v ( Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 533 ). Forms: Indic. pres. 1 s. ad-gaur, Thes. ii 228.30 (PCr.). adgairim, LU 10289 . 2 s. adgair, Laws ii 118.24 . 3 s. adgair, Laws v 100.21 . -acair, Laws i 102.x . 2 pl. atgairith, Wb. 9c22 . 3 pl. adgairet, O'Dav. 136 . -acrait, Laws v 118.10 . Pass. sg. adgairther, Críth G. 61 . -agarthar, Cóic Con. 29 § 12 . -acarthar, Ériu xvi 181 § 20 . -acarar, Ériu ii 206 § 26 . Pl. -agartar, Cóic Con. 29 § 12 . Ipv. 2 s. -acair, KMMisc. 262.13 . Subj. pres. 3 s. ad-gaura (ad-gara v.l.), Anecd. iii 26.6 . -acrai (acro, v.l.), 22.22 . Fut. 3 s. -aigera, Laws i 272.11 Comm. 3 pl. -aicerat, Laws i 116.26 Comm. Pass. sg. -aigérthar, MR 294.2 . Condit. 3 s. ad-gérad, Ériu xvii 70 § 13 . ( Laws iv 220.7 ). Perf. 3 s. adobragart, Wb. 19b5 . Pass. sg. adrograd, Wb. 3c22 .

Verbal of necess. agartha, O'D. 546 (H 3.17, 436).

Vn. acrae.

Later as simple vb. acraid. IGT Verbs § 47 .

(a) adgaur no duttluchur gl. conuenio, Thes. ii 228.30 ( PCr. 60a5 ). adgairim firu chóicid Chonchobair immá rig, LU 10289 . is and adragart Sencha . . . ``na curid cor díb'' or se called out(?), IT i 67.9 . adrograd cath uadib impu battle was offered(?), LL 22531 ( Dinds. 158 ). doberthar in cath acruim `the battle will be fought which I proclaim', Fen. 376.19 .

(b) sues, prosecutes, impleads, accuses: ní dilgaid a n-ancride dogníther frib act atgairith `but ye complain of it (i.e. make it a cause of action)', Wb. 9c22 . sech ni acrathar ni tacrathar `neither suit nor levy is made against them' Ériu xvi 181 § 20 . deoraid bis for snadugh ni acuir ni acurthur i.e. he has no ordinary legal status O'D. 48 (H 3.17, c.43). fer adgair ┐ adgairther, Triads 161 . ni agarur nach cintuch acht do roith logh fiach adroillithur, Laws ii 14.y . ni agraid filidh acht fioruibh fer fatha, Ériu xiii 17.26 . a[i]r ad-gérad cách di threbairi mani dénta[e] ruidles de `for everyone would sue on the ground of the owner's responsibility', Ériu xvii 70 § 13 ( Laws iv 220.7 ). is co nog-dire . . . atgairter `it is impleaded with full díre', Ériu xii 83.23 . nach coimdedh beas mo logh ne[i]ch adgair fri hinbleoghuin of that which he claims against the surety-kinsman, Laws ii 14.19 . in file . . . acras in mhed na dlighenn, i 58.17 Comm. is e in lin coibdelach acerus in rath, ii 208.25 . curub grad sechta ac aidbred a sét ac duine is isli inás ┐ curab nech ni adagara, O'D. 1632 (H 5.15, 17). is ed adgair o rigaib `this is what he sues from kings', Laws v 100.21 . ite cealla ind-so o nach acrait airchindig a leasa, inge ma deoru De atgaru uadaib ar etgo i n-eclais De, 118.10 . rohagrad Cúchulaind annsin ó Ultaib C. was then sued by the Ulstermen, Ériu i 126.1 . re foraithmet na fala ro haccradh etorra that was a matter of dispute AFM vi 2266.6 . aigeóraidh sé an domhan, John xvi 8 . dá n-agra coir 'n-ar gcoinne / tagra ni fhoil agoinn-ne if thou urgest sin against us, DDána 25.4 . . . . dá ngéar-agra / an troigh 'san taobh `if Thou bringest against me the wounding of Thy foot and side', Dán Dé xvi 15 . d'éigsibh Éireann is anait / ionnmhus dā n-agraid Bréithnigh if the men of B. should demand wealth, O'R. Poems 2054 . agrais Muire . . . / mar nar dhiúlt dí o thosach he implored Mary, A. Ó Dálaigh l 28 .

(c) Various: adobragart gl. [quis] uos fascinauit [non obedire ueritati], Wb. 19b5 . ( Galatians iii 1 ) leg. fascenauit 'he [the Devil] has seduced you ' Ogma 239 , 'bewitched' LOIG 39 . In phrases, a.¤ x imm y sues x for y: mas a naenfecht ro hacrad he im fiach a laime , Laws iii114.z . créad an chóir . . . fa n-aguir inis Alban, TD 24.4 . a.¤ x i(n-) y: nech donair for imdecht . . . cén mbes sorchu al-lá ní hacarar ind he is not sued for it, Ériu ii 206 § 26 . ná hagair inn sa gcánaidh, DDána 24.24 . do agradaois a ghaol isan gcion `they would sue his kin for the crime', Keat. i 68.16 . agraim ad ghealladh thú I earnestly beseech you in virtue of your promise, Mac Aingil 320 . aigéoram in gach gellad dibh-sin é, BCC 116.33 . a.¤ x for y sues y in the matter of x: sechipe tra adgaura in cain-si in domnaig gid fora athuir, Anecd. iii 26.6 . co nderna cert frit do neoch adgair fair `in what thou suest him for', Laws ii 118.24 . ni acuir in fechiumh for in cintuch in aithghin, 16.9 Comm. ná hacair for cill (chill v.l.) `do not sue the clergy', KMMisc. 262 § 15 . nī ba hē cētní aicēras demon form-sa īar n-dul anúnd, MacCongl. 25.3 . in adbaid a naigérthar uirre a h-uilc (of the soul) MR 294.2 . ni h-anagra acht fir flatha agairther oirne, 160.11 . mairg ar a n-aigeora a ḟuil, Aithd. D. 68.12 . agraigh sé orra a choingheall `forces his terms upon them', Content. v 102 . agrais E. . . . / a chunnradh ar Coin gCuluinn, DDána 82.24 . do agair a fhīch ┐ a aimréir ar Ulltaibh vented his anger on, ML² 1199 . mun agaradh a fhuaith ar bhoin `unless he vented his hatred on a cow', Ó Bruad. iii 170.12 . looks after, tends (cf. ar-gair): i tig fir adgair búar maige Tethrai, Comp. CC 26 § 17 . ni tualaing ben ro-ria ni sech oen a cenn: ada-gair a athair i-mbe (leg. mbi) ingen . . . ada-gairet a mme[i]cc i-mbi be clainne .i. urgairid a athair hi ínas (leg. anas) ingen do hi her father looks after her when she is a maiden (un married), Ir. Recht 35 § 38 . forbids, prevents: rafetarsa as peccad comaccobor hore adrograd gl. nam concupiscentiam nesciebam nisi lex diceret: non concupisces ( Romans vii 7 ), `I know that concupiscence is sin because it has been forbidden', Wb. 3c22 . adgairet .i. urgairet, ut est dechmada ┐ primiti ┐ almsana argairet ré cuaird dunebath i.e. tithes etc. prevent the plague, O'Dav. 136 .

n u, m. áes m. (g s. and n p. aeis, aesa), IGT Decl. § 38 .

People, folk, those who, etc. Almost invariably with qual. clause, adj., or noun in gen.: áis fil oc turcbail grene gl. qui primi hominum solem uident, Ml. 94b18 . ?dommuinetar indóini is (indoiss, MS.) ferc do insin, 49b7 . dond aos bís illobrae `to those that are lying sick', Mon. Tall. 148.9 (§ 56) . genaiti áesa a Tenmag Trogaigi, LU 3521 . a Athair na n-uile aos `Father of all folk', A. Ó Dálaigh xxix 4 .

With follg. adj.: int ais amprom `the wicked ', Ml. 31c6 . int óis anfoirbthe `the imperfect folk', Wb. 13c13 . ind aiso boicht `of the poor ', Ml. 31c1 . in n-áis déed `the lazy folk', Wb. 25c19 . aithbeoadh aois éidtreoraig `a resurrection of all feeble folk', O'Gr. Cat. 485.1 . int ais firian `the righteous ', Ml. 55d11 . tairisem ind aiso firien, 54a13 . ni forcital óisa foirbthi `of perfect folk', Wb. 8c3 . ind aosae galrich `of sickly persons', Mon. Tall. 146.27. (§ 52) . dar cenn ind óesa lobuir `for sake of the feeble folk', Wb. 10c11 . int ais lósc `the blind ', Ml. 45c9 . in n-aés moith ┐ anfoirbthe `the tender and imperfect', 45b17 . ind áisso noib `of the saints ', Ml. 27c2 . inna fochaide dobertar forsin naís noib, Ml. 27b15 . in t-aes ócc óetedhach the young , TTr.² 1218 . aes sruith superiors , Trip.² 2115 . cen imcomet aesa sruith, Laws iii 510.2 . With follg. noun in gen. (for similar phrases see fer, lucht): áes . . . airechta members of an assembly , O'D. 544 ( H 3.17 c. 435 ). bhur náos énúaire sojourners , Levit. xxv 23 . áos aithrigi ` penitents ', Mon. Tall. 131.z (§ 11) . in t-aes cairdiusa ┐ caradraidh friends , CCath. 233 . óis carcre ` prisoners ', Wb. 28d30 . áes comchotaig allies, partners , LU 4637 (TBC). aes comgnima co-operators, fellow-workmen , Laws v 156.18 Comm. aes cotalta sleepers , Laws iii 220.23 Comm. don aes na deiccsin (leg. -sen) the watchers , BDD² 589 . aithgabail aesa ecolsa ` ecclesiastics ', Laws ii 120.5 Comm. fíad áes enig, LU 3903 ( SCC § 41 ). áes gráda retainers, counsellors : ar marbad a muintiri, ocus aessa grada, ocus a comalta, Cog. 62.2 . tugudur a aes gradha mur comurle dó, ZCP vi 273.4 . is and sin do gluaisetar a glanaos gradha gu hO mBriain, ITS xxvi 63.25 . do gluais uathad da aes grada, Ann. Conn. 236(s.a. 1315.11) . ro airc Feidlimid iar sin aes grada Ruaidri h. Conchobair, 1316.4 . for aes n-imthechta messengers , TBC-LL¹ 148 . mian ngalair aesa inhuitir `sick craving of invalids', Ériu xii 20.1. (BCrólige). á.¤ láime actual perpetrators: is iat is aes laime ann lucht in combaiti, Laws iii 252.13 Comm. ( lucht laime , 8 ). æs mancuine `personal retainers ', Ériu xii 40 § 50 (BCrólige). oís muntire gl. domistici Dei, Wb. 21c4 ; 21b12 . do óes oifrinn congregation at mass, Trip.² 1386 . ar n-óis rechto `we folk of the Law', Wb. 31d1 . int ais sechmaill `the passers-by ', Ml. 102a15 . romtar óis teglig `folk of (His) family', Wb. 7b13 . ond áes tuaithe from the laity , Wb. 28b32 . Esp. to denote an occupation or calling: óes cherdd craftsmen or poets , Críth G. 281 . int aos creth poets , ACL iii 310 viii 3 . a.¤ dána artists, poets , see dán. a.¤ gráid men in orders, see 1 grád. a.¤ gráda favourites, confidants, etc. see 2 grád.

Folld by gen. of a place-name: áes an Arda (= Firu Arddae § 1), ACL iii 296 § 35 . for aes mbabelone `the Babylonians ', Ml. 107a5 . áis inna ethiobae `those of Ethiopia', 94b22 . á áis siriae `O Syrians', 66c12 . aes na Temrach, BDD² 159 .

In nn. loc. see Hog. Onom.

o, gender uncertain, see GOI p. 448 . Vn. of ar-icc. Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 552 .

(a) act of finding, obtaining; acquiring: ordd airic fil fuiri gl. x . . . quae nouissime a Latinis assumpta post omnes ponitur, Sg. 4b9 . Cf. ord arric crutha na ndul, Laws i 26.6 Comm. ara airiuc far diull tanaisiu `for its being found in the second declension', Sg. 106b20 . re n-a.¤ éta ┐ω gl. sicut etiam apud antiquissimos Graecorum erant ante inuentionem η et ω, 5a11 . is cuit airicc camai ni gaib airechas gl. inuenio igitur legem resistentem uolenti mihi facere bonum, Wb. 3d8 . is suaichnid sund tra as rect maid asmbeir do airiuc túas gl. legi Dei, 10 . a.¤ .i. faghail, ut est a.¤ cinn Johannis ( Fél. Feb. 27 ), O'Dav. 75 . is andso fri ha.¤ `it is difficult to acquire' (of learning a game), Ériu v 30 z . cuithchi airricc `a pitfall', vii 152.16 .

