n o (conn) person of rank or standing(?), responsible person(?), sensible person(?) (in some contexts of persons capable of giving evidence): it cetheora eirca do cuisin di seota cach urcuind, Laws i 258.26 .i. gach uasal codhnaidh, 272.27 Comm. leth cumal ar cach nurconn, iv 346.21 Comm. corus fiadnaise cid ara nepar fiada? ar indi is fiada ar ni derntar fiada acht di aurchond cuibhsech, O'Curry 61 ( H 3.18, p. 22b ). ni bi fiada na bi urconn innruic, O'D. 531 ( H 3.17, p. 431 ). cocrathar urchonn urthach .i. ciallrunathar uasal testugh ona codhnacha lithar ann, O'Curry 1770 (RIA 23 Q 6, p. 37a). foras nach cor . . . donither fia fiadnaib innracaib acht rop urconn in forais inti doní, O'Curry 375 ( H 3.18, p. 208 ). ?Adj. mad la arrad nurrchonn fo fich, Laws ii 190.1 .

adj (cf. dligid) indecl. lawful, due, rightful, permitted: dleact .i. dlesdinach, Stowe Gl. 87 . Rare in attrib. use: iar ndligud d.¤ , SR 211 . Seathrún Céitinn . . . tug a foras dleacht a diamhraibh . . . `that brought her true history from darkness', Ó Bruad. ii 264.28 . foirb cech duine mar as d.¤ the estate of each person, as is lawful, Metr. Dinds. iii 20.255 . iar ṅgleicc as cach dán nar d.¤ `with all arts unlawful', 4.43 . ge mór doniad for conair | ní d.¤ a accra oruibh it is not legal to sue them for it, ZCP viii 116.28 . go cuala ceola ba d.¤ | orgān ┐ cantairecht, 114.12 . ní d.¤ óirdnedh th'insamla | nít rí imchubaid Eirionn, O'Gr. Cat. 470.7 . truagh a Dhé, damadh d.¤ sin | gan mé 'sa bhfert at fochair, Book of O'Conor Don 227a12 . fuair an athchuinge sin mar budh dleacht, PCT 1236 . legitimate (?): a gen Crist rochosain ind | cia rob airdrig ar Erind | don chloind as dleacht na deadaig | sloind co cert a coicedaig . . . to his lawful descendants (?), Lec. 363a41 . d.¤ de due from: cenēl Luighdhech ní d.¤ dībh | acht comaitecht re hairdrígh, ZCP viii 116.8 . do chinn tslōighidh nach d.¤ diobh on hostings not due from them, 116.36 (dligid?). gér bó hé a chobhair ro ba dleacht dá fhíor-lucht leanamhna though his own followers should have succoured him, AFM v 1824 . d.¤ do due to, right for: is ed is d.¤ dam-sa cech ní do chomlanugad ar tús, LB 146c34 . gach ní thagraim is d.¤ dún everything that I plead is my due, O'Gr. Cat. 475.24 . dom is dleacht a leacht do línadh, Keat. Poems 637 . do dheaghaighne 's dleacht an modh for a good disputant the proper method is . . ., Content. xx 4 .

As subst. what is due, one's right: gráid cen d.¤ cen deisse `without rightful or seemly honour', Metr. Dinds. iii 222 .

Compds. ¤ainm: Cairpre Coilbe is d. dó C.C. is his proper name, Metr. Dinds. iii 60 . ¤sciam proper beauty: do thuit a dleacht-scéimh dá gnúis, Keat. Poems 1121 .

n, f. vn. of fo-sisedar, as if from fo-sem-, on analogy of airitiu, aititiu, etc., Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 629 , Ascoli, cclix , Thurn. Hdb. § 728 (cf. fáes(s)am). n s. ind foisitiu , Wb. 4d33 . Ml. 62b1 . a s. foísitin, Wb. 4a6 . d s. foísitin, Tur. 58a . foisitin, Wb. 3c16 . foísite, 3d24 . g s. foisiten, Ml. 23a6 . d p. foísitnib, Sg. 33a25 . Later faísite (foí- fuí-). fáoiside (g s. -en) IGT, Decl. § 143 . fáoisidin (g s. -nech) § 144 . faísidi, faísidin, Verbs § 83 . faoisidin, TSh. 1758 , etc. g s. faoisidneach, TSh. 1763 , etc. faoisdineach, O'Gr. Cat. 39.18 .

(a) confession (of belief), avowal, profession (of faith) : transl. Lat. confessio in Glosses. tre foísitin hirisse, Wb. 4a6 . tri foisitin t'anmae-siu, a dáe, Ml. 49d4 . foisitiu ata pecthaig 'the confession that they are sinners' 132a2 fóisitin [fóisin, foisitiu MSS.] oendatad `through confession of the oneness' Thes. ii 354 ( Hy vii 4 ). tecait i n-agid na n-ídal ... la foístin martrai, PH 6517 .

