n (forlann) o, m.

(a) great superiority in numbers, overwhelming odds: damsa nība hanborrlond (said by Cú Chulainn of Fer Diad), TBC-I¹ 2394 (= ecomlond, TBC-LL¹ 3205 ). gan fobairt in anforlainn not to attack the superior force, CCath. 3749 . mar dorocht Dáirine donn / rop adbal in t-anforlonn, SG 367.40 ( LL 298b46 ). ro ba mor in t-anborlann . . . in da chath mora d'ḟulang, Acall. 3148 . ro fhuaisg. . . . an irgail fris an a.¤ `pressed the fight on unequal numbers', MR 274.8 . gidh deich deich céad beithdis ann / dhūinne nī badh hanforlann, Feis Tighe Chonáin 1822 . tanicc sé do chabur Sir Gyi on anfurlann-sin overwhelming onslaught, ZCP vi 30.21 . no go rucc anfforlann orra fo dheoidh `but they were at length overpowered by the main body', AFM iii 356.8 . odchualattar . . . dáil an anfforlainn dia nionnsaiechidh `the approach of such an overwhelming force', v 1736.15 . fuair goin 'na guin anḟorlainn, DDána 64.13 .

(b) straits, difficulty, plight: a n-airc nó a n-éiccion nó a n-anbḟorlann, ML 86.19 . do innsedar a n-éigean ┐ a n-anforlonn dhó, 82.11 . doba doiligh leó an t-anforlonn a raibhe M., ITS v 126.z . d'fhóirithin ar n-anḟorlainn, DDána 74.16 .

(c) injustice, oppression: anforlond na indliged, PH 4150 . cia hain[i]m no a.¤ tarraid sib, Ériu v 154.146 . rap anforlond aicnid lé dímiad . . . Í. di, LL 222a17 ( TTr. 359 ). do digail a n-eccorach ┐ a n-anbforlainn forro, Ann. Conn. 1256.5 . d'fhōiridhin a hanbhforlainn, O'R. Poems 4063 . feadh éagcaoine a hanḟorluinn / do-chí an Bhanbha . . . , TD 24.33 .

(d) In more general sense violence: fuair esgal is anforlond, Metr. Dinds. iii 128.18 . ris an ndroing chailleas a maoin . . . lé gadoighibh nó lé hanfhórlann oile (= violencia), Desid. 3396 . ag smuaineadh ar anfhorlann luchta an díomusa, TSh. 614 . imris oidedh anfforlainn fair put him to a violent death, BNnÉ 322 § 28 . trē anfhorlann na teine bhíos faoi, Párl. na mB. 3475 .

x see esgal .

n (with unlen. -m) f. n p. bresma, SR 8137.

(a) noise, din, uproar: a bressim .i. a brisgemnech ┐ a esgal (Coire Brecáin), Corm. 14. b.¤ .i. gáir, O'Cl. brāth, nī ba beg a brisim `uproar', Ériu iii 29 § 1. b.¤ , 30 § 13 . atchualasa . . . bressim ṁbuirb móradbail, LL 32195 ( TTr. 1384 ). rochvala b. thornige móre, TTr.² 853. presimb na sciath, RC xii 98 § 131.

(b) rout, defeat: d'á b.¤ bruide, MR 292.4 . dorat b.¤ forru co romarb ríg etarru `he routed them', TTr.² 1432. bresim brogda da thabairt do Mac D. . . . ar h. C., Ann. Conn. 1342.7 . roba móide brígh ┐ borrfadh na mBúrcach an b.¤ sin `were increased by this defeat', AFM vi 1880.16 . Cheville: bressim ngle, RC xxiii 306.21 .

n = briscarnach: a bressim .i. a brisgemnech ┐ a esgal (of a whirlpool), Corm. 14. briscinmnech na scvlmaire `the crashing of the sculls', TTr.² 867.

x see esgal .

ind dorad C.C. an ghaoi bulga tar an sceith tresan sruth. ottchuala Fer D. easccland a airm sion tresan aphoinn dia ionnsoighid..., ZCP x 296.18 . esclonn .i. uisqe luath eistib, CIH ii 614.18 . A by-form of esgal ? Cf. esglann; inescland CMCS lix 25-26 .

