n o, m. n
s.
fer,
Sg. 190b3
,
Wb. 10b23
,
11c17
,
22c9
.
fear,
IGT,
Introd. § 151
. v
s.
fir,
Wb. 10a10
. a
s.
fer,
9d16
;
31
.
10a3
;
9
.
fear,
IGT, Introd. § 75
. g
s.
fir,
Wb. 13a12
.
LU 3453
.
7085
IGT, Decl. § 65
. d
s.
fiur,
Wb. 3c8
.
10b22
.
22c9
.
Ml. 34d6
.
Sg. 66a6
. (in MSS of the Mid. Ir. period often spelt fir:
LU 8722
.
Hib. Min. 14.472
.
PH pass.
IGT. Decl. § 65
.
Early Mod.
fior,
IGT, Introd. § 73
.
§81
.
Keat. iii 2535
.
TSh.
pass.
) n
p.
fir,
Wb. 22c10
.
IGT, Decl. § 65
. a
p.
firu,
Sg. 28a6
.
LU 7529
.
fira,
YBL 123ay
.
IGT, Decl. § 65
.
fiora,
IGT,
Introd. § 78
,
§ 151
.
BNnÉ 104.36
.
TSh. 7248
. g
p. fer
LU 7084
. d
p.
feraib,
Wb. 12d40
.
LU 7524
.
fearaib,
IGT,
Decl. § 65
. (feir n
s.
Wb. 13a6
, a
s.
13a20
, g
p.
22c10
is merely
an odd spelling).
(a) a man (as opp. to a woman): gl.
mas
Sg. 156b3
; gl. vir
Ir. Gl. 395
.
f.¤ a uiro
,
O'Mulc. 519
.
is e in duine cómlan in f.¤ ┐ in ben,
PH 5720
.
corp na mna
no in fhir,
7425
.
eter fhir ┐ mnai,
564
. iter mnai ┐ firu
2796
.
bása mac la maccu; ba fer la firu,
LU 9336
. in
n-uair ropo thressiu flaith firu
when ale proved stronger than
men (acc. for dat.)
LL 173a29
(
CRR 13
). dorochair coíca
láech lais ┐ dorochair f.¤ cach ḟir dia muntir a man for each
man (i.e. the same number)
TFerbe 675
. regaid f.¤ dar f.¤
ScM. § 15
. edhbrais é féin, fioru, macca, mna do Dhia
BNnÉ 292.33
.
notmuirfider fein feraib macaib mnaibh,
Ériu v 154. 133
. cu ro aīnitis uile feraib maccaib mnaib
PH 6309
. Used of Deity:
F.¤ cotnic brath,
MacCarthy 24.16
.
don fhir do cum neam ┐ talma[i]n,
ZCP vi 87.15
.
a Fhir
na ndúl,
Dán Dé xxix 30
.
Often taking the place of a pronoun: faith cach f.¤ dinaib
feraib hí siu each of these men was a prophet
Wb. 12d40
.
etarcertar oinfer in chrudsin (gl. unus interpretatur)
13a6
.
is f.¤ a ddiis one out of two (explaining Lat. uter)
Sg. 75b7
.
gabaid cach f.¤ díb rind a claidib ...,
LU 7089
. da brathair
... f.¤ díb for Temraig ┐ f.¤ for Lagnib one of them ... the other
TBC-LL¹ 50
. f.¤ is deichnemor diop eleven of them
Fl. Earls 96.24
.
ocht rígh 's ceithre fichid fear eighty-eight kings
TD 7.49
.
(b)
a husband (opp. to ben `wife'): a f.¤ dligid her lawful
husband
Wb. 3c7
.
do fiur indligid,
3c8
. mad co techt di co
fer `if it comes to her going to a husband'
9d32
.
dorat
Hiruath grád di, intan ba beo a f.¤ fen,
PH 832
. tuccastair
a mac fein cuíce d'fir as husband
MacCarthy 288.22
.
aoighe
mná nach mair a fear,
TD 11.32
. Possibly in this sense in
poetry folld. by gen. of place-name in addressing a chief e.g.
a ḟir Eithne,
TD 1.45
(see note), but cf. end of (c).
