n iā, f. (acarb) harshness, severity; roughness: tre chosc co n-acarbi, Wb. 27c6 . etir in nacarbai gl. et acerbitatem, Ml. 59a19 . cosc can acgairbe on oite for in dalta, Laws ii 348.22 Comm. = agairbe, v 96.22 Comm. fogeib ainmine ┐ a.¤ ón Chomdid, LU 2126 ( FA 19 . ) turus daine craibtheach cucad co n-agairbe fort, Ériu viii 122.24 . dúire ┐ accairbe in forcetail rechtaide, PH 3472 . ara n-acairbi (of hair), ZCP xviii 296.1 . d'aggairbe shín na haidche so stormy was the night, RC xxiii 420.2 . re hagairbi a imthechta, TTebe 314 .

n iā, f. (anmchara) function of a confessor; relation of a penitent to a confessor: eter chrābud ┐ léigend ┐ a.¤ , Ériu i 218 § 3 . techt do Roim L. fri foglaim n-ecnai . . . ┐ forcetail ┐ anmchairdi, Trip.² 242 . nicon arroet . . . duine . . . do anmchairdiu, Mon. Tall. 135.22 (§ 23) . dolluid alaili túati do frecmurc anmchardi dosom, 134.23 (§ 21) . teít si didiu do gabáil anmcharddi, LL 280a6 ( SG 415.3 ). bia-sa fo t'anmcharde, 28 ( ib. 21 ). conid andso anmcharde Dé oldás anmcharde dóine, 282a29 . atbath ceann na hanmcairde, AFM ii 644.14 . Perh. also: conoiscet sreth anmcaide, O'Dav. 470 .

old vn. of benaid (see GOI § 735 ) act of striking; wounding: is líach a bith, LU 6932 (BDD) ( a orguin, 7008 ). bith .i. guin, Lec. Gl. 53. b.¤ .i. guin, O'Cl. bith hail le ni na hail (etym. gloss on biaill) ` wound ', Laws i 140.1 Comm. bith, guin, Eg. Gl. 708.

Usually fo (later also ar, do, tre) b.¤ , bíthin (later appar. bithin) as preposition and conjunction.

I As prep. because of, on account of, for the sake of, lit. under the stroke of , cf. GOI § 858 : fo b.¤ soíre ceneiuil inna ngrec gl. honoris causa suae gentis, Sg. 40a4 . fo b.¤ gl. pro, 198a20 . fo bíith precepte dóib, Wb. 9b19 . fo bith inna soebapstal, 18d1 . fo bar mbíd-si `on account of you', 23d11 . fubíthin creitme ria cách, Thes. ii 240.19 (Ardm.). fobithin iond forcetail `because of the instruction' (according to ?), Mon. Tall. 129.1 . fo chen duit . . . fo b.¤ na mná, LU 3430 ( SCC 20 ). fo b.¤ na fortacht ┐ na hícce, PH 6263. fo bith taisi na naem indti (of díre due to a `vacant' church), Laws v 124.25 Comm. ar bithin eiccni tuc T. ara derbshiair-si, TTebe 1862 . ar bhithin einigh Ferghusa, ZCP viii 551.11 . dobhithin na gona doradais form, BS 146.10 . do bhithin (: bhfrithir) doirre Domhnuill `because of D.'s displeasure', TD 15.8 . bedgaid do bhithin (: chrithir) a chráid, O'Gr. Cat. 461.15. dá bhíth because of it, Measgra D. 57.2 . dia bhíthin sin `for that reason', Fl. Earls 122.24 . da bhithe sin, Luc. Fid. 3990. trí bhíthin do bráthbémmend[a] by (means of), TBC-LL¹ 6012. tre bítin an credme sin, RC xvii 154.18 (Tig.). tre bithin gaoil do beith aca fria cele, BNnÉ 322 § 28 . trena bithin `through his means', TTebe 4149 . fo bith tabarta do chách a chomraime ┐ a gascid for the purpose of giving, LU 3229 ( SCC 2 ).

II As causal conj. ( GOI § 905 ) because, for, since: fo bith is taipe inso, Ml. 14d4 . fo bithin arachiurat `because they will perish', 59b9 . fo b.¤ is nephchorpdae són, Sg. 107a1 . absidias .i. circulos .i. fubíth dongníat cercol, BCr. 18d2 . fobith nád comthoet `o' in `is' `because they do not convert `o' into `is',' Sg. 163a1 . fob. ṅoenaigedar a cialla ar chinn, 172a4 . fobithin ní mór tolnathar di día `because . . . is not greatly pleasing to God', Mon. Tall. 134.19 . fo b.¤ no bíid, LU 5079 = fo bithi (-i later, edd.), TBC-I¹ 593. fo bith is ditaithme `because it is irrevocable' (of a prescriptive right), Laws v 314.20 . fó bh.¤ as beg lenus Iosa Críosd, RSClára 142b . ar bith ba slúagad baga dó in sluagad, TBC-LL¹ 462.

Extended forms: dobīthin gur uo hēiccen dōip, Fl. Earls 24.27 . fobithin ar na fodlat ind tuati `because the lay folk do not distribute', Mon. Tall. 141.14 . fó bith ar is d'óenóentaib bátar . . . hi cend Ulad, LU 3446 ( SCC 22 ). ? an tan atusa do niort . . . do fiondfasa ar bhithín on att dhealbh troch fort, ZCP x 293.11 . uair (= ar) bhithin on am cnethach croilinteac[h], 291.28 .

Rarely as final conj.: fo bithin co ro cuiredh si Brian tar muir `in order that she might send B.', RC xxiv 176.12 . fob. na rucad gubreith, Ériu iv 24.23 . ar bithin nach helodis uatha, TTebe 3874 .

( GOI § 119 )

I Adj. o, ā deaf: buidir gl. surda (aure), Ml. 38c15 . amal nathracha bodra gl. sicut aspides surdae, Tur. 11. bodhar (boghar, MS.) gl. surdus, Ir. Gl. 604. b.¤ .i. a pudore , Corm. Y 165. O'Mulc. 163. buidir amlabair a mmathair ┐ a n-athair, LL 13355 ( RC viii 52.4 ). co ro-shlanaigead a mac dall b.¤ amlabar, PH 1319. co n-adrad na hidla bódra, 967 . aroli daill, aroli buidir ┐ baccaig, 2491 . do shlanaigh se daine boghra, Smaointe B. Chr. 1914. i ndíol . . . na ndée mbodhar mbalbh do chor ar gcúl, TSh. 6085. Fig. ba-sa bodhar foglime i findfocluib fis, ZCP xii 365.19 . bodra forcetail `deaf to instruction' (of women), Tec. Corm. § 16.67 . nirba bodur (bodhar, boghar, bouthar, etc., MSS.) frit guidi `be not deaf to prayer to thee', Ériu i 199.5 . ris an droing do bheir cluas bhoghar do ghuth ┐ do ghairm Dé `who give a deaf ear to', Donlevy 218.20 .

Of sound indistinct (?); rough, grating (?): ní hinnte ata an guth bodhar `a confused tone' (a harp), Manners and Customs iii 357 n.405 . is bogar in fogur bís aigi (= rauce sonat), Rosa Angl. 74.23 . Of mist: tre chiachaib bodra brena buaidirthi dim (?), TTebe 597 .