(b) act of inventing, devising; invention, contrivance, plan: aireacc .i. inntleacht, O'Cl. ēces .i. . . . ēcmacht a ches d[o] airiuc i cetheora rannaib fis filidechta, Corm. Y 538 . cethardai condagar da cech elathain .i. locc ┐ aimser ┐ persa ┐ fáth airicc the cause of composition, Fél. 2 . fath airic, Laws i 26.9 . caide loc ┐ aimser ┐ persu ┐ fath airic in ogaim? BB 308b44 . fāth airicc a dēnma .i. do díchor in luin crāeis, MacCongl. 3.10 . ros-bendach Dia na dúile ┐ ro faillsig fáth a n-airicc the reason for their creation, Fél. 2.33 . issed cethardha ara taisilbthar int psailm alis personis: airecc intliuchta ┐ gnathugad cetail . . . inventiveness of mind, Hib. Min. 5.160 . frith airecc ingnadh ┐ elada firglicc le muintir C., CCath. 2139 . dognítis airci druadh ┐ brechta nua, 3956 . dus cred aireacc do ghendais da saoradh ar dhilinn, Leb. Gab.(i) 10.7 . in fuigbi airicc dī tresa roised in tarb do comaentugud fria . . . is í airig forfuair in cerd .i. bó cranda do dhénum dhí . . ., ZCP iv 238.27 . conidh edh airecc fuairset cuibhrighi do chur fair (of conspirators), BNnÉ 296 § 30 . is e airic arancatar Greic each cranda do denum plan, Aen. 416 . bá sé airecc ar rainicc lais celcc do indell, AFM vi 1976.y . ba hi so . . . oirecc pene nua fogebthea forru a new means of inflicting pain, LB 156b55 . ? aireg .i. sgíath, ut est Táin: mo a.¤ dam a Láigh or C., Ériu xiii 64 § 34 . aireac .i. sgiath, Stowe Gl. 23 . arach .i. sciath, 200 . ? deil i na.¤ laime , O'Curry 591 ( H 3.18, 291 ). See Lochlann ii 211 . In cheville: amru aireg, Anecd. i 57 § 61 . In phrase A.¤ menman device, plan, project: basedh aireag menman arriocht la hUa nD. `this was the plan adopted by O'D.', Hugh Roe² 168.6 (fo. 43a) . conad hi a.¤ menman forfhuair `project', Marco P. 191 . ba mor . . . aireg meanman na mban so resourcefulness, Leb. Gab.(i) 158 n.8 . contuiled cach n-aidchi oca comaidecht do airic menman conda thainic a sult ┐ a feth `he used to sleep every night by her side comforting her', Ériu xii 156.3 (TE2). In title of a tale: a.¤ Menman Uraird Maic Coisse, Anecd. ii 42 ; `Verstandes-Erfindung', Heldensage 21 .

(c) providing, supplying (food, entertainment, etc.): trian a toraid cacha bliadna doratsat fria haireac (of a feast), BB 255a41 . dochōid for m'einech . . . a.¤ (tairec v.l.) co A. ┐ M. co mbúaib, ZCP iv 44.29 ( TBFr. 363 ). oc airiuc don t-ṡlúag os a cind, IT i 67.3 (LMU). coma hairec(h) aibhnisa d'ocaibh . . . eisteacht . . . , pleasure , BB 257b15 . Esp. in phrase a.¤ tuile waiting on, pleasing, satisfying , see tol I (d).

(d) act of determining, guiding: luamhaire . . . do a.¤ no do fhollamnacht na hecalsa, Lism. L. 2741 . doréir in tsenaidh ┐ airicc in popoil `by the will of the senate and the finding of the people', CCath. 76 .

n o, m. (? cf. Sprache xliv 43 ) (but cf. g s. airthema, LL 12540 ). Also airthem. n p. airtim, Sc.M² 23 . a p. artemu, ZCP xviii 297.7 . Name of a measure of length , (according to glossators the fist with thumb extended): a.¤ .i. feardorn ut est . . . airdide in t-a.¤ uasa .i. in feardorn, O'Dav. 129 . naoi nduirn a fot, a.¤ [a] leithe (of a joint of meat), Laws ii 238.14 ( ZCP xiv 348 ). a.¤ .i. airdiu de indem a eimh fair, in ordu as a chinn suas anairde, 240.1 Comm. ro erigh a lon laoich . . . comba sithremightir airtimh n-óglaigh, TBC St. 2328 (airnem v.l. see note). dodechatar a dí ṡúil asa chind combat sith[ith]ir artemh fria chenn anechtair, TTr.² 1475 . fot n-airthim os chind ind ḟir, RC xxii 398.10 . secht traigid eter a ó ┐ a beolo et .vii. n-artim eter a da ṡúil, Ériu iv 26.9 ( LL 12483 ) = vii n-ardaim, BB 247a45 . secht n-artim fo thrí tadbain / gulban cach óen-eóin angbaid, Metr. Dinds. iii 258.25 . Perh. wrongly in: a cur ar muir . . . ┐ airtim tri ndornn ina laim do dichur aithite in aedhair, O'Curry 2250 ( Eg. 88, 18(19)b ) = geann orda tri ndornn, Ériu xi 98.22 . in biail innraic, a.¤ fod a genned, 884 ( H 3.18, 395b ). Note also: ro buí airther láime din claideb tri trúaill anechtair, in t-arther láimi sin . . . (airth—, arth—, MS), BDD² 1004 (ed. suggests reading airtem).

n o, [n.] (see GOI § 266 ; n. gender may survive in forms cited under II below). Later m. oirthear m., IGT Decl. § 11 .

I

(a) front part: in n-a.¤ in tigi, BDD² 1006 . i n-aursain n-airthir thige, Críth G. 216 . i n-airthiur ḟoitsi, 590 . ar-sesatar cornairi āraith cuslennaich airthiur `the horn-blowers . . . sat in the front part of the house', Ériu xix 83 § 14 . langp[h]etir . . . itir cois n-īarthair ┐ cois n-arthir biis . . . aurchomal . . . itir dā c[h]ois n-airthir biis, Corm. Y 812 = iter di chois chind, LB. i n-airthiur a chind, TBC-LL¹ 257 . iar nairthur `in front', Laws ii 238.14 ( ZCP xiv 348 ). [i]ar n-airrter, Lism. L. 2221 . míl . . . airrter eich lé `horse's mane', 2217 . Perh. mistake for airtem in: ro buí a.¤ (airth— MS.) láime din claideb fria trúaill anechtair, BDD² 1004 .

(b) the east: dí gréin airthir Liffi, Fél. Dec. 9 . fir oirthir Midi the men of eastern M., Trip.² 843 . lotar iar n-a.¤ do Ch. A. eastwards , 2855 . i n-oirther Bladhma, Sc.M² § 23 . o iarthur co airthiur, TBC-LL¹ 839 . adíu go a.¤ ṅ-hErend, 5705 . ó oirrther an domhain, Parrth. Anma 3774 . iter in muir nI. iar n-airthiur ┐ muir nE. ar n-iarthur, TTebe 2605 .

COMPDS. ¤-deiscert the south-east: ind airthiurd. na hEtaile, Trip.² 244 v.l. ¤-mag, Anecd. ii 2.1 (airmag v.l., Airne F. 28 ). ¤-thúaiscert the north-east: dá rind ága . . . airthirthuascirt in betha, LL 221a29 ( TTr. 296 ). -thúaiscertach: i nulinn airthirthuaiscertaig na Dési, Trip.² 2329 .

II Of time: isin maitin mana.¤ morning of the second day following, TBC-I¹ 3089 (or pass. of mandraid?). lotar īarnanairter do eill A. the next day but one, ZCP viii 106.25 . dochodur arna n-orther co M., Ann. Conn. 1230.4 (= tangadar arna mharuch, ALC). amárach atá m'féil ┐ a n-oirrcher féil na ban-óighe the day after tomorrow (of Maedóc Ferna and Brigit, whose obits fall on Jan. 31 and Feb. 1), BNnÉ 275 § 254 . sul bus tráthsa nach n-oirrther before this time comes again, SG 73.11 . do toirmisgeadh truagh an cion / le síol Néill ar n-a noirthear (`n-a.¤ dhiaidh sin arís', notes), DDána 86.10 . aniú ┐ a márach ┐ a noirrther, Luke xiii 33 . Note also: oirthear .i. tosach aoise an duine, TSh. 172 .

io, n. Later f. Vn. of ad-noí. In later lang. with dental inflexion in pl. n p. aitheanta, DDána 20.4 . aichenta, SG 16.32 . g p. aitheantadh, TSh. 9691 . Note also n p. aithnighi, ZCP vi 83.22 .

(a) Act of depositing, handing over, entrusting. In Laws used of the handing over or depositing of any object of value with another person apparently either for safe keeping or on loan; also of the object so handed over, abstract and concrete applications not being distinguished. ? atait secht treaba . . . ariscuille coir urnadhma a.¤ ar cia loiscear ni tuillit aithgin seven houses in which according to correct procedure for binding contracts a pledge may not legally be deposited(?), Laws v 160.2 . secht n-a.¤ . . . na dlegat a taisic seven deposits . . . which need not be returned, 190.13 . atait secht n-a.¤ . . . dlegait a taisic . . . a.¤ laime do laim etc. seven deposits which must be restored, 196.1 . na huile a.¤ uile ro haithnighedh do duine all the deposits which have been entrusted to him (= sét, 5 Comm.), ii 304.15 Comm. trian isan a.¤ naenuaire `for taking charge of property for one hour' (during a battle), iii 218.23 Comm. cidh fodera co fuil trian ar a na.¤ seo ┐ co na fuil acht dechmadh is na aithnibh aile? 220.3 Comm. cid fodera co na fuil acht leth fiach isin a.¤ so ┐ co fuil lan fiach isin na.¤ eile? 500.13 Comm. aithni láime . . . a.¤ sula . . . a.¤ tengad, O'D. 938 - 9 ( H 3.17, 659a ). ingairi an aithni, O'Curry 240 ( H 3.18, p. 135 ). an a.¤ do dena duine d'a cheile . . . da ndechad amugha as ic do, O'Curry 302 (ib. p. 166). a slechtaib aithni . . . don tí da tugad ar oin no ar a.¤ , 2460 ( Eg. 88, fo. 37(38)c ). in cutruma . . . do ic o fir in tigi re fir na ha.¤ , O'D. 348 ( H 3.17, c. 268 ). corus aithni aracan fénechus, 938 ( H 3.17, c. 659a ). O'Dav. 692 . im oin ┐ im a.¤ ┐ im airlegad, Laws ii 280.4 Comm. sét óna no a.¤ , i 248.11 Comm.

In non-legal texts: a n-a.¤ gl. depositum, Sg. 66a26 . maraith sercc céin mardda a.¤ love remains as long as gifts (?) remain, Thes. ii xxii 1 . tri dorcha in betha: a.¤, ráthaiges, altrom `giving a thing into keeping', Triads 249 . trí a.¤ na dlegat taisec: a.¤ n-écuind ┐ ardneimid ┐ a.¤ fuirmeda, 157 . atcota aichne augra `giving in charge begets strife', RC xlv 63 § 17 ( Anecd. iii 11.13 ). aithnedh (a.¤, v.l.) tāinic ūad / ara rīsedh slān `the deposit that came from him' (i.e. the soul), Ériu iv 238 § 17 . cach n-aithni co coimdi every pledge is to be protected, ACL iii 228.73 . ba comrar aithni tuath ┐ ilcinel na h-uili Aissia it was a chest for the wealth of all the peoples and races of Asia (of a city), BB 444a32 . In cheville: dob olc an aithne, Content. xvi 70 . Of entrusting a person to another's care: dursan dam t'aithni dot aileamain . . . do mnui meblaig I am loathe to entrust you for nurturing to a treacherous woman, TTebe 2234 . do chaithfinn m'a.¤ d'Iosa I must commend myself to Christ, Dán Dé i 2 . sinn don aingeal gar n-a.¤ (i.e. Michael), DDána 99.44 .

(b) act of commanding, enforcing; command, behest: a a.¤ do cogad do dhenamh `exorting him to fight', Cog. 147 n.12 . ar a.¤ m'uachtráin at the behest of my superior, MS. Mat. 550.14 . cuiriss (viz. an pápa) a letrecha ┐ a a.¤ co n-a shēla mōr go priōir L., Fl. Earls 142.16 . ro thōcoibset na doctūiridhe de ier gcor a.¤ i n-a aghaidh against his orders(?), 144.18 . ní droch-a.¤ dhamh `it is not a bad principle of mine', Content. xviii 112 . Of enforcing payment of debt: rīg do aithne na fhīach, MacCongl. 45.25 . ? élud a.¤ athgabáil, Metr. Dinds. iii 18.224 (things not allowed during an assembly). In scriptural sense commandment: ga mhéud a.¤ ann? — deich n-aithenta, Parrth. Anma 2120 . tuccad na haithnedha do Móyci, Maund. 48 . crann na ha.¤ (the forbidden tree of Paradise), Dán Dé iii 6, 13 . mar do choill Éabha an a.¤ , DDána 6.8 . cúig a.¤ na heaguilse the five precepts of the church, Mac Aingil 3104 . cuirid fa a.¤ ar enjoins on: do cuir fa a.¤ orra dul isin oilen he enjoined on them to go to the island, ZCP xi 122.17 . cor chuir Dia fa a.¤ ar C.C. rí Alpan do denamh d'Aedhan, 126.11 . a cur fa a.¤ orra gan Cormac do chur docum bais, BCC 278.23 .

ind ( an + echtair, GOI § 483 ). Adv. from outside: ma do ti eiseart co treabaire lais a nechtair, Laws iv 128.11 (`der von auswärts zu seinem Land zurückkehrt', Bürgschaft 84 ). With idea of motion much reduced outside: amal tegdais foratochar deglí a.¤ ┐ is fás a inchrud ammedón, Tur. 14 ( Thes. i 485.21 ). roghabhastair uime thairis sin amuigh a neachtair lúireach throm, ML 112.3 . In combination with prepp. fri . . . a.¤ : donaib naimtib bite frie a.¤ `to the enemies who are outside it (the tabernacle)', Ml. 40c15 . a mbaí C. fri les anechtar, Trip.² 1467 . ardrach forru fría tír anechtar, 2684 . ro buí airther láime din claideb fria trúaill a.¤ outside its sheath, BDD² 1005 . fria chend a.¤ , TBC-LL¹ 1268 . a leth i teinid ┐ a leth fri teinidh annechtair, Ériu xi 46.4 . unsea ra dún anair a.¤ , MU² 526 . foscichret i crandchor íarum. Fáicebthair Lugaid fris a.¤ `L. will be left out of the chance', RC xiii 444 § 24 . ni fil fri hiarraith a.¤ `something in addition to', Laws ii 170.8 . diablad do frisin re sin fil fris a.¤ `the time (during which) it has been taken away from him', v 248.32 Comm. di . . . a.¤ : robdar édghadha dia ccorpaibh aineachtair, AFM vi 1918.9 . for (ar) . . . a.¤ : tromluirech . . . for sidhe a.¤ `outside that', Stair Erc. 244 . Fig. cardes sliasta Medba air sin a.¤ and M.'s friendship as well, TBC-LL¹ 108 .

