n [ā, f.] (Lat. habena. See Études Celt. iv 329 ). No certain ex. of n s. but note abhuinn .i. tabella palmaris , Rule of Tallaght 1 n. 21 . scourge, whip: imbirt aibne `plying the scourge', Mon. Tall. 143.28 (§ 43) . cet moailli fort laim dé abaind `a hundred blows on thy hand with a scourge', 142.11 (37) . tri béimenna forru co mbais, no cris no abaind, O'D. 989 (H 3.17, c. 853). a cúrsad ina chét-chinaid co n-abaind, Ériu i 218 § 4 . Fig. domfaraill — nī dūairc in t-ort — / bēim nād borb dot' abainn aird (from a hymn by one in illness), ZCP vi 263.19 . fíach aibne the penalty of flagellation: ní tabar fíach aibne and, Mon. Tall. 138.23 (§ 30) . arra troiscthe do fiachaib aibne .i. secht cet m-beimeann n-indracc co fo sechd flagellation equivalent to fasting, RC xv 490 § 22 . doberair dia sathairn im noin fiach aibne na h-oidche luain, LB 11b6 ( Rule of Tallaght 82 ). fíach aibne, Ériu iii 102 § 30 .

n iā, f. (acarb) harshness, severity; roughness: tre chosc co n-acarbi, Wb. 27c6 . etir in nacarbai gl. et acerbitatem, Ml. 59a19 . cosc can acgairbe on oite for in dalta, Laws ii 348.22 Comm. = agairbe, v 96.22 Comm. fogeib ainmine ┐ a.¤ ón Chomdid, LU 2126 ( FA 19 . ) turus daine craibtheach cucad co n-agairbe fort , Ériu viii 122.24 . dúire ┐ accairbe in forcetail rechtaide, PH 3472 . ara n-acairbi (of hair), ZCP xviii 296.1 . d'aggairbe shín na haidche so stormy was the night, RC xxiii 420.2 . re hagairbi a imthechta, TTebe 314 .

n io, n. Later f. vn. of ad-gair. a s. acre, Wb. 9c20 . g s. accrai, Laws v 372.7 . d s. acru, LL 353a76 . agra f. IGT Decl. § 3 . Verbs § 47 . Later also acrad.

Act of suing, prosecuting, bringing an action, urging a claim; action, suit, process (with gen. of the matter of the suit and FOR (AR) of the person sued): tagra quasi dagra .i. dā n-agra bīs ann, Corm. Y 1259 . acra gl. actio, Ir. Gl. 869 . ní bethe fria acre, ye should not be seeking redress for it, Wb. 9c20 . ce na (= no) betha ac acra ar nech dul ara nurlainn, Laws iii 252.19 . gu nach urasa cin d'agra for a tigernaib `it is not easy to sue their lords for trespasses', iv 222.1 Comm. cach foghail do genu se . . . ciamad ail a nacera for aite `though one should wish to sue his fosterer for them', ii 170.4 Comm. ni bi acraidi faesam .i. nocha bi a.¤ athgabala don ti bis ar faesam neich . . . .i. fer bis for faesam ní tualaing acra the person who is under protection may not be sued? i 102.x , 104.24 Comm. ticfa d'acra a dala `to prosecute his cause', 6.22 . do buing agru ericc suing exacts compensation, ii 14 z . featactain agra na ratha `attempt to sue the surety', v 226.31 Comm. fethem . . . agamsa dot agra sa, i 294.7 Comm. ma docuaid in grad feine d'acrad in graid flatha, 112 y . acrudh do dénum ┐ indliged do denum oc in agra sin, ii 66.9 . ni tuasluce nach suire . . . bes isle agra bes uaisle enech, 36.z. ac acra uatha suing from them, v 120.30 . ai naccrai the matter of the suit, 372.7 . fuil setaibh acrai inerce `a wound (inflicted) in the cause of levying a payment due', Ériu xii 50 § 63 . ag agra goidi ┐ braidi when suing a case of theft and plunder, Laws v 42.18 Comm. acra bor[b]luchuis, ii 16.7 Comm. cuir ┐ cundartha . . . d'acrau forin conair fugill is cert, Cóic Con. 20 § 13 . fer na hagra the plaintiff, O'D. 570 ( H 3.17, 440-1 ). di ēis ind fir acrai, ZCP xv 322 § 15 n. 1 . ae an fir acra, Laws v 306.10 Comm. soiri domnaig . . . gin acrai gan brethemnus, Anecd. iii 21.4 . nócon ainfe ingrimm ┐ acrae dííbh ca bráth, Trip.² 2218 . frithchuires dím accra olcu amhuinsi, ZCP vi 258.4 . gabais M. . . . ic acra a cor, LL 221b27 ( TTr. 330 ). itú ic triall a acrai ḟort I am suing thee for it, LL 14136 . lucht a éaraca dá agra orra to sue them for his eric, ML 132.7 . badur . . . og agra a comairci ar in rig they were demanding the king's protection, YBL 172b20 . teid dagra a shlana ar O'nDomnaill to make claim on O'D. for violating his surety, L. Chl. S. § 17 . dolluid . . . Lactain . . . do acru in gníma sin co flaith to complain of that deed, LL 353a76 . gan a bhás d'agradh ar neach `not to demand retribution from anyone for his death', Keat. ii 5192 . d'agra airdchíosa ar Chúigeadh Laighean `to exact', iii 3082 . ag agra fhiach claiming a debt, Dán Dé xxvi 12 . ro bhaoí ua N. ag agra blaidhe don dúthaigh fuair Niall ó Domhnaill on righ, AFM vi 2350.7 . ná ro cumhaing Ua N. an fearann dagra ó chert, .14 . an lá thiocfas triath na n-aingeal d'agra a chéasda sa chroich, A. Ó Dálaigh xliv 9 . oca agra (sic leg.) gurbhó dalta dhósom ó Domnaill `urging', Hugh Roe 48.10 (fo. 13a) . do brud . . . in domain . . . is d'acra ar a cend `to take vengeance on it', Cog. 180.4 . iomdha agra nach admhaim `many charges I confess not' (i.e. do not plead guilty to), Dán Dé iv 3 . gach agra dá bhfuil againn ┐ gach leathscéal dá bhfuil agaibhsi, Maguires of F. 74 . báttar . . . ag aighnes ima naccarthaibh for aroile they were disputing as to their claims, AFM vi 2166.z. teit accra ann, an action lies in that case, PH 7612 . Cill Baird i Laignib ní agra i.e. undoubtedly Mart. Don. xxxix 16 . Of the thing claimed: re h-iarraid na hagra, MR 264.11 . Of challenging in battle: cenn cosnama . . . Erenn ar uaill ┐ ar agra, MR 96.3 .

