vn. of ad-fen. a.¤ n-imrime, Cóic Con. 47 § 84 . a s. always aithi in Wb. (unless the obscure cenathe, Wb. 18a25 , contains this word); n s. aithi, Sg. 111b3 , Thes. ii 227.21 , Trip.² 541 . See GOI § 725 . aithi f., IGT Decl. § 3 .

(a) Act of requiting; requital, recompense; payment, quid pro quo: ní ar lóg na aithi pridchimmi soscéle, Wb. 14c8 , 9 ; 15b11 ; 24d1 . precept soscéli cen lóg cen aithi, 14c10 . aithi gl. foenus, Sg. 111b3 . aithi usura, Thes. ii 227.21 . aithi .i. cum[m]ain, ut est cach rath co n-aithi .i. biadh ┐ manchuine, O'Dav. 168 . caite a.¤ .i. log meich, Laws iii 328.8 . caiti in a.¤ cumaine, 9 Comm. ni fuil aithfe gin iubaile do gelluib, O'D. 706 ( H 3.17, 516 ). a.¤ n-imrime .i. in aithe comaine no logh do-berar ar imrim int searraigh .i. ara riarugud i.e. recompense for breaking in a horse, Cóic Con. 47 § 84 ; Laws v 212.3 . gin aithi gin fochraic . . . gin a.¤ .i. focetoir, gin fochraic .i. iardain, O'Curry 2460 ( Eg. 88, f. 37(38)c ). a.¤ fiach .i. ic fiach, 766 ( H 3.18, 360b ). mac duine timghair a.¤ a mhaoeine i.e. he does not confer benefits for nothing, ZCP xii 296.5 . ratha fiala a.¤ ṡlána, LL 343b55 = aithi ṡlána `full compensations', Tec. Corm. 3.27 . ferr athe opad, LL 345c41 = ithe, Anecd. iii 19.14 . fuilled ro-imarcraid ind aithi, MacCongl. 21.5 .

(b) act of retaliating; revenge, retaliation: nech bud ḟerr leis dá athe no da dígail, TBC-LL¹ 4419 . tene . . . oc athi bar col, PH 3637 . nech da tísad aithi na gona sain who should avenge that slaying, LL 244a47 ( TTr. 2051 ). fear a.¤ a an-fhalta `to revenge his animosities', MR 262.12 . nir-bo echt cen aithi, TTebe 3524 . aithi in uilc, IGT Decl. ex. 166 . a.¤ x DO y avenging x (an action) on y: robo adlaic dó a aithi do Pátraic aní dorigni, Trip.² 541 . More usually with FOR: d'a.¤ a n-indligid foruib to punish them for their rapacity, ACL iii 3.16 . d'athi ar n-écora for Troiánu, LL 224a6 ( TTr. 494 ). dia aithiu fair in dimhicin dorad fornd, Marco P. 31 . d'a.¤ a anffoladh ar a eassccairdibh, AFM vi 2146.15 . Of a person: d'aithi ┐ d'fír-dígail Oilella Finn ar fheraib Erenn, Celt. Rev. iv 204.13 .

u, m. vn. of ad-suidi. Also astad, astád, astúd, astód. IGT Verbs § 64 , § 106 .

(a) act of holding back, detaining, keeping (in a place): cen nach n-a.¤ gl. sine ullo . . . adpensu, Ml. 15a15 . a.¤ gl. qui non digni aliquo aestimantur adpensu, 15c4 . in Satan aridralastar insin dot astad etir tuaid `to detain thee among the laity', Ériu ii 222.6 . dodechoid . . . inna diaid día a.¤ , Trip.² 2682 . Ui Neill ic triall a thabarta do A., Ulaid occa a.¤ occu, 3015 . ata-roí a n-astod (astód v.l., LU 6793 ), BDD² 308 . cen caemachtain astada, Laws v 468.32 Comm. rogabastár éssi astuda a ech, LU 6398 . ic arichill astuda na laédeṅg, LL 236a26 ( TTr. 1425 ). rogabh gá astadh a brat she took to holding him by his cloak, BS 6 . fastod na fola mista 'suppression of the menstrues' Ériu x 148 § 4 . Of holding back an enemy: a mbī ēcmacht / hūë nAirt a.¤ / ar cūl cāich / ni bu tlāith fri catha castud, Ält. Ir. Dicht. i 39 § 6 . ? gabul asta echtranda, Laws iv 38.15 . astúd rurech, LU 4755 (TBC). ac trena.¤ fer ṅ-hErend, TBC-LL¹ 3195 . ? cachain in dail n-asdadha do Gaidelaib: gebat foss findgrinde (sung by Lóch who had undertaken to ward off the Fomorians), RC xii 102 § 141 . Of retaining, keeping (in service): do a.¤ inna filed . . . ar robas ica n-innarba (sic leg.), LU 300 (ACC) (corresponding to fastódh na bhfileadh, Keat. iii 1453 ). Note also: cia bet . . . carru . . . / oc breth imerge . . . / is astadh doib in aidchi sin / dia mberther bo cach aicme do rig `they may rest for that night', Laws i 136.6 .