(b) confession (of sins), common Mid. Ir. use, in later lit. nearly always of confession as a religious duty : foísiten (gl. confitendi) Ml. 23a6 . foisitiu a pecthae, 32b18 . atat ... dí ernail forsin fhúisitin .i. fuisitiu doníther do Dia ┐ fúisitiu doniter do dainib, PH 6444 . co fhuisitiu a chinad, 6455 . doróine C. a fáisittin fri Ciáran, RC xxvi 370.5 . fóisitiu in mídénmai fia doínib, Laws iv 318z (CG). dorōine C. a faisiti do Dia ┐ do Ciaran, ACL iii 225.20 . [lucht] doniad a faisitin ┐ doberat a coibsena ... dia sacartaibh, Anecd. iii 8.7 . in faisidin menicc ib. 8 . cor chaith corp Crist ┐ co nderna [a ḟ]aisiti, Cog. 196.19 . iar faisidi ┐ aithrigi quievit , Ann. Conn. 1333 § 3 . doghní-siomh a faoíside, AFM vi 2218 . ní ... níor smuain ... budh déanta ... d'ḟaoisidin never meditated anything which would need confession TD 17.60 . faisidin na pecadh nach dernad nech fein d'faisidi isin tsaegul-so `the confession of the sins which one did not confess in this life' RC xxviii 320 § 43 . faoisidin bhethadh a general confession (distinguished from f.¤ bhliadhna yearly confession ) Mac Aingil p. 150 , 151 . fer faiside damsa ┐ do Dhia hē one who has made confession to me and to God ACL iii 225.28 = fer faisitte ┐ aithrighe damhsa ... hé, RC xxvi 370.15 . oide faoisidne a father confessor Mac Aingil 2 § 2 . o. faisidnech, BCC § 249 . o. faoisidneach, TSh. 7449 . Cf. ba headh so ... ni dia chrábadh .i. fodail bidh, etc. ┐ beith fa breith ┐ fa faisidin ó sin amach this was part of his piety, to distribute food, etc., and moreover, he was submissive to law and religious duty (?) ZCP xii 291.17 .

In: tig an geal ... | as-degh d'orlár ḟaoisidnech, IGT, Decl. ex. 1945 the meaning confessional seems implied.

(c) as leg. term, acknowledging (an obligation, etc.): fuisitiu cach rath iar fis the acknowledgment of every fief Laws ii 216.19 ( ZCP xv 252 ). fuisite o fine acknowledgment on the part of the tribe ZCP xvi 212 . inti ... nad chele fuiseten an acknowledged vassal SM Facs. 7a9 . landire i cele fuiseten (.i. in daercheile), 8b14 . céle fuisidin .i. fosisithar celsini ar seotu, no fosesedar flaith hi celi ┐ amos do, Ir. Recht p. 26 ( O'Curry 888 ). See Ir. Recht p. 19 , and cf. fáes(s)am I (d). fuisitin .i. íc, ut est, amail robúi Muire ┐ Ioiseb ag fuisidin in chisa, O'Dav. 1017 = O'Curry 1397 (< H 3.18, 628 ). Cf. snadu[d] faisiten dia nditen `the protection of sanctuary' Laws v 290.19 . ráidh re cumairce ... `snaidhedh' `faoisidin,' `faosamh,' Metr. Gl., D 55 .

Cf. fáes(s)am.

(d) profession (of a calling or art, i.e. avowal of its practice): hua ḟoisitnib inna ṅdáne frisgniat (gl. a professionibus) Sg. 33a25 . Cf. aspert fri Coin Culaind nad bai foiside (.i. forus) forceutail Con Culaind co rissed Scathaig (= that C. would not be an acknowledged master or adept ?) ZCP iii 248 § 60 (Tochm. Emire) = foisitiu forcoitil, RC xi 444.33 . Hence, perhaps, foisite .i. foistine, foras, no comhnaidhe, O'Cl.

n u, m. (W. gwawd. Orig. n. ? n s. fáth ngle, LL 17a9 ). fáth (ó dhá chéill) m. IGT, Decl. § 38.12 (g s. n p. fáith, fátha. See fáith).

