adj o-ā weak, helpless, lacking strength or power; soft, pliant; a weak, helpless person: used in a variety of applications. Of living beings: bean ḟ.¤ , IGT, Decl. § 116 . cf. fann [o, m.] § 96 . bale i ndénta fingal no etualand d'immirt for fannaib, LU 4342 . coibés no sroiglithea in tren ... ┐ in fand, LB 155b50 . dia mbat goirt, bid fann do chlí | fri haíne, ZCP vii 298.18 . intí is trén, nertad in fand, PH 5825 . in chruim rúad trá ba fand ar thús, LU 194 (`was weak' Todd Lect. vi 11 ). pl.: ar faind ┐ ar mná ┐ ar maccaími d'ḟácbáil, LL 263b22 ( MU² 241 ). na faind, LB 155b46 . na fáinn ┐ na truaigh do ḟodhbhadh, RC xxv 392.21 . forrach fann despoiling the weak Lism. L. 4551 . dona dainib fannaibh (= infirmis) 1437 . Lat. Lives 76 . furtuightheóir na bhfann, TSh. 5146 . fanna mila marta `weak are the animals of March' CRR 6 . Of inanimate objects: fid f.¤ (the fig-tree) SR 1363 . fid fand fleascach, Anecd. i 54x . sibhne fanna, IGT, Decl. ex. 1365 . folt fand flescach smooth LU 4231 . ri fairrge faind `the sluggish sea' Metr. Dinds. iii 442 . Druim F. fan fann sreabh, TD 4.18 . cranna fanna (of spear-shafts) LU 9688 (? = fianna, LL 277a37 ). Of a banner: sróll fann re caoil-ḟiodhbhaidh limp (?) GF, Ir. Monthly 1919, 102 . In abstract sense: fand indiu mo beatha, Ériu iv 154.15 . bidh f.¤ a cumang, ZCP viii 110.12 . ní fáth fand not paltry the cause MacCarthy 148 (< LL 127a17 ). ní seolad fand, Anecd. i 69z . cf. ni foccul fandsaide, LL 28a10 where -saide seems to be the anaphoric suff. pron. tola fanna weak passions Ériu ii 55 § 4 . Adv. ro erig cu fand cobsaid, PH 511 . Compar. (+ di): ni ba fainnide do recht no do righe foirne thy rule over us shall be none the weaker D IV 2, 53 [51]r b 33 . Diffident, (?): du breith aesa faind ┐ boirb for seis, Auraic. 737 . IGT, Introd. § 1 . do fubhtad borb ┐ aineolach ┐ do breith aesa fainn for seis dligid, Cóic Con. 26 § 1 . Cf. do cosc (.i. tegusc) fand (.i. aineolach) , ZCP v 486.4 (B. na f.). áos fann .i. áos aineolach no lag, O'Cl. s.v. fainne. Cf. forcedal fann trēn, ZCP vii 298.2 .

Compds.: With subst.: ¤ád ` lowly fortune ' Metr. Dinds. iii 60.79 (: Dallán). ¤bréit a soft or yielding piece of cloth, etc.: na fannbreiti fata ... do ṡítta (i.e. flags) limp (?) CCath. 4929 . ¤chos f. weak leg: fannchosa fiara ... faoi (of a worn-out horse), TSh. 2559 . ¤chosc checking gently: ic fannchosc slóg ra síd seng, Ériu iv 96.2 . ¤éirge? ní fand-éirge dar samlaib, Metr. Dinds. iii 110.11 . ¤fáistine? fiugair na fand-ḟaisdini more, BB 431a39 (= fírfastini LL 230b7 ). ¤gáeth a weak wind, breeze: fidren na fanngaithi, CCath. 5437 . ¤ires feeble faith: faindires ┐ cunntabairt PH 6736 . ¤lige prostration, prostrate lying: i fannligib fola, LL 240a25 ( TTr. 1734 ). ¤ócláech weak (faint-hearted?) warrior: see under fannach. ¤slat weak stem: ar fandṡlataibh foithremla fidbaidi, MR 238.3 . With adj.: ¤chlechtach in limp folds or pleats: inar f., Acall. 5922.470n . folt fainnchlechtach, Fianaig. 58z . ¤chr(a)idech faint-hearted: aos fanncraidec nocurfedh for faenscur (of ghostly sounds) RC xiii 6.8 . gealtán fanncraidech, MR 174.15 . ¤eitech weak-winged: fannitech, O'Mulc. 490 (see fannall). ¤scaílte dispersed, spread in weakness ; of clouds: fraisnella fannscailti `weak, scattered shower-clouds' CCath. 4421 . Of flags: fannbreiti fannscailti, 4929 . Cf. fainnseól.