n f. (a) noise, roar (of water); storm, commotion: escal .i. torann, Lec. Gl. 413 ( easgal, M 225 ). eascal .i. anfadh, O'Cl. P. O'C. eascal .i. fuaim; e.¤ .i. tonn, P. O'C. [a]estus .i. ind esgal (gl. metus) Ml. 96b11 (cf. Sg. 36b4 ). rocluinter a torandbrucht ┐ a breisimnech ┐ a esgal iter nellaib (of a whirlpool), Corm. Y 323 . co cluinter a escal amail thoraind do chéin (of same), Dinds. 145 . escal in mórmara oc a trentuargain do basaibh na ruadhrámha, CCath. 1934 . co closs...escal in occiain, 4332 . atracht ascal (escal, esccal v.l.) mór ┐ fodhord isin muir, 1427 . rocoisc eascal in átha, TBC-LL¹ 3880 St (eargla, coigedal v.l.). trait torraid romra aird esgail, Ält. Ir. Dichtg. i 40 § 10 = Rawl. 115a39 . fo bruth na nesgal n-ān, 76a50 .

(b) Fig. (mental) confusion (?) : essgal ┐ tessgal (of confusion and strife in a host) RC xiv 426.17 . rombáid fuil is tesbach tromm, | fuair esgal is anforlond, Metr. Dinds. iii 128.18 . easgal oighreata nó gaoth ghoith-neimhneach na glóire díomhaoine the icy gale TSh. 10720 . cain tesband teim essgal .i. is taitnemach doesband dorchatu esgaile na daille form, LB 241a41 = ZCP iii 224 § 13 ; 'well is confusing darkness absent' Sages, Saints and Storytellers 27 § 14 . on uithir, espa, aineim, adgaire, esgala, CIH vi 2217.21 .

n ā, f. n s. also gail; d s. and a s. occas. gal. goil, IGT Decl. § 14.17 . gal (grēine) o, m. § 73 ; g s. an ghoil gréine, ex. 1564 ; d s. ōn ghal , ex. 1567 . Used to form vn. of compds. of 1 fichid, e.g. irgal, dígal, etc., prob. also in ecal (<*ek(s)gal), esgal (gl. [a]estus, Ml. 96b11 ). Possibly orig. sense is seething heat, passing into that of mental excitement or rage. Cf. vbs. 1 fichid fights and 2 fichid boils which are probably akin. See Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 521.