(a) cause, reason; with subjective sense motive, object , oft. with gen. or folld. by explanatory clause with or without prep.: in cetadbar ... fath ele, PH 7429 . in cétadhbar ... indara fath, Aisl. Tond. 110.4 . fer cotnic brāth ... is les cach fāth, cech forcenn every cause (i.e. origin) and end MacCarthy 24.18 . huair nach toracht trēn in fiach ... is hé fāth in choluim glē | iar sain ro faīdi Noë the reason why N. sent out the dove SR 2599 . cethardai condagar da cech elathain .i. locc ┐ aimser ┐ persa ┐ f.¤ airicc the cause of composition Fél. p. 2 ( LB 75a ). fath airic, Laws i 26.9 . fāth airicc a dēnma .i. do dichor in luin craeis, MacCongl. 3.3 . isse fath a denma (of a poem) Thes. ii 323.4 ( Hy iv pref .). más é is f.¤ molta ... dóibh if that be their matter for praise TD 8.20 . cidh fodera ... ? is é in f.¤ fodera ... this is the reason why ... Laws iv 84.14 Comm. isse fath fodera fochainn an tedma sin `the "causa causans" of that pestilence' RC xvii 416.25 (Tig.). fath fotruair, ZCP vii 305.27 . ro innisemmar in fath ar nách and roadnacht Cormac the reason why C. was not buried there LU 4087 . in f.¤ forar crochad Ísu, PH 2877 . ga f.¤ 'ma ra molais in fer sain ? why did you praise that man? TBC-LL¹ 3343 . ga f.¤ 'ma ra thogais, 3367 . cá f.¤ risi raibe ac fir bunaidh hí for what purpose the owner had it Laws iii 150.8 . ca f.¤ nach filet na demnu fomamaigti?, PH 2798 . cred in f.¤ ara feithim ? why do I wait ? YBL 401a20 ( Dán Dé xxii 4 ). ná habair ... m'ainm nó f.¤ mo shloinnte, Dánta Gr. 95.14 . co nadh fuil fáth h'íca there is nothing to heal thee (no possibility of healing) TBC-LL¹ p. 625 St [cf. under (c) below]. fáth oirbhire ret folt gcas | ní háil re Dia go ndearnas God did not will me to cause reproach to Studies 1928, 674 . ba fiú leis na fátha sin d'ḟuasaoid orra, ML 86.11 . fá hé f.¤ Bhlánaide ris sin, go mbeidis ... B.'s motive Keat. ii 3505 . With prep.: ar fath loitiche ind feoir for the purpose of injuring the grass Laws i 174 Comm. is ar an ḟ.¤ sin onoraighther in sollamain-sea, PH 5425 . ar díb fát[h]aib dorigset a carnd, LU 7034 ( BDD 68 ). ar dá fáthaib ro hordaigedh in tegdais, ZCP iv 239.7 . is fāilidh fiach dā fāth because of them ZCP viii 227.31 . isin fubtadh fo fath marbtha `for scaring for the purpose of killing' Laws i 178.3 Comm. his e Crimthann cinnes dar cach | fri fath fuilech for ends of bloodshed Rawl. 85b35 ( RC xxxvi 263 ). gach f.¤ asa bhfuighbheam neamh `all things by which I may reach heaven' Dán Dé xxvii 33 . ár bhf.¤ tnúidh the cause (i.e., object) of our emulation TD 25.6 .

Cf. aile dáilemhain ... fáth bris a ainm, Ériu xiii 41.8 . cf. bruis .i. soais, ut est fath bruis a ainm, O'Dav. 248 .

(b) subject-matter (of a composition) and in general sense subject, matter, affair: fri fileda fāth | fīu dā macc ḟīal Fedelmthe, Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 14 ( Rawl. 124a30 . Meyer compares Welsh gwawd); 'the two noble sons of F. are worth a composition by poets', ZCP xxxi 49 . Freq. in chevilles: fath cen chlith, SR 6879 . f.¤ ngle, LL 17a9 . f.¤ co ngail, 299a4 ( SG 368.4 ). f.¤ cen dochta an inexhaustible theme Metr. Dinds. iii 20.1 . fath gin gheis, ZCP viii 107.16 . f.¤ ro feas `a fact well-known' ML 92.3 .

(c) wisdom, learning; maxims; skill: fath .i. fogluim, unde dicitur faitsine .i. faith, Corm. Y 602 . fath .i. foglaim, ut est ní acrat filid acht a firaib fer fath, O'Dav. 860 (= Ériu xiii 17.26 .) sruaim [sic leg.] co fathaib feith, O'Mulc. 537 (cf. fath .i. fis, ut est sruaim co fathaib feith, O'Dav. 916 ). Cf. fithcill .i. fath-ciall .i. fath ┐ ciall oca imbirt, Corm. Y 607 . fatha felmacc 'a student of wisdom (leech)', Ériu xx 38 § 28 . … fer fatha, Ériu xiii 17.26 .'… of the men of wisdom (learning)', ZCP xxxi 48 . The following seem to belong to this: cétdruí in domuin ri fath fiss, LL 143a50 . co fáthaib fiss `mit Weisheitssprüchen' (maxims of wisdom) ZCP xi 82 § 24 ; fri fáthaib is fri fogail `prepared against ruses and pillage' Metr. Dinds. iii 110.18 . fath ... .i. gliocas, O'Cl. dán ... as fuamḟoirfe fáth whose meaning is perfected in sound (i.e., perfectly expressed) O'Gr. Cat. 392.13 . pl. bam-sa heól, fri fecht fatha, | do sceól chert in chlíath-átha `through lore of battles' Metr. Dinds. iii 314.3 . furiud fáth `succouring sciences' RC xxvi 24 § 88 . tochmarc fáth `wooing science' 22 § 61 . ? fiad fath ` food of learning' 16 § 17 (see 7 fíad). fíad ḟáth 'in the presence of poetic skill', Éigse xxxvii 76 § 3 . ? Eocho flaith na fáth, LL 18a3 .