(c) freq.
folld. by a gen. of definition or description: Find f.¤ Umaill
(= Umall's son)
Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 14.8
(cf.
Aenfer Aife,
Ériu i 124
). co f.¤ ṅDe the man of God
PH 1363
. fir nime
┐ soscela Crist (i.e.
churchmen
)
Laws iv 210.7
.
f.¤ fine a
tribesman, relative
(within a certain degree)
ii 282.7
. f.¤
fiadhnaisi rígh one entitled to be in the king's presence
Acall.
2362
. f.¤ gualann righ one entitled to sit beside the king
2361
.
f.¤ leptha ríg a king's bedfellow
7752
. f.¤ lethlamha rígh
(expl. of patric = patricius),
CCath. 63
. f.¤ lāime `perpetrator' (operator)
Laws i 244.1 Comm.
With abstr.
noun:
is tú f.¤ aurbága fil la Ultu,
LU 8147
(
FB 11
). f.¤
comtha a companion
PH 2630
. v
s.
a fir chumtha,
KMMisc. 242
. rem fear cadaigh ┐ cumainn my confederate
and comrade
TBC-LL¹ 3115
St. f.¤ comlainn cet a match for a
hundred
3883
St. f.¤ in braith the traitor
PH 5131
. f.¤
éicne a man of violence
7600
. f.¤ na sáinnte the covetous
man
7727
. Esp. to denote an occupation or calling (often in
stereotyped phrases, the pl. being formed by áes or lucht):
f.¤ tige sáet [ = sét] (gl. arcarius)
Wb. 7c9
. fear aire a watchman
Kirk s. fīs (
Eg. Gl. 299
). f.¤ altrama a fosterer
, see
Laws ii
184.14
. f.¤ bleithe
miller (?); grinder (?):
saer ┐ fer bleithi ┐ fer muilind,
CIH i 287.2
. fear bratuighe a standard-bearer
AFM vi 2272.4
.
Isaiah x 18
. f.¤ baile
visionary:
ba síd fir buile,
Celtica xix 40 § 1
. f.¤ cerdda a craftsman
RC xxvi 44.2
. f.¤ dána
a poet
CRR 30
. fear dlighidh
lawyer
Titus iii 13
. f.¤ eclasa
churchman
Laws v 132.4
. f.¤ fiadaig
a hunter
Fianaig. 56.31
.
f.¤ fognama
serving-man
Laws ii 390z
. f.¤ forcsi
spy
LU 5404
.
fear friotuil, mînighte `an Interpreter
' Kirk (
Eg. Gl. 278
).
f.¤ grād a man in orders
Laws v 132.4
. f.¤ inaid a deputy;
d'fior ionaid a bprionnsa,
AFM vi 2116.16
. f.¤ léighinn a
professor
, one of the six officers of a monastery
ZCP iv 234
.
coibnius hi fer léighinn ib. `
lector
'
AU 1034
,
1040
,
1042
,
etc. f¤ muilinn
miller:
saer ┐ fer bleithi ┐ fer muilind,
CIH i 287.2
. f.¤ uird rainne
dispenser, butler
TBC-LL¹ 134
. f.¤ spirdo (spirto ?)
diviner
(
ZCP xxvii 65
):
imaicci fer spirdo laim Chuirc,
Anecd. iii 57.17
. f.¤ suic
ploughman
Laws i 194.26
. f.¤ suirge a lover
RC xxxii 134
. fer
tecuisc a teacher
, one of the six officers of a monastery
ZCP
iv 234
. f.¤ tige a husbandman, house-holder: fear tighe
(synon. with túathannach), Kirk s.v. criadhaire (
Eg. Gl.
111
). fear an tighe
host
TD 12.8
. is cóir dona fearaib
tighe ... a mbeangáin do scathadh
husbandmen
Corp. Astron.
46.20
. f.¤ tíre a landowner
:
dotét fer tíre co fíadnaib lais ... for tí inna mbech 'the owner of the land comes in pursuit of the bees accompanied by witnesses',
Bechbretha 189 (e)
. Folld. by vn. phrase: f.¤ brithe lésboiri a candle-bearer, acolyte
Wb. 25d3
. f.¤ dénma bairgine (gl. pistor)
Sg. 184b3
. do fir fert[h]ana na cneidhe the inflicter of the
wound
Laws iii 368.5
. fear a furtochta her deliverer
TD
1.39
. fear tabhartha an dlighe
lawgiver
Numbers xxi 18
.