(b) act of fixing, establishing: ni ar far n-a.¤ i n-ógi gl. [porro autem ad utilitatem uestram dico] non ut laqueum uobís ineiciam (iniiciam, 1 Corinth. vii 35 ) to bind you to celibacy, Wb. 10b14 . do asdud pectho . . . foir gl. adversus prespiterum accusationem noli recipere, to convict him of sin, 29a15 . astad caich in[a] sochar ┐ ina dochar `binding of all to their good and bad contracts', Laws i 50.30 . ni conberedh breth . . . gin teora ailche astudha cacha breithe, 24.23 Comm. is i cetna leac astuga cacha sealbha .i. is e in cetna ni amail lic astus dilsi caca feraind, v 498.8 , 500.2 Comm. ? ni fulangar cuccai go tairi no ast— uadh fri laim brithi in laa sin, Anecd. iii 24.1 . rucus oenfer do a.¤ for diis one binds (proves) against two (Thurn.), ZCP xv 327 § 19 ( xvi 221 ). rucside deichenbur ar fhichit dá fastud `to bind him in his rights', Ériu xi 48.2 . dligid āi a.¤ , Anecd. iii 14.z . ferr a.¤ (astúd v.l.) amaires certainty is better than doubt, Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss. 15.27 . co nastudh sualach, Lism. L. 2460 . do astad a císa ┐ a righi ar eigin foruib , RC xii 74 § 50 . a asdadh i n-aen .i. in trefocal, Auraic. 1027 . a asdadh a ndeichthe `its establishment' (of alphabet), 1022 .

Cf. fastód, fostad, aitside, astaithe, astaigthe.

n (Cf. Hiberno-Latin bes(s)us Latin Letters in Early Christian Ireland xii 207 ). u, m. b.¤ m., IGT Decl. § 95.

(a) habit, custom, usual procedure, practice; manner, way: ni fil linn in béesso gl. consuetudinem non habemus, Wb. 11c21 . iudide ó béssaib, 10d35 . ithæ inso bésse inna fedb `these are the manners of the widows', 29a3 . ishé didiu a mb.¤ adi intí diib bes tresa orcaid alaile gl. more uiuitur bestiarum, Ml. 19d6 . ón bes dóindu gl. homano more, 51d25 . iarsin bǽs doindu, 127d15 . bithbethu iar ṁbes for Dé deis according to custom, SR 1497. modh (ón bh.¤), IGT Decl. § 95 (127.9) . b.¤ modh o eincheill araen (v.ll.), ib. n. 7 . cach cenél dib cona deilb ┐ cona bes ┐ cona aicned foleith (of animals), Ériu ii 126 § 89. gach béas ban da, DDána 114.30 . b.¤ duine dhubhaigh likeness , IGT Decl. ex. 1089. is bes tra . . . briathra na salm . . . do erlabrai ánd `it is customary', Ml. 26c6 . isse a bees . . . fogeir a nggalar in uile corp the disease is wont to inflame etc., Thes. ii 245.33 (Cambr.). is béss didu ind liacc benir (sic leg., note) ilbeim friss, Wb. 4d15 . isé b.¤ ind fir se marbad a óeged, Thes. ii 323.13 (Hy. iv Comm.). With DO: is bées . . . donaib dagforcitlidib molad ingni inna nétside, Wb. 11b6 . is b.¤ tra dosom anisiu, 22c10 . is bes do som tra buith cen chomaccomla, Ml. 28d6 . is b.¤ duibsi . . . ní réidid it is not your wont to drive, LU 5093 ( TBC-I¹ 607 ). is béas don bhláth machuire the field is natural to the flower, DDána 7.3 . With LA and OC: is b.¤ leosom in daim do thúarcuin, Wb. 10d6 . is bǽs linni epert gl. nobis moris est dicere, Ml. 30c3 . ar ba bes la suidib .u. tar hesi ṅí , Sg. 4a9 . ba b.¤ oc Rómanachaib, etc., PH 3291. ní béas eilte d'éis a laoigh / agam I do not practise the habit of a doe bereft of its fawn, DDána 69.25 .