v (* ad-com-sní-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 634 ) Indic. pres. 3 s. at-cosna, Fél. 156.11 . -ascnai, Laws iv 366.13 . 3 pl. adcosnat, Thes. ii 6.29 . Ipv. 1 pl. ascnam, Fél. Dec. 31 . Indic. impf. 1 s. adcosnain se, Thes. ii 2.26 . 3 pl. atcosnaitis, Fianaig. 10.19 . Subj. pres. 2 s. adcosnae, Ml. 56b39 . -ascnae, Ml. 56b31 . 3 s. adcosna. Ml. 51b6 . Subj. impf. sg. pass. adcosantae, Ml. 115d13 . Pret. and perf. 3 s. adruchoisséni, Ml. 69d4 .

Vn. ascnam.

Part. ascnaide.

Later also as simple vb. ascnaid.

(a) makes for, strives for, seeks (trans.): ni moa adcosnat bete in secundo genere . . . quam `they do not strive more', Thes. ii 6.29 . ní etaigthersu immanisin .i. ni ascnae ┐ ní charae, Ml. 56b31 . cach gell cona [ḟ]ritgill do di[a] nascnai coir `on the basis of which he attains his right', Ériu xii 48.2 . athlaech . . . nad nascnai sacarbuic `a lay-recluse who does not go to the sacrament', Laws iv 366.13 . nech atcobra dul for nemh, atcosna (atcosnae v.l.) in flaith, ZCP vii 310 § 1 . is ech buada dar mag réid / fer adcosnaid flaith Dé móir, Goid. 180.22 ( LL 284b42 .) is treothu adcosnaigther flaith nime, LB 12a46 . atcosnatis bidbad būaidh `they strove ever for victory over their foes', Fianaig. 10.19 . ascnaid Ériu seach inis Breatan sets out for E., BB 203b38 . in port adcosnaidís, 39a23 . gur bo hi an conair i ttudchad . . . don tir nó asgnáifedh, Hugh Roe 80.19 (fo. 21b) .

(b) proceeds, goes (intrans. with various prepp.): atchiu churach dar Muir Mend / ascnas i n-iathaib h-Erend, LL 12642 . adcosnat hi crich Ciarraigi . . . co Ath Féne, IT ii2 213.33 . ro-asgna Luguidh cona mhaithibh . . . i ccomhdhāil Conaill marched against, ZCP xiv 249.3 . ascnait assaide d'ardchathraig in tíre, LL 220b11 ( TTr. 246 ). ro asccna assaidhe co ros Comáin, AFM vi 1954.7 . ascnais A. co Poll Ruadhain, BNnÉ 322 § 31 . ro asccna ó D. tar Sruthair . . . ar fud tire hamhalghaidh, AFM iii 390.x . do easccna ara aghaidh he went forwards, v 1574.4 . ro asccnatar rempu they advanced, CCath. 4898 . ascnait . . . tria fort `they passed through a fort ', Fl. Earls 104.27 . ascnaidhit a n-iermoracht Uī Nēill `they set out to overtake O'N.', 164.10 aon léig[e] dēg issedh ro ascnaidset in lā sin, 166.29 . ascnam . . . iarsin slicht let us go over the account (of a tale), Arch. Hib. ii 54 § 1 . asgnaidh esti a h-ainim life departed from her, Aen. 2869 . ra ascná uadib a mbruth, LL 244b42 .

Cf. ascnamaid.

v (* aith-fen-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 517 ). Indic. pres. pass. sg. ad-fenar, Laws i 256.6 . -aithenar, Sc.M² § 3 . Subj. impf. 3 pl. -aithidis, Wb. 21d11 . Fut. pass. sg. adfether, Wb. 20b7 . athfethar, Gael. 50, 140 ( Blathm. 977 ). adfither, Ériu i 68.17 . Later as simple vb. aithid. See also 2 aithnigid. Verbal of necess. aiti, IT iii 199.4 . Vn. aithe.

Repays, requites: digail .i. adfether do gl. portabit iudicium, Wb. 20b7 . asber . . . arandaithidisom di maith `he says . . . that they should requite it with good' 21d11 . aithgabail insin ad fenar fo fio ad fenar olcc anmuinib ad fenar maith muinib, Laws i 256.6 . mani atma flaith na fine nad innarbann, is aithgin ind. Ad-fenar, feib ro-n-erthar, ZCP xiv 382 § 46 (= Laws ii 308.20 ). ar asrenar fo-fia, ar is ó ulcc fo-fenar (adfenar, fofechar, MSS) olcc for evil is repaid by evil(?), ZCP xi 85 § 39 . nach urgais nad aitir co cend mbliadhna, O'D. 2233 (Nero A vii, 155-6). aither feich inbleogain air, O'Curry 766 ( H 3.18, 360b ). ? gin co haitaither, 506 ( H 3.18, 257 ). dianotecma slait / do bachla sdo chluic / fo déin cen ro aithe / na ro caithe a ccuit, KMMisc. 270.10 . nó go n-aithear m'adhbhar-sa till my grudge is settled, DDána 95.4 . ní aitheann i gcéadóir cion, 60.36 . ní hé gu maithfe tú an troighech / aithfe an crú sa soidech súd, IGT Decl. ex. 811 . m'olc féin is é do aithfeadh, Dán Dé vii 28 . Freq. in constr. ad-fen (aithid) x for y avenges x on y: ni haiti for neach . . . dia mbadh a n-inadh aco sin no digladh a fholaid, IT iii 199.4 . aithis in file fechair / a díbe ar a droich-ṡethair, Metr. Dinds. iii 56.37 . aithfimídne fort sa 'na ndeine d'éccoir forainn, BNnÉ 6.30 . cech ní dorigne-sim . . . fris in slaníccid do haithed fair, LB 142b41 . aithid air bar n-esanóir `revenge on him your insults,' MR 218.8 . co ro aithedh ┐ co ro dioghladh a ainninne for aroile, AFM v 1360.24 . do aith orainn ar n-ábhocht, Magauran 4200 . Cf. da n-aithea ferg Dé foraib, PH 2948 .