See fanntaise.

n o, n. later m. (vn. of for-cain). n s. forcetal, Wb. 12c40 . With art.: a forcital , Wb. 3b23 . a s. trissa forcital , Ml. 64c6 . g p. inna forcital, 47d11 .

(a) teaching, instructing, admonishing: gl. institutio, admonitio, eruditio. foircedal (gl. dogma) Ir. Gl. 837 . foirceadal .i. teagasg, O'Cl. With obj. gen. of pers.: f.¤ neich iarna baithius, Wb. 12c40 . forcetul cech duine ... dogní Dia God teaches every one PH 1749 . is ed dlegar don aos gaoth ... forcedal fann trēn, ZCP vii 298.3 . With gen. of thing taught: oc forcetul recto Dée, Cambr. 38a ( Thes. ii 247 ). contuaset fri forcetol bréthre Dé, LU 2164 ( FA 23 = fri precept LB). anmchara ac f.¤ scel, ACL iii 223.22 = ag foircheadal scéal `to expound the gospels' Keat. ii 5356 . Absol. instruction, precept, doctrine: is moíth a forcital, Wb. 19c1 . inna f.¤ (gl. institutionum) Sg. 9a5 . a dula ... dar m'thimna, darm' f.¤ , SR 1396 . dia ngaba mh'ḟorcetul-sa if you follow my advice Anecd. iii 74 . sóifid cách a dán i saíbforcital, RC xxvi 42 § 223 . a saebforcetul (i.e. of the druids) MR 166.21 . cf. co fáthaib fiss fri forcital fēthamail `zur friedlichen Belehrung' ZCP xi 82.24 (E. J. Gwynn suggests that f.¤ here means `deliverance of poetry', Hermathena 1922 p. 91 ff ). techt do Roim ... fri foglaim n-ecnai ... ┐ forcetail, Trip.² 242 . indeall foircheadoil, Ériu xiii 35.28 . na ríagla ┐ na forcetla, Lism. L. 3961 . epistil ... co cāin domnaig ┐ co forcetlaibh maithibh ailibh, AU 886 . bláth óir ara fhoircettlaibh, BNnÉ 281z . Méd an dígbáeidh an forceadal ┐ do-níthear méd an dígbúidh (i.e. the orthodox form ... , the form also in use) IGT III § 64 .

(b) exceptionally learning, studying: luid Cu Culaind do forceatal gaiscid la Scathaig, Ériu i 114.3 (cf. luid do foglaim gaiscid ... la Scáthaig, LU 4835 ). Cf. ga cédfhoirceadal dleaghur do neoch do dhénamh? the first thing one should learn IGT, Introd. § 3 .

n o, m. (? orig. n., see n pl. below) g s. liuin(?), Fianaig. 10 § 4. ZCP x 295.31 . leoin, Lism. L. 3206. d s. león, TBC-LL¹ 4939. ? n pl. -liuna, Ériu viii 173.30 . g pl. len, BCrólige 61 . IGT Decl. § 61.

