5977 . ní lamar fuligud forrosom, 4960 . Also fig.: léim ... dind tinchosc ... f.¤ aisndiis di thuiste dúile, Wb. 5c16 . ni tāinig cride neich fair no one had pity on him RC xxiv 48 (see do-icc).

In late MSS. the dat. pl. is common here: guro tuitseat f.¤ fanglenntaibh na tiri, CCath. 866 .

Across, by way of: nachab ticfed for rí ... do imthecht foirib a doirsea, Ml. 46a14 . f.¤ sligi M. dochoidsi, LU 5788 . issed dollotar ... .i. f.¤ Muicc C. ... f.¤ Crond, hi Cualngi across Muicc C. ... across Crond, into Cualnge 4593 - 4608 . tiat A. ... f.¤ Midlúachrae. ragmaine ┐ F. f.¤ Bernas nU., 5396 . comergit ... ara ammus, araill dib f.¤ less, araill f.¤ doras liss 5017 . fócoislé f.¤ forlés in tige, 10910 (cf. con-acca in n-én forsin forléss a ddochum, BDD 7 ). co tánic a inchind f.¤ a chlúasa, LU 5286 . co ndeochaid f.¤ a béolo sair, 6026 . docoised ferchend fora beolu, 5919 . maidid a loim fola f.¤ a beolu LL 273az .

See also under the verbs of motion referred to in III below, and such words as leth, 1 lorg, 1 selg, slicht, etc.

In follg. ex. the meaning is not clear: ro túaslaicthe f.¤ aicned na ndūl dia ndernta, LU 2518 (`according to the nature' Stokes, RC xxv 237 ). Cf. ro tuaislaiced fo aicned na ndula `was resolved into the original nature of the elements' PH 6980 .

II Of quasi-local relations, and in abstract and fig. expressions:

(a) of form, appearance, hue, flavour: delb a bais som form, Wb. 24a8 . delb anmandae foraib, Ml. 130a3 . ecosc n-abstal forib, Wb. 24a25 . condarbastar gné fírinne fuiri Ml. 95b6 (cf. delb domárfas fair, LU 4576 ). atá comarde fuirib, Wb. 21a5 . (Cf. the lit.: bíth comardae f.¤ a mbudin LU 5540 ). techtaid delba ┐ gnei écsamla fair, LU 2701 , cf. I (e), end. is follus ... gné mbróin fairseom, 2279 . datha na flesc ... hed nobid forsna huanaib, SR 2964 . na treoit ┐ dath óir f.¤ a n-alaind, LL 218a45 ( TTr. 99 ). sruth ... co rath somailse foir, Ml. 89d3 . bieid rath somailse f.¤ a belru 89c15 . secip blas bá mellach ... fogebed fair, LU 1788 . tintud Septin ... is he fil forna psalmaib (= the psalms are translated from the Septuagint version) Hib. Min. 10.334 .

(b) of arrangement, state, process; division, classification; naming: inna imthanad .i. fele [ = file] forsnaib ráthib, Ml. 93c7 . ataat .uii. ngne forsin chombug `the confraction is of seven kinds' Thes. ii 254.7 . oengles foraib huile, SR 92 . ataat deora erndaili forsin canoin, Hib. Min. 3.63 . atat cetri gnuse forsin canoin ib. 78 . cis lir rann fil f.¤ crū? Ériu i 214.12 . atat tri altai leusom f.¤ ind gabail (of singing the Canticles), Mon. Tall. § 33 (= atad dá mhodh ara n-abairthear íad, Rule of Tallaght 102 ). cia ord bias forru, LU 2575 . is diall femin file fair it is of the feminine declension Sg. 93b2 . doralsat óenclár catha foraib dia tobairt, LU 1478 ( MU² 955 ; `formed themselves into a solid phalanx' SGS v 30 ). daringsetar comraind slúaig forru, LL 224b30 ( TTr. 550 ). ni rabi cumsanad forsin chathugud sin ... the fighting did not cease LL 242a3 ( TTr. 1873 ). conach bui nach tairisimh f.¤ a n-urcoraib occo, CCath. 5660 . ro tṡeindestar C. a timpan ┐ tuc nuallorgan sidhe fuirri, Acall. 4620 . ro dercsat na moli ... for fogluasacht, ┐ ni facadar seoladh no iomramh fortó they saw the ... masses in movement yet they did not see them being sailed or rowed CCath. 2655 . Of names: nipa far n-ainmsi bias forib, Wb. 4d2 . da n-ainm fuirri, ZCP viii 106 § 5 . roboí ... oc iarraid a anma do bith forsin cnuc, LU 3150 . combad de sin nobeth Almu furri 3145 . Mane f.¤ cach fir díb ┐ forainm f.¤ cach Mani, 6847 . a ainm do bith forsin luing ┐ f.¤ a fairind, LL 219a30 ( TTr. 158 ). atá Dún tri liacc d'ainm fair, Acall. 1178 . See also s.v. for-tá.

(c) Of point of time; coincidence of occurrence: fēli ... do curither for dardain no mairt, Rule of Céli D. 9 ( LB 9b ). do toscelad aiss aesci far caisc `to ascertain the moon's age on Easter' Thes. ii 39.24 ; 27 . cid lae sechtmaine fora mbí Kl. Ian., Thes. ii 41.17 . calainn Enair for dardaín, ZCP viii 111.6 . Ann. Conn. 1226 , etc. Kl. enair for Domnuch ┐ xuiii furri New Year's day on a Sunday and the 18th of the moon on it [lit. her, calann, f.] Ann. Inisf. 43c (1206) = ALC i 234 . in la forsmbi bisex, Fél. 78.11 . ind naob asa feil bís for ind láo, Mon. Tall. § 8 (= sa feil do biodh ar an la sin, Rule of Tallaght 42 ). for cach ló every day CCath. 358 .

(d) on (of that by which something is evident, known, recognized, etc.): rēil f.¤ a mbrēthir ōn a n-andach imme ro[r]daisset `is clear from their word' Ml. 90d16 . is reil fornn ... condrancamar fria morolcc, SR 1347 . follus f.¤ th'erlabra fén do pheccad, PH 5169 . ni ro airigsium fort ... .i. f.¤ do gnímrad ... ailcius dula dochúm nime ocut, 8213 . is follus f.¤ suidhichthibh na Roma conad docra ... congbail in cadusa ina fogbail in ratha, CCath. 803 . Cf. ba follus a n-anádh [sic leg.] fein f.¤ na Romanchaib the ill-luck of the Romans was manifest 810 (cf. e). Cf. ba mor in galur di, dael oca diul ... ni fitir nech sin furri, Fél. 44.1 (possibly = she showed no sign of it, though also it might = no one knew she was so afflicted). Cf. also: ni fitir nech dib f.¤ araile a n-imchossait do B., LU 8251 . Cf. (m) last cit., and see 1 ráthaigid.

(e) With words expressing quality, talent, success, etc. indicating the possessor of these: is foraib bíaid búaid in tslóig, LU 4631 (`it is to their credit the victory of the hosts will be' Faraday, Cattleraid of C.). ní fair bías a nós nách a allud nach a irdarcus acht is fortso, LU 6376 (cf. is oraibsi bias a nós ┐ a allud ┐ a urdarcus, Acall. 3575 Fr; R). itát tri búada formsa .i. búaid roisc, etc. I have three talents, i.e. the talent of sight, etc. LU 4791 . rath fortsu ... ina lōg sin, 3114 . bátár teóra búada aradnachta forin n-araid in lá sin, 6407 (cf. buaid lamaig ort!, Acall. 4809 ). ba ferr leo a mudhughudh innas a somain f.¤ a naimdib `they preferred to destroy them than to benefit their enemies there with' CCath. 2484 . Cf. ni fil do chonāch formsa in fer sin im fiednaisi, 3576 (testem hunc fortuna negavit Luc. Phars. vi 159 ).

(f) over (of rule, sway; superior might): a cumacte f.¤ a mogaib, Wb. 27c16 . mu chumachtae forna doini, Ml. 56b2 . bit flathi f.¤ cāch, 85b2 . a cumachta f.¤ dúlib, LL 218b6 ( TTr. 106 ). doratsat rīgi ... | do Dauid ... | f.¤ túathaib, SR 6620 . i n-aimsir Cinaeda ... f.¤ Albain, 2350 . Temair ... cen rechtgi ríg furri, LU 3440 . mairg forsa mbía do thigernu demon, 2225 . ro gab tra nert Saxan f.¤ Bretnu ... ┐ rogab O. rige forru, 277 . bui rí amra f.¤ Érinn, BDD 1 . bai rí f.¤ Ultaib, YBL 114b6 . co raghbhaitis oénrig forru, TTr.² 1339 . (cf. rí ar gach tír, Maund. 243 . Eogan mac M. ... ar tsil nA., 6 . Magidoin ... is uirri sin da bí Alaxander na ríg 21 ). tussu ... do giallud forni, LU 1674 . ropada[t] trēn f.¤ ōcaib, 6720 . ni fríth fornert nacha fini foraib cosindiu `never until to-day did any tribe oppress you' TTr. 1645 ( LL 239a13 ).