As quasi-adj. with substantives: ind oís anechtir `the outland folk', Wb. 16d12 . intan mbís rí a.¤ leis inna thúaith, Críth G. 561 . a fot fri dún . . . a fot anechtair on the side nearest the `dún', on the outside (of a rampart), 572 . athgabail ambui a.¤ , Laws v 260.y . in gilla turusa . . . .i. fer a.¤ foas aen aidchid lat, i 160.y Comm. ind óic annechtair donnáncatar, TBFr. 139 . flaith coṅgbála co slúagaib a.¤ , ZCP xi 86 § 44 .

See díanechtair.

n Also appar. anna (Lat. annus) year: oena.¤ fri derosc laimi `one year (is the period) for the verdict on a hand', Ériu xx 46 § 37 = oen and fri derosc laime , Laws iii 534.20 = aon a.¤ fri derusc laime . . . aon oni is unus ┐ anna oni is annus, unus annus aonbliadhain uair anna aon bliadhain, O'Curry 1816 ( 23 Q 6, 45 b ). ? no co tuca na teora anna imchiana aran ré, co roib fine gotha fine crotha, fine bésa (if the paternity of a child is in doubt it is to remain with the mother for three periods), O'D. 778 (H 3.17, c. 558) = teora hanna, O'Curry 1052 (H 3.18, 437a). ? tri doim ┐ tri tindi ┐ tri dabcha cach anna, Anecd. i 11.10 (emended by Thurn. to cacha nóna, see SCano 339 n ). Cf. annaid.

v (* ess-len-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 566 ). Also as simple vb. éilnid. pollutes, defiles, violates: aslenaimm gl. luo, Sg. 54a8 . gl. attamino, 17a1 ; aslennim gl. attamino , ZCP xxi 281.13 . gl. ceno (= [a]caeno, Ascoli 155 ), Sg. 173a4 . aslenim no fledigim gl. ceno coeno, ZCP xxi 281.21 . aslentis a menma fadesin tri adéitched, Ml. 74c3 . in loc diambu thabarthi ermitiu feid . . . atléntaissom, 22a4 . arruneillestar gl. profanante, 63a14 (see GOI 418 ). lase nad reildisem-ni, 63d15 . lase asrulensat gl. ritús profanando, 74a3 . dun elled asslentar huanaib salaib corpthaib . . . du cach escmun aslentar hua drochgnimaib, 92d12 . aslentar gl. profanari, 129c17 . aslentae gl. reconcinarier(mistaken for conquinare, Thes. ii 117 ), Sg. 64a18 . asrollennad gl. pulluta est, Ml. 124d17 . roheilled gl. uiolatus, 127a13 . asrulenta gl. inquinatæ sunt, 28a22 . asrulenta gl. impiata sunt, 100c18 . arnā hēilnet a cairpthiu oc dul for cāi that they may not dirty their chariots when going on a visit, Corm. Y 1082 . uball .i. . . . Eba-eill .i. īarsindī roellustar Eba fair isind imarbus, 1272 . eillneadh .i. cinidh, ut est, ni eill Iacob ar lepaid a mic .i. nirbo cintach, O'Curry 573 (H 3. 18, 285). ar na roelnitís roisc in nóib o básaib na n[d]óine necraibdech, RC ii 388 § 13 . ro elnebair . . . in eclais, PH 4590 . rohelned . . . hi o sacurd in tempuil she was violated, Rawl. 73b28 . gura héilned ┐ gura coirbed in fhuil ass isna lestraib, Alex. 539 = rohelnistair ┐ ro corp in fuil ┐ dodechaid asna leastraibh, IT ii2 98 . michoimédaich ┐ elnid ar soboid-ne (sic) they defile our sabbath, YBL 141a26 (cf. PH 2587 ).

In Laws freq. of the besmirching of a man's honour and resulting cancellation of any legal privileges due to his position (Plummer MS notes): nach sal aslén(n)a ainech duini bíit a trí ocá díunuch, Críth G. 308 . a tri . . . atlendai miadh, Laws iv 344.15 . ceithre gona . . . nad eillnet coimge laime , 252.18 folaid core fri fine . . cennib gaeth acht nis nellne a baés, iii 54.4 . it fastaide a sochuir ┐ a dochuir . . . acht tri cuir .i. manchi ┐ gialna ┐ ni as-lēn fini, ZCP xv 311 § 7 gl. 1 . cuir aslénat orba .i. mainche no giallna, ZCP xiii 23.21 . cach indligid atlen ua ┐ iarmo ┐ innua, O'Curry 2246 ( Eg. 88, 18(19)a ). les-ainm lenus .i. inní islen . . . co n-aslenand, Laws v 230.3 Comm.

Cf. éilnigid.

Vn. éilned.

io n

(a) course, progress: is gnāth la Fland, lāthar n-āne, / bāre sech a dīne to outstrip his (own) generation (?), Bruchst. 11 § 19. sóiset a mb.¤ dia brath / co tarb nDáire maic F. they turned their course, Metr. Dinds. iii 370.47 . mo bh. tar muir mbarcláin, BS 30.9 . b.¤ baíse wild or wanton course: co tanic mac . . . P. ar a baírí baissi ina ruatur rabarta, BB 430b48 . ina ruathar righmiledh ┐ ina baire baíssi, Stair Erc. 283. Cf. Oliuane / na tarat bari for baís, LL 16480. Of a child's play: ar a bāire baīsi a coimidecht a oide, ML² 13. cnuic áille ar ar hoileadh mé / oirear mo bh.¤ baoise, DDána 88.31 .

cenn báiri goal, destination: is cucainni cenn a báiri it is us he makes for, Sc.M² § 9.5 . rachaidh mé dar mbaileine / mar a bhfuil ceann ar mb.¤ , Magauran 800 . a Moling . . . / gus' tuccus cend mo bhaire towards whom I have directed my course, Anecd. ii 24 § 18 .

(b) goal, aim, object; victory: fácbaid sund fri b.¤ mbil / liac láime cech láech-ḟir, Metr. Dinds. iii 116.99 . bruthmar b.¤ , ii 2.2 . b.¤ breath-ṡoluis gacha bréithre (a prince), MR 108.18 . neach nach tréig b.¤ an bheatha / téid beatha as sáimhe seocha, Dán Dé vii 3 perh. to be assigned to (a). lá b.¤ `Victory Day', PBocht 3.30 . is ruathur ratha, is rót do báre, TBC-LL¹ 5343. a bhuille bh.¤ na mban `master stroke' (to the Blessed Virgin), PBocht 13.45 . buailfidh Dia a bhuille bh.¤ , 3.1 .

(c) game of hurling; goal: búaid ṁb. ┐ immana, TBC-LL¹ 971. ros fuc (sc. in liathróit) dar brúach ṁbaire uadib, 904 . ag imirt an bh.¤ , Oss. iii 118.4 . ar mhachaire an bh.¤ , ZCP v 211. 253 (Mid. Court). ar gcur bh.¤ having scored a goal, DDána 105.6 . ro chuiris an b.¤ trí huaire ar Chairbre, Oss. iii 56.19 .

v (d) With beirid.

(i) directs one's course (attack), proceeds, sets out: nima rucsam ar mbaire / nima lodmair sec Lere, CS 136.13 (an. 827 ). iss ed ruc a báre . . . co rígu Sparte, LL 31293 ( TTr. 477 ). beiridh baíri mbruthmar . . . dochum na debhtha, 405bz 0 . i dtráth beirthe an bh.¤ at the moment of attack, DDána 48.29 . Fig. monúar ámh nach daoinleith ro iomáinset ┐ do bertsat a mb.¤ , Hugh Roe² 264.20 . Cf. AFM v 1860.6 .

(ii) wins, gains the victory: gach āen 'ga mbīa in marbnad-si, / budh hē bērus an bāiri, ZCP xiii 17.28 . in fer . . . / beirios b. ar cach cuaini, SG 61.10 . ní rugamar an b.¤ ar a chéile, Oss. iii 118.7 (Tór. Dh.). rug b.¤ ar gach aonlocht hí, DDána 32.5 . gnaoi Rōisi ag breith bhāire, O'R. Poems 973.

With other vbs.: mo lic láimhe / . . . / bid breo brisfeas báiri, Manners and Customs ii 280. n. ar mbuadugad cacha b.¤ ┐ ar maidem cacha mórchoscair, MR 244.21 . dias do maoidh baire um Berbha, LL 394.5 .

n ā, f. Also bos. bos bas, IGT Decl. § 39. See ZCP xviii 111.

(a) palm of the hand : bass `palma', Ir. Gl. 94. na bassa gl. palmas, Gild. Lor. 58. ní bí acht oen díb for a bais (of a juggling feat), BDD² 1168. benaid a hurlond fria bais co ba trí (of feat with lance), 1234 . éicnech ra imluaid a bais / ar a ḟindgruaid Enechglais, LL 7126. rosṁbī Brigit fria boiss (bois, v.l.) `against her palm', Thes. ii 346.5 (Hy.v). isat bána do bassa, TFerbe 711 . etrocht b.¤ fo beind mbuabaild bright the hand about a drinking-horn, IT iii 19 § 54. oc ool usci da bois builid, SR 1893. do bhárr a bhoise no imaineadh cach aeghaire feis cacha fidbaidi `with the palms of his hand', MR 100.18 . ro-s-buailset dia mbassaib ┐ dornaib a gnuis, PH 117. dearg an bh.¤ gidh bé ar a geall `red His hand', Dán Dé ix 16 . a-tá 'gan chol b.¤ rem béal `sin raises its hand against me', xxiii 31 . as a basuibh bairr-gheala, Ériu iv 112.26 . gur buail b.¤ Críst in comlaid, 116.22 . ruc leis e ar bharr baisi he took him by the hand, 56.22 . dá ngabha mo bhais, Aithd. D. 40.10 . le bárr méir baise, Hackett xx 22 . daringni rethrean rebach bossi di (sc. of the spear of Saturn), LL 31778 ( TTr. 967 ). In name of a metre: debide baisi fri toin, IT iii 18 § 49 , bosi, 46 § 71 .

With prep. I in possession, control : an tir na bhais gé do beadh `in his hand [possession],' Miscell. Celt. Soc. 412.17 .

In phrase b.¤ do thabhairt fá to reject : b.¤ do thabhairt fá bhréagánaibh an tsaoghail, TSh. 6984.

As object with vbs. of beating, striking, expressing grief or other emotion: adsoirg a bossa la sodain he beats his hands (of Bricriu on seeing his ruined house), LU 8383 ( FB 25 ). robuailsetar basa leo `they smote their palms', TTebe 2253 . rontuaircc a uassv ( = bhassu), Aisl. Tond. 93 § 2. tug . . . / treas fan uaigh ar bualadh bos, Rel. Celt. ii 234.40 .

Of capacity: co tuca nech dib . . . bais gráin do `a handful of grain', Laws iii 382.7 Comm. bass dina fertsib immon creitt `a handful ', TBC-LL² 4819 . Of hoofs, claws, etc. of animals and birds: b.¤ ind Ḟind `the White Bull's hoof', Metr. Dinds. iii 372.17 . co ruildetar a mbossa ┐ a n-eti dind usciu (of birds), LU 3265 ( SCC 6 ). cét mb.¤ for cach laim ┐ cét ningen for cach bais (of an infernal monster), RC iv 252.27 . nosnáitis muir dia mbossa ( = mbassaib, ed.) `they (i.e. ravens) paddled the sea with their feet', Metr. Dinds. iii 258.2 . eoin bas ndearg, Aithd. D. 9.9 .

(b) Extended applications: ballan boisi boighi .u. uingi `a boige is a small vessel with a handle', O'Dav. 201. do basaibh na ruádhrámha blades, CCath. 1934. do bhais fidraidh corcra cruind `with . . . wooden oar-blade', Magauran 1284 .

(c) As measure of length or breadth: ceithri orlaighi i mbais, teora basa i troighid, Laws iii 334.20 Comm. (see ZCP xiv 358 ). tinne laime .i. b.¤ a tiget a tinne, ii 252.8 Comm. is inann in fiche dorn so ┐ in tricha b.¤ tall i mbrethuib neimhe, 23 Comm. trí bassa téchtai: bass etir a assa ┐ a ochrai, bass etir a ó ┐ a berrad, bass etir chorthair a léined ┐ a glún `three lawful handbreadths', Triads 222 . ba cáilithir b.¤ (= unius palmae mensura), Aisl. Tond. 100.3 .