(d) a composition (?); a maxim, apophthegm (?): fath .i. aisde, O'Cl. Eg. Gl. 308 . `airbhe 'is `fáth 'da ainm d'aside, Metr. Gl., D 52 . cf. ar mo fath .i. ar m'aisti, RC xxvi 24 n. 15 . In composition, gen. in sense (c) with nouns: fáithbéim (a feat of Cú Chulaind) RC xxix 128.5 . Probably a scribal transformation of táithbéim ( LU 5973 . 9293 . 10343 ). ¤bert crafty deed (?): ag feithem ar ḟáthbhertuib Féidlim, ALC i 582.1 = faithbertaib, Ann. Conn. 1316 § 3 (ref. to the proceedings of an enemy). ¤chomairle wise counsel: fathchomairledha fellsam, MR 296.30 . ¤foghloim: (labrait) iarsin rath ┐ iarsin f.¤ , Anecd. v 25 n. 22 . ¤ foras : fáthfhoras focal `mystic import of words' (?) Ir. Review 1913, 595 § 11 . ¤gleó: f.¤ feichemnais `recriminating quarrel' MR 298.13 . ¤imbert: ag fáithimirt ar fi[d]chill, Acall. 1387 . ag fathimirt fithcille, Ériu iii 162.10 . ¤rann `a witty stave' (a quatrain constructed with art ?) Triads 89 (.i. rann fáthach, gl.). ? ¤réim (a feat of Cú Chulaind): fáithréim andiaigh do rannaibh slegh, RC xxix 128.6 . Probably corrupt, cf. fonaidm níad for rindib sleg, LU 10344 . ¤rún figurative, mystical meaning: gurab é is f.¤ di (sc. a dream), TSh. 66 .

With adj.: ¤bertach: do roinn sé go f.¤ cách `with fore-sight' (cleverly ?) Duan. F. i 13.27 . ¤chomhairlech wise in counsel MR 214.20 . ¤rannach: ar mo cheird bfathrannaigh (i.e. my poetical calling) ZCP xii 384.5 = Dán Dé xvi 14 . ¤rúnda mystical, figurative: Eochairsg. 28.10 . do-ní Dia bagar go f.¤ san .29. caibidil ag Ieremias, TSh. 7802 .

adj o-ā crooked, bent, curving: luirgni fiara fochama, BB 265a63 ( SG 328 ). do thulaib a lurgan bfiar foc[h]amm, FB 37 Eg. fannchosa fiara, TSh. 2559 . treabh ... na ccorn ffiar of curved drinking-horns ACL iii 305 § 2 . a Phádruig na mbachal fiar, Oss. vi 130.21 . sreabh f.¤ winding TD 10.33 . na bfedh bfiar `the bending (i.e. produce-laden) woods' O'Gr. Cat. 408.15 ( TD 9.42 ). cf. mas f.¤ as ḟerr an ḟidhbadh, IGT, Decl. ex. 546 . Toirdhealbhach dá bhf.¤ fiodh (vb. ?) TD 7.46 . clár f.¤ `winding' (of a plain ; undulating ?) ITS v 40.14 . Of hair, curling, wavy: folt ... fáinneach f.¤ , Ériu v 64.3 . ar bharr na bhfáinneadh bhfíar, IGT, Decl. ex. 126 . dod' bharr chruinnfhiar, Studies 1924, 243 . Compar. an ór-fhuilt is féire fíghe of most curly web Keat. Poems 96 . As subst. : dírghe i ndiaidh, fíar [sic leg.] i bhfedhuibh, L. Cl. A. B. 89.71 . i n-agid a f.¤ ┐ a fadb their bends and knots (of branches) TBC-LL¹ 1409 . Adv. f.¤ is tarnsna (= tarsna) théid ma long from side to side O'Gr. Cat. 336.8 . mera na lam imon sroin. co f.¤ athwart Auraic. 5788 . Fig. fír in foras is ni f.¤ false Ériu x 79 § 34 . : Of a treacherous steed (metaph. of the body): each as ḟainne is as ḟéire, Aithd. D. 91.3 . ? iarna guin co f.¤ i fat `after he was foully slain' Metr. Dinds. iii 228.47 . gan f.¤ gan fuasnadh, Keat. Poems 1409 . Compds. With subst. : ¤ga a curved spear: fíargha, IGT, Introd. § 83 . ¤lann a curved blade: rofoibred na fiarlanna, Ériu viii 44.17 . g p. fiarlann, 48.10 . Fianaig. 90.15 . ¤lúbgail, na bratacha for f. flags undulating (in the breeze) CCath. 5435 . ¤slat : drem nachat fiarshlata `crooked saplings' i.e. degenerate scions SG 353.14 . ¤slicht cross-track: d'fíairshliocht gacha hiomuire, RC xi 25.35 . ¤tharraing : féithsined a bhḟéith aga bhfiartharraig contorting MR 256.20 . ¤tharsna thwartwise, diagonal: treated as subst. in phr. dar f. (with gen.) athwart, across: dar fíartharsna in dúnaid TBC-I¹ 1788 . TBC-LL¹ 2449 . 1927 . RC xiv 424.12 . As advb. : telgis uada é ... fiartarsna in longphuirt, TBC-LL¹ 2251 . tig assaidhe f. na ccríoch, AFM v 1734.17 . gabhais seacha f. Maighe hA., Hugh Roe 84.21 (f. 22b) . Absol. ro impo f. ` obliquely ' Cog. 194.25 . co ngabtais co forscailti fiartarstna ... for cach leth (of bars on the outside of a shield), CCath. 5322 . As attrib. : fá fíartharrsna na ferchrēchta tucatar ar corpaib a chéle ` intersecting ' Fianaig. 94.5 . crechta ... fiartarsna mora tairis ` transverse ' CCath. 4191 . ¤tharstnan cross-piece, thwart (?) : fiartarstnana ōrda ┐ airg[d]idhe (of bars fixed vertically along a belt), CCath. 5232 . With adj. : ¤chamm bent and crooked: dā coiss ... fiarcamma, CCath. 4033 . ¤chas bent and twisted: (of a person) atāim ... feosach fíarchas bent, contorted Keat. Poems 514 . ¤chlannach curling and abundant (?) : folt f., ZCP i 127.24 . With vb. : ¤thescaid cuts across, transversely: pret. pass. pl. ro [ḟ]iairthesgaid na fulta, Ériu viii 48.9 . With part. : ¤gerrtha : foirbhfir fiairghearrtha mangled TSh. 6612 . ¤letarthe mangled: na firu ... fiarletarthi, TTebe 1907 . Cf. fíarletartadh na fíarlann ar formnaib na feróglach ` transverse smiting ' Fianaig. 90.15 .