(g) upon, in addition to (see do-formaig): fair anuas in addition to it Cáin Ad. 25 . cach ae f.¤ alaill (gl. cumularentur) Ml. 96b4 . cumal f.¤ a secht eight cumals Laws iv 330.8 ( Críth G. 464 ). óen f.¤ trí secht twenty-two Metr. Dinds. iii 98 . sé scripuil f.¤ unga an ounce and six scruples Cáin Ad. 44 . mis f.¤ bliadain a year and a month ACL iii 3.9 . ro marbhadh fer f.¤ a deich diobh, BNnÉ 107 § 25 . fer f.¤ leth Connacht `more than half the C.' Cóir Anm. 251 (cf. treab ar leth Alpan, IT ii2 123.32 . duine ar leith fer nErenn, SG 20.36 ). tercda arro tuilled da forsin focul cert where `da' has been added to the right word LU 462 ( ACC 2 Comm. ). dobeir Dia traig cacha bliadna f.¤ a lethet adds a foot to its width LU 1843 . ind forcraid fil f.¤ aicniud what exceeds nature 2559 . a nduesta día aīs som co ndigsed f.¤ áes a maicc, Trip.² 1268 . Cf. da beind f.¤ tri fichtib rend, LU 1271 (`Two antlers with three score points' Imr. Brain ii 297 ).

forib nó sech na huili predicta (gl. super omnia autem haec) Colloss. iii 14 ) Wb. 27b20 .

From this use arises the sense in succession to, after , the development is plain in the earlier exx. quoted below: du fuairthed ní leu f.¤ a sāith din main = some of the manna used to remain over when they had had their fill Ml. 97d10 . a canar ... for sen `what is chanted ... thereafter' Thes. ii 253.14 (Stowe Miss.). loim f.¤ sāith, LU 3610 ( SCC 30 ). cleirech ... lasmbí ní f.¤ a leortu who has more than suffices him Ériu vii 156 § 10 . doformagar a dligid ... forsanní doruirmisem over and above what we have enumerated Ériu i 220 § 15 . in biat forsa canar immon Muiri `the Beati after which the Hymn to Mary is sung' Mon. Tall. § 30 (corresp. to: don bhiaid le n-abradh I.M., Rule of Tallaght 90 ). ind bi[a]t forsa ndene ind crosfigild `the Beati after which he performs the cross-vigil' ib. (corresp. to: le ndeunamh an chr., Rule of Tallaght 90 ). canair magnificat furri ib. (= Cantar M. uirre, Rule of Tallaght 90 ). cétbliada[i]n f.¤ bisex ... bliada[i]n tanaiste f.¤ bisex the first year following leap-year ... the second year ... RC xviii 296 - 300 . cf. it bliadni fuir bissext, Thes. ii 39.22 (cf. Ann. Inisf. 1101 ). ind ráithe dothét foir .i. samrad ZCP viii 175z . forsind ochtmugait bliadnae són `over the eighty years' (gl. supra uotum uiuendi) Ml. 111b22 .

In the follg. exx. we have a slightly different development of meaning; in addition to, along with: oc ool usci ... do dig forsna glasluibib, SR 1894 = ... fér in talman do chaithem ... ┐ usce do dhig fair, LB 113a26 (cf. superbibere). Cf. further: o duillib in crainn sin d'ól ar uisque , Maund. 160 .

(h)

(1) on, i.e., affecting, afflicting (of emotions, physical or mental states or conditions, joy, sorrow, fear, anxiety, sickness, pain, hunger, etc.; see also under words expressive of these): comadas lobre et immomon forsin mug, Wb. 8b1 . ni bi nach dethiden foir, 10b9 . ata dethiden fuiri cene, 3d34 . sním fora menmain, Ml. 89b7 . is e for snimsa fil formsa `it is care for you that I feel' CCath. 5148 . dond imniud roboí forsin popul, Ml. 103b9 . ni baí imneth foraib, LU 5832 . nicon robae ni form acht failte, Ml. 104d2 . biith galar ... fortsu, Wb. 29a26 (cf. mina roibh cosachtach air, Rosa Angl. 288.10 ). cia rodbatar tirbithi aili fornn, Wb. 14d13 . boí toirrsi f.¤ a muime, Trip.² 156 (cf. ni do thabirt toirse fuiribsi anísiu, Wb. 14a14 ). atā ēcen mōr fornd, LU 1562 . in machdad ... roboí forsnaib doirsib, Ml. 46a19 . in cóe ... boí f.¤ sluagaib I., SR 5806 . intí forsa mbeith ítu mór, Mon. Tall. § 48 (= damadh mor an ita do bhiadh ar neach, Rule of Tallaght § 98 ). bo geis don filidh anfis do beith fair, ACL iii 4.20 . Cf. i n-ítaid, i ngalur, etc. LU 2350 - 51 . cen ainbthini foraib (gl. fluctus ... in stationes suas rediunt) Ml. 121a5 .

With adjectives: arnap trom fuirib for n-oínur Wb. 14d17 . trummu foraib som imram ... quam techt ..., Ml. 126a4 . ní réid fort you do not find it easy LU 4789 (cf. ro étrummaigset doíri forna cenela, Ml. 113c8 ). ni ba mór forumsa sain, LL 234a34 ( TTr. 1278 = BB 426b42 ). ni mó formsa ... cid fiala a flaithe, ACL iii 296.38 . See also s.v. bec (beg). Some exx. with 1 esbaid, esbud may be mentioned here although in O.Ir. it takes 1 ar of person deprived : na raib form esbaid, SR 1584 . cen essbaid nacha maithiusa foraib, LU 2042 ( FA 12 ).

(2) of purpose, attention: scríbend menmman .i. robboí f.¤ a inndṡliucht som `it had been in his mind' Sg. 178b4 . in sét atá form aire on which I am intent Ériu vi 115 . Cf. nicon fil f.¤ menmain damsa sin, Ériu viii 156.22 .

(i) governing object of blessing, cursing, punishing, etc.: mallacht ... for a n-apaid, LU 2436 . mallacht fort beolu, LL 272b2 . dígal ... forru, Wb. 1d3 . conicc dígail forib, 6a17 . ni dechudsa cucuib ... do aidbiur foirib, Wb. 14c40 . bendacht Dé f.¤ Díchuin, Trip.² 387 . bendecht f.¤ Firu Cúle, 2157 . bennacht dé ┐ ande fort, LU 6852 . bai a mbennacht f.¤ Iosiaph, SR 3552 . ní ó gothaib ... dogénat ... in molad sa f.¤ Dia, LU 2676 .

(j)

(1) existing on, by means of (a food, diet): ros altatar f.¤ carnaib mac ṁbec reared her on Rawl. 132a5 ( Expuls. 8 ). adbert nad ebalta lee hē f.¤ lacht, BB 497a17 (= Dinds. 142 ). teora bliadnai f.¤ usciu ┐ bargin, Ériu vii 140.5 . secht mís ... f.¤ usce ┐ bargin, RC xv 489z ( ar usci ┐ b., 491.1 ). rosáeth linni do bithsiu f.¤ uisciu, LU 6051 . Cf. xl dies f.¤ doborfiit forty days on water-diet Thes. ii 38.29 (see PIT, and Thes., p. 67 ). roboi si f.¤ suidiu co cend mbliadna she was on that ration for a year Mon. Tall. § 60 . dā cēd bliadhain doib f.¤ iascc, f.¤ enlaith, Leb. Gab.(i) i 30 . conid furri [ = forsin chloich] buí sásad dó etir biadh ┐ digh (of a stone placed in his cheek), Cáin Ad. 12 . Cf. coro rosind mo ṡáith f.¤ t'acaldaimsiu, Mon. Tall. § 25 (= mo shaith cainnte d'fhaghail riotsa, Rule of Tallaght § 81 ).

(2) a similar use is relying on, depending on; sometimes = content with (some of the citations however seem to approach the meaning under k): do berar mac an righ ... f.¤ aoncois ┐ aonlaim ┐ aonshuil (i.e. having the use of these only, cf. the corresp. passage: Rex ... habebat filium qui erat c[a]ecus, claudus et surdus V. SS. Hib. ii 146 ) BNnÉ 185.14 . Cf. .ccc. fear f.¤ aencossaib ┐ f.¤ aenlamaib ┐ aensuilib, BB 372a45 ( Dinds. 41 ). See also I (c), end. cethri coicid E. form laim ┐ form gail ┐ form gaisced do aurscartad di Maig M. `on my hand and my valour and my weapons it rests to sweep the four-fifths of E. from M. M.' RC iii 179 ( LL 121a12 ). Ni horum ata, acht forma tuismidhtoraib (= it is not for me to decide), Stair Erc. 932 . mád día loga bemitni f.¤ a breith mani loga ... ni bemni forsind recht sin if he forgives we will abide by his judgment ... if he does not forgive we will not abide by that law LU 9753 . foemuis ... oirisium f.¤ dliged a sen, Marco P. 25 . on tsaeibhdliged fora taithe, 24 . bid inund comairle f.¤ a mbiat, LU 2639 . ni bar óenscéol atát na druid the druids do not agree LL 265a39 ( MU² 452 ), a airm f.¤ congbail ina laim grasped in his hand CCath. 3546 . conimragba f.¤ greis. ┐ dītin ... dom imdegail ar demnaib, YBL 327a16 ( Ir. Lit. 34 ), see 1 greis(s). See also commairge, fáes(s)am, etc. Here probably: bid maith a ana f.¤ cethru his wealth in cattle ZCP x 225 § 2 . dogegaind | anad sunn f.¤ bicc ḟeraind, Trip.², 1273 (= content with ?). Cf. also Corm. Y 211 cited supra, col. 192.3. appraind ná bása f.¤ mo nirt would I had been in my strength ! LU 6370 . Cf. in tan roboí Mac C. f.¤ a áltaib isind ármaig when Mac C. lay wounded on the field LU 7964 ( BDD 162 ). Cf. far diall tanaisiu of the second declension. Sg. 106b20 . is fuire side daroine O. in Félire in this (metre) O. composed the F. Fél. 4 .