In prep. phrases: (ó) b.¤ , (ó) bésaib: trebait isin cathraig . . . o b.cethecailsi na n-apstal in the Catholic manner of . . ., Anecd. iii 69.25 . Cf. bés (cen bes, v.l.) mora, Lament 88 § 1 . étiud bān bēsaib srotha `white raiment after the fashion of an elder', Ériu ii 66 § 13. ni bia o besaib mogha, Laws iv 16.23 . See Celtica vi 234.z. fo b.¤ : fo b.¤ srotha luaith `in the manner of a swift stream', Wb. 32c16 .

(b) In more specialized sense (particularly in pl.) moral(s), good behaviour: ar chuit óisa et bésa, Wb. 28d24 . cid maith a b.¤ oca thig his conduct, TFerbe 521 . riaglóir . . . / conoathar b.¤ `who preserves good manners' (in a monastery), Ériu iii 106 § 43. intamlid a béssu, Wb. 9a14 . asbera frib coteeet mo béssise gl. uias meas, 9a17 . bési nodaberat inæclis, 28d26 . inna mbéso (`rather bése,' note) sainemlae gl. morum, Ml. 30d15 . ar indí atreba bésu aristotil, Sg. 33a29 . cen buaidred ar do béssaib `no deterioration in thy conduct', PH 7552. do bhéasa ód óige = thy manner, Jeremiah xxii 21. ar bhéasaibh ná ar mhíbhéasaibh, DDána 120.29 .

(c) Legal customary (annual) (food-) rent (glossed biad uais, Laws ii 222.14 Comm.), tribute, etc. (see ZCP xiv 340.19 , Críth G. p. 75 , PRIA xxxvi C 283.25 ): sudiges bēs foruib nō cacht (etymol. of forbasach), Corm. Y 658. turcrec cacha besa of every annual rendering of tribute (Thurn.), ZCP xiv 341 § 3a . ná[d] fuiln(g)e a b.¤ tar molt cona ḟosair. Ma ḟorbera folud a thige . . . co mbí b.¤ a thige and íarna míad, Críth G. 80 , 83 . do berthar boin cech lis a Mumain duit . . . acht na derntar bes de, RC xliii 16 § 10. fri comus a mbesa ┐ a císa doib `to assess their tributes and taxes', Ériu xii 162 § 2. v. tricha in rig do ┐ cis ┐ bes do estib `rent and tribute for the five King's Cantreds', Ann. Conn. 1235.19 . See airchenda

Note also: b.¤ gl. idioma, Ml. 51c25 , 62d8 . dun b.¤ ebraidiu gl. Ebreco idiomati, 71c11 . anat n-uaibrigthi in bæsai cosecarthi gl. ritibus sacris, 100c16 .

Compds. bésgnethid gl. morigera, Thes. ii 3.29 . trisin ṁbæstindrim gl. per tropologiam, Ml. 41a2 . 48c11 .

n (comaithech): ingraide tire .i. ingraid a hindi a comaititin in comaithchi ina thir `the neighbour being cognisant of it', Laws iv 48.19 Comm. cin gach aoin dia comaitce / teit foruib go brath neighbour, ACL iii 315 n.21.5 .

impers. vb. with accus. is (are) coming, is (are) at hand: d.¤ Críst cona soscelu gl. prope est, Wb. 4d29 . ciasberat dofeil laa mbrátha gl. quasi instet dies Domini, 26a1 . tofil fair celiu chucaib sund your companions are coming to you here, LU 1485 (MU). dosfil uli they are all coming, FB § 53 . d.¤ in carpat afhrithisi, TBC-I¹ 1192 . a popa, d.¤ na slūagu dūn the hosts are drawing nigh to us, 1022 . d.¤ Ultu as a ces (chucut, LU), 1716 . tofil in matin n-uairgloin, ZCP viii 418.9 . d.¤ aimser laithe mbratha (leg. aimsir), 195 § 1 . dofuil digail fiadat foraib, Snedg. u. Mac R 13 § 71 . d.¤ éc do Choincholuinn, LL 285b1 . d.¤ deoidh na haidchi, Fianaig. 16.18 . d.¤ sund ingin cach ríg there comes here the daughter of each king, Metr. Dinds. iii 210 . dosfil atuaidh, MacCongl. 5.5 . dochum Cathraigi dodfail unto C. he is coming, Trip.² 2389 . d.¤ for ar tí Tuathal, RC xxiii 420.30 . With redundant inf. pron.: tíag dum' daim | dosfil (dufail, v.l.) in matin m-bánglain, Imr. Brain i 43.22 . apraidh . . . fri firu Erind dosfil dígal mór foruib , RC ix 24.7 . frithalid na firu dosfil far ṅdochum, LL 116b7 . dusfuil ann fath fiarfaige, RC xiv 62.21 . dosfail dar Findabair find, fiallach grinn . . . there comes . . ., AFM i 506 . Pass. as impers.: dofilter chucut ón ríg they are coming to thee from the king, BDD § 7 . dofilter chucaind diar marbad, Anecd. i 4 . is úais nech dofilter sund innocht noble is he who comes here tonight, Dinds. 7 ( RC xv 297 ). In Mid.Ir. occasionally with nom. (in depend. or rel. sentences): dot saerad ó na tigernaighibh diumsacha domfuilet fuirri, CCath. 427 (perh. corrupt). ? atáit na snedha . . . id cholaind, | atait na mila comer | doḟuilet | a Chonaill, IT iii 88 § 102 . is sí ind ráth-sa dosfailet this is the `ráth' where they abide (nosfuilet, dia fuilet, v.l.), Metr. Dinds. iii 130 .