(a) defeat, hurt, injury, misfortune, sorrow : ar srengail nAileollo asin chath mad fair no maidset nō ar guin Conchobair mad fair bad lēn, TBC-I¹ 3540 (= róen, TBC-LL¹ 5880 ). nocho rabadais lá liúin, LL 6861 (cf. lá madma, 6857 ). l.¤ catha, Acall. 4964 . uathmhar magh a mbia léan, Études Celt. iv 123.2 . trí ata mesa do ḟlaith: l.¤, brath, míairle defeat(?), Triads 243 (`sloth'). imonrōiraid, bāg ma liūin, / totim la hóga aniūil fight of my defeat(?), Fianaig. 10 § 4 (leg. immonróirad, ed.). bruig Banba fo l.¤ / ni scél crotha caín, LU 9881 . domrigne losc l.¤ , LL 18583 ( PRIA xix 548 § 26 ). cuibiur Glindi Ridi . . . / on gaeith acher dogeip len, RC xi 131.50 . noco torchair Cormac cas / gan len ar a aireachus `with his sovereignty unimpaired', ZCP xi 42 § 23. ar do ḟlaith cen lēn (to God), ACL iii 232 § 7 . is mairg aṅces a bidbaid / inn inbaid do chora i ll.¤ when he is defeated, LL 18456 ( PRIA xix 544 § 19 ). mo chomergi-sea assin león ┐ assin chess i rraba, TBC-LL¹ 4939 . atchiu ár ar Eoganchaib / atchiu l.¤ ar Aidnechaib, SG 373.23 . cēn gair cech fān imthéit lēn `sooner or later every wandering comes to grief', Ériu ix 48 § 23 (tr. s.v. fán). bad (= bat) frialmach debtha . . . arna tormastar fort iliuna len lighe so that the many sufferings of the sickbed may not be added to you(?) (reading tormasatar . . . il-liuna lēn-lighe), viii 173.30 (cf. phr. lige líuin below). les-ainm lenus .i. inní is len no is lista leis do radha ris `grievous', Laws v 230.3 Comm . Cf. i 192.1 Comm . is fír ég Í Eidirsceoil, / l.¤ na gcrich d'a chomhatmáil, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 328.13 . cen len cen erchra forru, PH 4126 . feasach mé ar bhás Uí Dhuibhne / ní doilghe liom léan oile, Oss. iii 296.10 . cen labra len, Lism. L. 2137 (: scēl). an léan fhuair gé do fhidir though He knew the grief she had suffered, DDána 69.11 . a chros ós chionn na leirge, / tuar leoin dar lucht aoincheirde, 65.10 . Cf. 8.8 . rí . . . / nar airigh léan budh léan dó, PBocht 16.9 . creach ar chreich an t-ég-sin Airt / l.¤ ar l.¤ , L. Cl. A. B. 257.138 . a n-uabhar súd, a rúin, na hagair / ní 'sa mhó ar na leointibh laga, Ó Bruad. i 46 xliv . Attrib. g s. ? a .h. chuind a charbat leanaim leoin acuing etc. injury-inflicting (?), IT iii 85 § 78. oglaich liuin ┐ laich leadartha, MR 288.11 . In phr. lige lén (líuin, léoin) sick-bed, state of being injured or ill : ina otharli(u)g[i]u len `on his sick-bed of pain', BCrólige 61 . ? Cf. liun no len .i. toiscidh lesugtha no leptha ut est na bī meirg miliun (miliuin, v.l.) .i. mitoiscid no milesaighthi no mileptha no milen ┐ faill, O'Dav. 1150 . toirberis maolduirne meince fair . . . ┐ do fagaibh 'na luighi liuin ar lár an atha é, ZCP x 295.31 . ō domrala i llige leōin, Sitzungsb. Pr. Akad. 1918, 371 § 1 . na roscurthea int ech . . . / noco lessed lige líuin `till he should lie down forwearied', Metr. Dinds. iv 66.107 . isin luighe liúinn ┐ lanesláinte, Ériu v 88.37 . Cf. viii 173.30 cited above.

In later lang. in phrases expressing grief, dismay: mo léun tu, a Oisín, uaim! alas that I have lost thee, Oss. iv 246.8 . buain na craoibhe, mo lá leóin, Studies 1926, 77 § 2 . mo léan-sa . . . / saobhadh do chéadfaidh, Keat. Poems 557. mo léan nach faicim a shamhailt, 1469 . mo lá léin-se, a Éire . . . / an chréim seo . . . do thárla leat, Hackett xv 1 . tug gan treóir mílidhe is mná / lá leóin ar tírine thú thy loss is our land's calamity, IGT Decl. ex. 1322.

(b) idleness, sloth, inertia (?): féil fir nád char corplén, Fél. June 22 . anmchara ac forcetal scēl, / senchaid lessaiges cen lēn, ACL iii 223.22 . celebram is cuimrigem / cen lobra, cen lēn, 314 § 22. hi teirt roguidset cen l.¤ / na tri mec ┐ Danhél, KMMisc. 148.9 . is ed dlegar don aos gaoth / . . . / . . . airnaighthe nād lēn / ┐ forcedal fann trēn, ZCP vii 298.2 .

(c) Of persons one who is unable to defend himself (or his interests) because of his youth, debility, etc.: nī lūad nach liūin `it is not the praise of any weakling', Misc. Hib. 43 (: Briūin). nochon ḟuilgitis na liūin / buille Fergusa fortriūin, ZCP viii 217 § 9 (cf. meicc beca, § 8 ). In legal context infant, minor : ni haclaidh selb tuinidhi liuin na labra na ainbfis, O'Curry 2470 ( Eg. 88, 38a ) .i. nocha tabair aclaidh ar in liuntach, arin mac bec, O'Curry 428 ( H 3.18, 233a ). Note also: cóic ingena ind láich, nár liúin `of the hero, who was no sluggard', Metr. Dinds. iii 88.17 . mo dhá dhaltán níorsad liúin, Content. i 1 . nirb obair liúin ro-dus-clái `no idle man's work', Metr. Dinds. iii 122.42 .

The follg. exx. could be referred to either (a) or (b): Cormac cen l.¤ , LU 4173 (`free from sorrow', Metr. Dinds. ii 14.57 ). tosach lubra l.¤ , Anecd. iii 16.18 . ferr lēn lubra, 20.2 . cid canat tonna, toirm trén, / cen nach l.¤ (cheville), SR 7898.

Compds. ¤alt: loingsigh co len-alt (: mēlacht) `sorry plight', Misc. Hag. Hib. 28.16 . ¤lige sick-bed, see Ériu viii 173.30 cited above.