The uses illustrated, respectively, in the two sections following are not always easy to distinguish. The principal difference is that (k) usually expresses passivity rather than activity. Some of the exx. there might possibly be assigned to (j), while in (l) action, purpose is implied. For later exx. see 1 AR, where the absence of lenition in these uses betrays the original prep.

(k) With abstr. or vn. , also with adj. in (a state, condition) : amal mbīs rothmol ... f.¤ bithimpud, SR 200 . f.¤ tuili doib they were in flood 2523 . sruth ... f.¤ teibirsin, Marco P. 5 . sornd tentide f.¤ lassad blazing LU 2101 . ina lócharnaib f.¤ lassad, 2055 (but : secht míle ... oc lassad 2057 ). aithinni f.¤ derglassad, CCath. 903 . co togrennitis ... inna heonu f.¤ luamain, LU 5159 . co mbui f.¤ foluamain imma chend, LL 225aw ( TTr. 600 ). batar na Desi f.¤ fainnel as cach inud na chéli, LU 4433 . f.¤ fainiul a lluc i lluc, 249 . foendul ┐ sechrán, PH 1909 . co rabatar lestra ... in tige f.¤ snám, Trip.² 114 . co rabhadur na botha ... f.¤ snam `floating' CCath. 2347 . o ro linad ind arc ... robaí in digal f.¤ imluad SR 2510 . a mbatár ... f.¤ imluad forsna tonnaib, LU 1864 . Rí ... ro horddaig in nUan iarsin tsleib f.¤ a imluad, SR 594 ( Rev. xiv 1 ). Cf. na bi f.¤ snim th'aislinge, SR 3282 (= na tab- hi snim, LB 115b46 ; nacatabrad imsnim, BB 238a24 ). f. Cf. f.¤ othrus, f.¤ folach, BCrólige 26 ff . f.¤ longais in exile Ml. 93d3 . cia bemni f.¤ longais, LU 4861 (= f.¤ loinges riam TBC-I¹ 371 ). cach oen fil f.¤ loinges ┐ teched, PH 460 . Cf. ba hé a lín f.¤ a longais, SR 6276 . boí f.¤ merogod, LU 1642 . rabaí f.¤ merfaill ┐ merugud ic iarraid a aite, LL 220a41 ( TTr. 233 ). bith deitsiu f.¤ merogod tige oiged, LU 6757 ( BDD 27 ). f.¤ aig thaig, SR 3477 . forsin reim sin, LL 232b ( TTr. 1239 ). f.¤ comrorcain in error PH 6602 . f.¤ fírinne in the right 2671 . is fír forstā Lucifur, SR 1839 (j ?). anmanda ... bis f.¤ cennsacht ┐ pettacht `tamed and petted' CCath. 2453 . conacca dá ech f.¤ sgur unharnessed ZCP viii 106.23 . roboí F. f.¤ altram la hAni, LL 165az (= Dinds. 142 ). boí leis f.¤ cui LU 10941 (see cáe, fecht). dind riuth forsa taith, Wb. 20b6 .

connfaca na tri leogain ... f.¤ dasacht ina ndocum, Stair Erc. 389 . sccuiridh don dasacht fora taithi the madness which possesses you BNnÉ 7 § 23 .

Cf. dā fercoin ... fur an dath cētna of the same color ZCP vi 29.18 (rosg ar dath gloine guirme, GF. DDána 234 . ar chruth ┐ ar dheilbh Dé, TSh. 1329 ). With adj. f.¤ cloen inclined Thes. ii 254.19 . ni bia lamnad f.¤ cōir normal delivery ZCP viii 111.25 .

After verb of motion : docoid O. ... dochum Poil f.¤ longis `had gone to Paul into exile' Wb. 31d19 . di[a] luid D. f.¤ longais, Ml. 55c1 . tiagat f.¤ teiched, 54b12 . ar foít f.¤ techtairechta, Wb. 15a15 . téit f.¤ teched, LU 4917 ( tíagait ar teched, 4965 , both in hand of M). tigc ceo ann ... ┐ do luid an ri f.¤ merugud, BColm. 70.28 . ria ndula doib f.¤ a fecht, SR 3505 (see fecht). In : téit ina ndíaid ... f.¤ echlascad, LU 6786 ( BDD 32 ) the meaning is almost `by dint of' (cf. j). Cf. tainic ina dhochum ... f.¤ a tuitmennaigh `came ... stumbling' CCath. 2199 . ni far maid rosnuicc `it has not brought them to good' Wb. 5b3 . ní thaudchaid a brú f.¤ cóir LU 6078 . ní téighedh béim ... f.¤ dimaín `no blow was delivered in vain' CCath. 2012 .

See 1 téit, do-tét.

(l) At, engaged in (an occupation or task) : cach la sel dún f.¤ imrádud Dé, in sel aile f.¤ precept, Wb. 15d9 . f.¤ foigdi 25b11 . basa f.¤ a imcabail I was avoiding him LU 1244 . ma beith nech f.¤ a iarair if any one be inquiring about it Rawl. 70a44 . cia f.¤ a tai iarair ? whom art thou seeking ? SR 3096 ( co ndechos f.¤ iarair Etaine, LU 10644 ). frisin coais f.¤a robae som, Ml. 64a12 . ... inna ndrochgnímae f.¤sa robae, Tur. 60 . buid f.¤ tectairecht hó Isu, Wb. 13b5 .

This construction is widely extended : mí dhóibh forsin fleighsin they spent a month at that feast Marco P. 88 . go rabhattar f.¤ a bproind at their meal BNnÉ 9.10 (cf. similar use of Engl. `over'). airet batar ... f.¤ a trealmaibh diubraicti `so long as the hosts were discharging their missiles' CCath. 5662 . a mbatar ... f.¤ a mbriathraib `as they were speaking' Ériu xii 182 § 14 (= LU 10895 ). ro uhatar tra for [sna] himdigluib sin cēn romarsat `they kept up these mutual retaliations' ACL iii 2.15 .

(m) To express the dativus incommodi, the person adversely affected by the action, = in despite of, to the detriment of. (Cf. the apparently similar use of AR in : ducer airi airitech ind ríg `he let fall the king's drinking cup' Lism. L. p. 324 = Irish Texts i 10 § 32 ). cf. atbath airund, LU 593 ( ACC 14 ): fó'n missi ro briss recht ... | foirb ? or was it I that broke the law to your hurt ? SR 5533 . arna bristé fír fer f.¤ Coin C., LU 6259 . conbocht fír fer fairseom, 6239 . gabais B. ... in n-insi sea forsna cenela robátar inti, LU 1343 . atraigsetar ... L. do gabail in tiri sin forro di cach leith, LU 4390 (see gaibid). dobersa ferand duib ... la Osraige ... ┐ is cet duibsiu a forsingud foraib, 4439 . iar togail Duin S. furri, 5823 . congair ... immá tech dia gabáil f.¤ Ulto, 1506 ( MU² 1003 ). Tancatar a námait ... do gabáil tige fair, RC xiii 86 ( LL 304a17 ). luidh A. ... do irghabhail a chathrach fair, Marco P. 7 . do choll etha na hindsi sea fair to injure him by blighting the corn Dinds. 18 ( BB 360a15 ). tarraidh Hectoir baegul f.¤ Achíl, LL 244a16 ( TTr. 2029 ; see báegul). co tairsedh cach dib a mídúthracht ... f.¤ araili, CCath. 255 (see tárrachtain).

In some instances it is difficult to distinguish this use from the local meaning (I c), e.g. ro línad fair in sliab di énlaithib = graues aues fuerunt erga illum Trip.² 1300 .

Cf. also: ní tae dám i tech fort, BDD 16 . is aurgart ... corr colpdai do brisiud fair hi tig, Ériu vi 136.85 is taken in this sense by the editor (fair `in his despite' 141n .), but cf. I (e) end. In : ro foilghiusa sin ... ┐ ní fitir nech form cusaniu, RC xxvi 366 (= ní fitir nech in folach sin cusandiu LB 260a20 ) this sense seems implicit, though at first sight the ex. might seem to belong to (d).

Cf. use with 1 do-fich (togal), do-gní, fellaid (fell).

(n) expressing obligation, constraint, compulsion (see 1 fíach; do-beir) : nech forsa tabar a denum `one who is compelled to do it' Ml. 54a2 . folach f.¤ fer nad fuic `where a man who injures not has to maintain' BCrólige § 15 . aithgin fuirre i mbās in case of death she is liable for restitution Laws v 146.6 Comm.

(o) expressing worth, value (late and rare.Cf. IV a) : dá cét punt f.¤ cach n-eoch, Marco P. 9 .

(p) for phrases such as : f.¤ aird, f.¤ cel, f.¤ cúl (cúlu) f.¤ enech (inchaib), f.¤ fáesam (comairce), f.¤ son, etc., see these nouns.