v (* ad-reth-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 598 . The form adreth- is perh. in some exx. to be taken as perf. of at-etha . See also ind-reith and ZCP xxv 246-7 ). Indic. pres. 3 s. ad-reith, ZCP xi 97 § 62 . Pass. sg. ad-rethar, ib. Subj. pres. 3 s. matrorais, O'D. 1564 (H 5. 15, 3b) = matroiris, O'Curry 512 (H 3.18, 259). 3 s. ad-roir, Laws ii 122.3 . Cf. atomrai .i. domfainic, RC xxi 401.24 Pass. sg. ad-rorasdar, O'Dav. 91 . atroraisitar, 1372 . -arustar, Laws iv 240.11 . -aristar, 114.27 . ?Subj. impf. 3 s. -airsed, RC xxii 402.1 . pass. sg. adroreasta, Laws iv 104.3 Comm. pret. and perf. 3 s. -arraid, BDD² 300 . 3 pl. ataroirthet[ar, TBC-I¹ 2951 . adrartatar, ZCP viii 313.20 . With s-pret. 1 s. atarethusa, LU 9394 . 3 pl. adrethsat, 5444 . adreithset, Rawl. 84b24 .

Vn. árad?

Cf. ar-reith.

(a) runs towards, attains to: adreith richid réde, Fél. Prol. 120 . adreth (adreith, atreith, v.ll.) riched rúnach, dunad Adriáni, Nov. 6. adreth (adreith, v.l.) buaid úas búadaib `the reward above rewards she has attained', Aug. 30. ?conid iar sin adrith (no rogabh) A. eired . . . alaile miled imbi, BB 495b1 = Alex. 765 .

(b) attacks: dollotar . . . in slōig ataroirthet[ar] araid Ulad the charioteers of Ulster attacked them, TBC-I¹ 2951 . iar sin atarethusa / cíar adbol a ndrong / co ndernus a n-ordnecha I attacked them . . . and crushed them to pieces, LU 9394 . adreidset leirg Liphi láin, Rawl. 84b24 . atreithsid biodhbhaidh fríu fria hedail forta, BNnÉ 106 § 22 . Of attack in chess: gabsait imbirt na fer fithchille . . . adrethsat (adresad v.l., TBC-I¹ 968 ) na firu oír ┐ argait tarsin clár crédumae, LU 5444 .

(c) overtakes; arrests: téit ina ndíaid . . . ┐ nisn-árraid he did not overtake them, BDD² 300 . luid dono Conall Cernach . . . connarruith Ailill ┐ Meidb hi Tailltin, ZCP iv 47.9 . odhilse neich adrorasdar isin ceatramad feis i.e. full forfeiture of whatever shall be caught in the fourth trespass, Laws iv 104.4 Comm. eirlim acht adroirisdair a ndiaid riasiu ro drengad taris, 8 Comm. dilsi neich adroir diib inna thir `such of them as he shall catch', ii 122.3 Comm. mana arustar for a lepuidh, iv 240.11 .i. mana tarrtaither, 242.6 Comm. mas rullatside cona [a]rustar forra `if they have absconded so that they cannot be caught', 240.9 . ?riasiu co narustar co derbḟine, 242.2 . i.e. before a claim is made on the `derbfine', Plummer MS. notes. nechtar da lina adrorastar a crich a cheili, O'Curry 804 (H 3.18, 372b) = hitrorustar, O'Curry 22 (ib. 10 a). ?ní áirsed augra in dá túathmáil `that he should not settle(?) the quarrel. . . ', RC xxii 402.1 . Cf. ní ahurrais augra . . . (ar-fuirig), BDD² 181 n. ?aic-siu macu imin smacht so . . . co neoch adroirter fort di nasc a rer brethaman .i. do neach is adha do tharrachtain do dhlestin dit, O'Curry 2729 (Eg. 88, 61b).

Cf. atnúarat.

v (* ad-suid-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 637 ). Indic. pres. 1 s. atsuidhim, O'Curry 1066 ( H 3.18, 440b ). 2 s. adsudi, Ml. 114c6 . 3 s. a-t-suidi, Sg. 66a20 . a-ta-suidi, 64b3 . -asstai, Ml. 114a19 . 3 pl. ad-suidet, Sg. 4b15 . Pass. sg. ad-suiter. Ml. 68d5 . ad-dom-suiter, Thes. ii 3.33 . -astaider, Sg. 3a4 . Pl. ad-suidetar, ZCP xiii 22.11 . adsuighidter, Laws iv 142.z Comm. 144.2 Comm. -astaiter, i 30.27 . Ipv. 2 s. asta, LU 2983 . 3 s. -astad, Wb. 10d7 . Subj. pres. 2 s. adsode, Wb. 10a9 . a-ta-sode, 10 . -astae, Ml. 55a19 . 3 s. -asta, Ml. 126a6 . 3 pl. -astat, Wb. 29a16 . Pass. sg. with ro: mad roastar , Ériu vii 154 § 3 . Subj. impf. 3 pl. -astatais, Laws iii 2.2 . Fut. 3 s. adsuife, CMT² 30 § 29 n. Pass. s. -astaibther, Laws i 192.4 Comm. Pret. and perf. 3 s. adrosoid, Ml. 97d16 . atrosoid, 39a16 . adsaidh, O'Curry 469 ( H 3.18, 246 ). Pass. sg. adrodad, Laws i 52.3 . = atroadh, O'D. 19 ( H 3.17, col. 397 = CIH v 1897.11 , Contract Law 222 ). Pl. -asta, Lism. L. 2514 . roasta, LL 22122 . Part. astide gl. adpensum, Ml. 20a22 . Vbl. of necess. astaithi, Laws v 286.11 Comm. Vn. astad, fastód.

Later as simple vb. astaid, fastaid, fostaid. Also astaigid (fastaigid, fostaigid). Cf. fostaid, fostaigid. Occas. with long vowel in second syll.: fastóid, LU 2109 . -astád, TTr.² 1141 (see under fostaid). IGT Verbs § 64 , § 80, 106 . See also assoith.