Often approximating in meaning to subst. vb., and in some cases simply an extension of O.Ir. fil: ni sinn rotla ot soillsib . . . dadotfail . . . imbithphein, imbithdorchib since thou art in perpetual pain and darkness (?), SR 1747 . do fuil a adhbhur sin acum ar C., Acall. 3906 . isin t-shechtmad bliadain arna breith don fail he is in his seventh year, TBC-LL¹ 1254 . d.¤ úadaib thair sin chnucc | fert Dodera, Metr. Dinds. iii 228 . gráid cen dlecht . . . d.¤ (dusfuil, v.l.) fair lecht mBreisse the grave of B. is over him, 222 . o shain . . . dofail a hainm úasa her name is upon it, 302 . is dia roimsib retha . . . d.¤ ainm in locha that the lake derives its name, 408 . Common in rel. clauses: in t-íchtar biástaide d.¤ leo fo uiscib, Dinds. 42 ( RC xv 433 ). cach Temair olchena d.¤ i n-Éire, 50 ( ib. 444 ). is and conclaid Nās a raith ┐ is i a ainm dus fil .i. Nás, 20 ( ib. 316 ). innis dam . . . cia ri d.¤ for Loch Léin, SG 235.34 . ro-sói isin síd . . . condofil i leithríge in tsída, 257.25 .

d.¤ do (of possession) falls to: d.¤ ghnūis as grāto dō, TBC-I¹ 62 (LU).

n ill-conduct (?), wilful mischief or injury (?): cin gach aoin dia comaitce | teit foruib go brath | ar cach n-elgainecht (.i. dobesa) da-gnead | is ed foglaind cach, ACL iii 315 n. 21 = delgainecht .i. dobés, O'Dav. 696 .

adj o-ā (forbais ?) one who makes `forbasa' (?), conquering, victorious (?): f.¤ .i. sudiges bēs foruib no cacht (i.e. one who imposes tribute or bondage), Corm. Y 658 . flaith firian forbhassach (of God) SR 7786 . As npr. m. Forbasach, AU 713 ; 770 . Forbosach, 778 . Forbusach 835 . g s. Forbassaich, Rawl. 159b49 . Forbasaigh, AU 785 . Forbusaich, 775 ; 821 .

n (farc-, foirc-, fairc-, O.Ir. prob. -siu ; no occurrence in Glosses, cf. faircsiu, MR 24.10 below). f. (vn. of for-aicci, ? also for-cí, Bretha 56 ) g s. forcsen, BCrólige 65 (but see below). forcsi, LU 5404 . d s. oc forcsin , 7004 . Later also n s. faircsin, g s. faircsena BDD 65 Eg. faircsi (g s. ¤, n p. ¤, ¤dha) IGT, Decl. § 3 . fairgsin, fairgsi (= faigsin) III § 4 .

(a) surveying, overlooking, beholding (often from a vantage-point or post of observation): dond aes bátar oc forcsin o na longaib, LU 7004 ( BDD 65 = aes na deiccsin Y). co tanicc ... do ḟaircsi in oenaig, IT i 128.16 . táeit nech d' ḟarcsin maigi Mide da ḟiss in tecat U. ind, TBC-LL¹ 5018 . rogab ic forcsi ┐ ic fordescain in tíri, CCath. 3423 . ag midhemain ┐ ag fairgsin na ceatharairde, Leb. Gab.(i) i 242 . luid ... d' [ḟ]arcsin Elena isin cnoccdindgna, LL 231a28 ( TTr. 1027 ). gin faircsi neich do neoch dia denumh no one seeing anyone doing it Marco P. 52 . With FOR: ag faircsin for nellaib aeoir, MR 76.20 . fer forcsi spy, scout LU 5404 (cf. fear fairgsi, IGT, Verbs § 4 ). fer fairgsena, LL 235b5 ( TTr. 1368 ). buaid farcsena, TBC-LL¹ 663 . lucht a faircsena those who saw it Fl. Earls 120.22 . edh fairccsiona range of vision AFM vi 2092.6 . dar fuinneógaib ... faircsena (i.e. eyes) MR 270.12 . cona clodmailgib ... ic folach ... faircsena na feinned `obscuring their vision' 180.12 . sliabh na Fairgsiona, Ériu viii 135.25 . Faculty of overlooking (?): eirg, ... do dhéchsain na fledhi ... ár at maith do thaidhbhriudh ┐ tḟaircsiu for nách ní atcífithea, MR 24.10 .