(q) after adj. gov. obj. of emotion, faculty (rare) : ni pu f.¤ seotu santach, Hy v 7 ( Thes. ii 328 ). nirbat santach forsin bith | nach f.¤ innem cloen, LB 261a8 (= imman mbith, YBL 407a17 ). isam eolach sa f.¤ a muintir, Aisl. Tond. 113.2 .

III With a number of verbs in regular syntactical construction or in special expressions. It indicates the indirect (in some cases the direct) object (pers. or thing) after verbs of asking, entreating, seeking; tempting; discussing, meditating; fighting, attacking, routing, defeating, overthrowing; blessing, cursing, censuring; suing; enjoining, commanding; estimating, judging, punishing; giving, bestowing; binding, pledging; putting, placing, throwing, etc., etc. For exx. of use see especially : ad-cobra, ad-cota, ad-eirrig, ad-fét (as-indet), ad-slig, ad-suidi, aithnid (ad-noí), beirid, bris(s)id, 1 ceisid, con-dïeig, dáilid, 2 do-alla, do-beir, 1 do-cain (díchetal), do-cuirethar, do-éccai (1 dercaid, fégaid), 1 do-ella, 1 do-fich (dígal), do-gní, do-icc, do-indnaig, do-léci, do-scé(u)lai, do-sluindi (diúltad), do-soí, do-tét, do-tuit, dúnaid, feccaid, feraid (ferthain), foaid, fo-ceird, fo-coisle(a), fo-dáli, fo-luigi (see II above), for-congair, fo-ruimi, fothraicid, fúabair, fóbair, gaibid, guidid, íadaid, íarmi-foich (íarar, íarair), imm-beir, léicid, liïd, lingid (léimm), maidid, midithir (1 mes(s)), moídid, nascid (ar-naisc, fo-naisc), 2 nertaid, roínid (sroínid), saidid, 1 saigid, soïd, sreid, 1 téit, 1 tráchtaid.

Cf. IV below.

IV In Mid. Ir. MSS. sometimes misused for O.Ir. AR, especially in verbal constructions (see III) :

(a) on account of, because of, for the sake of: foracsabairsi foromsa cach maith, LU 2397 (H). císsi lóg conattaig f.¤ a eladain, LL 219a27 ( TTr. 156 ). tabuirsiu f.¤ do soīre give [it] for the sake of thy freedom Anecd. iii 30 = ar do sh., Lism. L. 190 . ni accatarsom cinnas boí ... a huachtur túas f.¤ a hairde, LU 1927 . ni f.¤ crabud léce do miltnidecht uait, acht ar omun in catha, LB 59b62 ( RC ii 388 ). in fath forar crochad Isu, PH 2877 . Cf. na huile noebnoidenu ro damatar marttra forut [ = erut] YBL 327a2 ( Ir. Lit. 34 ). combad f.¤ Martain dogneth Dia in mírbuil for M.'s sake LB 60a4 ( RC ii 388 ). dia n[d]erntasu formsa if you would do as I tell you TBC-LL¹ 1802 . ni dearnnsad fair they did not obey him Dinds. 79 (= BB 390a39 ). ni dernai E. ḟurri anisein, LL 222a6 ( TTr. 351 ). dorónadh fairsium sin, CCath. 2896 . See do-gní. ro oentuigset in ní sin f.¤ Chaillin according to C.'s advice Fen. 178.7 . ic attach in Choimded ... f.¤ animmib na ndoine on behalf of PH 6393 . ro guid M. in Coimdid forru, LB 61a5 ( RC ii 398y ).

(b) Freq. with indirect obj. of verbs of concealing, delivering, rescuing (e.g. ceilid, do-essuirg, fo-luigi, saeraid, q.v.). In : gan nert cobharta forra fein incapable of helping themselves BNnÉ 5 § 11 , FOR replaces FRI, or direct acc. (= gen. after vn.). (But cf. use of f.¤ with fortacht, and AR with the late formation foirid, fóirid) : cid ara n-anci in laech ḟorrum, LL 284a13 ( TTr. 1261 ).

(c) in some phrases : f.¤ bélaib (= ar b.) SR 4568 . f.¤ a n-inchaib, CCath. 2407.3633 . f.¤ cend, LU 5954 , 5958 (H). f.¤ cind, 5890 (H). f.¤ tús, LB 61a5 ( RC ii 396x ). FA 3 LB (= ar thús, LU 1967 ). Cf. f.¤ dus (v.l. f.¤ tus), CCath. 303 . See also under these nouns.

V ? Adverbial use of 3 s. neut.: na for aircella echdrund n-aircend 'nor in addition does it take away the definite property of another' Peritia iii 446 (Text II) .

v consuet. pres. 3 s. forb, Mon. Tall. § 3 . foridmbi, Corm. Bodl. s.v. lāith ( Corm. Y 811 ). fordobi, Corm. Y 1189 . subj. pres. 3 s. forb, Mon. Tall. § 57 . fordo-be, Laws ii 404.18 . forraib, SR 3919 ; Mon. Tall. § 7 . ? fuirb, Laws ii 332.12 (see for-ben). 3 pl. fordonrabat, Hy v 104 . past subj. 3 s. formbed (?) Ml. 23d17 . fut. 3 s. forbia, LU 10061 . Rawl. 142a49 . sec. fut. 3 s. forbiad, LU 5039 . pret. and perf. 3 s. forbái (-bui, -bae v.l.), Metr. Dinds. iii 116 . forrabái, Cáin Ad. 18 .

I Intrans.

(a) is over or remaining, is left, remains, survives: formbed a ainm ind firso that the name of this man should survive Ml. 23d17 ( Thes. i 717 . Or is this a miswriting of forsa mbed ?). a forbi ... for lortaid na muindtire whatever remains over after the community are satisfied Mon. Tall. § 3 . ... neich forbé lortid ..., § 57 . dia forraib fuidel SR 3919 (= si quid residuum fuerit Exodus xii 10 ). dollotar anair congabsat Cluichri Cliach ┐ ní fortaat (i.e. are no longer settled there) LL 190b28 (= Rawl. 155b43 ). Passing into sense is still to come , often expressing mere futurity (cf. ar-tá): is ann forbia th'esérge, BNnÉ 295 § 22 . domuinsetar go madh aca forbíadh a ionad, 296 § 30 .

(b) With prep. is on, over, dominates: forbía a ainm fa Eirinn co brath, RC vi 175y (= forbiad firu hErinn a ainm v.l., cf. II d). for-bhiadh a ainm os Erinn co brath, BB 260a12 .

II Trans. with acc.

(a) is on, is upon , of physical and more often fig. relations: in tan ... is forsail foridmbī (i.e. when the vowel is long) Corm. Bodl. s.v. lāith ( Corm. Y 811 ). barr bude fordotá [ = for-dut-tá, ZCP xvii 196 ] LU 10007 . Cf. a tir fortá Ciannachta, ZCP viii 314.16 . Here perhaps: a Brigit ... rogab do chlú fora clú | ind ríg is tú fordatá LL 50a32 ( Hail Brigit § 25 ). im choin forambi [forbi v.l.] ottrach `a hound of (i.e. on) the dunghill' Laws i 126.8 . forraib ammarthan do gnuis `misfortune take your face!' Mon. Tall. § 7 . Maire ... for-domraibhi á sén, ZCP vi 257 § 2 . cach óen beres [co]cert cert | fortraib bennacht epscoip hErc (fortbeir, fodreith, fortbaid v.l.), Mart. Tall. 124 ( LL 364 marg. inf. = AFM i 168 ). bennacht Brigte ┐ Dé | fordonrabat, Hy v 104 . (with tmesis:) fordonitge Brigte bet on us be B.'s prayers 89 . bid he mo ainm forbia in cath-sa dogres, Rawl. 142a49 . intí nothisad ar tus ind issed a ainm forbiad in mag, LL 170a28 ( Dinds. 158 ). bid amra do chenel ┐ fortabia do hainm, Anecd. iii 57.20 . is ed a hainm foridtá ZCP iii 46.6 . Mongán mac Fíachnai, ised foridmbíad, Imr. Brain § 32 . it e a n-anmanda foratait feadha ... in ogaim (= the vowels are named after them), Auraic. 244 (= fordotait 2559 ). cf. conad he a ainm sidhe fordota in berla sin which is on that language 4003 . sal ... on tsalchar fordobi in chois, Corm. Y 1189 , where the relativity is apparently expressed by an infixed pron.). cia tintud forata na psalmu? what translation is on the psalms? Hib. Min. 10.330 . cisi erndail (gnūis) fortā na psalma?, 3.61(78) . See 1 for II b. forrabae (forrubu v.l.) crith in uli talmuin the whole earth trembled Ériu ii 192 § 1 .

Cf. cach cor fordita [for-did-tá ?], O'Curry 1898 ( 23 P 3, 22d ). diam tobar techda forda mbi, O'D. 2219 ( Nero A 7, 150a ). In: forbi a sétaib, Críth G. 587 , it is perhaps intrans. with instrumental dat. but the meaning is uncertain.

(b) is incumbent on, is due from (see 1 for II n, and attá): conid aire forata anmanda [fer] nErenn ... co raib baithius ┐ comna, etc., Ériu i 219 § 5 , cf. 218 § 1 .