II As subst. o, m., ā f. deaf person: trí buidir in betha: robud do throich, airchisecht fri faigdech, cosc mná báithe do drúis `deaf ones', Triads 83 . Ri cos tuctha da galar / bodor ┐ amlabar, SR 7634. oc ic dall ┐ bacach ┐ b.¤ `healing the blind . . . and deaf', Trip. 174.2 . do-s-bera . . . etsecht do bodruib, PH 2270. im dingbail mic . . . di buidir (.i. in ben bodur, 140.33 Comm. ), Laws i 124.21 . In n. loc. i nGlind na mbodur, Laws i 1.4 .

Compds. tainic . . . ┐ a tri bodharbheicedha ass three deafening cries (Sjoestedt), RC xliii 78.16 . i richt bratáin bodair-chinn, Rawl. B 512, 98b (cited Contribb. 234 ). Síol Eoghain gan áird 's an Tál-fhuil bodharchlaoidhte `stricken dumb' (Gloss.), Keat. Poems 47. bodurfuamann compur na triath ┐ na trenfer ic tuitim `confused sounds', CCath. 5940. bodharghuth lag laoigh dull cry (of lowing of a calf), Measgra D. 5.17 . bodharghuth `a deafening voice', P. O'C. a Domhnaill . . . bodhurghruganaigh bodhurmedlanaigh harsh and surly (?), IT iii 98 § 160. a bodarshāith d'usci na Sábrainde `his fill of the muddy water of the Lee', MacCongl. 17.24 . do bodarusci, 19.11 .

n iand ī, later i and ā Ériu xliii 1 . f. (Lat. quaestio). See GOI §§ 35 , 923 . In O.Ir. glosses n d s. c.¤ , g s. cestae, n a p. cesti. Later with n s. cest ( BDD² 451 = c.¤ , LU 6900 ), g s. and n a p. cesta, ceiste, g p. cest. So IGT Decl. § 42 . In Mid. Ir. also with cesta(i) throughout sg. ( LU 2575 , RC viii 356.26 ). a p. ceastanna, 1 Kings x 3 . g p. cesta, LL 17729 . cestann, O'Curry 2442 ( Eg. 88, 36a ).

(a) question, problem, enquiry : imbresna et cesti gl. uerbís contendere, Wb. 30b5 . c.¤ amirissech inso gl. quomodo resurgunt mortui? 13c19 . inna cestae sin gl. questioni, Ml. 37c16 . immon c.¤ so, Vita Br. 42 . hi tucu ch.¤ ndoraid ndil, Thes. ii 293.25 . sluinfet duít ceastaib coraib cudruma, IT iii 90.3 . munabdís examhla cesda nibdís examhla bretha, Ériu xiii 22.12 . freagra do cheasd, Ir. Syll. Poetry 39 § 4 . is do chestaib in tṡenchais aided Taidc, RC xxiii 310.13 `one of the (doubtful) questions of history', 339.19 . tráchtaid in t-apstal in cesta sin, xxv 238.3 . i ló na gceasd Judgment Day, Celtica iv 123 § 18 . lia cesta canoine na canoin `the questions of the canon are more numerous than the canon itself', Laws iii 32.8 Comm. air Cheastaibh an tSein-reachta, TSh. 3402 . mar tugadh annsin dochum ceasda é for questioning, Parrth. Anma 5399 .

cest described as an `iarmbérla', Auraic. 1308 .

In alliterative phrases: c.¤ ┐ caingen, PH 9 (see caingen). coblidhi ┐ c.¤ , Stair Erc. 1303 .

With verbs (see also érned II, érnid I; fuaslucad (d); 1 íccaid II (c); túaslucud (c), etc.): fagabar uaib óenfer chomallas frimsa in c.¤ immá tú, LU 9208 ( FB 93 ). i ndiaidh gach ceasta dár chuiris `questions', PBocht 14.44 . cuirim gach ceisd ort mur ghráin task, Duan. F. ii 244 § 19 . dobeir cesti do chách gl. languens circa questiones, Wb. 29b5 . do rat a gc.¤ misi de / fā dhāltaibh na hingine, Feis Tighe Chonáin 1313 . d'etergleod a cesta, LU 8561 ( FB 42 ). finnamár dan do ch.¤ , 9212 ( 94 ). roiarfaigeadh sin ceasta doib, TTebe 903 . amal duberad nech hi c.¤ do Duaid . . . gl. si . . . cúr? Ml. 55d11 .

Used as a question marker: ní hedh mh'ainm ámh ... ceist? ... Fer Penn Brúach 'that is indeed not my name ... what is? ... Fer Benn Brúach', CMT² 48.417, cf. 48.422 . ceist tra et mulieres cid dogénat sidi hi [= in] pridchabat?, Wb. 13a13 . ceist ol sisi cia th'ainmsiu, LU 10774 (TE). ceist ciasi ord fil forna psalmu, inn ord toinivda fa int ord frescabala fa ind ord cetail, Hib. Min. 196 . ceist, a gillai forcetail, cisi chonar dollodsu?, RC xxvi 28.108 . ceist cena ... cid as áil dúib?, MU² 332 . See 6 ces, cesc.

(b) In more general sense of trouble, anxiety, apprehension etc.: dosgní Coirpre iarnamáirech c.¤ moir desin cu mba bronach, Corm. 30.15 . rombá-sa tra . . . a c.¤ ┐ a cumtabairt móir, Sc.M² R 4 (i n-imshnīm, v.l.). ro fás c.¤ mór ag Finn don ghním-sin, Fianaig. 56.14 . le ceisd Tuaithi dé Danann, Acall. 932 . robdar imdae a cesta `problems', Ériu iv 126.11 . do réir a hannsochta d'Íosa / uirre riamh go roibhe a c.¤ `her grief was proportionate to her love', PBocht 112 § 27 . ní ceisd codal ar chneidh sláin, DDána 108.8 .

With prepp.: ar chuir dá ceann ní ceisd dó, DDána 91.14 (`displeases him not', Ir. Monthly 1919, 399 ). an bhean dar cheisd cosg an uilc, 32.2 . ba c.¤ mór la hUltu, IT i 139.9 . leo ba c.¤ (cheville), SR 3455 . ba ceisc la F. was troubled(?), BB 238a20 . ro bo ch.¤ for Ultu dono aní sin the U. didn't know what to do about that, LU 8390 ( FB 26 ). fail sund gabuil cethri ṁ-bend / do ch.¤ for feraib hErend, TBC-LL¹ 722 . bean ar nar cheisd clú `unanxious for her fame', PBocht 22 § 33 . C. . . . / ar nar ch.¤ uamhan éaga `whom fear of death troubled not', Keat. iii 752 . is ceisd oruinn eol Banbha, DDána 74.1 `we long for guidance through B.', Ir. Monthly 1919, 283 § 1 . níor ch.¤ ort, a Dhúilimhse / dealbh ai-eoir ┐ uisge it was no trouble to you, Aithd. D. 57.8 . ba cest iccon claind sin nach fuaradair nech ri n-aithesc i n-airecht in arrig, BB 238b17 .