(a) stops, holds back, detains, hinders: nach nastad in cretmech `let the believer not detain him', Wb. 10a7 . ci atasode lat ar écin `though thou keep her with thee perforce', 10a10 . atrosoid gl. (se mali uicisitudine) suspenderit, Ml. 39a16 . ni astaider ┐ ni timmorcar fri slond nintliuchta gl. quae a nullo affectu mentis proficiscitur, Sg. 3a4 . atomsuide serc Dé, IT iii 51 § 95 . adrodad fri less na túad / isin port co bráth it has been detained for the good of the people, Trip.² 786 . asta dinetan fort cind stop a little while, LU 2983 . timchellaid . . . múr . . . ┐ fastóid (astaid, v.l.) anmand inna pectach, LU 2109 ( FA 17 ). coro asta na heonu cen togairad C. so that the birds were prevented from calling to C., LL 22122 . im amus ceneoil do denam de dus i n-astaibther no tuilithe do radh ris to know whether he will be kept or be regarded as an interloper, Laws i 192.4 Comm. dia mbed da clad íme . . . adsuitear leo `he is restrained by them', iv 158.3 Comm. . . . eoin ┐ énluithe Leithi Mogha do thiachtain cuigi isin crainnsin co n-asta uile acasom, Lism. L. 2514 . o samain co medón erraig ro hast ind imguin ultu, RC vi 188.15 . astaid da n-ag dibh he seizes two deer, v 200 § 12 . mad roastar cach mil díb i mbethu lasin merlech if each of these animals be detained alive, Ériu vii 154 § 3 . Intrans: asdofe (gl. no adsuife) ant ór ina broinn 'the gold will stick in his belly', CMT² 30 § 29 .

(b) Legal fixes, makes permanent or legal, binds, establishes: ni astat nadmann in diupairt bonds do not bind such a fraudulent arrangement, ZCP xiii 22.29 ( Bürgschaft 10 ). cenisnasta naidm na raith adasuidhe dliged law establishes them, 24.1 (§ 39). astud cáich hi coruib bel, ar ro buí in biuth i mbailiuth mani astaitis cuir bél if verbal contracts were not binding, ZCP xvi 176 § 6 ( Laws i 40.24 ). man[i] astat cuir bel . . . cia beth dono cuir bel and adsuidet adi, Laws ii 130.2 Comm. atsuiter cuir bél la Feine amuil ad-rodad Adam ina derbdubairt: at-bath in biuth uile ar aenuball `as Adam was bound by his deception' (i.e. the Fall was considered as a contract whereby Adam exchanged the immortality of man for an apple), ZCP xvi 177 § 13 . fosuid cach aititiu adsuidet folaid, Laws iii 10.8 . cona ndilsi feibh as dech atsaitar (no atsuitar) dilsi, Ériu ii 4 n. 46 . atait .x. nailche annscuichthecha atsuidet cach ndilsi, O'Curry 416b ( H 3.18, 229a ). ?adsuighe crích cadesin . . . ar id comarda criche insin that defines a `crích', Laws iv 142.24 . With FRI and FOR: it e trénailche in sin frisa n-astaiter bretha in betha for those are the strong rocks to which the judgements of the world are bound fast (i.e. which support the law), ZCP xvi 175 § 1 ( Laws i 30.27 ). nī nī nach breth berar . . . nad fri hapstal n-uasal n-astaigther (nascaider v.l.) i.e. no judgement is effective unless a holy apostle guarantees it(?), Corm. Y 1224 ( Anecd. iv 106.19 ). adsuidetar tra frisna [na]dmann so ┐ ni diuprat, is de ata adsuidet naidmann ┐ ni diuprat they are held binding (as valid) by these `naidms' but the latter do not guarantee fraud; therefore it is said `naidms' bind but do not cheat, ZCP xiii 22.11 ( Bürgschaft 9 § 25 ). is misech maine astaithur fri som(m)uine n-aircendcha he is entitled to do this when he is not bound by dues already given, ZCP xv 248 § 6 ( Laws ii 210.15 ). Cf. also: at-chíu a chlaideb . . . ina intiuch . . . conid fri crúaid n-aurrdric n-aister, BDD² 1037 . ni asta rudrad rugnassa . . . manab for ailchib udhpart astaiter, O'Curry 2471 (Eg. 88, 38a2). nach breath nad astaiter fors nach aei (i.e. on `fír' and `dliged'), Laws v 10.4 . Note also: atasuidi for sobus íar córus fine `he holds them (viz. the aforesaid dependents) fast to good conduct (i.e. he must see that they fulfil their legal duties)', Críth G. 341 and note. adsuide fis .i. dia festar for nech olc do denamh adsuidhe fiacha(ib) fair it makes him liable to fines, O'Curry 483 ( H 3.18, p. 251 ). cia met i n-astaither cach dib `to what extent each of them is confirmed in his rights', Laws iv 344.8 . Note also: mani astat in da recht peccad foir unless the two laws convict him of sin, Wb. 29a16 . With IN-: atsuidi neutur isnaib anmannaib in es a n-accomol fri neutur i n-immognom `their connexion with a neuter in construction establishes the neuter in the nouns in -es', Sg. 66a20 .

v * ad-(ath-?) -tech-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 639 ). Indic. pres. 1 s. atteoch, Thes. ii 349.1 (Hy. v). ateoch, 350.14 (Hy. vi), 353.5, .11 . adeochasa (adeochosa LU), TBC-I¹ 1030 . adeoch, 1031 . addeoch-sa, LL 1021 . aiteoch, ZCP vi 258.2 . ?atethach SR 817 (with inf. pron. 2 s.?). 3 s. ateich, Ml. 39b6 . 1 pl. atabtecham, ZCP vii 485 ( Enchir. Aug. Aug. 84b ). aiteocham, ZCP x 347 § 17 . Ipv. 2 s. ataich. Thes. ii 258.11 . attaig, SR 1618 . 2 pl. aitchid, LU 8391 ( FB § 26 ). 1 pl. aitchem, SR 1613 . Subj. pres. (fut., Ped.) 1 pl. adessam, Thes. ii 300.2 (Hy. i). Pret. and perf. 1 s. adróethach, Thes. ii 353.5 . adróithach, Fél. Ep. 301 . 2 s. atum-roethach-sa, IT iii 242.225 . 3 s. atroithich, ZCP vi 257 § 6 . ataich, TBC-I¹ 1551 (= conattecht, TBC-LL¹ 2184 ). 3 pl. ra attachetar , TBC-LL¹ 2744 . Vn. attach. Later as simple vb. ataigid, aitchid. IGT Verbs § 52 .