Compds. With adjj. ¤gel having white hands: Ainnli baisgel, IT ii2 137.13 . ¤lebar: slat bhoisleabhar ón mBóinn mir (of Maguire), DDána 75.42 . ¤lethan (of a horse) having broad hoofs: gabur . . . b.¤ , LU 8626 ( FB 47 ). -seng having slender hands: síodhaidhe boisseang (of Maguire), DDána 70.10 . With subst. and vn. ¤béimnech beating of hands (to show emotion): nuall . . . ┐ basbemnech ┐ ecaine, LB 154b35 . ¤orguin act of beating the hands: dogní in bosórguin se oc gait a bíd aire ar écin, LU 6927 (BDD). See basc(h)rann, basgaire.

n o, m. g s. beoil, Sg. 14a16 . n p. beóil, Wb. 7d9 . a p. beolu, Wb. 3b11 , beula (gl. ora), Ml. 19c9 . beulu, 35d22 . belu, Thes. ii 251. 16 . d p. bélib, Wb. 7d10 . b.¤ m., IGT Decl. § 61.

I

(a) In some exx. explicitly lip , in pl. lips, but here usually mouth: don b.¤ gl. labio, Ir. Gl. 107. Gild. Lor. 139 § 40. tri beulu dlútai gl. fixis labris (17), Sg. 6a18 . ni radi ní trí thalmaidchi, amal dundchuirethar inna beulu as it rises to his lips (`as he takes it into his lips'), Ml. 35d22 . anasberaid hó bélib `what ye utter with (your) lips', Wb. 7d10 . anasbérat mo beiúil, 12d12 . (of a hag) tacmaicced a b.¤ íchtarach coa glún, LU 6828 (BDD). i socraidi labrait biuil (: Iúil), 3875 ( SCC 38 ). niamdai a beóil partardeirg (partuingdeirg, v.l.) her crimson lips, IT i 69.8 . ( LMU 4 ). co ṅditned a srona ┐ a beolu `so that it protected his nostrils and his lips' (but perh. transl. nose . . . mouth), CCath. 5265. folcuit a n-aighti uile lena mbélaib úachtair upper lips, Maund. 176. beoil lethna thick lips, Marco P. 187. cúiseach bind asa bēalaibh `sweet piping from her lips', Ériu iv 174.15 . maille siabhradh beóil ( = labium . . . pervertatur), 23 K 42 , 54.14 . do scoltad an croimbeoil ┐ in béil iocht[a]ir of chapping of the upper and lower lip, O'Gr. Cat. 191.z . baile .i. maith . . . digbail dubha baile bel .i. is maith í o belaib no i mbel `from lips or in mouth', O'Dav. 224. (in application of an incantation) imbir in da mér . . . it bélaib, Thes. ii 249.11 . doberar in salann i mbelu `the salt is put into the mouth', 251.16 . asoilgg a bēolu . . . combo ecna a [g]inchrāes, TBC-I¹ 396. (of a witch) a beóil for leith a cind her mouth in the side of her head, BDD² 540 . gebid dano cenn in tarra ina béolu, Sc.M² 17.6 . do-lleblaing int éicne ara chend, ┐ gabsus inna béulu took it in its mouth, TBFr. 209. an tan immoro no berid an leg laun ina beolu `when he used to put the ladle full into his mouth', RC xii 86 § 91. nicon acca beolu eich / amal beolu ín liathainigh, IT iii 68.2 . inbat budig do bēoil do shainól ┐ do shainait, MacCongl. 77.4 . secht traigid eter a ó ┐ a beolo . . . ┐ secht n-artim inna bélaib, Ériu iv 26.9 , 10 . acht nad neibre dod belaib nama `although thou hast not said so by word of mouth', Laws iv 108.1 Comm. cuit mo b.¤ (term of endearment), LL 18576.

(b) mouth in sg.: sróin súil b.¤ , Ardm. 434a marg. (220va). i cinaid do laime, do sula, do thengad, do beil, Laws i 156.32 . issin ṁb. tacras sin in the mouth that asserts that, MU² 369. laech . . . belmar . . ., meit a beil beolu eich, TBC-LL¹ 5400 n.4 . fuil rochuiread tara bel ┐ dara sroin, TTebe 2414 . beiris i n-a bheōl . . . ar lampa airgit seized a silver lamp in its mouth, Fl. Earls 138.1 . Note also: na beula gl. ora, the mouths (?), Ml. 19c9 . Fig. gá tarbha an béal do bheith lais / 's an intinn in-a éagmhais, Dán Dé xxii 20 . an b.¤ dúnta as eadh budh ḟearr better be silent, IGT Decl. ex. 1285. Prov. is binn beál ó bheith iadhta, Dánfhocail 55 . By metonymy person : cerd cach ṁb. .i. eladu cech duni do ḟoglaim ar dáig forcitail caich (`art for every mouth', RC xxvi 22 § 62 ), LL 24410. crochadh ar bh.¤ na bréige! `perdition (lit. a hanging) to him who tells the lie' (Gloss.), LBranach 1072 . b.¤ na psalm (nickname of St. Fintan), Mart. Don. Mar. 27. Grigoir Béil óir `Gregory the golden-mouthed', BNnÉ 172 § 16 .

(c) In phrases: derg-mír i mbélaib lit. red (raw) morsel in (the) mouth apparently of property illegally acquired or attached: atait tri deirg-mireanda naidet usa a mbelaib cacha hecalsa (glossed: is indligthech do'n eclais a ngabail cuichi o belaib, 432.3 Comm. ), Laws v 430.22. at-ballat, ¤bailet (a) béoil with poss. or foll. subj. gen., see at-bail(l): co n-aplat a beoil i mmbron (leg. mbrōn ?) ┐ toirrsi `they perish', Ériu ii 114 § 38. Note also: bás fort béolu, Fing. R. 72 `death on your head!' RC xiii 378.11 .

(d) Of the mouth as the source of speech: iss ed bói i mbēlaib cáich this was the common talk, ZCP viii 317.26 . go rabhadar na lán béil ┐ buanteanga ag gach aon that they were a continual subject of conversation to everyone, RC xiv 28 § 6. lán beóil don ríoghfhuil Bhranoigh, LBranach 3581 . budh lán beoil an Brianachsoin, Studies 1925, 253 § 6 .

By extension word(s) ; subject of talk : fer na ropeccaig o bel na o gnim `in word or deed', Ériu v 20.2 . idna beoil integrity of speech, LL 3901. roiarfaided o Fiachroig Muillethan . . . dia belaib his advice was asked by F., ZCP xiv 156.14 . gurab mó do theagascdaois . . . ó theagasc beoil ioná ó scríbhinn by traditional instruction, Keat. ii 976. (explanation of the name of Eogan B.) b.¤ cach tuaithi ina thimchell `the mouth [i.e. the acclamation] of every country round about', SG 64.z . b.¤ cach flatha ina lenub / ar ó Fiachrach foltlebur, 65.2 . In phr. breth a b.¤ féin self-judgment, -doom: atetha breth do b.¤ (sic leg.) féin duit, RC xiv 430.8 . co tucsat Gaill breth a beoil fein d'O Neill, AU ii 270.8 . In adv. phrase ó óen-b.¤ unanimously: o aen bel, PH 7233. dh'aoinbheul, Luc. Fid. 2856. Legal. cor b.¤ , see 1 cor 12.

II Applied to various things resembling lips or mouth .

(a) edge, rim ; mouth of cavity, orifice, opening : b.¤ gaili, a mbél an gaile ( = orificium stomachi), RSláinte 3698. do fínégra ar b.¤ an gaile `on the pit of the stomach', O'Gr. Cat. 193.25 . b.¤ cridi (used as term of endearment): a bél mo chraidi, ACL iii 243 § 24. edge, opening of wounds: bador beoil na ccneth ag claoi a cheile, ZCP x 292.9 . a lomma cro ic teprisin dar belaib na n-alad batar fair, Grail 685 . rucc b.¤ na cneidhe chum a chéile ┐ ticc sele fuirre, ITS xvi 42.13 . Other applications: co fil āit a beōil isin c[h]loich fóss ann `the mark of its rim (i.e. of a bell) is still there in the stone', BColm. 64.9 . sileadh deór rúadh ar ruisgne / mur uisge a beól (mbéol v.l.) úar eisci like water out of a vessel (?), IGT Decl. ex. 1081. mé is b.¤ na cróine ar mo chind, ex. 81 . lase foruillecta beóil in chalich di mil, Wb. 7d9 . īadais indala sūil . . . asoilg alaile comba mor bēolu fidchōich as large as the orifice of a wooden bowl (?), TBC-I¹ 395. b.¤ dabcha ele 'na b.-si anúas (of one vat turned over another), BColm. 72.6 . (of a bag for chess-men) a ferbolc, is amra sceúil / de ór imdernta a beúil opening (`rim'), Fianaig. 14.22 . go bhfuilti claoidthe . . . a mbeul an tsaic (of opponents silenced in controversy), Luc. Fid. 4127. béil a ngunnadh `the muzzles of their guns', Rel. Celt. ii 194.11 . (of prongs of pincers) do briseadh teanncuir an ghobhann, ┐ an t-īarann dearg 'na beal `with the red-hot iron in its jaws', ZCP ii 562.30 . beola crot ┐ bolg ┐ buinne `mouths of harps and bags and pipes', RC xii 108 § 163. the eye of the upper millstone (Studies on Early Ireland 16 ) : iss e sin doberimsi a mbel in muilinn si, RC xiv 52 § 62. upper of shoe: bróg tar teach do teilgeadh leam . . . nar bhean tall a b.¤ fa a bonn `a shoe whose upper was detached from its sole was thrown at me' (Notes), Bard. Synt. Tr. 2.z.

(b) Further extended applications: mén mara .i. bel na mara, O'Cl. ( mēn .i. bēl, Corm. Y 948 ). fri beolu mara, Trip.² 1581 ( = in sinu maris, Lat. Lives 33 § 25 ). dá thraigid .x. lethet a b.¤ the width of its opening (an earthwork), Críth G. 571. (of Tara) deis fri Banba, b.¤ fri Bóin `her front towards the Boyne', Ériu iv 92 § 3. tir cen beula without entry, Corm. Y 674 ( Corm. 22 ). tir cin toin cin beolu bis itir da ferunn cin conair `ingress', Laws iv 158.14 Comm. cuiris comla dar a b.¤ (a well), Metr. Dinds. iii 326.19 . triall istech tar beolu na hecuilsi `threshold of the church', Marco P. 173. léigthear suas beoil na bruighne `portcullis', Aithd. D. 3.19 . siar go b.¤ na sráide `the entrance of the street', AFM ii 900.2. Of gunwale of a ship: chuir iad am beòil mhòr re chèile, SGS xviii 107.1 .

III In phrases with prepp.

(a) prepositional. With A: crithre sin a beól (mb. v.l.) bhruithne sparks from boiling heat (?), IGT Decl. ex. 1296.

With AR (FOR): huare romboi ar belaib tempuil `in front of the Temple', Ml. 48d8 . ar beolu diabuil `before the Devil', Wb. 3b11 . gontai Cūchulaind, co tabrad a marb ara (ar, LU) bēolu a brāthar, TBC-I¹ 1637. ar belaib ind ríg ( = in conspectu regis), Lat. Lives 10.8 . arbelaib (.i. a fiadnaise) fer nErenn, ACL iii 14 § 31. finta cia as toisech fodla ┐ ar a ndentar bélaib `before whom it is made', RC xiii 446 § 26. cathair . . . for bel ḟasaigh dhimhoir `at the edge of a great desert', Marco P. 20. dán bog ar bh.¤ na slighiodh `on the open road', Studies 1918, 617 § 5 .

Freq. of replacing in kingship, headship, etc. one who had the normal claim, before, in preference to, in place of : rogab F. righe ara belaib, RC xvii 233.32 (Tig.). gabais C. flaith ar belaib a athar, Ériu iii 142.4 . an crioch do ghabail for a belaibh `to snatch . . . the country away from him', Leb. Gab.(i) 226.5 . mar tugadh ceannas na slógh / ar bhéal Éibhir d'Éireamhón `to Ê. rather than to Ê.', Content. xvi 33. With verbs of coming, etc. do-tét indḟine ar beolu de(i)rbḟine `the ` indḟine' comes in front of (i.e. is preferred to) the `derbḟine', Ériu xvii 64 § 3 ( Laws iv 206.7 ). D. . . . do beith ag dol ar bélaibh a athar `attempted to depose', AFM vi 1891.1 . an tánaiste do theacht ar beulaibh mic tighearna an fhuinn `that the tanist takes precedence of', Keat. i 66.6 . dul fora mbelaibhsiomh `to anticipate them', Hugh Roe² 172.2 .

With FRI (RE) before, at, close to; on the point of : fri beolu báis on the point of death, Fél. 74.19 . cen bith ria mbeolu oc airiuc thuili dóib not to be close to them, Fing. R. 432. ag so anois an bás rem bhéal close to me, Dánta Gr. 63.15 . re béal a theachta don toigh `before its reception' (of the Blessed Eucharist), Dán Dé xviii 2 . cosg fiabhrasa re b.¤ mbáis, Studies 1919, 613 § 12 .

With I N- i mbeolu, i mbeól, i mb.¤ before : in bo boi 'na beola sin `that was in front of her', Dinds. 142.10 . a mbeol an dunaidh `in front of the fort', BNnÉ 187 § 27 . do-chífe bárc a mbeól chúain `in the harbour's mouth', Ériu ix 168 § 46. towards, to : do-bhir im béal teachtaire `He sends a messenger to fetch me', Aithd. D. 83.3 . sgath dealg 'na beol muna bheath `had not the thorn-points been in the way', 95.20 . over, across : seolais iarsin Brenainn . . . i mbéolu (a mbhél, v.l. , = for beluibh, Lism. L. 3590 ) in aiccéin iongantaigh, BNnÉ 97 § 5. Note also: ro herbad da oclach lais da chur i mbeolu na tuinne to cast it (an infant) upon the sea (?), LL 14623 ( ZCP xii 273.17 ). do chur a mb.¤ mara ┐ mor-fhairrge set adrift on the open sea, KMMisc. 313.13 . a mbēl na h-oibre at the beginning, ML² 1.15 . i mbeol airechtais at the very beginning of sovereignty (?), Ann. Conn. 1410.2 . ni ḟuil amuigh gidh seól síth / crích nach fuil a mbeól a bláith, IGT Decl. ex. 992 . i mbéal a tharbha do thoigheacht, Aithd. D. 25.4 .