In sense of
owner, possessor:
ig fir in craind ... ig fir na
mbeach,
Laws iv 188 Comm.
Cf.
Fer baile na gcerd .i.
Maoilre Búrc; Fer baile úi Bharra .i. Séfrún,
Caithr. Thoirdh. i 161
.
(d) in pl. folld. by gen. of place, inhabitants:
fir betho,
Ml. 16c5
. di feraib Herend nach di feraib betha
BDD 94
.
rí fer Fáil,
LU 2811
.
tar cenn fer in betha,
Fél.
Ep. 414
.
fir domain,
PH 1074
.
fir in airthair ... fir in tuaiscirt,
5381
. f.¤ in tside men of the sídhe, elves
BDD 3
.
fir
hÉrenn,
Hy ii 52
, cf.
TBC-LL¹ 499
;
659
. cethra fer nAlban
IT i 74.2
.
la firu Herend fri firu Alban,
BDD 106
. fir Ulad
IT i 138.1
.
fir Saxan,
TD 16.2
. Commonly used to form
tribal names (often applied to territory as well as people,
the word fir being inflected), e.g. Fir Bolg, Fir Domnand.
Fir Galeoin, Fir Manach, etc.; Fir Ól n-écmacht
. See
Hog. Onom. s.v. Fir; Rawl. Index.
(e) transf. of things
or animals; f.¤ fidchilli
chessman
LU 9073
(
FB 82
). cindas
gontar ind fir ?
how are the men taken ? (at chess)
Ériu
v 32.19
. Of a drinking-horn:
f.¤ uaine, corn do bhí ac Finn
... f.¤ tuillidh corn Glais,
Acall. 151
;
154
. Of a bird:
f.¤
fann ... focain aird ucht,
RC v 202.10
.
rinn binn buide fir duib druin,
Murphy Lyrics 6 § 6
.
céola fer mbrundederg forglan,
Ériu xxii 51
,
cf. Murphy Lyrics 16 § 24
.
ecal fer | fann fet,
Ériu xxii 43 § 14
. Of a fish: cend fir
tuinde (glossed caput piscis)
Hib. Min. 47.19
. Cf. fer tuinn[e]
.i. brattan a salmon
O'Dav. 1014
. Exceptionally of animals to denote sex:
ar geig on fir torrach
in banēn,
Hy Maine 103 vb24
. bainéan ... ┐ dias ḟear a hen-bird and two cocks
TD 15.26
. In the name of a bird
, see eiden(n). Humorously applied to
butter, ib.
37.6
.
(f) in gramm., person: cētfear illda
sumus .i. atamait first person plural
Auraic. 307
=
ceudpersa,
2675
.
(g) With follg. gen. or adj., forming n.pr.
e.g. Fer báeth:
LU 6024
.
i ndegaid Fir Baíth,
6025
. voc.
a Fir Baith,
6023
. As name of a horse,
Acall. 271
. F.¤ bend
(`man of horns' ? See
Heldensage 94
), gen.
Fir bend,
TBC-LL¹
2149
.
2164
. F. caille (`man of the forest,' cf. Lat. Sylvanus, Silvaticus)
BDD 39
. voc.
a Fir chaille,
110
.
¤cetharraid: gen.
Fir cetharraid,
Rawl. 144a30
,
162d44
. F.¤ coctha
(see cocad): gen.
Fir choctha,
Rawl. 159b35
.
F.¤ corb,
Fianaig. 12.13
. gen.
Fir chorb,
Rawl. 128b33
.
d'Fior
corb mac Modha Cuirb,
AFM A.M. 4727
. F.¤ da chrích:
Fer da chrích,
Trip. 520. 8
;
542.30
;
AU 767
.
Rawl.
146f43
. gen.
Fir da crich,
AU 746
.
Rawl. 127b45
.