(c) In following passages it seems = there ensues, furthermore, also, item: fortá fortormach na cána-sa there follows an additional enactment Ériu ii 210 § 23 . fortá a forus ib. fortā forus inna cána sae ... bithcáin for clerchu, Cáin Ad. 34 . fortha forus na cānae: dia ngontar ..., 40 . Similarly ib. 39 , 41 , etc. Cf. the following passages from Laws, where it is rendered `ordained,' `is due,' O'Don. Suppl. (see R. Smith and Thurneysen ZCP xix 114 n. 7 ): fortha a forus na gontar ..., H 3.18, 303.34 ( O'Curry 628 ). foratha nach duine ro la eisce im araile .i. foratha no for a tarrastar cach duine laas eisce im araile .i. .iiii. cumala dire ó urradh ..., H 3.17, c. 629 ( O'D. 876 ). Cf. forthach nach duine ro la esce, O'Curry 2115 ( H 4.22, 79b , see ZCP xix 115 n .). fortha nad cria nech di dernaind dondaig dian cria is dire thadait aridmbia further, that none shall buy ...; if he buy it he is liable for the theft-penalty H 3.18, 188a ( O'Curry 340 ), where ar-idmbia evidently = foridmbia in use II (b) above : foratha nech dogni gufiadhnaise in fiach doscara isé fiach fil fair inn, H 3.17, 452 add. slip ( O'D. 600 ). ┐ fortha riar o cach adgarthar ┐ fortha aonollamh ... in gach crich ... ┐ fortha da bretheam la gach saoraicme ..., O'Curry 1607 ( 23 Q 6, 5a ) = forad ... forad ... forad, O'Curry 2272 ( Eg. 88, 20 ). forathá ceithre uinge a n-othrus caoicus, O'Curry 1162 ( H 3.18, 461b ). forathá nech condeiríg i ndail no a nairecht, O'Curry 1163 ( H 3.18, 462b ). In each of these two exx. the MS has merely fōr.

Cf. forath [sic] ni acair, etc., Laws iv 380.3 (untransl.). foratha airitiu oighedh, O'Dav. 68 .

(d) is over, is above, with notion of superiority; excels, dominates (cf. I b, II a) : forbíad a ainm hErind co brath LU 5039 (= forbiad a ainm ... firu Erend, TBC-I¹ 551 ). flaith foridmbi `a lord who is over him' BCrólige 59 . la ríg forbí tuatha `who is over the laity' [who is over (a number of) tuaths ?] Ériu vii 166 § 2 . hi rēr ... ardflathui forbē tuath [toathae v.l.], Anecd. iii 23.15 . forbiath do mac maccu cāich, ZCP viii 309.15 . is tu for bias do braithre ┐ do chlann forbiat a clanna co brath, Rawl. 124a44 . Cf. tri húi Duind Désa ... forbái bésa bith-gábaid `who was leader in a life of peril' Metr. Dinds. iii 116 .

n (coll. of 1 gat, = withes ?) n. l. See Hog. Onom. dollotár dar Glend nGatlaig, LU 5386 . Glas Gatlaig o sein úair ba i ngataib dobertatar a llóegu, 5387 . cath garg Gatlaig, Metr. Dinds. iii 462.36 . Gatal a gatlaig, SG. 365.31 .

adj o,ā sharp, keen ; sore, painful : iar gail gúir glicc, Ériu iv 138.1 . ba gúr dollotar Lagin | do breith for cúl in dligid, Metr. Dinds. iii 106.57 . in tráth nobenad gáeth gúr (: úr) | frissin mbile, ib. 176.129 . soised (leg. sóisit) [for cúl] for techedh ngur, Anecd. i 54 § 27 . ar urcháined ngúr ... | aingil Dé dom dín, KMMisc. 255.19 . amsaig Ailig uill ... | dot chomét co gūr, ib. 268.6 . droṅg adbul Eusébi, | cérbo gúr a slige `though sore was their slaying,' Fél. Nov. 7 . tróethsus mór ṅgúr ṅgalar, ib. Nov. 16 . rom gabhsat idhain gúra, BNnÉ 3.10 . Enoc crabuid guir (: scriptuir) E. of zealous piety, SR 2517 . gur .i. leir no calma, O'Dav. 1041. The seven gifts of the Holy Ghost : ecna, intliuct, comarle, | nert, fis, gaire gúr, | omon Fiadat `pious zeal and fear of the Lord,' ZCP v 499 § 4 . násad gúr (: dún), TFerbe 837 (cheville). Compar. alt is gúru (: cúlu), ACL iii 295 § 28 . bad duriu ba gúriu crabud `more austere, more strict, in piety,' Mart. Tall. 102.4 .

As a noun pain : gúr a cursu, unde dicitur : gur lamnatha, O'Mulc. 682.

Compd. mná re gúrlámnad `women in painful parturition,' Acall. 433.

prep. leniting follg. consonant and governing the acc. Forms: imm alaile, Wb. 27b12 . im anad, 27d19 . im Dia, 4c24 . im hirusalem, Ml. 72d8 . im chrechtu (sic leg.), 144c5 . himm chenn, Sg. 54a11 . imm ṡalond, IT i 43 § 13. um, Laws iv 226.13 , Ériu i 91.10 , PH 3855 , TSh. 2502 , etc. am, RC xviii 184.1 . ma, Ériu iv 174 § 4. mo, Leb. Gab.(i) 112.17 . uime, um fhear a chíall ┐ bha fhear ┐ ma fhear a chíall, IGT Introd. 19.2 . fa, TTebe 2767 .

In late O.Ir. and Mid.Ir. imm sometimes governs dat. in pl.: imma rusccuib, IT i 120.9 . im slessaib, SR 3742. im ailib, TBC-LL¹ 1544. um a setaib, Laws iv 226.13 . im chorpaib, PH 7022.

With art.: sg. m and f. immin bidbethid, Wb. 15c14 . immin cathraich, Ml. 48d14 . immun aírc, 83a4 . immon coin, Sc.M² § 21 j . imon imdai, BDD² 1108. amun feis, Sc.M² § 23.8 . With elision 'mun coirthi, TBC-LL¹ 1233. 'man am, ML² 94. 'mon airdrig, TTebe 3912 . n. imma n-: imma nisin, Ml. 56b31 . imma ndelg, Thes. ii 248.7 . imman tech, MU² 871. pl. imna téta, TBFr. 104.

With pron. suff.: sg. 1 immum, Sc.M² § 10. imam, ib. § 13 R . imum, PH 8161. imumm, 8163 . umam, 1800 . umum, 8160 . ummumm, 6159 . sg. 2 immut, Ml. 118c12 . PH 5047. imut, 8184 . umat, 453 . umaitsiu, TTebe 1064 . iomut, DDána 68 § 33. umad, 97 § 34 . With elision: 'mud, 64 § 1 . sg. 3 m. and n. immbi, Wb. 13d22 . imbi, Sc.M² § 3. immi, § 17 . imbe, MU² 705. immbe, PH 873. imme, MU² 716. ime, PH 3301. uime, 2753 . uimme, 509 . imi, TTebe. 1865. uime, IGT Introd. 19.2 . f. impe, Sc.M² § 5 , TBFr. 82. impi, BDD² 539. immpe, PH 7238. uimpe, 8159 . uimpi, Stair Erc. 2076. impea, 1333 . pl. 1 immunn, Wb. 15c13 . immund, TBFr. 188. immaind, TBC-LL¹ 4752. imaind, PH 7945. iomuin-ne, DDána 39 § 21. pl. 2 immib, Wb. 27b16 . imuib, PH 7855. umaibh, TSh. 6949. pl. 3 impu, Ml. 62b13 . immpu, BDD² 681. umpu, 461 . umpa, Feis Tighe Chonáin 1778. iompa, TSh. 6958. With dat.: impaib, MU² 774. TBC-LL¹ 938.

With poss.: sg. 1 imum chend, PH 1871. 'mam chend, TTebe 2928 . sg. 2 im du chenn, Thes. ii 249.1 . im do tegdais, PH 4525. immut taeb, imod thoeb, TBC-LL¹ 4073. 'mat fortacht, TTebe 3757 . sg. 3 imma chomalnad, Wb. 30b4 , imma thír, Ml. 62b9 . immo chend, BDD² 1455. ima chend, ib. 840 . uma chend, TTebe 971 . With elision : má chossa, LU 8520 (FB). pl. 1 immo ar sáorad, Mon. Tall. 127.9 . pl. 2 immó bar mbeolu, RC ix 484.17 . pl. 3 immua n-: immelotar immuan eclis `they circumambulated their church,' Thes. ii 242.15 (Ardm.). ba cendaib, PH 393.

With rel. pron.: imma n-, immo n-, immua n-: nech ... immandaister (gl. mentis incompotem), Ml. 50d2 . immuambiat, 18b4 . én immoniada sás, Thes. ii 294.27 ( SP iv ). imma rrabatar, MU² 861. With elision: aní má tudchatar, LU 9011 (FB).

For Mid. Ir. forms fa, ba=imm see under fo (prep.).

I Of place.