With TAR: tar béolu out of : adre amach dar beolu in duin, Marco P. 23.

(b) Adverbial. With FOR (always with possessive) on the face, face downwards : for a mbeulu gl. prone, Ml. 131b6 . tairniud form béolu bend face downwards, LL 36766 = Goid. 180.10 = Fél.² cv 8. an corp bis ina rogad ar in talmain for a beolu, RC xv 491 § 31. tolduid iarum taurtaim fair fora beolu `a trance fell upon him, as he lay on his face', Mon. Tall. 155.15 . (of a collapsing house) amal ro clóenad a thech conda tarla for a lethbeólu uli, LU 8382 ( FB 25 ). (of a cup) rohimpa iarum Patraic in copan fora beolu upside down (?), Anecd. iii 35.9 . b.¤ ar b.¤ , ó bé(o)l go b.¤ face to face : truagh gan sinne bel ar bel, TTebe xv 7 (scribe's note). (of a bird-decoration) ealta 's a mbeoil béal ar bhéal, Aithd. D. 9.7 . ag labhairt libh beul ar bheul (os ad os, 3 Joh. 14 ), Eochairsg. 15.30 . go labradh se riss ó b.¤ go b.¤ `face to face', ZCP xi 118.2 ( BCC 236 ). meic ollamhan Innsi Fáil / . . . / god choimhreic ó bheól go b.¤ `repeating thee from mouth to mouth' (i.e. the contents of a manuscript Gaelic Miscellany), Studies 1919, 440 § 12 . adeirid o bheol go beul they say so currently, Luc. Fid. 4088.

With IAR N- iar mbélaib (contrasted with iar cúlaib): i ngilfine iar mbelaib, amuil atá athair ┐ mac ┐ ua ┐ iarmua ┐ innua co cuicer; ┐ geilfini iar culaib .i. brathair thathar, ┐ mac co cuicer beos `in the direct line', Laws ii 160.z Comm.

(c) In fig. phrase do-ní a b.¤ re turns to, seeks help from : do-ghén . . . mo bh.¤ ré seabhcaibh Saxan `I will turn my face to', Studies 1924, 242 § 11 .

Note also: muna thí dhíom bas rem béal unless I can keep a guard on my lips, Dán Dé ix 4 . a-tá 'gan chol bas rem béal `raises its hand against me', xxiii 31 . In nn. loc. see Hog. Onom.

Compds. With nouns. ¤braise: feib atféd mo bhélbraisi `eloquence', Leb. Cert.² 164 § 9. ¤deirge: beildeirge redness of lips, Prolegomena 43 § 26 . ¤étan: (of a charioteer) dara béletan mouth and forehead (?), LL 24905. ¤mod manner of speaking (?): caistidh ria bēlmod, ACL iii 307 § 28 ( Measgra Uí Chl. 153 ). ¤proicept traditional teaching, tradition : bēalphroceapta nó teagusg bheōil na n-absttal, Mac Aingil 5949 . béulphroicheapta asbaltha ┐ eagalsa, Desid. 4942. With vnn. ¤chengal: ar mbélcengal a mbeochréchtadh when their fresh wounds had been sewn up, Caithr. Thoirdh. 124.7 . ¤tuidme: fiacuil .i. fia figo . . . fiacuil didiu bēl-t. fastening for the mouth, O'Mulc. 507.

With adjj. ¤balb: do piastaibh bel-balba `dumb-mouthed', Ériu iii 164 § 20. ¤binn: longphort . . . bíthe bēilbhinn melodious (?), Butler Poems 556 and n. ¤blasta of excellent sound : (of `Gaedelg,' the language) in berla b.¤ bind, LL 17716. B. blaith belblasta well-spoken (of a hand-maid), BB 237a2 . ¤buide yellow-lipped : (of a famine-stricken appearance) ina n-ímágib b.¤ nochtḟiaclacha, LB 154b61 . In n. pr.: Eochaid Bēlbuidi, ZCP viii 274.1 . ¤chamm crooked-mouthed : la hUnchi mbrúachda mb.¤(-mall, v.l.), Metr. Dinds. iii 98.6 . ¤cherr: in senBodb Barchi b.¤ `wry-mouthed', Metr. Dinds. iv 338.20 . ¤chert: mo dhaltán búilid béilchert `right-spoken', SG 190.7 . ¤chorcra crimson, red-lipped : belchorcra banamla detgela, TTebe 730 . ¤chráibhthech hypocritical : Content. vi 270. ¤chumang narrow-mouthed, having a narrow opening, entry : a crocan (leg. corcán ?) belchumang narrow-necked, Lia Fáil iii 122.20 ( 23 P 10 ³, 11b7 ). ar na bernadhaibh bélchumhgaibh, AFM v 164.22 . ¤derg red-lipped, red-mouthed (in good and bad sense): buriud berna Baidbi béldergi, LL 10872 ( = TBC-LL¹ 4024 ). na brithemain bēilderga `red-mouthed brehons' ( = severe in judgement ?), Ériu iii 30 § 7. cáinead in barrchais béilderg `the curly-headed red-lipped fellow', iv 216.20 . F. file m. Oengusa Bēlde[i]rg, ZCP viii 326.1 . ¤dub black-mouthed : comairge b.¤ becenech `a black-mouthed guarantor of small honour', Tec. Corm. § 33.2 . a curaig blaithe belduba `black-prowed', Ériu viii 10.36 . sgéala libh go báirc mbéalduibh `tidings to your black-decked barque', RC xlix 173 § 32. ¤ḟairsi(u)ng wide-mouthed, having a wide entrance : .l. bléide buabaill belḟairsiuṅg, LL 7292. ro cóirged bruidin brotla bélfairsing `wide-doored', Fianaig. 70.31 . ¤ḟota long-lipped : D. b.¤ , LL 354c64 . a mbíala belfhoda `wide-edged', Hugh Roe² 174.24 . ¤ginach: na trī badhbha bēl-ginacha three witches with gaping mouths, ML² 1585. ¤glicc: mo bhreath bheilghlic gan bhine `my skilled oral judgement', Keat. ii 1287. ¤lethan broad-doored : ós bruidin béllethoin, SG 230.24 . ¤lúath hasty of speech : 'ná bheith baoth beul-luath aig teagasg cách, De Imit. 13.24 . ¤maith: C. b.¤ `C. Fair-lips', Metr. Dinds. iii 324.11 . ¤mall slow of speech : la hU. mbruachdha mbelmhall, BB 365b37 . ¤remor thick-lipped, big-mouthed : belremur bolcsuilech, LU 8516 ( FB 37 ). badhbh béil-reamhar, TSh. 6623. ¤ṡalach foul-mouthed : Badb birach belsalach, RC xxiv 52.1 . ¤scaílte wide open; split open ; scattered : i mbrudin bronnḟarsing bélscailti, RC xiv 414 § 28. ina mbuidhnib bega bélsgāilte, Fianaig. 54.4 . (of a cast-up ship) go ndéantar blogha béal-sgaoilte dhi, TSh. 735. ¤tais with soft, moist lips : an chuideachta chuanna bhuadhach bheóltais (of fair women), Hackett xxvi 57 . ¤tana: go mbiailibh blathsnaoighte b.¤ `thin-edged battle-axes', AFM vi 2126.25 . ¤tirim: bérla breganta beoiltirm (spoken) with a dry mouth, O'Gr. Cat. 518.30. ¤trúag: na bid fri baisi ṁbeltrúaig poor-mouthed (?), SR 3890.

See béillic, bélaites, bélscál, bélscálán, bélscáth.

n (-ae) io, m. faggot(s), bundle of firewood, fuel: b.¤ .i. bris-nī (bris ne, MS.) insin .i. brisiud (.i. do min[bach] feda ┐ crīnac[h]) brister co llāim ┐ nī bīail gabar dō, Corm. Y 119 = brossnai .i. brissni, etc., Corm. 6. in brosnae (bronasnae, MS.) dombert side dia edbairt fesin gl. Isác cum lignis, Tur. 123. brosne crin gl. gremium (leg. cremium, Psalms ci 4 , edd.), Thes. i 3.27 . cosin brosnu gl. gremio `with the sheaf', Tur. 127. b.¤ crínaig, Trip.² 128 = nutrimenta ignium, Lat. Lives 46 § 38. cía nodbena-su, a chaillech, / b.¤ (brosnad, v.l.) dia ind fort tellach `faggots from its bole' (of Bile Tortan), Metr. Dinds. iv 242.26 . utlach-brossnada mora `lap-faggots', CCath. 3978. b.¤ braei laime gac ein fir a full armload (?), RC xliii 106 § 111.

Extended applications: b.¤ do setaib gabla `a bundle of the lowest seds,' Laws v 478.25 Comm. ? for b.¤ brigi .i. for feirtsi carpait no airm, RC xxvi 30 note 1 . gor bo b.¤ bodhbha . . . gach colg `bloody heap', MR 274.9 . bláth bruinne bran brosnaib (b., ban brosnad, v.ll.) gual, Ériu ix 46 § 14. = . . . b.¤ gūal (B. na f.), ZCP v 490 § 17. amru brígaib, brosnaib gal (chev.), SR 7027.

Metr. b.¤ suad, see IT iii 121 § f . One of the sixteen divisions of poetry known by a file, 29.20 . b.¤ s. .i. am ron gab: escraib cornaib caírib, etc. Is b.¤ s. sin (annsin, v.l.), acht rop commar (robo cummair, v.l.) cach cethramthu don runn, 30 § f. Note also: (as kenning) Eo Rosa . . . / b.¤ suad (rhet.) ` faggot (?) of sages', Dinds. 160. See brosnach.

n ā, f. (`seems founded on Icel. vöndr, Eng. wand', Stokes, Eg. Gl. p. 179. ). Later bon(n)sach. rod, stick, staff: dá bunsaig . . . bunsaig (a s.) co rrúsc dub . . . bunsaig snaisi gil . . . na bunsacha a stick with black bark . . . one pared down to the white, LU 1734 ff . (ICM). feib bith bundsacha tria curcais (of spears in warrior's body), BB 437b30 . bunnsacha breacca `rods', Celtica iv 10.62 ( Gen. xxx 37 ). do bhein chasnaighe do bhun bonnsaighe ` wattle ', AFM iv 900.13 . bunnsach no ech-lasc switch gl. luitheach laime (sic leg.), Laws v 484.17 Comm. Perh. also in: tres bundsach gl. i fubtud cach omnaig, Laws i 178.1 Comm. im chumluth ngus candail (leg. nguscandail ?) .i. tres bundsach, O'D. 79 (H. 3.17, 68).

In Laws Comm. in phr. b.¤ chomairce `a rod of safe conduct, given to ollavs to ensure their safe passage through different territories,' Plummer MS. notes. ollum .i. . . . is oll in ni didnes a bundsach comairci dar na tuataibh, v 28.14 , see 30.10 , 14 . is a comgrádh dlighis cach . . . do gabail for a comairce, ┐ curab co nuiriasacht ┐ toircsin cirt, muna[b] bunnsach coimirce, O'Curry 2626 ( Eg. 88, 53 ( 54c )). is[í] in bunnsach comairce, .i. comairce gin biatha ┐ gin uiriasacht, 2627 (ibid.). bundsach comairce tar na tuatha gin uiriasacht . . . gin tomhailt mbidh, gin taircsin dlighe, 2628 (ibid.). dá cét isin bunnsaigh [comairce] cen eiriasacht, cen egairdeis, O'D. 979 (H. 3.17, 778). Cf. teora bunsacha uasaib hi fraig (of poets), LU 7665 ( BDD 124 ).

Freq. toy or boy's spear or javelin as oppd. to weapons used by adults: urcor flescaig, is eiside macc bundsaige ` spear-youth ', Laws iv 138.16 . mac bondsaide . . . .i. mac dana indenma bonnsach isin aeis sin, O'Curry 241 (H. 3.18, 135) = 559 (277). Perh. also: in bunnsach i nairecht. Masa cinnte leis co roisi tairsib is fiach fian cluithi, O'Curry 2381 ( Eg. 88, 29b ) ( Celtica viii 150 ). a scíath slissen laiss ┐ a bunsach (youthful Cú Chulaind), LU 4868. focherded a bunsach ríam, 4869 . focheird a bunsaig rout n-aurchora úad, LL 33139 ( Fraech 47 ). nabad scarad mac ṁbec im bunsachaib baísi that it would be no child's-play, LL 32783 ( TTr. 1995 ). cor cluiche nó bunnsaige (forbidden on Sunday), Ériu ii 206 § 25. do thréig bonnsacha bláithe / ar ruaidhshleaghaibh rionnáithe, DDána 105.3 . birán bunsaigi baisi oppd. to airm croda chura[da], TTebe 3213 . ag lámhach bonnsach (in list of youthful games), TSh. 524. Note also: bonnsach `a Dart Javelin ', Eg. Gl. 88. do chaith Saul an bhunnsach, 1 Sam. xviii 11. nochan fuaratur bir na bundsach isin tsligid-sin met with no opposition at all, Ann. Conn. 1225.12 .