Lit. flees to, resorts to (see attach), but invariably in more abstract meanings.

(a) In the constr. a.¤ x fri y invokes x against y. adjures or beseeches y by or for the sake of x. In Ir. Lit. 30 ff. the phrase ateoch frit is used before each of a long list of items: ateoch frit, a Isu . . . do cethri suiscelaige, etc. the actual prayer (co nimragba, etc.) following p. 34. aitchid a chenel fri Bran `he adjures B. by his race', Rawl. B. 512 fo. 120c32 (Plummer MS. notes). ataich Cuchulaind fris a chomaltus ┐ a muimi diblinaib Scathaich C. appealed to him by his foster-brotherhood, TBC-I¹ 1551 . aitchidh ainm nDe re Brigit um ní do tabairt do asks B. in God's name to give him something, Lism. L. 1316 . ō roataig-sim Colmān . . . riu `he adjured them by Colmán', BColm. 96.1 . attchim-se mo guide rutt, LL 374c23 . ro attaich Dia riss gan a clann d'easguine `she besought him for God's sake not to curse her children', TFrag. 102.9 .

(b) calls on, prays to, entreats: adiuro .i. atchim, Gild. Lor. 52 . arnādrīs iffernn uathach / ateoch in ríg adróethach (.i. roatchius) `that I may not go to awful hell, I beseech the King whom I have besought', Thes. ii 353.5 (Hy. vi). adróithach in rígraid / . . . / . . . atateochsa íaram, Fél. Ep. 301 . attecham (ateocham v.l.) na hóga / doairset ar ṅdála, Sept. 20. a Dé dulig adateoch, ZCP i 497.6 . aitchem na huili duli / . . . / cor guidet lenn, SR 1613 . ō roaitcheatar ainm Colmāin . . . tērnatar slán i tír, BColm. 94.12 . no aitchitis in coimdid, PH 4055 . aitchim a sídh `I beseech peace with them', Studies 1923. 599 § 18 . With cognate accus. issed attach adessam `this is the prayer that we will pray', Thes. ii 300.2 (Hy. i). atach ind so atroithich Colum Cille co mmáthair nÍsu, ZCP vi 257 § 6 . With follg. IMM and vn. constr.: ra attchetar . . . firu hErend ma tocbáil bar lebennaib scíath they besought the men of Ireland to raise them, TBC-LL¹ 2744 . ra adaig clanda Nemid imo hainm do beith forsin ferand ind-romarbad, Dinds. 147 ( RC xvi 160 ). ro-n-aitchiset im thomailt `they begged him to eat', PH 6547 . ro attaig a shetig Samson imme sin, LB 127b15 . aitchim an dá dheaghfháidh dhéag / fam (dom, v.l.) thabhairt do Dhia ar deighshéad, Dán Dé xxv 50 . aitchet na naoimh . . . im thecht cuca da ccabhair, BNnÉ 256 § 214 . Similarly with DO: roataigh Día codichra da furtacht, ZCP vi 94.27 . ro aitchister . . . Patraicc . . . dia choemna for a bidbaid, Irish Texts i 18 § 54 . aitchett an Coimdhe do shior / naoimh sleachta Conaill dár ndíon, iii 45.30 . adchi[s]-seom (curoataigh v.l.) in Gall dia comairqui `entreated . . . for his protection', RC xxiv 56 § 17 . Note also: aithchim ar bhar n-éigse sibh / gabháil `I implore you by your poetic profession to restrain . . .', Content. xvi 88 . Less freq. with person entreated introduced by FOR or FRI: ro atuighsead an sgol for Féinius bérla do theibeadh as na hilteangthuibh, IGT Introd. 3.17 . aitchimit fort gin ar clödh forcula do dliged ar sen, ZCP i 260.5 . is eadh aitcheas nó athchuingheas Ieremias . . . ar an duine, TSh. 1619 . in fer fodrácaib co claen aitchid fris a facbail co diriuch request him, LU 8391 ( FB § 26 ). tocht fo a thogairm ┐ an ro ataig fris do denamh `and did whatever he requested him', AFM vi 2054.7 .

u, m. Vn. of aidmillid. Orig. with unlen. -m-, see O'Rahilly, Celtica i 340 . act of completely destroying; destruction, ruin: oc admilliud na hoipre, Metr. Dinds. ii 4.28 . tussu 'ca adgell ┐ 'ca admilliud, MU² 178 . áes admillte ecailse Dé marauders, LU 2175 ( FA 25 ). M. . . . do mharbhadh . . . la haois aidhmhillte, p. xii 14 . ? ernaili admillti, Auraic. 1665 . budh tuar aidhmhillte (: mbailbhlinnte) dh'Éirinn, TD 31.29 . an dá onchoin da dtáinig aidhmhilleadh Éireann `ruin', Keat. ii 3200 . an tan do bhagair Dia an t-aidhmilleadh orra, TSh. 2654 . na haidhmillte do-ghéanadh féin ar Chloinn Israel, 6088 . Of injuring by magic etc. (casting an evil eye (?) Celtica xxiii 53 , xxiv 17 ): oc admilliud ind ríg blighting, BDD² 543 . conid taibsiu (sic for taidbsiu) aidmillti do C. la haés sidi sin, LU 4034 ( SCC § 48 ). cia dosgnidh an t-aidhmilledh bunaidh forsin coicc (whose vessel of milk was shattered by invisible agency every day at a certain spot), BNnÉ 318 § 11 . na tabhair dot' aire an siabradh sithe no an t-aicchmhilledh oidhche sin, Ériu iv 50 § 6 . ac aidhmilledh na righna im thuismedh `hindering the queen in her delivery', Stair Erc. 87 . do scuir da haidhmilltibh ┐ da heladhnaibh draidhechta, 92 . eadarbhuais, aidhmhillte, ar lithiughadh, doigh, amhluadh, Eg. Gl. 260 . Folld. by the prep. FOR ro-chuir sé demun d'áidmilliud for do mnai siu to perturb, PH 2651 . coich anti sin robi i richt mna ic aidhmilliud fort , D IV 2, 75vb40 . robui admilliud furri i tossa(i)g derangement, Mór M. § 1 .