(a) around, about: immib di cach leith `around you on every side,' Wb. 17b19 . condarlicthe tech ... immunn di nim `that a house be let down around us from heaven,' 15c13 . bite im chrechtu (sic leg.) `which are wont to be about wounds,' 144c5 . buithe im hirusalem du assaraib, 72d8 . ara teget immin cathraich, 48d14 . in nél nobith immunaírc, 83a4 . fuslegar de imma ndelg immecúairt `it is smeared all round the thorn,' Thes. ii 248.7 . canir anisiu ... imdu chenn `this is sung about thy head,' 249.1 . (tech) udnocht coíl imbi, Críth G. 102. dodat láim immom bragit, IT i 125.6 . da malaigh ... imma rusccuib `two eyebrows about her eyes,' 120.9 . Ulaid im gnúis Conchobair, 81.10 . ro lásat tri imrothu imma chend, LU 8600 (FB). do ratad ... damdabach dona boccótib immi im(m)a c(h)ūairt an enclosing shelter of shields was put about him all round, Sc.M² § 17. niptar aigthi carat im ḟleid, § 5. (imdae) dá aurainech ... impe, TBFr. 82. tucait a trí timchúardda imman tech, MU² 871. in tech íarnaide imma rrabatar in dá thech cláraid, 861 . Benna Iuchna | imma ndessid ilar fert, Hail Brigit § 19. coro lám cor imón slúag, LU 3781 ( SCC 35 ). día mbé nech occá sirḟegad imme anair ocus aníar, 2028 . do-gní íarum foebarchles don chloidem immo chend, BDD² 1455. suidig na slúagu 'na sreith | bii impu do cach oen leith, SR 5014. tuc a da rigid mun coirthi, TBC-LL¹ 1233. talam ísaind ┐ muir immaind, 4752 . uathbas bretha impaib do thulbemmennaib, 938 . gnáth mirr do thabairt im chorpaib dóine, PH 7022. Egeptacda ... filet imon cathraig im Chirinen `circa Cyrenen,' 5384 . do denum na mur imna cethrai, 1034 . atá comrar chloche imbi and hi talmain, Imr. Brain 48.13 . cor íadsattar ... | 'mon ríg ocus 'mon rīgain `till they closed about the king and queen,' BColm. 88.23 . frisna tūatha imdatāat with the tribes around which they are, ZCP viii 315.10 . in fearann uma ndentar in t-aile, Laws iv 70.23 Comm. ro hadnaiced na geill im ḟert Ḟiachra, RC xxiv 184.18 . cuirfed-sa coimghi c[h]onaire umat, ML² 460. roibhadur an dá c[h]omdáil sin leath ar leith 'mun all, Feis Tighe Chonáin 169. na coroni ... atat 'mam chend, TTebe 2928 . ro thaoscc an muir bleidhmiola mó a fearonn, Leb. Gab.(i) 66 n 8 . do córaigsium a marcsluagh imma Cunga siar, Ann. Conn. 1230 § 3. fuair Conchubhar ┐ Cúchulainn go gcomhdháil umpa, Keat. ii 3528. do ling ... soighnéan do ghaoith ... um an dteagh, TSh. 2502. Peadar umam i ngach aird `may Peter defend me,' DDána 38 § 32. a throigh im thairnge bhfuar | ... | dearna an Choimdheadh im chló ngéar, Dán Dé xxvi 6.

In a special sense, of the meeting of lines of descent in a person: ní ḟuil do thaobh Chuirc nó Chuinn | umad, a Aodh Í Dhomhnuill | fuil ríogh lér dhligheabhair dol `there is no noble connection whom thou owest to resemble,' TD 3 § 54. atáid uime ... ocht nglúine déug uaisle fithcheid ... ó Aodh go Niall Naoighiallach, TD ii 208 y . Turcuill, Íomhair, agus Amhláoimh | iomad, a laoich Locha Riach `belonging to your family,' SGS iv 66 § 28. da nairfinn an ttainig uime dúaslibh Ghaoidheal `were I to ennumerate all those connected with him of the nobles of the Gael,' Rel. Celt. ii 208.27 . do b'airrdheana dísle dhí | ón dá thaobh táinig uimpe, DDána 7 § 37. ríoghradh Éireann | umut ... | go Conn na gcuan | is an drong uadh go hÉireamhón, 114 § 27. In follg. exx. the sense has been transferred to the presence of the blood of one ancestor in a person: Duach mhac Briain do bheith umad, Aithd. D. 41 § 25. ní fhuil d'urradh ná d'airdrígh | d' fhine Chuinn dá gcuir leis-sean | gan tuinn dá fhuil uimei-sean, DDána 82 § 38.

(b) Of clothes considered as encircling the body, around, about, on: criss fírinne immib, Wb. 22d16 . snáthe nobíth himm chenn na sacardd, Sg. 54a11 . co n-étaigib ... impaib, MU² 774. do-bertatar étach ríg dó imbi, BDD² 158. cassla derga ... impu co lár, LU 2199. arit odor immi, 8520 (FB). asso argait imm a cosa, Anecd. i 61 § 90. bec in n-étach-sin immpu, PH 8195. do-chuir tú feoil ┐ lethar mar étach umam, 7457 . a lamanda ... ima lamaib, TTebe 2504 . cionnas tháinic tusa asteach ann so gan édach bainnse umad, Matthew xxii 12. éadaighe úra éadtroma do chur iompa, TSh. 6958. With gaibid puts on: gaibid immib a n-etach macc cóimsa, Wb. 27b16 . lasse gabas immbi, 13d22 . gebid Cú Chulainn a threlam gaiscid immi, MU² 52. gabais Fráech immi cona muntir, TBFr. 352. gab etach ... umat, PH 453. do gab a dhā lāmhaind ... im a lāmhuibh, 1475 . Fig. gabhaidh nua-dhuine umaibh, TSh. 6949. ? To this: ecmaing nís ragbusa immum it happened that I had not taken it (i.e. a ring) about me, TBFr. 335.

(c) more definitely, at, by, along: conaccatar Coinculainn immon corthe `they saw Cú Chulainn at the pillar-stone,' RC iii 182.y . do thuit ma dhoras an gharrdha, Rel. Celt. ii 188.12 . mórchoínd[e] la Toirrdelbach ┐ la Tigernan im Sinaind `a great meeting held by T. and T. at the Shannon,' RC xviii 169.19 . docum na léna boi im bord na habund, RC vi 176.61 . trí meic Tuireann ... | tuitsead im Chnuc mac Miodhchaoin, DDána 64 § 27. a chnuic thoir re taoibh Ealla | ... | giodh 'mud bhruach do hoileadh inn, 64 § 1.

(d) along with, including: coiri cona lánlestrai thige airech im dabaig including a vat, Críth G. 339. humalestrai im chaire, 405 . ro gadatar na huili dúile aicsidi ┐ nemaicsidi imna dá apstal déac, Trip.² 1368. corothroiscset maithe fer nErenn im mac nÓida Sláne ┐ im Fechine Fabair ... ┐ im sochaide archena so that the nobles of the men of Ireland including the son of Aed Slane, etc. fasted, Thes. ii 298.13 . ō thucus-[s]a trī laíchcenn ūait im chenn do chétmeic, Sc.M² § 12. dobretha Findabair ┐ cóeca ingen impi hi tech Con Culaind, LU 8837 (FB). Illand im[ma thūaith `with his tribe,' Hail Brigit § 22. co tísat im gaire | im Maire is im Michéol `together with Mary and Michael,' Ériu i 226 § 4. sē dēsa do imforcra | imum-sa fadēin `six pairs besides myself,' 39 § 7 . secht mna decc ruccus im Ceassair `including C.' (the context shows that there were sixteen others besides C.), Leb. Gab.(i) 12.18 . ro triall sechnóin Eireann ... ┐ a bheirt espoc uime `and his two bishops with him,' 86.25 . cella locha Eirne n-uile im chluain Eoais ┐ Daiminis, AU i 338.18 . secht righ Cruithne im Aed m-brec `including Aedh Brec,' 58.9 . aca innisi dho a mhēt do righuibh doghab righi Mhuman uime `in addition to him,' Caithr. CC 31 § 50 . is dá loch um loch nEachach ` besides ,' Content. iv § 30 . aitchim an dá dheagh-fháidh dhéag ... im Aindrias im Eóin nglan-ógh including, Dán Dé xxv 50 - 51 .

(e) After vbs. of motion, to, into, through, throughout (cf. fo): tangamur man caillidh-so `we came to this wood,' ZCP vi 65.14 . docuadhus man coillidh cetna gut' iaraid, 66.22 . dollotar na slúaig ... im ailib ┐ im airtraigib críchi Conaille, TBC-LL¹ 1544. docuadar in .l. ele as dibh man caillidh `the other fifty fled away throughout the wood,' Stair Erc. 2350.

(f) Of impact, collision (more usually fri), against, on: dolleici a cend immon cloich co n-derna brúrig dia cind, IT i 82.2 co n-ecmaing a tul immon n-all combo marb de, LU 8934 (FB). atraig súas īarsin contarlaic imma scín co m-búi triana druim suas, RC xiii 391.8 . commad im claideb dodoléced con n-abbad, RC xvi 414.27 . tuc béim de immun corthe, TBC-LL¹ 1027. do léig Tómas an buille sin um lár agas um lántalamh, PCT 561.