In phr. ar ch.¤ with Vn. or dep. clause: ar c.¤ ammuis longpuirt do thabairt orra `from the danger of (= in case of) a camp attack being made upon them', ALC ii 294.10 . ar cheasta go `for fear that', ACL i 158.2 . See Gadelica 302.5ff. , Duan. F. iii 237 . air cesta gu n-dighnedh tuilledh orra in case (lest) he should do, AU iii 602.1 . lé ceasda áon-laoch do[d] thabhairt-si for fear that any champion should marry thee, Eachtra na gCuradh 69.10 (Leabh. ó Láimhsgr. i). le ceastain mé beith búidheach, Tribes of Irel. 68.3 .

o late vn. of comalnaithir (see comalnad (-ll-), con-alla). Rarely comal. comhall m., IGT Decl. § 11 (54.12) . Verbs § 65 . See O'Rahilly, Ériu xiii 174 . act of fulfilling, carrying out, discharging (a duty, obligation, etc.); fulfilment, observance: do chomoll recht is riagla, LL 26831 . cen ch.¤ crabuid, 1264 . c.¤ cech uilc, Tec. Corm. 14.20 v.l. (comallad, text). cin comull na set . . . ro ingeall failing to produce, Laws ii 264.z Comm. comull sollaman .i. comtinol bi[id] ar cind na sollaman fulfilling the requirements of the festival, 358.3 , 26 Comm. minab tualaing a comhall (of fasting), Ériu xix 8 § 9 . fa c.¤ cāna, xviii 60 § 11 . fri comull forcetail brethri Dé, PH 8232 . c.¤ inár tengthaibh fulfilment, Acall. 120 . do-bēr dō rē c.¤ sin grian ┐ ēsga for the fulfilment of that (pledge), ML² 1390 . déanadh Chríosd comhall an ghaoil `may Christ fulfil His kinship duties', Dán Dé xxii 5 . a gcomhall do na cliaraibh / ó Cholam fulfilling the demands of (?), DDána 72.12 . Cf. gach comhall síotha dá dtugdaois dá n-ollamhnaibh, Keat. i 4.19 . ní ḟuil maith isin domhan acoind acht comull caradraidh amáin, CCath. 1676 .

Elliptically: fúair Remann bráighde úatha fre c.¤ don rí for the fulfilling (of his oath), Expugn. Hib. § 76 . gur sheol duid comhall don chiort `to fulfill all justice(?)', PBocht 18.23 . each ceatach cruaidh gan chomhall `unruly', Aithd. D. 91.1 . conustard a óighréir ndó . . . ┐ aitire fri comhall dogrés, Hugh Roe² 56.16 .

n io m. g s. daltai, dalta. d s. daltu, dalta. n p. daltai, dalta; daltaide, daltada ( ACL iii 5. 28 ). d pl. daltaidib ( SG 42. 1 ). a p. daltu, dalta.

I A foster-son, fosterling, nursling, ward (under the care of an 1 aite or a muim(m)e); with do of. Transl. Lat. alumnus. Frequent in the Laws (see the Law of Fosterage, ii 146-193). ised ícus in taite inn frisin dalta, Laws ii 154. 10 . ┐ mac dia muinntir ón aite don daltu, ib. 13 . a aite ┐ a dalta, ib. 162. 21 . itir in aiti ┐ in dalta, 162. 25 , 176. 9 . is annso on is diles in iarruidh uile don aite cid marb in dalta re ndiailtir, ib. ii 172. 3 . in dalta, 174. 1 , 2 . in imurcraidh bídh ┐ étaigh rochaithistur in taite risin dalta, 176. 10 . is indles in iarraidh don aite ó ferfuither ainm cneidhe arin dalta, 180. 8 . lethfiach foru aite ┐ foru muime cacha cneidh ferfuit bera ┐ sleagha forin dalta, 182. 16 (similarly 192. 23 , cf. 184. 17 , 192. 25 ). gach dalta co diailtre cach felmac i naimsir daire, 288. 6 dalta fria a muimig fithithair fria fealmac, 344. 4 . dígail dalta na fine, iv 254. 15 . in dalta ┐ in gormac, ib. 16 . dalta coitchenn don ḟine uile...dalta daonduine, ib. 30 . Lugaid Réoderg dalta Conculaind fil...oc urgartigud a aiti .i. Conculaind, SCC 24 . gebid (Cuculaind) for tecosc a daltai, ib. alt Deichtire in mac ... ba saeth mor la D.¤ a dalta do écib (díth a daltai LU) CCC 4 Eg. am tualuing mu dalta (acc. or gen.), ib. 7 Eg. ( IT i 142. 2 ). Cua Cendmar dalta Boibli, RC xvi 273. 1 . rofóided cech dalta dia daltaib dia comét, ib. 5 . ropo dalta co ndallchéill, ib. 11 . do (refers to Fergus) daltasu andso ┐ dalta Ulad ┐ Chonchobair bharchena Cuchulaind mac Sualtaim, TBC-LL¹ 6058 . dí batar daltaide na muca diamtar dóine, Dinds. 71 . bid dalta (alumpnum Lat. text) damsa in mac so, Lat. Lives 102. 1 . Duach dalta Dedaig, MacCarthy 149. 9 , 302. 13 . Gallua ┐ Pison .i. a dalta, ib. 306. 14 . Cathal mac Aodha dalta muintire Raghailligh who was educated in the house of O'Reilly O'Don. Suppl. METAPH. (a) dalta forcetail , Mart. Don. Nov. 13 . dalta Dé a spiritual fosterling : romuchadh dalta Dé an comarba, AFM iii 310. 11 (= ALC i 362. 20 ). i néraic mo dalta Dé do losccadh libh, ib. 15 . gurab amlaid sin fuair éraic a dhalta Dé uathaib, ALC i 364. 21 . (b) a pet child, pet, fondling, lover .—MOD. dalta a pet, a term of endearment. Cf. bronndaltae, bruinnedaltae.

II A pupil, disciple (of an aite). Paulus et Timotheus, gl. dalte side dosom he was a pupil of his (sc. of Paul), Wb. 23 a 11 . do munud a dalti, ib. 24 d 10 . 24 d 11 . (Clemens) dalte Petir, ib. 24 a 37 . gratia misericordia et pax a Deo Patre, gl. sainred do daltu anisiu quia asper fuit , ib. 27 d 18 (Ep. ad Timoth.). fácab Pátricc a daltae nand Benignus a ainm, Ardm. 17 a 2 ( Thes. ii 238. 15 ). Aimergin Gluingeal in file dalta Cai Cainbrethaig eiside, Laws i 20. 2 . imud fesa na fogluma on oidi dun dalta, ib. v 56. 28 . isí lánamnacht aithfégtar idir in oiti ┐ in dalta .i. forcetal gan díchleith ┐ cosg gan agairbe ón aiti forin dalta, ib. 96. 22 . iarfoacht a dalta dó ciaso ṡén bái forin ló, TBC-LL¹ 1108 . Cathbad drúi búi oc tabairt dá daltaib...┐ ocht ndalta do aes in dána druidechta na farrad. iarfacht dia aiti, &c. , ib. 1070 .— Siluester...dalta don uasalṡacart do Chiríne essium, PH 280 . ba holc lais (i.e. la Ermogenies) a dalta (i.e. Filétus) dia ḟacbáil, ib. 2197 (for dalta: descipul l. 2174 ), cf. 2200 . Clemint .i. dalta Petair (cf. Wb. 24 a 37 ), PH 3201 . ropud ferr lium bás d(ḟ)aguáil oldas mo dalta (cf. l. 7208 ) do marbad, ib. 7216 . arna daltadhaibh foghluma, Keat. ITS iv 72. 94 .