In Laws, of witnessing or being passive spectator of some occurrence or action, involving in some cases legal liability : slán fairgse mbrogaid mbruidrechta ... (.i. slanti aithgena a feoir ... on ti bis ac firdechsin), Laws iv 48.12 , 16 (of looking on at illegal grazing). saer fairgse (an eye-witness having `saer' status) v 442.20 . gell foircsen ... issed gell forccsen ... bis i llaim neich bessa set co brith no deroscc, Laws v 376 , see ZCP xvi 409 n. 2 .

(b) examining, inspecting: cis forcsen fola ? `what belongs to the surveying of a wound ?' BCrólige 65 (but Thurn. suggests that forcsin (n p.) may be the true reading here, ZCP xx 372 ; for cis with n p. see also Bergin Ériu xiv, 140 ff ).

(c) aspect, appearance: faircsi tri folt fair the appearance of three kinds of hair LU 6541 = TBC-I¹ 2563 . foircsi gruamdhachta foruib do gres, Lism. L. 4463 . linnti ... co faircsi neamglaini ... forro, CCath. 964 . mesu isí fein inas a forcsi she herself was worse than her looks 4035 . ha hadbul ... f.¤ ┐ frithaileam na ndrong sin for muigib mac nI., Alex. 473 . re forgrain a faircsena with horror at the sight of them, MR 180.16 . ba haoibhinn ... faircsin chathrach R. don fforadhchnoc, Fl. Earls 26.24 .

(d) geall forcsean uinge = a pledge equivalent to an ounce acc. to Thurn., ZCP xvi 409 . See for-aicci (II).

(e) (g.) of equal value; equivalent (?): lulaicce indruicce tar eisi inngither (?) .iiii.orai lulaca forcsin 'in place of a perfect milch cow, four equivalent milch cows are given' CIH vi 2231.15 , EIF 75 n. 61 . doberar do suide caura forcsen don liaig 'a young (?) sheep is given to the leech for this' Bretha 26 § 8 . mad bruider cairiu forccsen do suidiu 'if it be a bruider, a young (?) sheep for him' 30 § 13 .

n (grūamda) ā, f. grimness, gloom, sullenness : atcim gruamdacht in for ngnusib, CCath. 5121 . foircsi gruamdhachta, ar se, foruib dogres, Lism. L. 4463 . lá dorchachta ┐ grúamachda, Joel ii 2 .

n o, m. (Lat. laicus, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 203 , but native word according to Watkins, Celtica vi 241 n.l . but see also Ériu xxx 75 ).

(a) layman , as oppd. to manach, occas. oppd. to clérech: laich ┐ laicesa ┐ aes tuaithe adragar fri flaith laymen and laywomen are ruled by their chief, SM Facs. 47a (`heroes and heroines', Laws iii 14.28 ). airchindech laich lay `erenagh', Laws v 118.4 . laich .i. grad flatha, Laws iii 16.1 Comm . luid dochum laich saidbir, LU 1210 . bendacht aine foruib uile laechaibh clerchib, BB 280a7 . i comthinoltaib l.¤ ┐ clerech, IT i 192.16 ( FA 31 ). laoch a laico .i. ōn tūata, Corm. Y 794 . laoch alaico .i. popularis , O'Mulc. 777. i corpaibh laech ┐ laiches ┐ aosa cravaid, Aisl. Tond. 102 § 3 . laech = laicus, Lat. Lives 105.12 . cid clērech glan gāeth / cid lāech cid fer grāid, KMMisc. 264.2 . teichidh d'feraib Teftha, laechaib, cleirchib, RC xviii 292.19 . biaid buaid cleireach ┐ laech uaid dot eis, Irish Texts iii 6.22 .