ind f.¤ .i. foistine, foras, no comhnaidhe, O'Cl. Cf. foiste, foistine.

x see forus.

n n. growth, increase: foras .i. biseach, O'Cl. torbe no f.¤ (gl. proventum) Wb. 11b3 . du f.¤ (ad propagationem) Ml. 69a11 . a p. inna foras (profectūs) 104d10 . espach leis ... in tan baí f.¤ fora slúagh inna chathraigh cena n-imbirt fri torba, TTr.² 220 = forus, LL 399b5 (Cf. forus ?).

v ā grows, increases ; gl. Lat. proficere in follg. 3 s. pres. forása, Ml. 29a10 . pres. subj. 3 pl. forásat, 40b4 . perf. pret. 1 s. forrásus sa, Acr. 8d1 ( Thes. ii 4 ). 2 sg. forrasais siu Ml. 38a9 . Trans. increases, enlarges: forrás (gl. propagavit) Ml. 115d11 , cf. forrassaissiu .i. rofoirbthichsersu (gl. proficisti dona muneribus) 43d17 .

Vn. forás , q.v.

n o, u, n. (for decl. cf. dorus). n s. a forus sae, Cáin Ad. 28 . d s. forus, Wb. 15d34 . g s. foris, 9c1 et pass. forois, Sg. 138a7 . n p. cf. inna foris , Ml. 63c6 , which seems corrupt. d s. forsib, Laws i 288.10 . foirsib, ii 78z . foras m. IGT Decl. § 38 .

As to the suggestion by Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 676 that it is the abstr. to fo-ro-finn- (see for-finnadar) see Bergin, Ériu xii 223 . The derivation < forfis given by Asc. is untenable (despite the expl. in Rawl. 105b cited below and: foras fírfhios, O'Cl. Such expls., frequent in Laws only show that the original meaning of the word was then unknown); see Gwynn, KMMisc. p. 183 .

I

(a) that which is stable; stability; basis, foundation, bottom , the orig. sense acc. to Gwynn loc. cit.; in older texts generally in fig., in later also in lit. sense. í f.¤ cen oclatid at rest, unmoved (gl. in longanimitate Wb. 15d34 (`in knowledge' Edd. Thes., taking gloss to refer to the preceding in scientia. Bergin suggests `in firmness' Ériu xii 223 ). cen nī don dīni bai i fus | hi suidib fīri hi f.¤ (i.e. who had remained stationary on the hither side, see 1 Sam. xxx 22 ) SR 6464 . iarraidh ḟorais i fudomain (of a hopeless undertaking), CCath. 4396 . atáim ceangailte i láib an ghrinnill ┐ ní fhuil f.¤ ann, TSh. 4188 (= substantia Psalms lxviii 3 ). do thuit tu san bpoll ... is nach bhfoghair foras acht ag gabhail timchioll choidhche, Luc. Fid. 292.16 . grinneal aigéin gan f.¤ `unfathomable ocean-bed' TD 17.52 . This is prob. the sense in the follg. fig. expressions: f.¤ comairle `steadfastness of counsel' Ériu vii 138 (d) = ZCP iii 25.23 . f.¤ fesa (of Cathbad) TBC-LL¹ 5487 St (cf. F.¤ Feasa ar Éirenn, the title of Keating's history (= the firm foundation of knowledge of Ireland ?)). f.¤ úird na healadhna (of a chief), Rel. Celt. ii 272.10 . f.¤ focal (name of a glossary) LL 395a1 . béim forais a driving home (?), fig. a fundamental doctrine, statement of a general principle underlying several previous statements, see Gwynn, KMMisc. p. 178 ff .: beim foris tra anisiu, Wb. 11c3 ( 1 Corinth. x 31 ). is béim foris inso forsna dlígetha remeperthi no is titul in dligid ar chiunn, Wb. 13a29 , similarly 9c1 , 10a12 , 28a11 . beim foirais lessom ánísiu for a remeperthe asrubart riam .i. as hon choimdid forcomnacair a mbrith som isin doiri (gl. A Domino factus est istud ...) Ml. 131c14 , cf. aithbeim forais, 94c13 . beim forois in sin (gl. Et ea per naturam, following descr. of the formations tonstrix, tonstricula from tonsor. Gwynn, KMMisc. 181 , would translate `a statement of principle') Sg. 138a7 . co bráth combad beim forais, SR 6468 (= quasi lex in Israel usque in diem hanc 1 Sam. xxx 25 ). as tusa do raid tosach an cobro, as let beim a foris you began the conversation, it is yours to state the gist of the whole matter ZCP xiii 274.18 . is sí roben beim forais for in lámthorad, LU 10322 = ZCP iii 237.7 . beim forais an aphorism O'Mulc. 578 (see KMMisc. 183 ). indeóin forais something firmly based; a `point d'appui,' fulcrum, base of operations (?): ro múradh ... an toilén ... fo dháigh ná badh carracc cothaighthe ┐ ná budh inneoin ḟorais do dhiberccach é, AFM v 1742.6 . istudh flatha ┐ indeoin forais (of Babylon), CCath. 21 . Of persons: in indeoin forais ┐ an forus breth (of Cicero) ib. 4492 . inneóin ḟoruis Inse Fáil, TD 25.40 . O Cerbhaill ... inneóin forais ┐ uaithne óir na nEileach `anvil of the solidity' AFM v 1408.5 . tabraid for cobais ... rād forais (a statement from the very beginning, an exhaustive account ?) SR 3614 . Cf. further: is cían o tá hi fis ┐ hi f.¤ for tíchtain sund your coming hither has long been a matter of established knowledge LU 1812 ( RC ix 490 ). im Teamhair tír in ḟorais, BB 37b36 . Ard na Riag, raid a foros ` origin ' Metr. Dinds. iii 414 . oldate inna foris di ar n-athraib, Ml. 63c6 (gl. magna a patribus de tuis factis audivimus et maiora [praestolamur]) is almost certainly corrupt. The rendering is Thes. `than the accounts of our fathers' is in any case impossible.