COMPS. mac-daltae. macdalta Ailella ┐ Medba TBC-LL¹ (Y) 1146 . bronn-daltae brundaltae bosom-fosterling, a fondling . ba hairithe lesin airdrig a brundalta baidhe do brontiughbhádhúgh báis, MR 112. 2 . Aobh Aoife ┐ Ailbhe .i. trí hinghiona Oiliolla Arann ┐ mo thri bronn-daltadha féin, Atlantis 116. 17 . OCL 3. 13 . common epithet of St. John , Otia ii 94 . PH 1454. 6680 . bruinne-daltae id. Contribb. 277 . PH 8421 . TFrag. 112. 14 . prím-daltae chief-disciple, epithet of Luke : Lucas...primdalta Póil apstail PH 5396 . 5636 .—DIM. daltán, dailtín, q.v.

MOD. dalta, pl. daltaidhe.

n (= 2 día): drúchta dea .i. ith ┐ blicht, Corm. 451 Y. Corm. Tr. 57 . drúchta déa, O'Cl. for soilsi (sorchi, soirci, v.ll.) samluain … for druc[h]tu dea (.i. ith ┐ blicht .i. ceneili forcetail) 'on the light of a summer-moon … on dews of a goddess (that is, corn and milk, that is, types of learning)' Imm. in dá Th. § 113 , § 115 . soirche samlūain eter drūchtæ dē āth 'the light of a summer moon among the dews of a goddess of fords' BDC 142.619 . See also drúcht.

n iā, f. (dúr) d s. durai, Ml. 62a26 . a s. dúire (: glúni), SR 7910 (: gluine), 3465 : d s. duri (: glúni), 2090 .

Hardness, inflexibility (lit. and fig.): ail side ar a dure a rock for his hardness, Hy. ii 37 Comm. ( Thes. ii 316.45 ). adhamant ar dh.¤ , PH 8178 . carrac ar d.¤ , 8269 . claidib crōda cona nduire, Metr. Dinds. iii 473 n. 109 . Esp. of character hardness, dogged resolution: dúre na Saxan snámach, ZCP i 112 . rostairbir a dduiri den | ar airmitiu a Duleman, SR 1391 . nír ba hinmain risin n-athair é ar a dh.¤ ` dourness ', SG 391 . in chóraid . . . co n-imbud a nd.¤ , Fél. Prol. 66 . d.¤ dhoitheagaisg, TSh. 5511 . for d.¤ cride ┐ menman, PH 3556 . Rigour, austerity: d.¤ in forcetail rechtaide . . . cennsa in forcetal shoscelta, PH 3472 . d.¤ chrábaid hÉrenn Fobur Féichín, Triads 22 . la dúiri a chrābuid, ZCP ix 457 . Of obstinate fighting: nír theich neach dibh o chele re dúirí na deabtha, BB 27a27 . níor mhothuighsiod an fhairrge ag teacht fútha re d.¤ an chathuighthe, Keat. i 184 . ? sab duire dremna, O'Dav. 596 , 1433 . Transf. of appearance: ar d.¤ a drochdelba, Ériu iv 102 = dúre, LL 4627 . Perh. pl. in: a catha ┐ a comrama, a dúiri, a drobela ` her hardihood' (dourness ?), Ériu iv 146 . See dúra.

adj (1 dúr) hard, inflexible (of moral qualities): cid dúrdae (durda, -dai, -du, dúrda, v.l.) a chride, Fél. Ep. 194 . d.¤ fri comull forcetail , PH 8232 , 8268 . fer dúrdha dodaing, Ériu v 152 .

earlier erndaili, f. (vn. of ar-condla)

(a) a part, share: earnail .i. ...cuid no roinn, O'Cl. earnail .i. rann, Lec. Gl. 409 . a n-ernail buair ┐ braite their share of cattle and booty TBC-LL¹ 2432 (= TBC-I¹ 1773 ). ocht fichid ban, ba si a n-ernail din brait, TBC-I¹ 3072 = básed a n-ernail, TBC-LL¹ 4945 . ní rothomail C. nách hernail mbic dia n-irthorad Fél.² lxi 39 . Cf. for h'ernail dochum maithiusa thy participation in goodness = thy inclination towards goodness (?) PH 8215 .

(b) division, branch, class, category; kind, species: earnail .i. gné, O'Cl. da ernail .i. da fir-dedail, Auraic. 448 . cisi erndail di ernailib na canoine forta na psalma? to which division of the Canon do the Psalms belong? Hib. Min. 3. 61 . ataat deora erndaili forsin canoin, 3.63 (= tres ordines, see note, p. 88 ). Cf. oc cetul a shalm...for aillib ┐ annalaib ┐ ernalib, MacCongl. 13.11 . atat dí ernail for in almsain, PH 5968 . atat di ernail forsin beithi-luis-nin, .i. feadha ┐ taebomnai, Auraic. 392 (da erndail v.l. 2781 ). 312 . sé hernaili déc na filidechta...saigid ┐ ascnam ┐ huaim do rind, etc., divisions, elements ZCP vi 262.23 = IT iii 29 . is í in almsain in tres ernail na fírinde = eleemosyna tertia species iustitiae est PH 5967 . immud anbthine na peni iar n-ernailib ecsamlaib, FA 1 (LB). ro fhoghlaimset draidheacht ┐ ilcerda...gombtar fesach ina n-erndailib `in the branches thereof' Leb. Gab.(i) i 142.20 . crand dognid torad ┐ no thechtadh gach sil doreir a earnaili, BB 15b8 = Lec. 528a [gan sil BB]. ni aca ernail dhatha ná rabi and, etir glas ┐ gorm ┐ derg, etc. TTr.² 879 . cia hernail aisti triasa ndernad in Feilire? Ni ansa. rindaird, Fél. Pref. 14. 1 . frisin ernail airigthi don aisti seo dianad ainm reidrindard, 14.7 . ni con gabmait-ne nach n-ernail indmas any sort of wealth PH 2029 . cen nach n-ernail aithrige do denam, 6437 . badar tri hernaili do ix n-earnailibh na draidechta leis `three of the nine kinds of augury' CCath. 932 . mór do ernailibh bais many kinds of death 2081 . in ernail tanaise for Páis in Choimded sund secundum Mathaeum here follows a second version PH p. 124 . Hence item, specification, of individuals, things, etc., which have just been or are about to be specified: cethri hernaile beiris in athgabail for tullata four things (circumstances; conditions) cause a distress to be immediate Laws i 212x Comm. mas i naimsir lobtha tancutur na hernuile sin riu these occurrences (just specified) ii 8.3 Comm. coig ernaili as a mberar in breth .i. a roscad, a fasach, etc., `five sources from which judgment is drawn' v 8.22 Comm. cuic earnaile ata lan-eneclann: lan-aer ┐ glam diccind, etc., five classes (of offence) 234.11 Comm. ; 512.18 Comm. (arnaile); 452.5 Comm. (airnaile). iv 216.20 Comm. nách ernail péne dibsin, PH 2554 . do muccaib ┐ d'aigib alta ┐ d'ernail cacha fíada olchena (category of every game = every class of game) LU 127a 37 . nár baithestar hernail cecha forcetail immad na peccad `no kind of teaching lessened the abundance' PH 8250 . nemopthach fri hernail cech uilc, 8182 . i n-ernail cech uilc 8092 . 8135 . ar ernail gach uabhair every kind of pride ZCP x 347.35 . tárraidh...iomatt óir ┐ ionnmhais ┐ gach ernaile ele baoi lasna hE., AFM v 1742.4 .