(b) warrior (eventually in this sense only): cāinlāech Luigdech, AID i 53 § 3 , Celtica xi 125 . Iæch cen locht, AID i 59 § 2 . olc damna laích, LU 4938 ( lōich, TBC-I¹ 453 ). cinnas laeich what kind of warrior, TBC-LL¹ 1813 . is bresta ┐ is mor in laech, YBL 137b23 . tricha set d'airig forgill ┐ cet laech lais, Laws v 46.24 . cet laech .i. fer ad cota buindi (leg. buidin) cet a cath, Laws v 48.7 Comm . ingen lāich as luchru a Laignib, Bruchst. i 18.35 at lāech, a Ḟlaind, 12.20 . laech caem cendlethan, TBC-LL¹ 5205. a láich láin, 3487 . dorinit . . . duma for na degdainib ┐ leca ar laechaib ┐ ferta ar na fenedaib ┐ cnuic ar na curadaib, Ériu viii 56.8 . roḟeit in l.¤ lamḟota, MacCarthy, 206 § 6 . laoich goirminnse finne Fáil, DDána 71.21 . ag leadradh laoch, TSh. 6670. With qual. gen. laich gaili, Sc.M² 6R . TTebe 3384 . Attrib. g s. lamthapad laeich, Grail 3735 .

(c) pagan (a calque on Lat. laicus 'pagan', Ériu xxx 78, 90 ): cetmunter no caillech aithirgi dogní gol for laiech no laithes, Ériu vii 170.7 . erglanad eclaise ó laechaib ┐ laiches[aib] ┐ coitreb caillech, O'Dav. § 542 . Compds. In meaning (b) only. Freq. as expletive and for metrical purposes. With vnn.: laech-airlech, MR 238.16 . láechbrised, Fianaig. 90.17 . laochbhualadh, Comp. CC 130.6 . Also with n. pr. in sense of heroic : Laochlugh, L. Cl. A. B. 97.100 . láech-Níall, Ériu iv 96 § 20. Cf. laechluirc, Anecd. ii 35 § 12. Láechrí see Corp. Gen. Lugaid láechcurach (: curad; láechMuman, v.l.), Three Historical Poems 134 q. 82b (v.l.).

With nouns: ¤aicme: in tres láech-aicmi hErend .i. in Gamanrad i hIrrus Domnand, ┐ cland Dedad hi Temair Lochra, ┐ clanna Rudraige i n-Emain Macha, IT ii2 215.23 . do chlú laochaicme Laighneach, DDána 117.24 . ¤aire : cethrar laech-airech, MR 242.12 . ¤arm: oro ghabh a laocharma, Hugh Roe² 240.27 . ¤bás: laochbhás mo Dhé, Aithd. D. 58.24 . ¤biad: in liach dia lessaighther in laec[h]biad, O'Mulc. 768 . deogh níadh maraen ┐ a laechbhiadh, BB 370a33 . ¤bidbu: in láechbidba, Sc.M² 24c . i lamaib a laechbidbad, MR 154.21 . ¤bile: ar laechbilib lebar-sciath, MR 230.25 . ¤bríg: laechbriga gl. lochbríga, IT i 214.26n . ¤briugu: laechbrugaid amra, IT, ii2 225.1 . ¤bruinne: i cridib curad ┐ i laechbrunnib láech, LL 238b49 ( TTr. 1634 ). ¤buille: laechbhuillibh, Acall. 4740 v.l. ¤chenn: ag faicsin na laochchenn arna leabarchuaillibh, Comp. CC 133.3 . tri láichcind, IT i 102.10 . ¤dair: laochdhairghe, Top. Poems² 882 v.l. ¤dorus: ra línait na láechdorais, LL 227b33 ( TTr. 742 ). brisit . . . laochdoirsi na Bruidne, RC xxi 324.15 . ¤ḟer: ós na laechferaib, ML 84.21 . ¤ḟess feast fit for a warrior : róthail (leg. rothomail) in chummatsin Conid and asbert Eochaid a meic is laechḟes insin. a quo Laechfes ┐ laechfessaich, Rawl. 126b42 -3. ¤ḟoirenn: ar laechḟoirnib Laigen, MR 124.4 . ¤imda: nir luíghis at' laechimdaid, MR 296.13 . ¤irgal: isin laechirghail sin, Stair Erc. 874 . ¤ládus: laochládus iomdha an chon chlamhualaigh `prowess', Ó Bruad. i 80 § 3 . ¤lainne: doficfa a laechluinde, RC xiv 404.20 . ¤lám: Lugh na láechlámha, Anecd. i 31 § 50 . día láochlaimh, Duan. F. ii 96 § 106 . ¤lann: for Muir Libis na laechland, LL 313 . ¤lár: for laeclar tige Temrach, BB 46b16 . laechlár int sídha, Acall. 395 . ¤léim: ic tabairt a laechleime, Acall. 2873 . ¤lenb: co rucadh co tempull na ndee an laechlenub, Stair Erc. 106. ¤lerg: ar an laochleirg, Caithr. CC 19.22 . ¤les: go crīch Laighen na laochles, ML² 849 . ¤lestar: lódmar isin lōechlestar, MacCongl. 35.26 . ¤lía: do saith le a laimh in láochlíag, Duan. F. ii 78 § 48 . ¤loinges: luadail na laechloingsi, Leb. Gab.(i) 80.22 . bás tóesech na loechlongse, LL 1987 . ¤lorg: in laechlorg imreamar iarnaidhi, Stair Erc. 1074 . ¤mac: laochmhac Airt / fraochshlat mur Earcoil ordhairc, L. Cl. A. B. 136.51 . ¤machaire: laechmachaire Laigen, Acall. 4109 , 5234 . laechMachaire Lí, 6045 . ¤mag: os lāechmaig Lí, ACL ii 48 § 15 . ¤marcach: i lLaignib na laechmarcach, ZCP viii 106.5 . ¤míl: saergheinealach . . . an laechmileadh, MR 98.2 . in dá laighin . . . isin laoch-mhílid, ML² 1687. mergeda for crandaib illamaib lóech-miled, PH 2628 . Licid láechmilidh, CCath. 2085 . ¤mír : teora laechmíreanna d'feoil, CCath. 5201 . ¤muinchenn: laechmuinchinn na fairge, SG 242.35 . ¤muinntir: ag gach . . . dar laochmhuinntir, DDána 384.21 . ¤múr: tar uilinn laochmhúir na hEmhna, Ériu viii 134.20 . ¤nós: mac Loegaire co laech-nos, BB 230b20 . ¤recht: mac Lugdech in laechrechta, MacCarthy 198 § 4. ¤smech (smeig): a leacan a laec-smeigead, MR 184.y . ¤thech: barracks : doratad . . . isin laechtech mór bói ar comair drechi in dúnaid, LL 253b46 . etir loech-thigib ┐ griananaib ┐ tigib talman, YBL 181b4 ( SG 255.30 ). ¤thenga: cossa, láma, láech-thengtha (in a list of guarantees), Metr. Dinds. iii 10.112 . ¤úall: mac Lugdech na laechuaille, BB 230b25 .