(b) established or fundamental principles of knowledge or science, axioms, apodictic maxims (?): fochmorc foruis (of Ferchertne: investigation of first principles i.e. a final authority ?) Rawl. 108b35 ( RC xxvi 20 ). forus .i. forismus [ = ἀφόρισμος] graece, sermo breuis latine ... unde dicitur : adcomced beim foruis fair [ = O'Mulc. 578 ] nō forus .i. fis for araile ut est is ē in fis in Senchas Mār. is ē in forus Cāin Patraic ┐ Cāin Adomnan , Rawl. 108b36 ff . Cf. foras .i. dligheadh no bunáit. foras chána Adhamnáin, etc., O'Cl. see also under (c) below. a fis, a f.¤, a foirceatol, Ériu iv 146 § 24 . a filidhecht ┐ a f.¤ dhorchaidh `abstruse knowledge' AU iii 572 . a croinicib ┐ a Periges Prescean ┐ a berla forais, BB 488a marg. inf., man. rec. ( IT ii2 96 ). Esp. of legal learning: o Feinib gach foruss, Corm. Y 975 , p. 84 . cach dliged iar f.¤, cach rāth co f.¤ , ACL iii 227.53 . cach f.¤ co slán, cach slan co f.¤ , 60 - 62 (perh. these belong to II). faras ` Reason ' Kirk (gan ḟ.¤ ` unreasonable ' 2 Thessal. iii 2, 1681 = gan chúibhgheas 1602).

(c) hence the principle or enactments of a law, passing occas. into sense of enforcement, sanction (cf. cit. fr. Rawl. 108b above): iss ead in so f.¤ Cana Adomnan ... Oc Birraib forurmed a f.¤ sae for feraib Hērenn, Cáin Ad. 28 . is ed in so f.¤ cána in domnaig, Ériu ii 202 § 20 . f.¤ chano Patricii hi Cruachnibh la Dub da leithi ` promulgation ' AU 782 = AFM 778 . breth ria f.¤, f.¤ ria forba, Cóic Con. p. 30 § 16 (stages in a lawsuit: `Geltend-Erklärung' Thurn., i.e. enforcement of the verdict ?). cēin bīt brethemain fri tasbenad ┐ foros (.i. in fis ōgh asa mberend a brethe), ZCP xii 359.24 . cūlairecht ..., is iat all bis iar g[c]ūl na n-airechta fri breth ┐ f.¤ (.i. fri fīrfis na brethe sin) ib. 17 .

Occurs in late compds. in sense of aged or tried, experienced: foraisbhean .i. bean áosda, O'Cl. na bhforascháirdibh friends of long standing Ó Bruad. iii 192 . forasoglach .i. óglach aosta, O'Cl. ba forasócclach an ionbhaidh sin é ┐ nir bhó túalaing tathugadh a thuath (of an aged chief), Hugh Roe 32.21 (f. 9a) . mna ┐ miondaoine ┐ forusócclaoich old men 124y (f. 33b) . a uaisle, a airigh, ┐ a ḟorusocclaoigh veterans AFM vi 2126.24 .