v also with unlenited -g-, and d- may replace f-, see IGT, Verbs § 93 . 3 pl. pret. do fiachadar, Lib. Flav. i 32va 12 . The stem féig- also occurs (cf. féig, SR 6122 . LU 4123 ). The relation of these forms to O. Ir. do-éccai is obscure. Perhaps there was an O.-Ir. fégaid scrutinizes (cf. féig `keen' ?) which became confused with do-écci. Cf. comfechinn (gl. ut contuerer) Ml. 113b9 . In: nad cuicsedar .i. nad fegar `that it be not taxed or examined ' (gl. uult ... non ... taxari) 0 36a38, the form is apparently pass. pres. ind. of a primary verb. One would expect the subj. Cf. fegar fri ndirie, ZCP xii 402.12 . coic conara fugill fegaiter (v.l. aithfegar) and `die fünf Urteilswege [sind es] die da gemustert (spezifiziert) werden' Cóic Con. § 1 (Thurn. ib. p. 61 , compares the gloss just cited, and continues "das Verb feg- später fēg- bedeutet `mustern, genau betracten, nach sein Qualitäten bestimmen, herausheben'. In den Rechtstexten wird meist das Kompositum aith-feg-, wohl in Anlehnung an das lat. re-censere, gebraucht"). In: co ro fhegur a miad coir for cach (no corresp. clause in the Latin) PH 3962 the meaning may be perceive . See further Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 490 .

I In older lit. generally trans.

(a) looks at, observes, scans , generally implying close attention: fégsu, a L., aní atchiusa, LU 3885 ( SCC 39 ). no fegad eat fo innib a n-uilc, LU 1004 ( ACC 95 Comm. ). fegaitsi i ndignet see what they will do LU 188 . sillis fair ┐ ḟeghaidh a ghnúis, Lat. Lives 103 . roḟegadh gnúis a aidi amail ruithen grene ib. = Lism. L. 3401 (perhaps intrans., the corresp. Lat. is: facies ... quasi globus solis semper videbatur). fégad cech aen ... ná rob dall ... hé = uideat ne sit caecus PH 4665 . tincais A. furri .i. nos-fegand, TBC-LL¹ 780 . tincais fair ... is inund ón ┐ n o fégand, 2128 . fega latt dam in fuil seo examine this wound for me 4311 (fech lat St). fechais F. in fuil, 4312 . fursainter caindeald dūn co fēgum in uisci, RC vi 175.44 . fégfaid in coimdid gnúis do gnúis, PH 4675 . rot-fég (= rod-f.) co fethmech, 1133 . na doíne ... nosfégat fen co fuirechair who observe (examine) themselves 6855 . dā fēgainn mē as mo medōn (: gēbainn) if I regarded myself from within ACL iii 239z . co rofegdais leo ... | in mór immed a chathrach (of spies) SR 4658 . huair rofegsatar in tír, 4669 . O rofeg Noe ar cach leth | in tir, Rawl. 76a37 . Dia fein rom-fēgustar, ZCP viii 214.18 . Fég a dó do M. `Behold two years reigned by M.' Arch. Hib. ii 48 § 8 ( LL 181b26 ). Cf. na coíc ḟonna féig (: scéith), LL 148a19 ( KMMisc. 268 § 36 ). Searches ; examines, studies: feg .i. tuir, ut est fegh Bretha Neimed search O'Dav. 831 . atá loch usci and, fegtar ┐ claiter, LU 177 . fegsat filid Fail ... | fenchas co feig examined Laws i 32.30 . fechthur a cana let their laws be examined i 62.17 . o rofhegh in faidh in nemh, Lism. L. 813 . for cubhas caich léghfas leir | ocus fegfas senadh sir, ZCP vi 268.19 . féach leat Leabhar na hUidhre look at Content. vi 8 . an nēmhann ... dhá bféchtar dhí an fonn na bhfoil if the soil in which it is be searched for it Ó Héodhusa 3.12 .

(b) With abstr. obj. considers, pays heed to, takes into account: a bráthriu, fegaid for ṅglóir (: dēnaid) have regard to your honour SR 3113 . feg lat uaisle na glore !, PH 4102 . feich latt cindus is coir ... 609 (? Cf. 1 fethid). in popul gentlide nár fhég fírinne forcetail , 4593 . fégthar tech Finn ... nach mairionn de | ursa no cleith, Duan. F. i 25.27 . feib na ree fega latt, ACL iii 314 § 23 . féagha a bhfuighe ... d'olc `think of the harm thou shalt suffer' Dán Dé xxxi 40 . féagh féin créd í an chomhairle as fearr lat ..., Desid. 592 . fechaidh bur crodhacht gnáith d'fuaslugud bur companach call to mind Fier. 69 . nír ḟég geiss nó gliaid he heeded not Ériu vii 223.4 . níor ḟéach Brian ceart fán ríghe | acht a buain da flaith fíre, Content. vi 181 . madia feghthar fírinne, ZCP iv 237.20 = Leb. Cert. 236 . féach ar liath dom folt!, Keat. Poems 953 .

(c) tries, proves, tests: an drong as mionca ro fécchadh ┐ rofromhadh, AFM v 1736.17 . go roḟéchsat ... cruas a ccloidhemh ┐ troma a ttuagh ar chloignibh a cceleadh comhlainn, AFM v 1646.7 . cf. no go bhféachaim oruibh ... mo neart, Oss. vi 116.15 = go fechoinn, etc. Duan. F. 78 . do tugadh an léine chuca ... ┐ d'ḟéach E. uime í tried it on Síoghra Dubh § 13 ( GJ 1909, 160 ). f.¤ é le (nech) tries conclusions with (late idiom): feuchfad leat é a nuairsi; dh'fonn na firinne dh'fagháil amach, Luc. Fid. 274.15 . feuchfad fōs leat ē, 278.10 . feuch leam é, 303z ; féuch linn é, 344.13 . f.¤ ... fri compares ... with: dá bhféachtar an t-áireamhso ris na seacht mbliadhnaibh déag ... is follus ... `if this number be taken in connexion with' ... (compared with ?) Keat. ii 463 .

II Intrans.