Other applications: for bunnsachaib na gréne = radiis (Gloss.), Lat. Lives 82.x = for[s]na goa greine, Vita Br. 54. ic buadnaisi a bunnsachaib a briathar `to threaten with the scourges of his words', MR 168.5 . dá bhonnsaigh `two spindle- shanks', Ó Bruad. i 76.z .

n o, n., later m. n p. cend, LU 9385 . ? a p. ch.¤ , Sg. 54a11 . n a p. usually cenna. On d s. ciunn, cinn see GOI 177 . For masc. infl. in pl. cf. a p. cenda, TBC-I¹ 483 = cinnu, LU 4970 . n p. cind, FA 22 LB. cind `chiefs', Laws v 440.23 . a p. cinnu, LL 8132 . In later lang. both cionn (O. Ir. ciunn) and ceann occur in d s. (see Donl., Párl. na mB.), the former mainly in fixed prepositional expressions (ós cionn , etc.). a s. cionn, Beatha S. F. 2567 . g s. ceinn, Párl. na mB. 535 , n p. Keat. i 196.15 . IGT Decl. § 65 .

Note also: for ar ceinn, Vita Br. 24 . in ch.¤ cleasach . . . Tesifóne, MR 168.6 . iar ndenamh creiche chinne maghair (n. loc.), AFM iv 1356.6 .

I The human head, head of an animal .

1 cend a uerbo graeco .i. gennome (γίνομαι) .i. nascor, O'Mulc. 217 . donchind gl. capiti, Gild. Lor. 102 . du-uic in foiltne i ndiad in chínn, Ml. 84c24 . mani roima fora c.¤ ní mema forsna bullu, 89c11 . beim a cinn fri cloich, 139c3 . ammi corp do Crist et is c.¤ som duunni, Wb. 5d2 . airmitiu féid in chinn, 7d14 . cen chaille fora ciunn, 11c9 . in boill dó ass ón chiunn, 22a17 . adart foch., Sg. 198a10 . dim chinn, Blathm. 95 § 17 . oc folcad chinn a athar, Vita Br. 15 . airecc cinn Iohannis, Fél. Feb. 27 . contt cēill ciunn curp in sense, reason, head and body , ZCP vi 258.10 . rochromsat a ccinnu, ZCP xiv 234.5 . imruidbed mo tenga as mo chind, Ériu ii 102 § 9 . madit a shuili inna cinn, 122 § 61 . amhuil chinn ina bhalluibh, Luc. Fid. 3454 . Of a head of hair: ceinn-fhionna (sic) do bhíodh ar fhearaibh Éireann re n-a linn `white heads', Keat. i 196.15 (see cenann).

2 In phrase with follg. gen. forming n. pr.: Coirpri Cind cait Cathead , Cóir Anm. 241 . C.¤ Fáelad Wolfhead , see Corp. Gen. 541 - 2 . Cend Ghegain, IT iii 101 § 183 . Finguine mac Laeghaire Cenngégain, Cog. 18 (see also s.v. cinnchucán). Eochaidh cendmhairc Horsehead , Miscell. Celt. Soc. 6.8 . da ingin dec ailella cind nathrach Snakehead , Rawl. 134b18 .

3 Of the head cut off in battle: fris-cithsead far cenna díb, BDD² 869 . tri laíchcind . . . im chend do chétmeic, LL 13149 (Sc.M2). co fargaibhset xl c.¤ lais, AFM i 498.2 . So in phr. ár c.¤ = ár: co fargaibset ár cend aicce, LL 2536 . cor' ben a ngabala dib ┐ ár cend leo, RC xvii 354.4 .

4 Attrib. g s.: na heónu / cosna ceólu cinn-sin (sic leg.) shrill notes, Metr. Dinds. iv 214.68 . Cf. gotha cinn . . . ag báinealtoin, Ir. Syll. Poetry 71 § 5 . See Études Celt. iv 397 . iter chosa cinn ┐ cos[a] tóna front legs , Thr. Ir. Gl. 26 . nocha bán-bhéim acht cneadh chinn head-wound, serious wound , Miscell. Celt. Soc. 162.9 . ? secht ccumala cinn, Ériu xiii 22.24 . gilla cinn eich gl. auriga, Ir. Gl. 17 . laicce chinn, RSClára 4a . go mbeith rith chinn ré fānaidh aco ar gach n-aon eile would completely outdistance, would utterly rout(?), Párl. na mB. 99 .

Vendryes, Études Celt. iv 397 , cites BDD² 886 and We. parallels in support of a meaning mouth.

5 In various idiomatic phrases: ro héige in ben nert a cind at the top of her voice, SR 3215 . conā fāgad inad a chind for bith that he might find no abiding-place, TBC-I¹ 2214 . o cionn co fonn from tip to toe, Blathm. 152 . nom-loiscc eter chend is choiss completely , Ériu vii 223 § 34 . dia cennaib ┐ cosaib utterly, entirely , LB 115b42 . bein cinn fri hald `striking a head against a cliff' (of wasted labour), RC xii 96 § 127 . co ro benad a tech dia chind `unroofed his house', RC xxiv 46 § 4 . roloiscedh . . . a ndúin . . . ina cendaibh, Ériu v 158.215 . a ndiaidh a gcinn headlong , Donlevy xviii 25 . an ceann fá dhruim head first (coffin lowered into grave), Dán Dé xxix 7 . co mbiat cend ar díb cendaib (of a fierce battle), TTr.² 907 . ar ba `c.¤ i mbolg' . . . do ṡil Adhuimh were in complete ignorance, Ériu ii 98 § 1 = ba-c.¤ a-coim, RC xxiv 369.6 , cf. Études Celt. vi 201 . cend i cotlud a peaceful death(?), Ériu ii 118 § 54 . ? ní bheinn teann ar chlíabh a cill / sní bhíadh mo cheann a cuigind, IGT Decl. ex. 1400 . c.¤ a ngabal `head in fork' (bad behaviour in a horse), Laws iii 180.18 Comm. c.¤ i láp see láp. c.¤ i, fo muine see 1 muine. ? fír, ol Óengus, Fergas cend fo raithin, Trip.² 1495 .

6 Of a single animal, etc.: do mac Loigsiu pa mōr ngō / ar in āincend an cēt mbō, ACL iii 2.12 . Note also: aon bhuaidhreadh amháin . . . an dara ceann, De Imit. 29.23 . ? robii cosnom im oenchend `there may be strife about one head' (Faraday), TBC-I¹ 1730 .

7 Various: ceann cait owl , Párl. na mB. 1452 . go dul tar ceannaibh cuan, Measgra D. 48.8 ` billow, breaker ', Gloss.

8 In various idioms with prec. vb.: ni mo tarrthus cend furre no forin gaeth `it was no more possible to get hold of her than of the wind', Aen. 649 . do-fócaib c.¤ appears see do-fócaib (D 269.36 ff.). ? immicurtis iarum cenna sechaiseom darsi ṅGairb sair ┐ siar eter Laigniu ┐ Ossairge, LL 36728 . tug a ch.¤ a n-inisle iomagallaimhe orra `entered into converse', ITS v 112.17 . no indsaiged in Troianda . . . congebead cend in Grecdai ┐ no indsaiged in Grecda . . . co ngebid cend in Tr. ┐ combdis cind ar cind, BB 435b22 .

9 Of buildings roof: ni rabi cenn for tempul Fidnacha in tan-sin, Ann. Conn. 1244.5 . c.¤ co claradh oir for tor dibh, Marco P. 117 . c.¤ Frangcach `a ribbed vault, a groined roof ' (Meyer Contribb.), AU iii 161.8 . don chend luaidhe boí for tempall an bhaile, AFM vi 1956.16 . Note also: roclúdadh na lestra fóa ccennuibh covers, tops , Ériu xiii 24.22 .

II End, end-point, termination.

10 In concrete applications: c.¤ cridi gl. uiscus, uisceris, Sg. 111b5 . nóe cend nine tips(?), LU 9835 . achind dochnama, IT iii 103.19 . a-cinn a-cruibh, RC xxiv 377.1 , .3 . cennæ na ngái, Liad. and Cuir. 12.9 . ceand muilind `the head of a mill', Ériu xvii 70 § 12 gl. 3 ( Laws iv 214.29 Comm. ). laim re ceand in droichid, Ériu xvii 72 § 13 gl. 10 . comrad chindcherchailli, TBC-LL¹ 3 . mó ná cliab co cendaib dés ` sheaves ', Metr. Dinds. iv 138.81 . do bhalad cinn én coinnle, RC xxiv 383.33 . dealg do chennaib óigsgech, IGT Decl. ex. 1082 . Metr. aisde cind tṡinte, IGT Metr. Faults §§ 48 , 49 . co casbairn chinn truim, Decl.ex. 623 (see cenntromm).

11 Of territories: a tá isin chionnsa thes (of a hill), SG 118.10 . isin c.¤ ba nesa dó don tír, AFM vi 2056.19 . i cind Maige Dála at the end of Magh Dala, Ériu i 132.74 . Of journeys: a gceann uidhe their objective, O'Hara 1241 . ceann bhar gcoimhleanga, DDána 74.56 . is iomdha slighe . . . / 's a ceann go magh nimh a-nonn, Dán Dé xxiii 4 .

12 Abstract applications: ceann m'aradhna ná léig lim let me not hold mine own bridle, IGT Decl. ex. 311 . sa chionn cunntuis in the account, Fl. Earls 90.13 . ní ricfa c.¤ scéoil úainne tar tech not a whisper of it will get out of this house, TTr.² 1796 . Of time: ar c.¤ fri c.¤ Enair `our end against the head of January' (i.e. 31 Dec. and 1 Jan.), Fél. Ep. 8 . c.¤ do shaoghail, BNnÉ 293 § 12 v.l. For sa cheann cháol etc. see cáel. do cheann don dáil `what you shall get in this affair', Content. xxvii 15 .

13 Of the end or completion of an affair, etc.: foruirmed c.¤ forsnaib cotarsnaib gl. aduersa nostra . . . constant inpleta, Ml. 74c20 . ni tucthar c.¤ essib gl. genelogís interminatís, Wb. 27d22 . oc tabairt chind for airimmeirt sluaigh ┐ shochaidhi, TTr.² 310 ( LL 400b10 ). cend ┐ forcenn air sin that's enough of that(?), Acall. 5361 . ní bia cend for th'ermitin `there shall be no limit to thy dignity', Celtica iv 16.180 .

III Of persons, chief, head person, leader.

14 Legal: nad cennaib coirib comallat, ZCP xiv 379 § 43 `cond . . . den voll Geschäftsfähigen. Die andern haben einen cond als c. `Haupt' über sich, der sie `unterstüzt', für sie in ihren Sachen spricht, etc. ', 380 . rí bunaid cach cinn, Críth G. 447 `caput, head of family, individual', Vocab. fortét cech c.¤ ba tressa(i) inní bes étressa, 474 . c.¤ caich iar nduinib i fine besid sruithe, ZCP xiv 369 § 31 ( Laws ii 278.21 ). cend cartus a memar a chief who rejects his tenant, Laws v 164.19 Comm. dlegaid cind cuindreach `the chiefs are bound to rectify', 440.23 . cach cind (sic MS) a chonrach, ACL iii 227.31 .

15 In non-legal contexts: cend do ḟeraib Herenn Patraic, Thes. ii 326.32 (Hy. iv gl.). for bélaib a cind ┐ a tigernad, Alex. 274 . M. . . . fa chend ar clēirchib, ZCP viii 120.5 . na cinn clāena cin crābud `the wicked, impious chiefs', Ériu iii 30 § 8 . a cheann féin `his Master', PBocht 11.20 .

16 With follg. noun in gen. indicating category of persons: c.¤ bocht almoner (?), AU ii 32.4 . c.¤ cáid caillech n-Érenn, Fél. Feb. 1 . cend degban is deorad, SG 64.35 . c.¤ fedna see fedan. c.¤ fine head of family or clan: lochdach an Róisdeach achd ón chionn fhine, IGT Decl. 7.14 . da ch.¤ fhine ina ionad, AFM iv 1146.16 . i ndioghail a ccind ḟine, iii 404.z . i ndegaid in chinn manach the abbot, Ériu iii 100 § 25c . c.¤ in réclessa, Ríocht na Midhe viii 15 . c.¤ sluag fer Fáil, Trip.² 1793 v.l. Cf. also: is cend daim for dartoid [.i.] mōrpersan for becphopul, O'Mulc. 753 .

17 With follg. gen. of abstr.: c.¤ athchomairc see athchomarc. ar gceann bāidhei-ne an bhean our chief love (of Mary), Dán Dé ii 29 . cend cathaigthe as chalma ro bai do Leith Mogha battle-leader , RC xviii 11.24 . a Chind, coisc na crích (a chind coisc ?), Ériu vii 221 § 22 . c.¤ comairle cuindrig muintire fri comairle comneirt, ‘a “head of counsel” who controls the household with advice of equal strength’, CL 240.3 . nach ben forsa-mbe c.¤ comuirle, ZCP xiv 375 § 38 . cenn comuirle ┐ adchomairc fer mBregh n-uile, 'chief counsellor and consultant of the men of all Brega', AU² 374.6 . in fer ba húasle ┐ ba mó rath issin túaith iss e ba cend comairle do chách, LL 118 . co tech ar cind comairle, ‘to our counsellor’s house’, Éigse vii 77 §11 . cend crabaid ermoir Erenn paragon of piety, RC xxvi 362.2 . gan chend cundraid na comairle rempo, LL 12344 (TBC). uair robesin cend gaili . . . sluaig, Cog. 194. 29 . c.¤ ecna . . . iartair domain, CS 320.9 . c.¤ cech erais, Fél. Apr. 23 . in bandea ingen Terrae cend scaílti scél in betha chief disseminator of news, LL 31001 (TTr.). a chend sochair slúaig Ulad chief benefactor, MU² 58 . In follg. perh. headquarters, centre : uail (= bhail) itā ceand in cogaidh, ZCP viii 115.18 . baili i mbai cend ídlachta ┐ druídechta na Héirenn, Trip.² 431 . flaitheas Dé is ceann chomhsanta dhúinne, Eochairsg. 98.25 ( end, goal ?).