II Of time. Of the approximate time of an occurrence, at, about: atconnarc ... aislingi immón samain innuraid `at Samuin last year,' LU 3331 (SC). macc Murchada ... do écc im ḟēil catrach fīona `on the feast of Catherine', ZCP viii 111.7 . cath iter Delbna ┐ Uu Maine im ḟéil Ciarain, RC xvii 377.21 . ní do denam dó im teirt `he has to do some duty at tierce,' Mon. Tall. 145.9 . cantir salm aurnaigti ... im espartan, 131.9 . im iarmergi indnocht `at nocturns to-night,' BColm. 68.14 . iomdha um nóin seabhac is sodh, Aithd. D. 5 § 13. um thráth nóna, TSh. 3800. im an uair sin, Études Celt. i 85.28 . budh lór d'adhḟuath mun n-amsa, TD 4 § 32.

III In abstract sense, concerning, as regards, in the matter of, on account of, for the sake of: immin bidbethid, Wb. 15c14 . im dethidnea saeculi , 16b11 . im cech rét runecat les `in respect of everything that they need,' Ml. 57b4 . aní imradam-ni impu som di ulc `what evil we are meditating concerning them,' 93a5 . robói dosom imma thír `that he had for his land' (gl. magnitudinem desiderii), 62b9 . luid Sechnall iar tain du chuúrsagad Pátricc im charpat boie lais, Thes. ii 242.11 (Ardm). (mucc) tri neim ... no-bíata co-ralta ár fer n-Ērenn impe so that the slaughter of the men of Ireland would come about on account of it, Sc.M² § 5. Derdriu a hainm ocus biaid olc impe, IT i 69.24 . nach airm inda tochrathar im imṡéna `wherever they happen to be concerned about a conflict of evidence,' Críth G. 418. dul tria aitiri im ní dichuat fuiri `violating his suretyship in regard to a matter for which he is surety,' 306 . as í sin maigin digona in boaire um a setaib `this is the inviolable precinct of the boaire chief respecting his seds,' 226.13 . Aimirgen ... ruc in chétbreith im Themair, Ériu iv 136.20 . mād imdherccad dagmnā im drūis no im sēna a clainne, Cáin Ad. § 51. is í dias as dech fil i nÉrinn im les a tigerna `about attending to the needs of their lord,' BDD² 1220. bentai Cuc[h]ulaind cona claideb ... co torchair a ētach ṅde ┐ nī forbai imo chnes did not wound him as to his skin, TBC-I¹ 1203. nemchomaitecht doib im caomclód praindi `not to indulge them with a change of diet,' Mon. Tall. 152.25 . do demniugud a n-irse imon esergi, PH 6686. ticfat aidhedha uaisle sunn aníu ┐ frithailid iat im biadh ┐ im fotraccadh, BNnÉ 18 § 36. ro croch tríchait im óenboin, ACL iii 304 § 3. is faillítheach bhíd na daoine ... um fhóirithin ar na marbhaibh, TSh. 5021. iongnadh eagla ar an anmain | ma dhul as an ndrochadhbhaidh, Aithd. D. 80 § 40. is ar tí cumainn chairte | do bhí umainn adhlaicthe `He lay buried for our sake,' Dán Dé xxi 24. bac ar ghriangha um theachta as-teagh `a barrier to keep out the sunlight,' Studies 1920, 262 § 9 . do bhí an fhearthain iomuin-ne for our sake, DDána 39 § 21. do airg teagduis apstolicda San Sem ... uma leabhraibh `plundered of its books,' ITS xix 112.19 .

With the idea of purpose, with a view to: altram Néill im chomga cnes `the fostering of Niall to save his life,' Ériu iv 94.8 . fermaidni nemeli fri rig nime ... immo ar sáorad `we pour forth lamentation ... to gain our deliverance,' Mon. Tall. 127.9 . ar chaínbésaib im chóemchostud na fledi `as regards the fair arrangement of the feast,' MU² 211. ro coraidhid iarum ... cách ... im chosdud na fledhi `to celebrate the feast,' Ériu v 234.36 . ordughadh an ríogh leis um ginleirecht na harmaraile do bheth aige, Rel. Celt. ii 178.17 . an t-augdarrāss ro buī aigi ... um thoigheacht, Fl. Earls 258.16 .

In rel. construction with vb. about which, on account of which, concerning which: atfíadat ... do Úath aní má tudchatar día saigthin, LU 9011 (FB). cia fāth maradgoired isin pupullsa?, TBC-I¹ 2223. in fáth ima nderna peccad, PH 6456. cid ma ragad Condere `why should C. go,' Ériu i 114 § 3. cid imma ngabthar trebad, ZCP viii 112.22 . créd ma tucsabair orm faistine duib, TTebe 1316 . cidh um a faicim marbh thu? cidh um nach faghaim bas leat?, ITS xix 96.13 . ceadh 'ma badh ionpháirte inn, DDána 101 § 20.

As pred. of copula: is ime aderar Glenn na mBodar ris, Comp. CC 86.2 . is uimme tuc Dia chucam thu, PH 509. is uime ro ordaigh Ercuil in cathair sin do dhenum, Stair Erc. 1628. is uime cheana rug Dia an daoir-bhreath so ar na daoinibh, TSh. 4.

With certain vbs. and vns.

(i) Of praying, entreating, asking: amal rotgádsa im anad in ephis, Wb. 27d19 . annongeiss cách imma chomalnad, 30b4 . amail tānigc Crīst co Martan dia fagh[d]e ima brat, BColm. 60.7 . ro-guidius he ima throcaire, PH 2786. ro-n-aitchiset im thomailt na fheoland, 6547 . ailthus Eogan imm essomon E. asks them for a truce, ZCP viii 313.5 . do guidh í ... um creidim na hEclusa do comét, RC xix 378 § 255. rosgáid Ái ... im dilsi in maige sin do ┐ 'moa ainm fair, RC xv 469 § 69. an Trīnōit nemda do atach ┐ do etorguide ... um aon tuismedh amhāin cloinni dfagāil dó, Fl. Earls 222.18 .

(ii) Of fasting for : corothroiscset ... im húatigud na ndoine `they fasted ... to get the population reduced,' Thes. ii 298.16 . rotheiscset (rotroiscsit v.l.) imbi fri Dia, Mon. Tall. 157.18 . trosgcis Mocholmógc impu fair `M. fasted against him for it,' BColm. 92.13 . rofágaib Colmán troscud umpi seo `C. left [as an ordinance] that they should fast for it,' 88.13 . rothroiscset na Cristaide fria Dia ... im a fhurtacht, PH 7259. tredan tri laa co n-aidchi for in gCuimdid imo thodūscud dūib to fast for three days and nights to the Lord to have him awakened for you, ACL iii 3.30 .

(iii) Of granting, bestowing: ron-íurusa im chét mbó bódána, BDD² 267. ronír Brigit immon flaith, ZCP xi 109 § 17.

(iv) Of refusing, denying: coru díultai fri Pátraic imma fleid he refused to invite P. to his feast, Trip.² 2180. noco sénaim-si umat-sa sin, PH 3157. as iad ... nár ér mh'occlach ... im brat no im biadh, BNnÉ 266 § 234. nocot-érfaind imm óenní `I would not refuse thee aught,' Ériu iv 98.4 . eitchither iat im na mnáib `the women are refused them,' Metr. Dinds. iii 324.15 . ar sena féin imm ar n-deilb we ourselves being repudiated on account of our appearance, Mer. Uil. 9. gan duine d'éaradh um shéad ná um biadh, Keat. ii 5183. ro diult Ercuil iat uime sin, Stair Erc. 1876.

(v) Of wronging, violating: sarugad amais um a comairce `the violating of the protection of his hired soldier,' Laws iv 230.17 . mo ṡargud immontí thanic for m'óisam, TBC-LL¹ 1911. a cinaidh sáraigt[h]i Colmāin imon cimidh, BColm. 72.9 . is e in duine-si ro-t-saraig um Lazáir `it is he who robbed thee of Lazarus,' PH 3855. dorūacht cuca in chaillech ... roṡāraigh Bresal 'ma boin, ZCP vii 306.9 .

(vi) Of striving, urging, inciting, compelling: ní etaigthersu imma nisin `thou shalt not be emulous concerning it,' Ml. 56b31 . boí in t-imcosnam cetna beius imón curadmir, LU 9035 (FB). bai didu imchosnum ... im forba Echach eter a coic macaib, RC xxiv 176.6 . gabais cách díb immarbáig a mmuin a céli im gabáil na n-én, LU 3245 (SC). cipe do-s-gní imresain im edpart dona deeb, PH 1116. ro-chomecnigestar lucht na cathrach im chomalliud timnai `he forced the citizens to obey a law,' 6531 . nach greisfider im dénum maithiusa, 4657 . ro ghreis Cirion a muindter im calma do denum, Stair Erc. 1573. comraicfit im óenbargin, Ériu i 132.64 . ro grendaig im cath hé `he challenged him to battle,' RC xviii 48.7 .

(vii) Of mocking, laughing at: tibit in macrad im sodain, LU 8845 (FB). ac fonamat imme `making mockery of him,' BColm. 92.15 . fáitbis tra in máthair imon córaid crodai, PH 6626. dorónsat fochuitbiud immun fadesin ┐ fo Troiánaib, TTr.² 304. do maidh a gean gáire for Coin Chulainn uime sin, Comp. CC 110.19 . lúathgair do chor immum-sa `to make rejoicing for me,' Ériu iv 128.17 .