Fer dá
liach,
Rawl. 149a43
. F.¤ dét (cf. Lat. Dentatus):
do Fir
dét,
TBC-LL¹ 2147
. F. diad (`man of smoke')
TBC-I¹ 2215
.
TBC-LL¹
3004
etc.
ra Fer ṅdiad,
3231
.
3979
. gen.
Fir diad,
LU
6707
.
TBC-I¹ 2210
.
TBC-LL¹ 3217
. voc.
a Ḟir diad,
3111
. F.¤
febe. (cf. feb) gen.
Fir Febe,
TBC-I¹ 159
=
Fir aba,
TBC-LL¹ 393
.
F.¤ filed (see fili),
Rawl. 156b2
. gen.
Fir ḟiled,
ib. 3
.
Lism. L.
p. 342.1
. F.¤ glan, gen.
Fir glain,
Rawl. 158.40
. F.¤ gráid:
Fer graidh ri Caisil,
AU 960
=
Fer graidh mac Cléirigh,
AFM
958
;
959
. Cf. Fer Graid mac Ailgenain (a king of Munster)
ZCP xix 94.1
(Synchr.). F.¤ le (lé):
BDD 9
(om. LU)
cf.
BDD² p. 73
.
F.¤ lí,
Fianaig. 68.28
. gen.
Fir lí,
74.22
. F.¤
Lugdach (`son of Lugaid' ?): gen.
Fir Lugdach,
Rawl.
119a23
. F.¤ mara (`m. of the sea'), gen.
sil Fir mara,
Rawl.
130b12
. F.¤ mór gen.
Fir moir,
RC xvi 135
(
Dinds. 131
).
F.¤ raith: gen.
Fir raith,
Rawl. 144a31
; cf.
Fir roith,
119a26
.
F.¤ rogain,
RC xv 421
.
BDD 46
.
F.¤ rogein,
9
. voc.
a Fir;
Rogain,
66
(
LU 7006
). gen.
Fir rogain,
BDD
79
.
F.¤ taí,
Fianaig.
68.27
. gen.
Fir tái,
70.19
.
Fir thái,
70.26
. F.¤ Techet:
gen.
Fir Thechet,
Rawl. 158.40
. See
Rawl. Index
.
Compds.
(1) to denote sex, fer is prefixed to the name of an animal
or to a nomen agentis which may be used of both sexes;
rarely with a subst. exclusively masc. in application,
e.g. fermac;
(2) with adjectival force = pertaining to a
man or men, intended for a man, manly
, etc.
fer-amus
a mercenary:
feramus,
Rawl. 113a9
(
ZCP xv 310
). fer-amus no ban-amus `
man-servant
'
Ériu ii 204.22
.
¤bolcum
draught for a man: cethri fichit ferbolcumm as much as
eighty men will drink
MacCongl. 101.7
.
¤bratán:
in fear-bradan,
Hy Maine 103vb13
.
¤chara a male friend
CCath.
1137
.
¤chend a man's head
TBC-I¹ 1453
.
¤chland: eitir
ferchloinn fhinn `the fair children of men' (or of Finn ?)
BS 24.17
.
¤choic a man-cook
ACL iii 241 § 7
.
¤chol
sodomy
Ériu vii 144.16
.
¤chrécht a wound: pl.
na ferchrechta
,
Fianaig. 94.5
.
¤chubat,
¤chumat a man's length:
fercubat fir,
Trip.² 2992
.
fercumat,
LU 5858
. See separate
article below. ?
¤chur a warrior, champion: fearchur .i.
curaidh no gaisgeadhach feardha, O'Cl.
¤dál: dá céad
feindidh ferdhála `of manly encounter'
Duan. F. i 90.28
.
¤dam a bull
Laws iv 100.21 Comm.
¤dord:
canaid ...
f. do contuli friss,
LU 6312
(
TBC-I¹ 1810
).
¤dorn a man's
fist
Ériu iv 32.3
. As measure: med ferdor ceachtar n-ai
YBL 118a40
. tri ferdhuirnn ar airdi three hands in height
Maund. 186
.
¤druí a druid: n
du.
dá ferdrai
,
RC xliii 24.7
.
¤ech a stallion:
in feirech ┐ in baineach,
Acall. 256
.