IV Used in a wide variety of adverbial and prepositional phrases.

18 cinn at the end of (see 33, 40, 52) (ciunn, cinn, dative without preposition, GOI 537 ): cinn rehe gl. secundum hoc tempus, Wb. 4c11 . cinn blíadnae at the end of a year, Fél. Sept. 17 . cind .ix. mís, LU 1662 . cind in tres laí, 7977 (BDD). cind cethri ndíni `at the end of four genera- tions', Arch. Hib. ii 48 § 1 . cind mile bliadan, Ériu ii 132 § 109 .

19 In phr. cinn chomair: nó huachiunn chomair gl. e rigione `or, from before', Ml. 119a9 (`von dem Anfang der Richtung', Ped. KZ xxxv 435 ). fri re mis cind comar, AU ii 88.x . Usually of place (see 28, 31): cinn chomair gl. contra (solem), BCr. 33c17 . for in phurt cind chomair dó `opposite to him', RC xiv 406.1 ( LL 12675 ). cind comair frissin ṁbeist n-amnais, LL 398b18 = cinnchomair, TTr.² 148 . i cinncomair friu opposite them, CCath. 5561 . ro badhusa cind comraic riusom, Acall. 6795 . Cf. i comair chind airtherthuascertaig, LL 3865 = hi comardus cind, etc., RC xv 283 § 29 .

Usually with prec. prep. In the follg. sections the arrangement is according to the preceding preposition, with which an adverbial in addition to a prepositional phrase is frequently formed. In a number of cases meanings under various prepositions coincide.

With A.

20 In sense of ós ciunn (60): asa chind guarding him, Metr. Dinds. iv 358.94 . ata M. . . . asa mo chind-sa oc fúr m'anma, PH 806 . batar a cind na cathrach who were over the city, 2488 . In diff. sense: as a cheann féin `of his own Head' (of his own accord), Donlevy 330.16 . The follg. are obscure (leg. ar for as in one or more of the exx. ?): cen ascur sáitha asa chiunn `without remission of tribulation from His presence(?)' (in store for him ?), Wb. 25d16 . conid ari rogabad al-lam a pardus dochum gortæ ┐ bochtæ . . . ┐ bais ┐ hifirn asa cind `thenceforth', Ériu vii 164 § 8 . ? gidh bé do cuir asa chionn `it matters not whom he drove from his head' (Notes), Duan. F. i 32.20 . Perh. in literal sense: in t-ēolus-[s]a rádi rimm, / ferr duit nā cloisti as do chínn, ZCP xiii 3 § 2 .

With AR (see also 42).

21 ar chenn with vbs. of motion towards, in the direction of, to meet (see 39, 45): ceni esǽrsitis in choirp ara c.¤ `to meet them', Ml. 15c8 . condaáerset do failti ar ch.¤ a rríg to welcome their King, 46a12 . ara cénn gl. occurrentes, 60d5 . do-luid in biail arithissi ar ch.¤ inna samthige came back to the handle, Tur. 131 . techt ar ch.¤ Crist, Wb. 25d25 . co toracht Emain Macha ar cend Conchobair, LU 8073 ( FB 4 ). ní-s-cuirfind techta ar dho chend-sa, PH 450 . canat biet in alltair / ar ch.¤ clocáin don phroindtig at the sound of the refectory bell, Ériu iii 102 § 28 . gearr go dtiocfa teachtaire / . . . / ar do cheann, DDána 56.1 . docuaidh . . . arcinn na conuire a ticcidh aran sliabh `went to the road', ZCP vi 56.8 . Cf. airg ┐ áird-leasdair . . . do chomdhlúthúghadh ar cheann na céd aimsire do thairrngir D. . . . dhóib `against', ML 6.25 .

22 Of going to meet in battle: ara chend dait a Fergus, LU 6698 . rotbīa F. . . . ar ndul ar c[h]end ind ḟir ucut, TBC-I¹ 1247 (LU).

23 In sense of going or coming for, to fetch someth.: is ar ch.¤ focheda dodechommar `to meet suffering', Wb. 25a12 . tecat ar ch.¤ in chon co sochruid to fetch the hound, Sc.M² 4 . dula uaimm ar do chend-su to fetch you, PH 446 . teacht ar ceand cind duine isinn ārmuig, RC xxiv 58 § 18 . in lind ara tánac c.¤ the water for which thou camest, Ériu iv 106.7 . ? ochd bhféinnidhe as ḟearr a n-ágh / ar ceann t'éindighi d'fúarán, IGT Decl. ex. 1333 . socraiti do dol . . . ar cend artraige dochum Domnaill, Ann. Conn. 1248.5 . Note also: do lleblaing int écne ara chend (ref. to ordnasc f.), TBFr. 208 , cf. Meyer Contribb., Fraech p. 35 .

24 In meanings of tar c.¤ (66-70) (confusion of prepp.): cuirtha cumtaige ara cend `buildings were overthrown', KMMisc. 152.62 . ar cinn a chesta ┐ a caingne, Anecd. i 42.9 . tagra . . . do thagras ar cheann Mumhan on behalf of, Content. xviii 12 .

25 ar chiunn of time in the future, afterwards, later : frisnaccai archiunn gl. ad aliquam rem, Ml. 53b23 . artha ciúnn són gl. in posteram, 132a3 (see note). ar chinn gl. adhuc, Wb. 2a9 . archiunn . . . diéis gl. siue ante seu retro, BCr. 31b4 - 5 . ar oman imtormaich ina pecad ar chiund future sins, Ériu xix 58 § 6 . in maith iar cind future good, LU 9889 (for ar ch.¤ ?). rogabsat flaith ar chiund from then on, ZCP viii 313.21 . doairchaintis . . . anno bíth ar chind dóib, Trip.² 327 . ? mod airchiund di lubair a disposition ready for work(?), Rawl. B 512, 40c (Plummer MS. notes).

26 ar chiunn as quasi-adj. of points of time next, following, ensuing (in later lang. somet. with (i)ar in this use): san aidhchi ar chínd, BB 39b6 . co belltaine ar cind, BColm. 92.2 . an bliadhain ar ccionn, Leb. Gab.(i) 56.4 . isin laithe ar ccind, 146.2 . In later lang. also as prep. with poss. in this sense: go medhōn oidhche buī ar a gcionn, Fl. Earls 8.20 . go Bealltaine ar a gcionn till the following May, Keat. ii 3137 . See 38 .

27 ar chiunn in textual reff. below, in what follows; later, following : forsin canoin ar chiunn `on the following Scripture passage', Ml. 54c34 . trachtad . . . forsa nouit ar chiunn `on nouit that follows', 64a7 . in testimin ar chiunn `the following text', 104b3 . titul in dligid ar chinn, Wb. 10a12 . ata ní ar chiunn, Sg. 39b10 .

28 ar chiunn in front of, before (see 19): córus dúne ríg . . . ar chi[u]nn a thúaithe, Críth G. 566 `vis-à-vis', Vocab. bui siom oc huamim ara cind `before her', Mon. Tall. 149.18 . co nacca ara chind in fer, TBC-I¹ 448 . Cf. muir ara cendaib, in nem huasa ṁbennaib, 3006 . amail nobeith beo ar a chind as if he were alive in front of him, ACL iii 5.5 .

29 ar chiunn awaiting, ready for, in anticipation of (someone or someth. arriving): biid ersoilcthi ar chiunn for ríg gl. eliuamini, portae aeternales, Ml. 46a7 . ni farnic-sede nach maid ara chiun isin domun, Wb. 2a21 . ar ar ciunn-[n]i `against our coming', 25a33 . anais ar cionn antsluaigh `waited for', Blathm. 102 § 41 . co fuaratar a cele isind apdaine ara cind `on their arrival', Mon. Tall. 162.30 . aínínbuidh na fuair acht triur ar a chinn thall isin fíne (of a man who has joined or rejoined the tribe from outside), Laws iv 294.26 Comm. ar cinn ṡamraid at the arrival of summer, ZCP vii 310 § 8 . dá rabh a Rí na glóire / . . . / do mhaor ar chionn na coinnmhe / liom if Thy steward receive the company, Dán Dé xiv 11 . ar cinn chamhárach before daybreak, IGT Decl. ex. 1195 . ar cinn in lae, Fier. 135 . With petrified masc. poss.: arna beith ar a chind `in her way', RC xi 452.2 , cf. Meyer Contribb.

30 ar chiunn of time in store for (see 51): a fil ar mo chiunn gl. ad destinatum, Wb. 24a15 . cén bes fine ar a cinn as long as he has descendants, Laws iv 240.19 Comm. a n-airchend fil ar ar cinn the destiny which awaits us, Ériu i 68.12 . fuair Poimp bas ┐ fuair cidh Cesair ara cind afterwards, CCath. 8308 .

31 ci(u)nn ar chi(u)nn face to face, at grips (see 19, 54): atraig cach fer di alailiu . . . co m-bátar cind ar chind is taig, IT i 67 (LMU). fíal tened ┐ fíal d'aigriud . . . cind ar cind, LU 2067 ( FA 14 , cf. RC xxvi 148 § 27 ). inn-uair dobímmis cind ar chind, RC vii 302.1 . as and baoi Laogh ┐ a brathoir ciond ar ciond, ZCP x 295.27 . cind ar cind fri Dunchad, Ériu v 242.153 .

With co.

32 co c.¤ to the end, to completion (see 43): berthi leiss co c.¤ gl. perficiet, Wb. 23a19 . ní dernad in cnocc co c.¤ , Metr. Dinds. iii 44.79 . is co cend in cuidbiud the mockery has come to a head, Ériu i 118 § 10 . Cheville: céim co cend, Metr. Dinds. iv 26.9 .

33 co c.¤ with nouns indicating periods of time till the end of, for the duration of (see 18, 40, 52): co c.¤ blīadne, Thes. ii 319 ( Hy. ii 56 ). co c.¤ cairdi, Críth G. 366 . co cend trédenuis, PH 1859 . go ceann cóig n-aimsear, DDána 6.9 . go ceatra ceand[a] raithi `for four quarter-years', Magauran 804 . Note also: in fer co cind a chéli, MU² 991 `against', Gloss.

With DI and/or DO.

34 di chennaib of poetical composition appar. extemporaneously (see however Thurn. cited below and compare aisnēis do c[h]ennaib a chnāmae, Corm. Y 756 , which may point to a ritualistic procedure of some kind): canad do chennaibh, Ériu xiii 17.5 . ailges do ceanduibh, O'D. 2208 (Nero A vii, 144a). dligedh do feghar saor daor do chennaibh, Ériu xiii 25.30 = fedhair .i. dorenar, ut est dliged dofedhar sóer, dóer dochennaib .i. continuo , O'Dav. 828 . do . . . suid filed for-can di c[h]ennaib `von (seinen Knochen-) Enden', ZCP xvi 175 § 4 ( Laws i 40 , co ndenand rand can smuainedh, 42 Comm. ). is dochennaib . . . ro trial Dallán a duain do denum `extempore', RC xx 122.z (ACC). Also in phr. díchetal di chennaib, see díchetal. cetal do chendaib (a metre), IT iii 61 § 123 . See Ériu xlviii 45 .

35 intan tét a laithe di chiunn `passes away', Ml. 21c3 .

36 di and/or do chiunn in return for, for the sake of, instead of, on condition of, because of, for , etc. (see 68): do chinn a mbíd, SR 3406 . do c[h]inn loghaidh `in return for remission of tribute', Ériu xvii 22 § 16 . dúais do chionn chomáoine a quid pro quo , KMMisc. 346.28 . sgēl do chinn chummaéine, Anecd. i 36.3 . dia chind an tsréin in return for the bridle, BColm. 38 § 40 . nech . . . do cathugud di chend Crist for, PH 789 . do tairgeadh bó aile dí da cind, Imr. Brain 58.30 . berair-siu mac díachinn in its place, Cóir Anm. 133 . do chinn mo claidhem fen instead of my own sword, Fier. 60 . ragtais dia chind i comrac on his behalf, Metr. Dinds. iii 446.88 . do chionn a seachna `on condition of' (notes), Dán Dé x 12 . ró-mhór fuaramar d'a chionn too much we have got from it, Ériu i 96 § 52 . do chionn ubhaill, DDána 26.6 . do chionn an tshaoghail do thréigean through abandoning, Beatha S. F. 748 . dá chionn on that account, TSh. 1942 . do cind ced cennaighechta do denum in order to get leave, ZCP vi 90.15 . ar ngellad a marbtha d'Ulliam Burc do chind luaigi in consideration of, Ann. Conn. 1310.5 .

37 Of soliciting or having intercourse with a woman in spite of or unknown to her husband, etc. (see 70): comrac frim dot chind-so, Fing. R. 114 `in disregard of', Vocab. ben-side Ch. . . . co rustoirrchestar E. do chind a cēile, Corp. Gen. 139.x . a breth di-a chind (another man's wife), PH 833 . luid . . . F. . . . do thochmarc a mnā do chind Oilella, Fianaig. 6.16 . docomraiced-som fria mnaib aili dia cind si in disregard of her, ZCP i 104.10 .