n [ā, f. ?] (2 ail) satire, invective: dáig na facbad ailche `so that he might not leave invectives' (of Aitherne), RC viii 50.3 . ailchi móra d[f]acbail for Laignib, 7 . faicebsa ailig fort `I shall leave a reproach on thee', Ériu viii 157.31 . aer ailce i ngruaidibh .i. aer[a] ailceacha do denam dó, O'Curry 456 ( H 3.18, p. 243a ). ailche .i. aithissi ina agaid, O'Curry 472 ( H 3.18, 247 ). (ailche, ailchi, etc. are perhaps simply forms of 2 ail, ed.)

n o (dliged) unlawfulness, illegality; unjust deed, misdeed: da thi aindligid air, Laws iv 196.6 Comm. iarna gabail . . . ina aindligedh `illegally', RC xviii 162.20 (Tig.). do dighailt h'anndlighidh ┐ h'ecora fort-sa, Stair Erc. 1297 . tarcaisne ┐ aindligheadh d'fhulang, Desid. 2240 . Banbha fa bhreith a chinidh / . . . is aindhlighidh, DDána 80.42 . lá dár ḟóbair aindligheadh the day he attempted treachery, TD 16.33 . a cinaigh (leg. i cinaid) a andligidh, Ériu iv 176 § 17 . do chionntaig é féin ina aindligthibh blamed himself for his misdeeds, SG 12.27 . lomnán d'ulc is d'aindlighthibh `abounding in wickedness and sin', TD 7.34 . méad m'éagára is m'aindlighidh `the sum of my wrong and injustice', 42.3 . With do-gní: dogní . . . a.¤ dia chomarsain, PH 7641 . With do-beir: gach uile aindlighedh da tucsat na ced-aithreacha damh, Smaointe B. Chr. 199 . aindligheadh béoil ┐ láimhe do thabhairt dá chomharsain injustice in word and deed, TSh. 2962 . díol cert do Dhia san naindligheadh tugadar na daoine dhó .i. an pecadh, Ó Héodhusa 55.17 . asé as blaisfémhia ann aindligedh no aithis do thabhairt le briathraibh do Dhia, 154.12 .

adj (cf. 1 fes(s)). Only with copula in phr. is a.¤ is unknown: nirbo ha.¤ det andísin, RC xii 62 § 21 . 's nach ainbhfess fá Íbh Táil, Content. ix 20 . cid ainmeas (ainmfisach v.l.) fort-sa sin, Grail 365 . tomhas an fhoraidh sin / co fír ní hainḟis, Leb. Cert. 142.6 = ni hainmes, BB 275a12 . ata sund seanchas . . . / bís ainḟis minab eolach `which thou knowest not unless learned', Leb. Cert. 80.14 = bidh ainmes mina heolach, BB 271a22 .

adj o, ā (fesach). Also aimfesach.

(a) ignorant: is econn ainbfesach . . . na briathra sin do rádh, Stair Erc. 1417 . maigisder aimfesach, Ir. Gl. 392 . innis dúinn . . . na scéla, óir atámait ainmfesach, RC xxiv 371.7 . ní háil linn bhar mbeith ainbhfiosach do thaoibh na marbh, TSh. 5869 . ce bes a.¤ isna tosaigib dlighenn sé bheith a.¤ annsa ní atá andiagh na tosach, O'Curry 2222 ( Eg. 88 f. 16(17)b ). ainmhfhesach a suidiuchud na sdairi so, ZCP xiii 179.27 . do badur ainfhisach a n-inntind Iruaith um ceann an Mhacaimh they were ignorant of Herod's intentions, Smaointe B. Chr. 888 . cidh ainmfisach fort-sa sin though you are ignorant of that, Grail 16.z . In mock n.pr. Ainbfesach mac Becceoluis, Anecd. ii 49 § 10 . As subst. ní marsin do chroidhe a nainbhfiosaigh `the heart of the foolish doeth not so', Proverbs xv 7 . an tainbhfiosach do theagasg, Donlevy 196.5 .

(b) rough, rude: arán amh ainbhfiosach sean-eorna, O'Rah. 236.18 = arán omh úrgharbh, PCT 52 . tug amus ainbfeasach amhchaoin ar Chonall, 519 .

n (fine) stranger kindred, foreign people: ni techta anfine dith ar fine, Laws v 438.21 . ni techta . . . for-do-tuigaidter anfine ┐ micoraib, 462.4 . co berar i fine fer anfine, O'Curry 2051 (H. 4.22, 62b). amal aithaba isin fochlucht mac na mná drúithi diluither a n-ucht na hanfine, Ériu xi 48.22 . mac faosma d'a.¤ , Laws iv 256.2 Comm. dar cend [ḟ]ini tuas ┐ dar ainb[f]ini sund, v 412.5 Comm. tar cend saercheili ┐ anfine ata so, 244.9 Comm. rachaidh a ferand o fine na denann in gaire do anfine do ne in gaire, i 138.11 Comm. caogat itir geilfine ┐ a.¤, caogat itir gach da a.¤ gráidh eclasa, O'D. 756 ( H 3.17, c. 545 ). abb anfine fort a stranger abbot over thee (a curse), Fél.² clxxxv 5 . tocumlúat anfini coa nemthe nert, LU 3480 ( SCC § 25 ). mairg fhaemus a a.¤ / mairg mhórus a mhogduine, SG 373.8 . a thír, a fonn ina fine / co nach treabhdais ainffine, BNnÉ 253 § 210 . ar etualang . . . echtrann ┐ ainfini, MR 96.4 . raghmaitne tre clar Midhe / os innti ata in ainmhfhine, Caithr. CC 53 § 91 . do chur ainbhfine a hUisneach, TD 27.36 . críoch ainglidhe fá n-iadh tonn / fá riar ainbhfine eachtronn, TSh. 5367 ( Measgra D. 52.56 ). ag imdhíten a athardha ar ainffine eachtrand, AFM vi 1906.6 . Of an individual: Conchobhar magMide maith / nochorb anbfine int ardflaith, Rawl. 164b3 . In extended senses: na apstail roindarbsat . . . brīg anbfine cech īdail, ZCP xiii 16.32 . go raibh an mhuir fliuch fuar . . . go n-iomad éisc et ainbhfine `weird creatures', Ó Bruad. ii 60.3 . dár sgrios ainbhfine a hÉirinn 'he banished pagans from Ireland', Giolla Brighde 196 § 22 (of St Patrick).