(a) in lit. sense looks, glances, gazes, keeps a look-out , absol. or with prep. FOR (AR) : fég, a L., dar th'eis look behind thee ! LU 3887 ( SCC 39 ). fegaid, fomnaid ! Ériu iii 143 § 1 . féach id dhiaidh look behind thee TD 38.7 . TSh. 475 . fegaid lib conid mor dliges a honoir, PH 5593 . dercais ┐ fégais C. dar a aiss, CRR 38 . fegait tria tholl na comla confhacatar in dias, Lism. L. 1975 . nír féghusdair ara ais riamh, ZCP viii 552x = ni ró ḟég, etc. TBC-LL¹ 1904 . feg latt for iffern ` beware of ' PH 798 . fegais C. forru, CRR 46 . mairg ḟéagas ar Inis C., TD 11.1 . go raibe an uiredsa do coimet ag C. ara ōghacht nar ḟech ar mnai ... riam, BCC § 411 . an tí fhéachfas ar mhnaoi réna sanntughadh, TSh. 7266 . créad nach féachann tu ar an druing do-ní milleadh? (= quare non respicis) 9514 .

(b) fégaid do looks to, heeds, has regard to, takes into account: ba don riaguil nofhégha (2 s.) Ériu ii 228.8 . ní fhéachann [an bás] do dhuine ... seach aroile is no respecter of persons TSh. 766 . étach lennmaisech ... do na fech logh no cendach ar a ingnaithchi, Aisl. Tond. 112 § 2 = narb ētir luach ... do mhes dó, 137 . mana fechainn d'onoir dom athair had I not regard for the honour due to my father Fier. 120 . do bheanfainn do cheann diot ... muna bfechainn dot ainbfios, Duan. F. ii 250 . do fhéch sibh don chrích-si `thou hast cared for' Studies 1921, 75 . nir fech C. don tuili acht docuaidh tríthe, BCC § 73 . neach ... nar fhéag (: séad) d'antoil na colna, A. Ó Dálaigh xxxv 12 . ní ḟéachfaid dot ór dána `will not heed' Content. vii 11 . F.¤ RE (LE) : féachfa mé re Mag Uidhir | mo rí G an ngéabhadh lam `I shall look to M. to see if my king ... will accept me' TD 12.3 . ionadh ... da nderna ... dam le neach oile ni feghadh [leg. —abh], ZCP ii 348 . Vn. fégad (fégain, féchain, etc.), q.v.

n iā, f. (cf. fethach) knowledge, science: fithithair .i. ... aithair ḟethaigi in ae in ḟorcetail , Laws ii 348.15 Comm. (`who guards' trans., as if fethaigthe, gen. of a vn.).

v i 3 s. perf. ro fáig , Metr. Dinds. iv 96.52 . ro fích , LL 194b27 . ro fig , 370b16 . pass. ro ḟecht , Metr. Dinds. iv 100.12 . Weaves, plaits, intertwines: étach rofig Maire mass, LL 370b16 . lín anart ... Muiri óg ro ḟigestar he, LB 158b35 . cloidem corthaire .i. cranda ... asa figther in corrthair, Laws i 152.18 Comm. d'ḟigheadar líonradh damháin ealluigh, Isaiah lix 5 . Of hair: rofigedh, ro slemanchirad do chind Fergail F.'s hair was plaited RC xxiv 64.11 . Of pleached work, wattle: ciaso sóer rofích [-figh, -faid, -fháidh v.l.] in cléith? Metr. Dinds. iii 100. 17 . Hence in wider sense of building: cía ro buí ... 'ca dénam? I. ... is G. sóer ó gáel fáel no figed (rofiged v.l.) (i.e. Ailech), Metr. Dinds. iv 100.8 . ro-d-fáig `reared it' (the wall) 96.52 . Of lit. composition weaves together, compiles, composes: ro ḟigius ... craeb choibniusa clainne Nóe, LL 143a35 = ros-figius, Rawl. 77b15 . faig ferb fithir (with gl. .i. noḟúaged nó noḟíged ... bréthir in forcetail ) LU 785 (`the teacher said the word' ACC 52 ), conid da choímet na sochursin ro ḟigh Benen in saithe so sis, BB 275a41 (`wove this poem' Leb. Cert. 144.27 ). mar fighim `as I relate' Leb. Gab.(i) i 110.9 (with gl.: mar fuaighim nó mar fighim im' aisde). Other applications: fichset ... óenach saidbir `gathered a fair' Metr. Dinds. iii 14.158 . fighim mōr caor ┐ cnú I gather together (?) Ériu ii 95 § 5 . cid frisi n-argither ana cuicti for in athgabail? ... fri urogra rofigedh `why is a stay of five days attached to the distress ? ... for warning it was done' ( framed, devised ? fixed ?) Laws i 252.2 Comm. fer figed feirg `that knit strife' Metr. Dinds. iii 84.4 (but this may belong to 1 fichid). Vn. fige, q.v.

n m. also fithir ; g s. fithidrea, Corm. Bodl. s.v. lethech (fithidire Y. fithirae LB). a teacher, esp. one who instructed scholars (écsíni) in the poetic art ; a word of more restricted application than `aite' and later confined to poetic style. fithir .i. athair an foirceadail no na healadhna, O'Cl. fithir (.i. in fithidir .i. in magistir), RC xx 248 ( ACC 52 ). bíd Moninnán ... a athir, a ḟithithir `M. will be his father, his tutor' Imr. Brain § 57 . fithithair fria fealmac (one of the legally recognized social connexions), Laws ii 344.4 (= in t-aite forcetail , 348.20 Comm .). fear cerda, ma[d] fithír `a man of art, if a professor' iv 236.15 . bendachais dia fithir (.i. aite), MacCongl. 11.3 . sóifid cách a dán i sáibforcital ... do chungid derscaigthe dia fithithir, RC xxvi 42 § 223 . fithighir fer nErenn re filidhecht ┐ re senchus, ALC 1506 . g s. isse ... bessad in gilla tosugud forcetail do t[h]engaid a fithidire , Corm. Y 676 (= fithera LB). ecsine ... co menmuin fithidire, 825 = (s.v. lethech) a ḟithirae LB. móradh fithithire, Ériu xiii 25.7 . ? ca soitheach fithir is fó ? (.i. ca hadbhur oide), ZCP v 488.12 (B. na f.). pl. cona urērset felmaic a fithithre `so that pupils will not rise up (in respect) before their teachers' RC xxvi 42 § 222 . a ffithire forcthe fealmacacha, Hugh Roe 162.13 (f. 43b) .

n (Mid. Ir. forair) (for+or `edge,' Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 51 ).

(a) end, limit: gl. finis Ml. 56b46 . adracht seach [ḟ]orar talmun ... in grian, Aen. 1466 .

(b) fig. sum, consummation, climax: sesca noí cet do bliadnaib ... forair aimsire Iareth, Rawl. 70a44 . is ī in dercc ... comlānius ┐ forair in rechta diada (= summa divinae legis) PH 5844 . cléthi ┐ forair in forcetail diada, 5789 . forair ┐ suim na sualach, Lism. L. p. 392 . airm i mmbia forair cech uilc ┐ essbaid cecha maithiusa, LB 187b6 . ropo nertmar hisin tṡuithemlacht co riacht forair, ACC 26 Comm. (= co riacht co clethi, LU 661 ). tigthear ... ón chlí féin 'sna foraraibh, Aithd. D. 50 § 19 .