(a) warlike ardour, fury, valour: gail .i. beodacht, O'Dav. 1037 . ecal .i. cen gail, O'Mulc. 354 . ? gal .i. galar ... quia motat mentem , 614 . cruaid a gal, IT i 107.25 . am amnus ar gail ocus gaiscced, 142.1 . addaimet ... do gail ocus do gaisced, FB 11 ( LU 8150 ); in gal ┐ fiuchiud na ferge ... i n-erbruinnib na láech, TTr.² 860 . cor[o] islighea a ngal, CCath. 2493 . bái side bar gail ┐ bar fogail Ailella, TBC-LL¹ 2894 . TFerbe 372 . amail sóersai Daúid de gail claidib Góli, Fél. Ep. 484 . ní dechaid coll cána ar goil ... escaped his valour, ACL iii 304.4 . ba gaoth i ngal `he was wise in conflict,' Studies 1918, 281 § 11 . ba gal craidi leis perturbation of heart, Cog. 194.25 ; 72.3 . fuair bás ann do ghal retha from ardour of running, Acall. 1617 . ? nocho rabhasa fós ... bhaili bud gairdi rem ghal ná na mesc `where my time sped more quickly,' 1585 . g s. láith gaile fer nhÉrend, IT i 100.5 . lathus gaile Góedel uile, FB 89 ( LU 9160 ). do chomramaib gaili ┐ gascid, TBC-I¹ 1862. 2046 . ar nert gaile by dint of valour, TTr.² 55 . a n-n[e]urt gaile, 996 . cona ṡlúag lán gaile, Fél. Jan. 11 . re huair ṅgaile, Ériu v 223.54 . én gaile, see én . pl. feats of valour (?): ar gressaib gal, Thes. ii 293.20 . for gói gnaith sraintear gala battles are ever gained, MR 120.19 . nirbu Gabran cen gala | i n-aimsir meicc Murchada, Rawl. 84b40 . indsaighfidh gala, Lism. L. 2806 . a bhferga ┐ a ngala (ngalu MS) oc dula do chath, Ériu ii 130.20 . da mac samla galaib gliad, TBC-LL¹ 4053 . ar galaib dagḟer, Ériu v 222.39 . miser fiana iarna ngalaib, O'Dav. 1037. Content. xxx 35 . ō galaib ōenḟer, ZCP xi 109 § 21 . ar galaib oenḟer (—ḟir) by unaided valour (often = in single combat): ar galaib ōenfer roggōeta uli, TBC-I¹ 1522 . ar galaib oenḟir, TBC-LL¹ 1642 . in triar thuc Mac C ... ar galaib óenfer, BDD 94 . comrac for galaib oen-fir, MR 70.6 . gaibid ar gail challenges: rogab Gablach Fuiter ar gail, RC xv 323.9 ( Dinds. 23 ). Of animals heat, fury: fuil aidhe rogiallathar gail, Laws v 152.3 , with gl. in adh da ngialland a gail merachta, 154.11 . Cf. (among legal exemptions) slan do na damaib in gail doniat, iii 266.16 Comm. gala mathgamna ┐ brotha leóman, BDD 92 = BDD² 893 . Of natural phenomena, etc.: a gail co timm rothaisig (of a whirlpool) `he made feeble and faint its fury,' Metr. Dinds. iv 86.79 . ó chaitheasdair an ghaoth a goil `when the wind had exhausted its fury,' ML 48.22 . mar bráinṡnec[h]ta ó ghoil gréni, Ériu iv 226 § 51 . a bhfoil beo ní buaine | ná ceo re goil ngréine, Dán Dé viii 2 . ní bhí ag sruth ... guth ón ghal, IGT Decl. ex. 1567 . mar chuiris an ghrian a gal `as the sun doth send its heat,' Arch. Hib. i 99 . fo nim niabtha gal, AU 894 = AFM i 544.17 . congaibet gola (of waves), SR 7899 . Cf. further: gal a mbraighet the heat of their throats (from thirst), CCath. 2578 . ticc goil a ngrúaidh Núaladha a flush (lit. heat), IGT Decl. ex. 312 . Common in chevilles, esp. in g p. feochair ngoile, ITS v 40.10 . dígrais gail, PRIA iii 534.1 . dorairngert Curnán cét gal, SG 235.29 . cétaib gal, Arch. Hib. ii 93 § 18 . fichtib gal, TBC-LL¹ 3206 . línib gal, 3693 , Acall. 1582 . miad n-gal, MR 146.3 ; 132.15 .

Compds. ¤fine = fingal murder of a kinsman: bá himeccla lá hUa nD. gail-fhine do dhénamh dhóibh for aroile, AFM v 1406.4 .

(b) steam, vapour, mist: nírbo glac im gail it was not a hand grasping smoke (i.e. a futile achievement), Metr. Dinds. iv 10.17 . (Cf. dorn im diaid, O'Dav. 1586. ) bal na gaile oc a broth, Laws i 128.2 Comm. scaiblín ... cona gáblaib gaile `with its curls of steam,' MacCongl. 35.1 . do ling (i.e. an diabhal) in a ghal bhreun ... tré mhullach an teampoill, Eochairsg. 90.26 . fleochud, snechta co sirgail constant vapour (?), ACC Comm. ( RC xx 256.3 ). re gail nglūair ngil (of a river), ZCP viii 106.12 . sreabh do mhadhmuigh goil gheimhridh, IGT Decl. ex. 479 . téid gach iasg ré goil an gheimhridh | troigh i dtalmhain `from the heat of the winter,' TD 34.36 .

n o a torrent, a swift, turbulent stream: inessclund .i. esc uisce ; in-esc-lond didiu, uisce lond ind .i. srib lond .i. sribh lūath nō trēn, Corm. Y 786. Insi Inesclainn for Loch Eirne, Gorm. Nov. 10 n. 6 . Muiredhach mac Corbmaic abb Droma inesclainn Drumiskin , AFM ii 578.5 . Cf. escland ? and esgal .

n o, n. (teine). Earlier tenlach. d s. tenlug, LU 1483 . telluch, MU 6.6 . tellugh, Ériu i 214.z . n p. tellaige. tellaig, Laws iii 400.1 . Trip.² 2571 . telchai, 2546 . IGT Decl. § 55.