With adjj.

(a) ¤banna: ingen Lugdach loechbanna, Metr. Dinds. ii 84.54 . ¤beóda: do ghaibh go lúthmhar laochbheódha . . . aige laochbhualadh, Comp. CC 130.8 . ¤bres: co líth-baile láechbress, Metr. Dinds. iv 176 § 5 . ¤buan: inmain lecht l., Sc.M² 24a . ¤dána: co láechdána leómanda, Comp. CC 109.31 . ¤dond: fogur gotha . . . / meicc láechduind Locha F., Ériu iv. 96.4 . ¤imda: longphort . . . laoch-iomdha, ML 74.13 . ¤lán: ba lucht do cach luiṅg laechláin, LL 357 ( laechbain, BB 21a31 ). ¤mall: síl Labrada láech-maill, Metr. Dinds. iii 12.144 . ¤mas: ua Mogha lámha laochmhais, Caithr. CC 75 . senchas Átha Luain laechmaiss, Metr. Dinds. iii 366.4 .

(b) With adjj. formed from nouns: ¤buillech: ingin lescbáin láech-buillig, Metr. Dinds. i 8.38 . ¤ḟessach: see ¤ḟess above. ¤armach: longport lethan laocharmach, AFM vi 2098.19 .

n o, m. g s. lis, Laws v 320.15 . LU 8380 ( FB 25 ). DDána 29.30 ; 73.12 . d s. lius, Laws iv 198.18 (Bechbretha). AU 916. LU 10753. a pl. lesu, Cáin Ad. 21. lisu, Ériu ii 56 § 13. lissu, LU 6572 ( lissiu, TBC-I¹ 2057 ). Later also as u, m. leas (ó dhá chéill), IGT Decl. § 95 (127.14) and g s. leasa, L. Cl. A. B. 277.146 . Keat. Poems 496. TSh. 6604. Lesa an Doill, AFM iii 178.16 (an. 1213 ). Later also n s. and a s. lis: liss (: ḟiss a s.), Ériu iii 104 § 33. lios, MR 288.7 . TD 5.1 .