? Compd.: ¤chonn a superior chief (?): do fuaslaici fir forurchonn, Bürgschaft p. 30 § 80 .

n o, n. later m. (vn. of for-cain). n s. forcetal, Wb. 12c40 . With art.: a forcital , Wb. 3b23 . a s. trissa forcital , Ml. 64c6 . g p. inna forcital, 47d11 .

(a) teaching, instructing, admonishing: gl. institutio, admonitio, eruditio. foircedal (gl. dogma) Ir. Gl. 837 . foirceadal .i. teagasg, O'Cl. With obj. gen. of pers.: f.¤ neich iarna baithius, Wb. 12c40 . forcetul cech duine ... dogní Dia God teaches every one PH 1749 . is ed dlegar don aos gaoth ... forcedal fann trēn, ZCP vii 298.3 . With gen. of thing taught: oc forcetul recto Dée, Cambr. 38a ( Thes. ii 247 ). contuaset fri forcetol bréthre Dé, LU 2164 ( FA 23 = fri precept LB). anmchara ac f.¤ scel, ACL iii 223.22 = ag foircheadal scéal `to expound the gospels' Keat. ii 5356 . Absol. instruction, precept, doctrine: is moíth a forcital, Wb. 19c1 . inna f.¤ (gl. institutionum) Sg. 9a5 . a dula ... dar m'thimna, darm' f.¤ , SR 1396 . dia ngaba mh'ḟorcetul-sa if you follow my advice Anecd. iii 74 . sóifid cách a dán i saíbforcital, RC xxvi 42 § 223 . a saebforcetul (i.e. of the druids) MR 166.21 . cf. co fáthaib fiss fri forcital fēthamail `zur friedlichen Belehrung' ZCP xi 82.24 (E. J. Gwynn suggests that f.¤ here means `deliverance of poetry', Hermathena 1922 p. 91 ff ). techt do Roim ... fri foglaim n-ecnai ... ┐ forcetail , Trip.² 242 . indeall foircheadoil, Ériu xiii 35.28 . na ríagla ┐ na forcetla, Lism. L. 3961 . epistil ... co cāin domnaig ┐ co forcetlaibh maithibh ailibh, AU 886 . bláth óir ara fhoircettlaibh, BNnÉ 281z . Méd an dígbáeidh an forceadal ┐ do-níthear méd an dígbúidh (i.e. the orthodox form ... , the form also in use) IGT III § 64 .

(b) exceptionally learning, studying: luid Cu Culaind do forceatal gaiscid la Scathaig, Ériu i 114.3 (cf. luid do foglaim gaiscid ... la Scáthaig, LU 4835 ). Cf. ga cédfhoirceadal dleaghur do neoch do dhénamh? the first thing one should learn IGT, Introd. § 3 .

n a leech : gil ┐ gilcach .i. quia in gelidis locis [nascuntur] , O'Mulc. 653 . gilldæ (= a youth, a pupil ) .i. is fri gil is cosmail. Is ē didiu a bēs aide .i. tossugad (= do ṡugud, LB). Iss ē dono bēssad in gilla tosugud (do ṡugud, LB) forcetail do t[h]engaid a fithidire, unde dicitur ... doglen gil tengaid, Corm. Y 676 . gil an sugad (? -aid) seng, Metr. Gl. 33 § 16.

n n s. gilld, Corm. Y 676 , 1059 ( p. 93.11 ) ; also gille, IGT Decl. exx. 1136 , 1405 , 2130 ; cf. gilli (: fīrindi), ACL iii 246.7 ; gille (: imme), MacCongl. 69.30 . n p. gailli (subscript a), gaille, ZCP xxvii 43 (B) . io, m. A word of pre-Norse origin, prob. from Latin. See Pokorny, ZCP xii 298 ff. ; Marstrander, ib. 309 ff.

(a) a youth of an age to bear arms ; one who has arrived at the third of the six ages of man (for which see gillacht) : Dauid in gille dáne, Hy. i 12 . gilla oac amulach, LU 3825 ( SCC § 37.14 ). TBC-LL¹ 265 . do gilli no óclig, Mon. Tall. § 41 . v s. cucainn cetna thanacais do chétgasciud, a gillai, IT i 103.9 . a gilli, LU 3535 ( SCC § 29 ). a ghille ... doní uaill as do ghile, A. Ó Dálaigh xliii 2. As a contemptuous mode of address : creud as creidemh dhuitsi, a ghiollaidh thall, Luc. Fid. 182 . pl. a ṅgillai óca, CRR § 34 . gilde ┐ ócláoich, Mon. Tall. § 48 . a gillu Connacht, IT i 106.21 (LL). chethirn ṅ-gilla, TBC-LL¹ 5762 . gialladh do ghillaibh óga giving youths as hostages, AU ii 540.17 . tri chet do gillib occa, TTebe 1468 . tuc Ráp ... aeghaidhecht do ghilladaib Israel (of the spies), ZCP ii 52.9 ( Maund. § 90 ). atconnarc gillu glána, LU 3767 ( SCC § 34 ).

(b) Sometimes (with or without `bec') used as the equivalent of `mac,' a male child, a boy : in gilla bec mo dalta sa, TBC-LL¹ 842 , gilla, TBC-I¹ 514 = mac bec, TBC-LL¹ 1015 . Cf. also TBC-I¹ 508 , 537 with TBC-LL¹ 989 , 1046 respectively. ba gilla bec, LL 226b28 ( TTr. 700 ). PH 1366.

(c) Used of a pupil : gilldæ .i. is fri gil is cosmail. ... issē dono bēssad in gilla tosugud (do ṡugud, LB) forcetail do t[h]engaid a fithidire, Corm. Y 676.

(d) a servant, a gilly, a messenger : gilla a cillus, graece manus unius, ar is lām do cach áon a gilla, Corm. Y 702 . Cf. O'Mulc. 654 . a gilla laiss .i. ēcsīne ēiside co menmuin fithidire lais, Corm. Y 825 . ro chuir in gilla na eocho hi fergort, LU 8514 ( FB § 36 ). TBC-LL¹ 3295 . TBC-I¹ 2468 . ro-fhóid tra Iacop a gilla, PH 2193 . C. giolla gradha do Brian `confidential officer,' Cog. 102.19 . gilla Crist (gl. Christianus), Ir. Gl. 523 . gilla ... nó timtirid, Mon. Tall. § 37 . pl. ferr lais feis la gillib to sleep with his servants, Laws v 292.22 . daescurṡluag ┐ gillida fedma `drudges,' Acall. 5627 . CRR § 28 . gilli na sluag `horse-boys,' Cog. 82.7 . giollaidhe an tsluaigh `camp-followers,' Keat. iii 3199 . daill iad ┐ giolladha dall = duces caecorum), Mac Aingil 401 . With a defining gen. of the work allotted or the service performed : g.¤ adhairce (gl. cornicen), Ir. Gl. 1018 . g.¤ con a kennel attendant, Laws v 72.29 . ZCP xiii 254.16 . g.¤ cupáin cup-bearers , 1 Kings x 5 . g.¤ na-n-each (gl. mango), Ir. Gl. 946 . Cf. Ériu iii 141.196 . BColm. 102.2 . IGT Decl. ex 2130 . g.¤ an eich, TD 22.17 . gille echraide grooms , RC xliii 26 § 25 . g.¤ na fi[d]chli chess-board attendant, Acall. 1344 . g.¤ na filed .i. g.¤ urraith .i. i cometecht caich bis a bailiu i mbailiu, Laws i 106.10 Comm. ; 'baggage-boy' UR 133 . g.¤ gái a spear-gilly , SG 66.1 . marbus g.¤ in gái .i. in callaire sergeant (?), 76.9 . g.¤ glomair horse-boy , Laws v 72.29 Comm. g.¤ an ghobanno the boy who feeds the smith's furnace : fuaradh ghiolla an ghabhann (prov. saying), TSh. 6206 . g.¤ scuir a stud-groom, a stableman , Acall. 778 . g.¤ tened one who attends to the fires, SG 354.33 . g.¤ turusa a messenger : cursúr .i. gilla turusa, PH 2601. Laws v 72.29 Comm. g.¤ urláir a household servant, Laws v 72.29 Comm. Cf. echlach urláir, Ériu ix 15.