n (imbe) bad or defective fence: mad caithe tar airbe ┐ bid anime is leth-cathaidh fil ann, ar conlui an anime in cathaigh `for the defective fence lessens(?) the trespass', Ériu x 115 § 40 ( Laws iv 124.30 ). cadiad caithe aile? a nastad it seilb cene fola (= ce ni folo) aile an uir ┐ rathus anime fort iarsuidiu the responsibility for a defective fence rests on thee, ib. (140.23-4). icad cach cinaid a claid di cach anime do-rona nech ina tir do neoch forroi `let each (co-tenant) pay the liability of his ditch in respect of each defective fence which any one (of the co-tenants) has made in his land, to anyone whom it (i.e. the defective fence) may have injured', ib. ( Laws iv 220.11 ). lán fiach ma[d] tar lán ime, trian ma[d] tri anime, O'Curry 722 ( H 3.18, p. 346 ).

n n, n. Later m. int a.¤ , Trip.² 305 . ainm m. IGT Decl. § 41 . n s. ainm, Wb. 21d4 . Ml. 30a11 . ainim, 30a9 . a.¤ , Sg. 56b10 . a s. ainm, Ml. 30a10 . g s. anmae, Ml. 30a10 . anme, 36b1 . anmma, Sg. 26b11 . anmme, 211b6 . d s. anmaim, Ml. 30c17 . anmin, 17b9 . anmmaimm, Sg. 54b3 . n p. anman, Ml. 104a4 . a p. anmmann, Sg. 61b3 . g p. anman, Ml. 87a12 . anmann, Sg. 27a9 . d p. anmanaib, Ml. 30a8 . n du. da nainm , Ml. 34d6 . a du. da nainmm , Sg. 28a7 . For Ogam ANM see Vendryes Études Celt. vii 139-46 (= inscription? mortal remains?).

(a) name: anman na coic cathrach, Ml. 104a4 . hond anmim asberr iesus, 17b9 . is ed dogair som ho anmaim chailich which he calls by the name of, 30c17 . do dechor etir anmmann inna crann ┐ anmmann a toraid inna crann sin, Sg. 61b3 . ind anmma dilis `of the proper name', 26b11 . Calpurnd ainm a athar, Trip.² 82 . Gnimcinnsiolaigh la ainim by name, TFrag. 168.10 . oc baistiud ind anma-sin fora athair, Sc.M² § 12 . cechlabat fir hErend . . . inn ainm sin, TBC-LL¹ 1056 . ainm n-ogaim, 582 (See Études Celt. vii 139-46). ainm ┐ uss ┐ slondudh (required in certain kinds of satire), IT iii 105 § 210 , see p. 122 and Éigse v 231 . Dismus ┐ Geomus anmand Grécda na latrand, Ériu iii 198 § 25 . sgríobhaid . . . anmonna ar slógh i nglanrolla, TD 30.9 . anmanda na seacht fear ndeg, Auraic. 125 . da n-ainm fuirre she has two names, ZCP viii 106.5 . Inis Bhanbha na ttrí ttonn / do shlonn sí trí hanma ann, IGT Decl. ex. 1152 . suairc an daingean anma d'Aodh this fort called Aodh's, DDána 119.10 . a.¤ baiste Christian name: Tadhg no Domnall, atá sunnradh anma baisde ionnta, IGT Introd. § 15 (7.21) . an Colum Cille . . . is é fá hainm baiste dhó Criomhthann, Keat. iii 1575 . i n-anmain in the name of: combad a n-anmaim cruichi Crist noragadh a n-agaidh Tholamir, RC x 184.7 . i nn-anmaim Athar ┐ Maicc ┐ Spirtu Noíb, Trip.² 668 . nach óen dobéra ní it anmaimm, 1343 . dia nglacadh . . . a n-ainm diūc de parma `to . . . receive them in the name of the D.', Fl. Earls 102.26 . baí ssidhe . . . leith bliadhain in ainm ┐ in ionad an prionnsa inErinn, AFM vi 225 § 11 . Meaning uncertain in phrase a.¤ rainde ('share, proportion (lit. a division in name only)' Ériu xl 104 n. 9 ; `proportion', Laws Gloss.; 'specified or fixed amount; designated fraction' EIS 102 ): in tainmrainne gabus in crann ina cloich gurab é in tainmrainne sin do leth logh bes fair ┐ is é rainn rachus ar na anmannaibh rainne sin, O'D. 916 ( H 3.17, c. 653 ). in tainmrainne gabus éric nochtaithi tige . . . bes a mbuain a tuige dib, 1696 (H. 5.15, p. 31b). in t-ainmrainde gabus aen trian secht cumal indtib uile, Laws iii 116.9 Comm. in tainmrainne geabus in sine isin uth, 366.5 Comm. in t-ainmroindi dun cethraimthi eneclainni . . . gurub a leth bias do, Laws v 34.17 Comm. in t-ainmrainde gaibis an sechtmad isin mis curob e an t-ainmrainde sin don dechmaid bes tis, 308.2 Comm. in tainmraindi d'a eniclainn fen do biad dosum, 72.10 Comm. Title, heading: an t-ainm iasachta uarais the foreign title thou hast got, TD 22a.8 . gan ainm ríodhamhna gan rígh, 32.44 . do chailleas onóir mh'anma, DDána 90.3 . ní dhé sin tré cheart n-anma / goirthear rí go bhfreasabhra `such a man cannot strictly be called opposed', Content. vi 138 . is anmmaim ona attat `under the name of loan', Laws v 368.x Comm. toirmisgther ann so a nainm gada . . . gan fiacha nó cíos do dhíol under the heading of theft, O'Gr. Cat. 113.32 .

(b) reputation, repute, renown: dia lotar fo-dess for fecht | fo ainm Iosēph i n-Ēgept 'they went southwards on a journey under the protection (lit. name) of Joseph into Egypt', SR (Greene) 3647​ . forbīad a ainm ar gnīmaib gaiscid firu Érend, TBC-I¹ 551 . is í T. cathuir is mó ainm indti `the city most of name', Maund. 228 . ? bidh ainm cintaig in gairm ndodhad / bid ainm cinadh, ACL iii 295 § 29 ; cf. 296 § 35 . ainm uasal san Eoruip ort, DDána, 90.6 . bhar n-ainm féile re fada / méadóchaidh Mac Diarmada, 68.35 . ar mhéad anma is einigh, TD 10.2 .