(a) the space about a dwelling-house or houses enclosed by a bank or rampart , farmyard, courtyard : dorus lis gl. porticus, Ir. Gl. 580 . lios .i. teagh no baile, O'Cl. be[i]ch bite i llugbart no i lius, Laws iv 198.18 (Bechbretha). oircc peata bis a lis no a faithche, 108.9 . bis a lis, .i. tall. No a faithche, .i. amuich, 110.17 Comm . i cuaird lis sluaig, v 320.15 . craebh cu toradh aicce ina garrgha no ina llis, O'D. 2284 ( Rawl. B 506, 26a ). cethruime coibche fia lucht aen lis ┐ aen baile, ┐ og-coibche a sechtar lis in the presence of those dwelling in the same l.¤ , Laws v 294. 9 - 10 Comm . Cf. ni théit mac neich do thig araile acht mac óenlis, Ériu ii 206 § 26 (`of a single steading'). ic tiachtain ar ammus a liss ┐ a léis ┐ a machaid (of the Donn Cúalnge), TBC-LL¹ 1539 . lis ┐ tighe ┐ airlisi, H 3.18, 10b17 . i liss fo leith, IT i 71.9 ( LMU 6 ). co closs fón less uile, IT 67.7 ( LMU 1 ). duntar in less, LU 5003 . ba hosluicthe l.¤ ┐ tech foruib , IT iii 550.36 . totaet C. issind l.¤ a tri cet co mbatar for lar in dúini, 23 . nipsa chúsa gabála lis, LU 9325 . fri l.¤ anechtair, 8852 ( FB 64 ). for fordorus ind liss immach, LU 8718 ( FB 54 ). liss airslocthi, LU 8714 ( FB 53 ). isind otruch for lar ind lis eter na conaib, LU 8380 ( FB 25 ). na coic thigi filet isind lis, Anecd. i 4.12 ( SCano 96 ). Almu Lagen, l.¤ na Fían, Metr. Dinds. ii 72.1 . tecmalla A. a ḟolad ┐ a inmass issin less ┐ gabtha fair a l.¤ , Irish Texts i 34 § 7 . is caingen / bith frisin less n-imdangen, Auraic. 5125 . less no cat[h]air no caislen, CCath. 5581. do aclai a l.¤ beos iarna adnacul do Pirr in ferainn sidein, BB 4a40 . buinne lindghlan láimh re leas, IGT Decl. ex. 1671 . lucht an lis-sin (sc. Hell), DDána 29.30 .

(b) a (large) settlement, probably within an enclosure, and by extension a city, part of a (monastic) complex: a dul-si isind l.¤ caillech, Mon. Tall. 130.20 (§ 7) . itir lisu lann, Ériu ii 56 § 13 (`amid monastic enclosures', Murphy Lyrics 9 § 13 ). Ard Macha do loscadh . . . cosind lius abbaid huile, AU 916 . airc[h]innech lis ōeiged Chrīst, ACL iii 308 § 29 . lia mór . . . co roacht an t-uisce less n-abaidh Cluana, AFM ii 598.11 (an. 918 ). l.¤ martradh (cf. Martartech), Laws iv 86.19 Comm (`probably a churchyard', n. Cf. cell martra, O'D. 1674 ).

(c) a palisade or stockade; by extension rampart : .v. ṡéoit i ndul tara l.¤ díchmairc, Críth G. 210 . comérgit Ulaid ara ammus. araill dib for less. araill for dorus liss over the rampart . . . through the gate, LU 5017 ( tar less . . . for dorus lis, TBC-I¹ 528 - 9 ). focherd bedg dar na tri lisu, RC xi 452.148 . lingid Cú Ch. i n-ardai co mboí for tulchinniu ind lis, MU² 911. co ndringitís for foradhaib ┐ for lesaib do décain Hectoir, TTr.² 1094 . ag leim na lios, Rel. Celt. ii 242.x .

(d) a ringfort, circular earthwork : ro ir dam .x. ratha .i. lis, Ériu ii 4 . bai Ailill a comriachtain fri mnai a taib in lis, ZCP i 104.13 . tainic … co Lis in bantrachta bodes ┐ ro tṡuidh in sluag uile ar in raith, Acall. 5515 .

Freq. in nn. loc. grían Liss móir, Fél. June 25 . Dec. 3. Corbmac mac Cuilennáin, epscop Lis Móir, AFM ii 598.7 (an. 918 ). rogab Lugaid i lLius Breg / gíallu Gall ┐ Gáedel, Metr. Dinds. iv 136.33 . do thigh an fhilidh Muiredhaigh Lesa an Doill ua [uí] Dálaigh, AFM iii 178.16 (an. 1213 ). See also Hog. Onom.

Compds.

(a) With noun. ¤chlár: dá chúis daghra leas-Chláir Luirc, DDána 73.11 .

(b) With adjj. ¤aíbinn: muighi loma lesaíbhne, IGT Decl. ex. 150 . ¤lebar: ós do thír lisleabhair longchlannaigh, DDána 114.10 .