(e) Commonly used from the close of the 10th cent. as the first element of masc. proper names, foll. by gen. of npr. (saint or other), see Marstrander, ZCP xii 313 . Gillacolaim, AU i 488.16 (an. 976) . G.¤ Patraic, 492.22 (an. 982) . G.¤ Ciarain, Caithr. CC § 53 . G.¤ na Trinódi hUa Dálaigh, RC xviii 270.1 . For further exx. see AU (Index) : AFM iii 2-3 n. and Heldensage (Index). Also (accompanied by a descriptive adj. or gen.) used as npr m. or sobriquet : G.¤ Bec, Rawl. 159a14 . G.¤ Luaithrindi, Lec. 57rb16 . In G.¤ Leithderg O Concobair, RC xviii 276.25 . See also Dubgilla, Crōngilla, Gormgilla, ZCP xiii 1 - 2 .

v i O. Ir. forms :

Ind. pres. 1 s. n-a-gníu-sa, Wb. 3c30 . 3 s. gniid, Sg. 199a5 . gniith, Wb. 21b2 . With affixed pron., gníthi-sium, Ml. 30b20 . rel. gnís, Wb. 21b2 . Sg. 143a6 . nodgní, 209b22 . 3 pl. rel. gníte, 156b7 .

Impf. 3 s. gniad, SR 2743 . 2 pl. gnid, Wb. 33a17 .

Subj. pres. 3 pl. rel. gnete, Ml. 125c3 .

Subj. impf. co n-gnemmis , Wb. 4a9 . trisa n-gnetis , Ml. 23a2 .

Fut. 3 pl. rel. gēnde, Thes. i 714.10 .

Pret. 3 s. gēnais, Hy. v 11 . rogéni, Ml. 48c6 . Wb. 3c25 . pl. rogenset, Ml. 80c6 . (Later rogní, -gníset; gnisit, SR 4077 ; gnisset, 4197 .)

Pass pres. s. gnither, Sg. 140a2 . gnaither, Ml. 38a5 . pl. gnitir, ib. rel. gniter, Ml. 21c3 . fut. s. génthir (sic), BCr. 44b3 . pret. s. rongníth, Ml. 14a18 . pl. rognítha, 115b4 . -rognatha, ib. and 39a24 . part. a p. inna gnimu gnethi, Ml. 115b2 . Cf. remgnethi (gl. ante acti), 103d15 . margnethi (gl. magnifica), 126c6 . inna caingnethi (gl. bene acta), 22d18 . vn. 1 gním u, m., q.v.

In general sense acts, does, makes: gl. agere, Ml. 14a18 ; 125c3 . Thes. i 714.10 . peragere, Ml. 48c6 . actitare, BCr. 44b3 .

I Intrans. acts, works: amal gnīs tra Crist in iustis. ... is samlid ... gniith demun in filiis defidentiae, Wb. 21b2 . is hinonn persan gnís ┐ fodaim who acts and suffers, Sg. 143a6 . gníd, amal cech mog, Fél. 4.12 . gníad ísel fri hard let him act humbly ..., Ériu iii 98 § 13.

II Trans.

(a) makes, constructs: mur d'argut ... rognid im cach oen ḟaith[chi], SR 384 . secht ṁbenna ... gnitis dind or, 4343 . ra gniad ra Meidb dunibuali ... ar cind Conchobair, TBC-LL¹ 5134 . rognithea a mbotha, CRR § 24 . etrachta gnuisi ind Righ mair ro gni cach nduil, Ériu ii 142 § 155 . Maelsuthain is he rosgni (of a poem), ZCP v 499 § 10.

(b) With abstract or vn. as obj. does, performs, executes , etc.: co ngnemmis gnímu colno, Wb. 4a9 . huaræ ata ngnímai nui nadrognatha riam rognítha and, Ml. 115b4 . ar cach n-omgním gníset for every cruel deed they did, Metr. Dinds. iii 4.47 . trisa n-gnetis aithirgi, Ml. 23a2 . is hé in peccad rogéni anuile comaccobor, Wb. 3c25 . figell āine, ernaigthe, | almsan tan nosgēne, Ériu ii 172 § 5 . ni gníand nách ṅdímáin, PH 5917 ( LB 68b12 ). roniat-som airisiumh `rested,' Marco P. § 56 . rugéne ... A. atlugud búdi dona déib, TTr.² 1935 . rogníset atlugthi buidhe, ACL iii 10 § 11 . gníset cairddes, Metr. Dinds. iii 244.31 . gnisit caratrad fri Fomorib, RC xii 58 § 8 . gnisit cathu fought, waged ..., SR 4077 . gniid cathu, SCC 18 . intí gnifes catha fria demhna, Lism. L. 3778 . cindus rogentais cathugudh, Aen. 2074 . āth forsinngēnathar a gleō, TBC-I¹ 1140 . gníset gleic gairb, Metr. Dinds. iii 372.69 . rogniad comairle la Ultaib the U. took counsel together, CRR § 9 . gnithir feis Temra la hE., Ériu ii 178.17 . gníset óenach cóir Carmain, Metr. Dinds. iii 12.151 . rogní ... int ord forcetail ┐ celipartha, Fl. Earls 136.34 ; ib. 9 . no gniad druidechta, LU 9007 ( FB 75 ). gnít sealga they hunt, Cóir Anm. § 70 ( IT iii 318.24 ). Cf. further: súil cháirech eter da rethi gnii-siu etrum-sa ┐ Eogan thou makest sheep's eyes at Eogan and me, IT i 82.1 ( LMU 315 ). gniat cach a aimsir let each man have his day (lit. do his time), Lism. L. 1547 . roraid ... nogenad einech Troianna `... make the Trojans honoured,' TTr. 867 ( LL 228b49 ). aigne .i. ... fer gníes ái, Corm. Y 74 . seol gnius no gnimaiges fuithib (of chips) the direction he gives them, Laws iii 226.24 .

(c) exercises (horses): do ghníeas m'eocha I have exercised my horses, IGT Introd. § 78 . See 1 gním for further exx.