¤échtus a manly attack
Laws i 64.13
(see
ZCP xviii 102
).
¤fuine
baking or kneading done for a man:
damna teora
mbairgen ferfuine ┐ a sé do banfuine,
Laws ii 176.18 Comm.
cf.
iv 116.6
.
v 30.23
.
¤gaiscedach
warrior:
cona seisser ...
bangaiscedach ┐ cona seisser ... fergaiscedach,
Acall. 5128
.
¤gal
valorous man (?):
in forba fergalach (fergal, v.l.) foltgarb,
RC xxiv 192 § 3
, Cín Chille Cúile 86
.
¤gein male descendant
:
feirghein deimin deimnigim,
Leb. Cert.² 156.13
.
¤ glac a man's hand, grasp: (as measure):
cainnel cethri
ferglac,
Cáin Ad. § 2
.
ag teora fer-glacc,
MacCongl. 3.14
.
¤glond a manly exploit
, pl.
ferghlonna,
MR 264.7
.
¤gním
a man's act; a brave deed: (of Cú Chulainn :)
is áes ingini
macdacht ... ┐ ní thángatár a fergníma beus,
LU 4851
.
ben
cédmuinterais ... ar as i bfeirghniomha gaibhther,
Ériu xiii
31.30
. cf. ara fen fergnima (apparently = gníma a fir),
O'Mulc. 327
(
Ériu xi 217.1
).
tri fergnima Conaild,
Fél. 70.35
.
fri coibled fergním,
LU 10268
, cf.
ZCP iii 235.2
. Hence
adj. fergnímach
manly in action:
cóic ingena ... bátar
fergnímaig forthriúin,
Metr. Dinds. iii 88
.
¤gnúis a man's
face:
nā bānaiter fergnúsi,
LU 8426
(
FB 29
).
¤insce,
¤innsgne
masculine gender:
ferinnsci lasin nGaidel .i.
mascul ... lasin Laitneoir,
Auraic. 521
. ainm feirinnsgne
IGT, Introd. § 157
.
¤lá `a man's day,' a day lucky for
men:
tri ferlae .i. dardáin, áine, domnach,
Triads 217
.
¤lám a man's arm, hand (as measure):
fot ferlama da
crund,
CCath. 5604
.
¤leó a lion
PH 3439
. ferléo ┐ bainleo
BNnÉ 84.27
.
¤les(s)
a man's thigh (?): feraid fodil di
ferlessaib ar óenathib Ulad strews warriors' limbs (?)
LU
6122
(
TBC-I¹ p. 61 n. 7
).
¤mac a male child:
cach f.¤ arosloice broind a mathar,
Laws iii 38.8
. v
s. a ḟermeic
(of a
hound),
Acall. 5578
. n
p.
fermaicc,
Fél. Nov. 5
. cf. fearmhaic .i. fir neartmhara, O'Cl.
¤míl a male animal:
cach
fermil (.i. cach mil fearda),
Laws iii 38.11
.
¤mug a male
slave:
fermogh,
Acall. 7222
.
noenbar banmhogad ┐ triar
fermhogad,
954
.
caoca fermhogh,
BS 104.31
.
¤óclach
a warrior:
fertraig feroclaig,
LU 8400
(
FB 27
).
sliasait
ferócclaich,
CCath. 191
.
gérsat calma na ferogláigh,
Acall.
40
.
¤thincur the property brought by a man when marrying:
ben for fertincur, fer for bantincur,
Laws ii 356.7
.
lanamnus
mná for ferthinucur,
380.23
(
SM Facs. 42b
). See
Stud. in E. Ir. Law
83
;
126
.
¤thraig
a man's foot (as measure): fertraig
LU 8400
(
FB 27
).
comla ... i mbatár tri fertraigid dia
tiget,
LU
1443
(
MU² 915
).
tricha ferrthraiged,
LL 265b28
(
MU²
508
).
tricha fertraighed,
ZCP viii 545.30
. se fichit fertraigh
RC xliii 80 § 82
.
¤thraigthech a foot-soldier:
ic fosugud
na ferthraigthech,
Ériu viii 38.28
. See also ferbolg, —chú,
—chubat, —chuitred, —doman, —gnia, —scál.