II A station, resting-place, dwelling. Cf. lethdire foruis, Críth G. 220 . In Laws sometimes glossed by `ārus' and used esp. of a cattle-pound or other place where distrained cattle might be detained (f.¤ n-athgabála), a place appointed for the delivery of animals according to a contract: ni fuil acht tri foruis ann: f.¤ n-acra, f.¤ nditin, f.¤ mbreitheamhun Laws ii 10.24 (glossed .i. tri aruis ib. 27 ). icfai a slan ... a f.¤ to thigi fadein, Bürgschaft 27 § 74c . atdaime for f.¤ ┐ follus ┐ fiadan `Erfüllungsort' 15 § 51b . fuircimsi cobach latsa ar mo chind i maighin an forais, 13 § 44 . fiach domsa huait ... isind f.¤ sa, 15 § 51a . f.¤ fēich, 17 § 52 . raith fuis (.i. raith bis a fosaighecht i f.¤), 41 . f.¤ tuaithe `territory house', Laws iv 302.5 ( Críth G. 57 : `to the appointed place in the territory (?)'; apparently `a public infirmary,' Mac Neill, MacNeill, Law of status 285 ). fer forais `a house-holding man ' (one expl. of `seirthiud') Laws iv 352.1 . ailid fír foirrse an oath requires fixed habitations v 460.16 (= ZCP xvi 270 , but see foirse). atait secht foruis ... arachuille coir n-athgabala ... a n-āin i tech mbriugud, ... cathuir uasalnemid, tech bid fas. Otha suidiu dligi cach f.¤ n-athgabala dia faithce fodesin (i.e. there are seven illegal pounds for cattle; these apart, anyone may detain them in his own green) Laws v 266.19 . a tabairt (na athgabala) ... a f.¤ dona secht forsib, i 288.10 . See also s.v. foíndel (c). Rucus: f.¤ n-athgabāla, i n-alachrích I decided that it was lawful (in the case) to impound beyond the territory Caratnia 49 . dermadach forais forgetful about the place appointed for fulfilling the contract Bürgschaft 31 § 84 .

Defining gen.: seirthiud [sic leg.] .i. oclach do daghcenel no fer forais `a householding man' Laws iv 352.1 . ? cf. sentuindi foraiss, Cóir Anm.² i 103 § 104 (Ed. 7) ​​​. rath foruis, Bürgschaft 28 § 76a ( .i. aga mbi arus, 41 ). .uii. muca co muic ḟorais `domestic boar (?)' Críth G. 90 (a `resident sow' the remaining seven being expendable and replaceable ?). tuirc ḟorais `domestic boars' 195 .

Cf. apad ┐ forais, Cáin Ad. 39 . na .iii. foruis .i. cain ┐ cairde ┐ urrudus, no fogelt ┐ bleith ┐ dithim, H 3.17, c. 4 , 35 ( O'D. 5 ). filidh fíora forusda, f.¤ teora mbreth, breth Féne, breth filedh saoir, breth fuighill, Ériu xiii 32.6 . ... fuigheall fri f.¤ fath, 33y . ? dlighedh do feghar for f.¤ firinnsge, 26.6 .

adj (3 in- + forus) resident, stable ?: is i raith inforais (sic leg.) raith cen imdernam flatha, raith lais-a mbi fotha, Laws v 498.7 . ar is i raith inforais .i. in raith dligthech (i.e. a lawful or sufficient surety), 498.24 Comm. mana roib treabaire inarus aici gl. muna be treabad (leg. treabaire) inforais lais `if he has not a resident surety' (Plummer MS. notes), iv 128.20 Comm. (transltd. `a habitable residence'). foras nach cor ┐ nach cunnra donither fia fiadnaib innracaib acht rop urconn inforais inti doní provided that he who makes it be a sensible resident person, O'Curry 375 (< H 3.18, p. 208b ). ratha inḟorais (sic leg.) .i. trebaire ac a mbi inde forais no inde arais `sureties who have `inde forais' or household wealth,' Laws v 498.22 Comm.

x (see togu). In phr. dar t.¤ against the wishes of, in spite of: is dar mo th.¤ theite, LU 6071 = TBC-I¹ 1598 . atát lim trénfir dodigenat m'íarmoracht cepe nombera dar a t.¤ cen foras mo caingni chucu, LU 10259 = ZCP iii 234.22 (dia raiter togai, v.l.). Cf. 1 turtugud?

n io, n. vn. of 1 do-rorban. Later iā, f.; torba tarbha, IGT Decl. § 3 (p. 44.28) . Also torbud, tarbud.