(c) Gramm. noun: ind anme fil ina chomsuidigud gl. nominis, Sg. 211b6 . intan nád ṁbí conson etir peneuilt ┐ uilt isind anmmaimm chétnidiu gl. in nomine, 54b3 . nibí dechor etir diall nanmann ┐ pronominum `there is no difference between the declension of nouns and pronouns', 27a9 . a.¤ (= nomen) ┐ pronomen ┐ briathar, Auraic. 300 . a.¤ scoilte noun composed of different words: ainm sgoilte nach cóir a ttús chomhfhocuil: Fégh fa lighe, no Giolla na naomh, no Mac Raith, IGT Introd. § 124 (28.23) . So also: ainm sgoilti, ainm ceirde, § 97 (24.27) . a.¤ substaintech concrete (as oppd. to abstract) noun(?): ar an méd as pearsuin di (i.e. don ghaoidheilg) seach a hanmannuibh subsdainnteacha, § 2 (2.10) . gan aithearrach oghuim do dhénamh ar chonnsuine láir anma subsdainntigh fhocuil nach comhfhocal, § 102 (25.33) . a.¤ trén substantive, see trén. a.¤ adiecht(a) adjective see adiec(h)t(a). a.¤ úathaid simple (i.e. uncompounded) noun , see 1 úathad. Cf. doaidbit ainm hi suidiu gl. nominatiui casus uim habent (of verbs), Sg. 159a2 (noun). Nominative case: ag sin, ag súd, is ag so comchóir réim is ainm orra, IGT Introd. § 128 (29.8) . co ír [réim] ┐ ainm na mbéluibh sin, ag sin mhnaoi ngil, ag sin bean gheal, ibid.

n [ā, f.] See Lochlann ii 209 . armful, bundle: a.¤ .i. frit anair bere .i. eter do dī lāim ar is fort muin ere [n-]aile, Corm. Y 58 . airbhir .i. ualach bheireas duine idir a dhá láimh, O'Cl. gabais airbir dib fria ais (of clubs thrown as missiles ), TBC-I¹ 391 . cóic ṡéoit i n-osolggud a thige díchmairc colpdach i n-airbir, Críth G. 212 . medón in tuimm luachra lee i n-airbir fo leith, Fing. R. 514 ( LL 271a12 ). tuc-som airbir bec oirthind fhota, PH 522 . Fig. cuilt ní saidhbhir 'mun Saidhbhsin / airbhir fhuilt ní hanaidhbhsigh, Magauran 1890 .

n o, [n.] See LEIA delight, satisfaction, pleasure: a a.¤ na sūl (Cú Culainn to Fer Diad), TBC-I¹ 2704 . a.¤ .i. lenmuin no sásadh, ut est a.¤ sula serc `love is the delight of the eye', O'Dav. 178 . altrum ar airiur `fosterage for affection', Laws ii 146.6 ; cf. in t-altrum seirce, O'D. 2241 ( Rawl. 506, 16d ). ar inn a.¤ ┐ ar inn altrom ra bertus-sa fort , TBC-LL¹ 2874 . rob tusa m'ordan, rob tusa m'a.¤ `my delight' (a prayer), Ériu ii 89 § 5 . in Comdiu bas chomlantius cecha airir, ┐ cecha hairfite, LU 2759 . oíbnius ┐ airera flatha nime, 2276 ( FA § 33 ). co haireru ┐ co haibnes flatha nemda, LB 145a54 . a.¤ cech uilc `pleasure in every evil thing' (offspring of avarice), Ériu vii 152.27 . airera in bid spiradaldai, LB 251b20 . a.¤ cech bīdh ┐ saine cacha lenda the best of, ZCP xi 61 § 5 . gurbo hé [Iósa] fa sāsadh ┐ airear dó ar fead na ttrí lá soin sustenance, ZCP v 496.2 . ni chaitheadh . . . biadha . . . acht . . . airera etroma, Lism. L. 2519 . airear .i. sásadh, .i. biadh, .i. áoibhinn, O'Cl.

?do aireur gl. ad . . . voluntatem, Wb. 30c1 (? leg. dia réir, Edd.). Cf. ar-fera

ind : ní dernais d'olcaib ... friu ní nar urfuaith (durfuaith with d expugned, MS) toesech na degbuidne ut ḟort (.i. nar dígail), LL 12073 ( [dh]úrḟuaith, TBC-LL¹ 5703 , where Wind. suggests comp. *ar-fo-fich-).

n [ā, f.] (air- + 2 lann Ériu xlviii 154 ) open space before a residence, fort or city: aurland Temrach, Ériu iv 124.5 . for blai (.i. faichthi H) óenirlaindni rom altsa, LU 10280 = for blae oenurlaindie, ZCP iii 235.17 . Cf. ní ar bhladh éan urlann (sic MS.) rom alt, Content. xxiv 7 . for urla[i]nn (faithce v.l.) an dúin, BNnÉ 4.2 . dún . . . tig Fechín amach forsin erloinn, RC xii 348 § 41 . forsan erlainn fri taob in regles[a], § 43. a irlann ┐ a fhaichti, Fen. 206.1 . d'aicthib ┐ d'urlannaib ┐ redib, TBC-LL¹ 68 ( LL 7610 ). for erlaind in baile, RC xiii 56 § 44 ( LL 300a40 ). dolluid M. for fordorus ind liss immach isin n-aurlaind, LU 8719 ( FB § 54 ). urland a liss d'ar `the ploughing of the front lawn', Ériu ix 46 § 12 . cena betha ac acra ar nech dul ar a nurlainn . . . uair dicomais cach nurlaind `green', Laws iii 252.19 Comm. urland sealb ┐ ceathra, iv 102.17 Comm. dochum in tobair . . . bui i n-urlaind in Sídha Nechtain, RC xv 315.7 ( Dinds. 19 ). Sadhbh . . . / finnbhean a horlainn Áine (i.e. from Áine Clíach), DDána 99.3 . os ferlannaib . . . prim-rédi in prephir . . . talmantai, MR 112.10 .