(a) hearth, fireplace: tenlach .i. tene-lighe, Corm. Y 1209 (= tenlaeg, Corm. 42 ). `teanlach' teine go fíor, Metr. Gl. 20 § 64 . hic focus tellach, Ir. Gl. 511 . Cf. haec trabecula taebhán tellaigh no comladh, 71 . ro glan ... a téllach, Trip.² 178 . isin tenlach, 179 . itir ... tenlach ┐ céim, Cáin Ad. 41 . secht tellaige, Sc.M² 2.1 . blai tene t.¤ no aithine `fire on the hearth,' Laws iii 264.1 , .i. slan don ti astas in teine a t.¤ in tighe thall, 2 Comm. na seagar im t.¤ mboaireach ach tri haidche bede cora la thuath `nothing is sought of the hearth of the bo-aire ,' v 438.23 . Cf. esgal nó tenlach .i. census quod tollitur gl. tolletum tollitanus (leg. Toletum Toletanus, Edd.) hearthmoney (?), Sg. 36b4 . bid fas a tellaigi, Fen. 158.4 . is é in tipra na telluch thechtaide é na fétaither d'athgúd na d'eligud, ua ríg h-Erend frozen hard as a hearthstone (? i.e. firm and immovable, see técht, 2 téchtaide), MU 6.6 . ar thindib ... taidlecha tellaig, MR 238.8 . Creidni cerd do ghebhedh neimthenchus | triasan criaidh teallaigh `who used to get privilege through the clay of the hearth,' Leb. Gab.(i) 160 n. 2 (cf. Corm. 32 nescóit). i dteallach toile an fhíréin, TSh. 9608.

(b) household, family (cf. teglach): dolotar fir Mumun ... ┐ imroíset a telchai inna n[d]egaid, Trip.² 2546 , `their households fared after them,' Trip. 215 . teallach fēile Ūi Echach, Sitzungsb. Pr. Akad. 1919 v 92 § 1 . tellaigh imda do niter ... re tecmaisin sain claindi re saine nathar, Laws iii 400.1 . a ic do gach teallach is neasa do, iii 68.24 Comm. trí tellaige tra cenéle Binnig Glinni, ZCP viii 297.15 . a dá tháisech tellaig, SG 93.17 . go mbi an cholann 'na chealg-námhaid chinn teallaigh aige, TSh. 7530 . ? To this: t.¤ Temra `the manor (? household) of Tara ,' Ériu iv 124 ff. (see n. p. 165 ). scél tellaig Temra, Metr. Dinds. iii 20.249 . ag cosnum theallaigh Themhrach, ALC i 474.6 .

(c) family, sept (often equated with cenél, treb, 1 túath): iar trebaib iar tellaigib, Metr. Dinds. iii 16.194 . T.¤ nGormgaili ┐ T.¤ Connucan ┐ T.¤ Maeilciarain, Fen. 384.24 . do bhí | gach teallach ard fa uirrí, IGT Decl. ex. 442 . sa timsaighid craebh-fhoghla ... caibniusa tuath ┐ teallach, MR 98.15 . anmanna na tuath ┐ na t.¤ , Stair Erc. 137.

(d) Various: i ngoirmtheallach mac Míleadh country , DDána 90.4 . do dhearg [sé] teallach troighigh `do loisg obair ár slánuighthe Críost mar bheadh teallach,' 40.17 . do bhídís trí teallaighe oile i dTeamhraigh, mar atá Carcair na nGiall ... Réalta na bhFileadh ... Grianán na nInghean ... residences (?), Keat. iii 553 . gach teallach doniter o losgad `a firing by horn or cup (?)' (Gloss.), Irish Texts v 5.19 . cnu do chur a cul in cinn mailli re teallach do denam roimpi ┐ urbruith do dhenam dho do ruib go gnathach, 28 .

n (see esgal ) noise, uproar; storm: teasgal .i. anfadh, O'Cl. in tairm ┐ in tescul ` uproar ,' Metr. Dinds. iii 348.19 . fo thescul is fo thiug-lind `beneath stormy wave,' 458.104 . ba lind garg cen glan-fostud, | diar thadbain a thescul túaid, 460.3 . essgal ┐ tessgal `storm and tempest,' RC xiv 426.17 .