(a) profit, benefit: torbe ł. forás gl. proreatum, Wb. 11b3 . ní tarcat torbe, 31d10 . a torbae aratorsata, Ml. 42b13 . ced torbe frisateícomnacht, Wb. 19c8 . cid torbae aratorsata ┐ cia gním dugniat inna duli, Ml. 120c7 . do thorbu, Wb. 22b19 . ished torbe nammáa tra ara tobarr labrad ilbelre, 12d29 . inmade .i. níbtá torbe de, 19b10 . act ropocho torbu æcolsa, 13a27 . nitat torbi fri toil dée . is diliu lemm didiu ani as torbae oldaas aní as dílmain, 11b17a . issathorbe feisin són nammá, 12c25 . is torbe sochuide són, 28 . mór saido. becc torbai, Thes. ii 296.4 . fess cech n-aidchi ... tairbi tigi Solamain, SR 7018 . tech fri comdail cech tharbai, 4373 . is torbe dian promam `'tis a profit if we prove it,' Fél. Prol. 143 . ni lugu do foglaib fofechat olldas di thorbu dogniat, Laws v 404.22 . is mo torbud na cor si oldas a n-innruidiu, 286.1 . ni mor airilliud a torbai fri slan na somaine, 250.3 . ar aindi adgaibter torbae iar n-etórbu, i 254.10 . na hindlithe re torba `before they are productive,' i 190.4 . dulbaire torbai `dumb on useful matters,' Tec. Corm. § 16.82 . cia torbo mo accallaim ?, RC iii 345.4 . cia torba lim, ACL iii 296 § 38 . dorat tochmarc ar tharbha, Metr. Dinds. iii 88.5 . ni thaisce ní. | Níba t.¤ , LU 3499 ( SCC 26 ). ni thairce tarba nā somáin do nech, PH 8385 . dēna comann re lucht fedma, ūair dogēbhair tarbha as, ZCP vi 272 § 4 . is de ma dogné tarba `if you make use of it,' Ériu v 116.32 . ni fuil tarba in tachair-sea na Tebi, TTebe 1506 . nach raibe tarbadh na taigheradh there was nothing to gain by keeping him in view, Caithr. Thoirdh. 82.13 . bí tarbha ann gach uile sháothar, Proverbs xiv 23 . messait cāch fri torbha puiplidhi ann fēin ier n-inmhedhōn an tegh so, Fl. Earls 182.5 . an tarbha puiplidhi do chongbáil suass, 92.17 . uachtaráin no breithimh na tarbha puiblidhe of the public weal, Ó Héodhusa 166.17 . i mbéal a tharbha do thoigheacht `before his benefits could be realised,' Studies 1927, 436 § 4 . ar dteachta a dtarbha, Aithd. D. 6.27 . gan tarbha i dtagra rut, 98.32 . tuile gan tairbhe, DDána 75.21 . ní thug toradh na tarbha ar chomhradh na caemrighna ` heed ,' Études Celt. i 79.23 . g s. as adj. profitable, beneficial : cen tlí tarba , SR 6539 . nistailged tairecc tarbha, Metr. Dinds. iii 4.29 . nírbo thaiscid torba, iv 72.40 . nír luaghail tarbha, Aithd. D. 97.24 . As vn. fuair ac Ethar Druim na náighedh | teinidh ac tarba na tréd `to benefit ,' SG 27.26 .

is t.¤ do it benefits: is mór a thorbe de dúnni, Wb. 1a3 . ni torbe do animdibe adchi cách, 2a2 . anastorbe do sochudi dia nícc, 11c6 . ced torbe doib etarscarad etir fria tola, 13c6 . ni torbe do bóu, 30b6 . cote mothorbese dúib mad amne labrar, Wb. 12c36 . nirba tarba ... cathbarr do chind in curad, TTebe 3283 . nī mōr tarbai duit, TBC-I¹ 1085 . ni bia tarba do draidechta duit, PH 2187 . ratharbha dháibh a dhídean, DDána 75.4 . ní tairbhe dhamh teacht, Ériu i 87.1 . nir tarbaidh doibsium sin, MS. Mat. 530.12 .

téit i dt.¤ do profits, benefits: mh'fheidhm i dtarbha gion go dtéid `though my service is useless to Thee,' Dán Dé ix 18 . ar a roimhéad théid i dtarbha, DDána 15.2 . ionnus go rachadh do bhuidheacht ... i dtarbha `ut proficiatur propitiatio ... tua,' TSh. 5070 . téid éinbhiadh amháin i ndochar don easlán ┐ i dtarbha don duine slán, 1112 . mellion amhāin tēit a tt.¤ don diūc `makes one million profit,' Fl. Earls 82.6 .

for t.¤ for a purpose: uair is for tarbai ro-comarléiced dón rig co ro-thechtad claideb, PH 4077.

fri t.¤ for (the) benefit (of): dénaid fri tarba cech druing | arcc amra, SR 4301 . fri tairbe, fri timthirecht, 4536 . mac Dauid fri tarba trén, 7041 . fri ar tarba, 7841 .

dá th.¤ in consequence: do-gēba luach a taisgeda dá tarba, ML² 1495 . dogeibhdiss na daoine uaissle imat ōir ... dia thorbha `in consequence,' Fl. Earls 124.5 .

(b) usefulness, labour, work: nā bud sgēlach cēilidhech, dēna [leg. dēnad ?] t.¤ airm i mbī, ZCP vii 311 § 9 . tanic teirt dénamm tarbai | co rrísam in rigadbai, KMMisc. 148.1 . trī t.¤ isind lo .i. érnaigthi ┐ lubair ┐ legund, ZCP iii 29 § 16. ind lubfur do fodail i trī .i. do thorba fadēine .i. do thorba do luic do neuch bas fīrtóis[c] do, araill do chuit inna mbrāthar, araill do gor ina coimnesam .i. rop d'forcetul nó scrībend nó cecip tarba arnābeither ind espa, § 17. ni fogni laisim fachmarc scel doib acht a torbai frisa tiagad ambain `it is not his usage to ask them for news but to see that they profit in those matters only for which they come,' Mon. Tall. 127.17 .

(c) Laws. useful work, or person (opposed to espa, q.v.) : in t.¤ no in t-esba, Laws iii 96.13 . re heirim n-espa ... re heirim t.¤ , iii 258.15 Comm. isi fagail etgedi a fuil detbir t.¤ ┐ espada co bas ┐ na fuil iar mbás in tespad, O'Curry 230 ( H 3.18, 125 ).