(viii) Of teaching, instructing: ro-forcan Ísu a apstalu imna rúnib diadai, PH 3419. tanic do fhorcetul na n-apstal ima n-il-berlaib, 5446 . co forcanad hé im ord airnaigthi, ACL iii 10 § 8.

(ix) Of judging: fo-gella ... imm appeals to the judgment in the matter of: bertair do Themair ┐ fogellsat in ríg imbi, BDD² 212. fugeallsat immiu, ZCP vii 305.17 .

In distrib. sense with numbers, for equivalent of to in the Eng. idiom two to one: es da mnae im cech oen fer `two wives to every one man,' Todd Lect. iii 26.10 . ticc días im gach n-aoinḟer úaind, ZCP viii 219 § 18. tricha míle marcach in cech cath dibh ┐ di troighthech um cech marcach, Marco P. § 55.

Used with obj. after words expressing (a) emotion, feeling, (b) behaviour towards.

After words expressive

(i) Of desire, greed, jealousy, envy: mét inná imlainne robói dosom im Dia `strong craving (?) he had for God,' Ml. 62a2 . ar accubur ┐ saint immin domun, 69a6 . ar ét im chrabud `for zeal for devotion,' 36d24 . gabais ... saint an rí impi `the king desired her,' IT i 120.13 . ro gab mian ... imm ṡalond, 43.13 . rom-gab imtholta im erscéluib Tāno do ḟaisnēis dam, ACL iii 3.18 . is cora frichnam immpe na fa anóir na colla, PH 7409. mor menmai ... imma curadmir `great is the eagerness for the champion's portion,' RC xiii 30.35 . rogab ailges ┐ accobur in righ ma fegad int soitig noemtha, D IV 2, 72va 8 . is é Ulcan tre ét umait-siu tuc forru cach col da ndernatis, TTebe 1064 . nocha denaim-se ... fich na formad um airdchendus na Greigi, 834 .

(ii) Of anger and its opposite towards: fích 'mon oirbiri d'aithris `fury at repeating the taunt,' Ériu iv 214 § 8. ocus in aininne mor bis ag neach im a cheli `the great anger which a man has towards his fellow,' v 24.14 . ba lonn ... in ingen imon sgel sin, RC vi 174.18 . cé dogénsam ainmne uime `though we were patient about it,' ACL iii 295 § 22. ba hainmnetach imma chommiledaib, RC ii 388 § 11.

(iii) Of affection and its opposite towards: nípat úarchraidech im chardiu | bat gusmar im naimtiu `be not cold-hearted towards friends, be stern towards enemies,' LU 3493 (SC). co raibhi ic báidhe imme `till he was fondling him,' Moling § 39. ba bádhach (bághach MS.) side im Laighniph `he was fond of the Leinsterman,' § 58 . ar méd a gradha ┐ a deithite uime `by reason of the great love and care he had for him,' BNnÉ 291 § 6. do beith gradach uman creidim cathoilica, RC xix 374 § 247. báidh im congnam re céile affection in the matter of mutual succour, O'Gr. Cat. 354.24. níptor córaigh mo a forba `they were not at peace about their possessions,' Leb. Gab.(i) 112.17 . nirbho sainsearcach im ó nDomhnoill, Hugh Roe 136.13 . mioscais uí Chonchobair im cenél cConoill, ib. 14 . mise go ndíoghrais uimpi | 's gan í go suilbhir umainn, Dánta Gr. 58.3 . minic nach buan críoch a cumainn | ní fríoth achd fuar umainn í, DDána 36 § 4. na bi-si súarach uime `be not ungracious to him,' Stair Erc. 2073.

(iv) Of fear, anxiety, sorrow for: ba leth ndogra immon coin, Sc.M² § 21j . mairg dorumalt a n-imned dorumaltsa custrathsa imma curadmir, LU 9133 (FB). bui sechran adbul ┐ buaidred ... accu ... imme-sin, PH 12. do gab ag tuirsi uime, ML² 293. ar bhfagail leoin ima righuibh, Lism. L. 3207.

(v) Of mercy: ba trocar im na hulib dóinib, PH 1662. déana truaighe umam, TSh. 4219.

IV In special constructions.

(a) Used idiomatically with the subst. vb.: tá ... imm is engaged in, concerned in, in doubt about: cid nombetha im etarceirt a messa im Dia `on what account shouldst thou be about disputing his judgment with God,' Wb. 4c24 . in ceist immá tú, LU 9208 (FB). cía thíastaís formna laech nErend uile is duitsiu dobérmaís remib aní imo mbethe, LU 8814 (FB). cotaispentar dó cach ní immbambí `everything about which he is engaged' Corm. 25 (s.v. imbas forosnai). baoi seom fechtus ann im aine `he was once engaged in fasting,' Ériu iv 120.12 . cid dochanus beith imme what avails it to be discussing it?, PH 5253. co fhoillsiged Dia doib in ní ima rabutar, 7189 .

(b) Used of person adversely affected by action (=dat. of disadvantage) more commonly expressed by ar: rebthair a étach immi, LU 8877 (FB). do lott a aithrige impe, Todd Lect. iii 66.3 . as mor domhillis umainn `you have spoilt much on us,' Ériu v 172.154 . intí romill immum in estrecht truagh `he that marred for me the poor pet,' Moling § 74. malartfaid do rígi ┐ do fhlaithus umat, PH 1390. co ro melachtnaigem ┐ co robuaidrem ┐ co rasgaoilem a dtengta impo, Auraic. 2431. conremesc (conromesc, v.l.) impu `he confused them,' 145 . coillsit tuatha D.D. ith ┐ blicht im maca Miled, D IV 2, 50rb31 . ro mharbh se mac maith umum `he slew a good son on me,' Caithr. CC 38 § 63 .

(c) In impers. const. with vbs. expressing violent uncontrolled action to indicate person affected by the action: nech lasnabi ciall ┐ immandaister gl. mentis incompotem, Ml. 50d2 . ro riastrad immi, LU 8397 (FB). día siabairther immi, 8810 (FB). do luath-lonnaigh im Conall triasa haithesgu sin, ZCP xiv 258.17 . Ercuil ... ro daisedh imbe, Stair Erc. 353.

(d) With vbs. in pass. impers. to express person affected by the action: ēgthir immum, Sc.M² § 10 (for other exx. of this const. see s.v. éigid RIA Dict. Fasc.II). ro gáiredh umpa, ML² 1677 . imdeargthar im Mhaol Mhuire, DDána 102 § 27.

V Used idiomatically with certain vbs., buailid ... imm meets: da mbúailtidhe impodh a ttermann Tighernaigh iad, Ériu v 74.23 . con-gaib ... imm keeps to, perseveres in: anni as a ttarabhairsi bladh ... congmaidh uime an gein mhairfidhe, RC xxix 112 § 8.

gaibid ... imm.

(i) puts on clothes , see supra I (f).

(ii) surrounds, troops around: cid immi gabtais Ulaid uile, TBC-LL¹ 120. coro gabsat immut uli, IT iii 498 § 10. gabsat im Dauid in slóg 'the multitude trooped round David' Ériu xx 120 § 3 .

(iii) seizes, attacks: in días do gabáil immón n-óenfer, LU 8206 (FB). roghab in cerd in liathroit ... táinic in fer rosbuail ina diaidh; rogab in cerd uimpi, ZCP iv 240.10 .

ligid ... imm lies with: nolaigdis dá ingin ... immi cach n-aidchi, Fél. 40.16 . in mál maith 'ma laigdis mná, 54.2 . luigid ... imm swears by: luicchim-se um na duilib, Ériu iv 50.2 . tócbaid ... imm (with or without inf. pron.) rises: rothógaibh Suibhne uimi lasodhain `thereupon S. arose,' BS 114 § 57 . rostógaibh-siumh uime rempa tar gach muine, 124 § 64. tairmescaid x imm y prevents or hinders y from doing x: do thoirméscad umat fógnum do Dia, PH 7718. nir thoirmisg Fer D. sin iompasan F.D. did not prevent them from that, ZCP x 291.22 . no tairmisccedh impo daesccur-sluag ... do marbadh `he forbade them to kill the rabble,' CCath. 5994. no co fileat ic tairmisc na sligeadh coitcindi umunn `they are forbidding us the common roads,' 1270 . gur thoirmesc Ercuil impu é, Stair Erc. 2017. do focair fir n-aignaid ocus screbtra impe `for the truth of nature and scripture forbids her,' Laws v 430.24 . gan a fhulang dot chomarsain no dot chompanach drúis do denum da fhétair a bascad immpu, PH 7451. do-beir bréic (or another word of similar meaning) imm deceives, deludes: na taibred cách uáib bréic imm alaile, Wb. 27b12 . dobertha bréc im nach meraige, LU 8806 (FB). cerbo mór trá a mmuinbech dorat im Loegaire dorat a da cutrummai im Conall Cernach, 8141 (FB). co tartaitis ceilc immon slóg, TBC-I¹ 1462. inní dobeir bré[i]c umpo `the thing which deludes them,' CCath. 1689. is imaind féin doberum bréicc and-sin we deceive ourselves, PH 7945. dorad-sen brēg impe `practised guile upon her,' RC xv 437 § 45. diberthor muinbech im Fergus occum-sa `F. shall be cajoled by me,' RC xxi 316 § 38. doberthar tra múin impu co fessamar ... `let a trick be played on them,' RC xiii 444 § 24.