38 Various: cia ruslā dia c[h]ind . . . T. . . . is he rosla(n) dar a chend, ZCP xiii 7.24 . conom thí de chind chúarda till it is my turn(?), LU 6699 ( TBC-I¹ 2158 ). ar chuir dá ceann all he added to it(?) (cf. 48), DDána 91.14 . ó Inid go Cáisg dá gcionn till the following Easter (see 26), Aithd. D. 75.18 . ? nior cuir dha chionn do bhí ag Fionn, Duan. F. i 32.20 .

With FO.

39 fo ch.¤ towards, against, for (see 21, 45): teacht fam cheann `(to) attack me', Content. xviii 1 . éirghid fo cend mo c[h]reiche they go for my booty, ZCP viii 226.22 . Note also: gabh fád cheann mo chonmharccsa `take upon thee my quarrel(?)', Studies 1924, 243 § 12 .

40 Of time within, during (see 18, 33, 52): fo ch.¤ aimsire giorra at the end of a short time, Ériu v 188.456 . fo c.¤ begain aimsiri, Stair Erc. 258 . fo chionn dā lō go n-oidhche, Fl. Earls 10.16 .

41 fo ch.¤ (less freq. chiunn) about, concerning, with regard to, for the sake of, etc. (see 59): ? craed aderum focheann, YBL 149a4 . fuaire a chách a-taoi fám chionn towards me, Dánta Gr. 86.8 . fa a gcionn because of them, DDána 25a1 . déna . . . fá ch.¤ oirbire t'filedh `to thy poet's objurgation make concession', O'Gr. Cat. 402.20 . mar go bhfuair duadh ┐ doghruing fá a ceann `on her account', Keat. ii 2342 . ? alaind a dath / fa ceand na cuach, IGT Metr. Faults§ 68 .

With FOR.

42 for c.¤ , ciunn. Usually = ar ch.¤ , chiunn (21 ff.): an do lotar for cend conaire, Vita Br. 40 `as they were proceeding on their way', Ir. Hist. Stud. i 132 . dochuaid fóncaillid forcend chonnaid for firewood, RC ii 396 § 33 . ro-fhóidestar P. . . . gilla turusa for cend Ísu, PH 2602 . for bar cind, LU 8388 ( FB 26 ). doluid D. for cuinn (leg. ciunn) a sethar do ḟailte frie, Rawl. 134b1 . co tarrla in muir ina clár comréidh . . . for cinn in catha, CCath. 1927 . for a g-ceann awaiting them, ML 44.22 . gusin dia dardaoin buī dō for cionn `until the Thursday following', Fl. Earls 258.4 . Perh. for orig. tar c.¤ (68 ff.) in: du gabail rigi for ch.¤ á athar `in his father's stead', Ml. 44d29 . cach adaltrach do-t[h]et for ceand cetmuintire, Stud. in E. Ir. Law 49 (`in spite of', note p. 50) ( Laws ii 384.1 ). do accallaim Grigair for cend uird ┐ riagla, LU 3095 (fo ch.¤ ?).

With I.

43 beirid, do-beir i cinn finishes, completes (see 32): doberar opair i cind and sain, LL 32264 ( TTr. 1452 ). maine berthar i cinn, 400b18 . ? focal nāchar thuill a gciond (: rinn), ZCP viii 223.x .

44 do-tuit etc. ina ch.¤ falls down, topples (see 67): a toitim ina chend dorisi, TTebe 1669 . ag tuitim ina ccenduibh do bhedis colamhuin . . . na cathrach, Ériu iv 56.18 .

45 i c.¤ in contexts implying motion (us. with prec. vb.) to, in the direction of, towards, against (see 21, 39): na torcair nemh inna ccent `on them', Blathm. 68 . lotir remib hi cend in Brogo, LU 10575 . co torracht C. i c.¤ in droichit cucu, CCath. 1283 . ben sund i cend for máthar, Metr. Dinds. iii 6.55 . dorat . . . / Conall i cend Chonculaind matched C. against C., Metr. Dinds. iii 446.96 . ro cuired cach i ceann araili dona Romanchaib, CCath. 3159 . an uair chuirid i n-a chionn when they oppose him, DDána 96.33 . connsuine . . . do rachadh na cheann, mur atá so: slat ┐ dearg, slaitearg sin which would be assimilated to it, IGT Introd. 10.2 . do tuit an torc a cend a choss fell forward, BCC 324.30 .

46 i c.¤ with prec. vb. of motion and follg. Vn. etc. in g s. implying beginning or undertaking of an action: o dochotar . . . i c.¤ taispenta ind immuin do G., Lib. Hymn. 63.40 . do chuadar i cend a retha took to their heels, MR 318.4 . notheiged-som ┐ a gilla a cend bleogain na bo, Ériu v 34.22 . ná ragaind i ceand catha ina agaid, FDG² 465 . dochuaid i cend in sceoil (d'innisin, v.l.) `she went ahead with the tale', TTebe 1833 . T. . . . do dol a c.¤ oilithri, Ann. Conn. 1307.18 . lotar . . . i cend séta, TBC-LL¹ 451 . Note also: ra érig in fili ┐ do chúaid i n-a cend ┐ issed ro ráid, LL 39018 ( SG 385.34 `went to work'; `came to them', Stokes, RC xiii 107 ).

47 i c.¤, ciunn in addition to (see 63): foghellta ┐ bleth do dul ina ceand `shall be added', Laws iv 130.27 Comm. Matha a cind Crist ro scrib a shoscéla together with, LB 153a64 . ag flaith Li do chím 'na cheann / ní do gach tír 'na thimcheall also, Ériu v 64.15 . a cc.¤ gach sgéil eile dar innis doibh, Rel. Celt. ii 196.32 . a c.¤ a roibhi aigi, ZCP vi 51.10 . na c.¤ sin in addition, Maund. 15 . hi cc.¤ a chéle together, Hugh Roe² 40.13 .

48 cuirid i c.¤ adds to (see 38): cindus do-chuirfed tuilled i n-a chend, PH 7730 . cuir 'na ceand, O'Gr. Cat. 311.9 . teine do cur a ceann teineadh making bad worse, 23 P 10 ³, 15a30 . Note also: ni fuair Fergus ríam ni do cuirfe a cend Modha do marbadh do Dubthach `anything to compare with the slaughter of M. by D.', Celt. Rev. ii 116.x .

49 i c.¤ in preference to: am cheann do chomóradh 'was given preferential treatment over me', Ériu lxiv 162 § 1.7​​​ . S. . . . do chor i tticcernus . . . hi ccend Ch., AFM iii 360.16 . taisech do denam doib do mac M. . . . ina c.¤ , Ann. Conn. 1262.9 .

50 i ciunn at the head of for purpose of leading: m'anam-sa a Dhé mar budh dall / sé 's an chalann-sa 'n-a cionn, Dán Dé xxiii 13 . bi 'n-a cinn = ducas eum, Smaointe B. Chr. 1050 .

51 i ciunn in store for, destined (see 30): a-tá lá cúirte 'n-ar gcionn, DDána 23.29 . a uilc i gcionn gach chiontaigh his wrongdoings await every sinner (for punishment), Dán Dé vii 15 . i gc.¤ gach baíth a baegul, MR 286.21 . go bhfuil an bás . . . i gcionn gach aoin, TSh. 99 .

52 i ciunn of time at the end of (see 18, 33, 40): a cínd da bliadna onaímsir-si two years ago, RC x 186.1 . hi cind tredenais, ACL iii 309.10 . a cc.¤ a fhichet bliadhna da aois in the twentieth year of his age, Rel. Celt. ii 196.7 . a ccionn trí lá, Desid. 6345 .

53 Various: i mbun na gabla ro boí hi ciund tened over against, LU 9194 ( FB 92 ). a cheann i cind tened, ZCP i 464.33 . gach aon a gceann a dhíre ┐ a dhúthchasa féin in possession of, ML 102.14 . mac S. a cind arrad at the head of nobles, Ériu v 244.194 . in cís d'ícc a cind chruid, LB 133b56 `in respect of', Todd Lect. vi 40.6 .

c.¤ i c.¤ (ceann a cceann is an exception to the rule that the same word may not be used more than once in a line, Bard. Synt. Tr. 24.36 ). ? ceann a ceann, .c. o an doilgheas, 55.24 . Also cionn a ccionn (: fionn), 25.1 .

54 c.¤ i c.¤ = ci(u)nn ar chi(u)nn (31): misi do cur c.¤ i cc.¤ / as Cuchulainn, TBC-LL¹ 3151 . cuirid c.¤ hi c.¤ , Fianaig. 60.27 . is and sin . . . do rancadar Leth Cuind ┐ Laigin ceand i cend, RC xxiv 50 § 10 . go g-cómhraiceam ceann a g-ceann, ML 82.25 .

55 c.¤ i c.¤ together; simultaneously : Conchabor, Aedh cend a cend `head to head' (of kings buried together), Ériu ii 166.47 . cia leitir sin c.¤ a c.¤ / dognīad lethfod is lethtenn, ZCP xii 295.8 . nocor thathaigh ceann i c.¤ / na cuic cuicidh na hEirenn, xi 43 § 31 . cred dorad tu c.¤ a c.¤ / a comhaitreab na catcend?, KMMisc. 315.16 . trí Cormaic theas ceann i gceann / im an seang, DDána 91.33 . do dortsed fair cend i cend (of attackers), Ann. Conn. 1405.15 .

56 c.¤ i c.¤ successively (see Aithd. D. Vocab.): gan a ccloistecht cend i ccend / gabhāla airdrīogh [n]Ērenn, ZCP viii 218.30 . fiss gach catha c.¤ a ceand, Anecd. i 29 § 35 . rob ionchuir é, ceann a cceann / is inghean airdrīgh Éireand point by point, KMMisc. 356.7 .

With IMM.

57 is fachain dá gcar um cheann to make them change their attitude(?), DDána 67.4 . (taken by Ed. as i and mo).

58 imm ch.¤ about, around : tarrassaid inn irgal im chend Connacht, LL 12308 (TBC). doiri crannrabhan mad cheann round thee, Magauran 436 . ní ráidhte um cheann gcomhóla during a drinking-bout, O'Hara 146 . radharc um cheann a calaidh `the sight of its shores' (Gloss.), Measgra D. 52.35 .

59 imm ch.¤ about, concerning, with regard to (see 41): rola B. . . . / ilach im cheand Feargaile (perh. in semi-literal sense), RC xxiv 54 § 14 . imcheand cach formaid bai etarru `for all the ill-feeling', Ériu ii 178.16 . an-scél . . . im-c.¤ deilbe . . . in-domain, RC xxiv 369.5 . t'fhearg . . . um cheann do chloinne, DDána 10.22 . um cheann craos-óil in the matter of, TSh. 7446 .

With ós (see 20).

60 ós chiunn (on as cionn beside ós chionn see Desid. p. xxxv ). In more or less literal sense: in tituil robói huas ciunn Crist isin chroich over Christ's head, Ml. 74b1 . ōs chinn sanct-Brigte, Thes. ii 329.2 ( Hy. v 15 ). Over, above: baí . . . ben . . . oc airiuc dont ṡluág os a cind, LL 259b15 . Cuncha cnoc os cind Life, ZCP xi 41 § 1 . nochtais . . . in claidheab os cind na hingeine, RC vi 175.30 . ós chionn mo leabhráin studying, Content. ii 14 . ōs a ch.¤ , Fl. Earls 66.15 .

61 With prec. vb. of motion: tānic . . . ōs ceann N. made for, Celtica i 116.118 . téighim ós chionn a chosnaimh I undertake to defend it, Content. xxi 12 .

62 in control of, in charge of: os chionn Bhanbha, Content. xxx 26 . sdiobhard ós ceann mhórāin maoine, Mac Aingil 568 . ōs cionn in cholāiste, Fl. Earls 68.25 .

63 over and above, in addition to (see 47): ós c.¤ fhichit each, AFM iv 1134.28 . faoi nó ós a chionn `or thereabouts', Corp. Astron. 4.12 . ōs a ch.¤ sin `besides', Fl. Earls 90.15 .

64 Note also: bun ós cionn `upside down', Psalms cxlvi 9 . más bun os cionn atá sé `if he haue any auersion', RSClára 155a . For fuller treatment see 1 bun.

65 With ré: ria cind tri trath in three days, RC xvii 386.2 .

With TAR (see also 24, 42).

66 fo-ceird etc. tar c.¤ (somet. with possess. before c.¤ ) overthrows, upsets, turns upside down : in cor tar c.¤ gl. euersio, Ml. 36d23 . gl. euertando, 72b12 . tochur tar c.¤ , Críth G. 233 . ro lá in slúag . . . tara cend, LU 9760 . fochichret in Trói dar cend, TTr.² 389 . ro-chuir cend dar cend . . . miassa na monotóri, PH 4392 . is e ro-lá dar cend ar forcetul-ne subverted, 1686 . See fo-ceird. Cf. dos-curedar tara cend 'she collapses', CMMucr. 50 § 43 .

67 With do-tuit (see 44): co torchratar . . . dara c.¤ hi suan, ZCP iii 6 § 20 .

68 tar c.¤ on behalf of, for the sake of, in return for, in lieu of, because of, for, etc. (see 36): dufiastar tara c.¤-som `punishment will be inflicted for them', Ml. 27c4 . deich tarm ch.¤ `take vengeance for me', 72d11 . no oircthe . . . tar c.¤ a p[ecthae] ind aile `for its sins', Tur. 110c . taiccéra cách dará chen fessin gl. pro sé, Wb. 6b28 . oc irbáig dar far c.¤-si gl. de uobis, 16d8 . ? mo ort do gabál darm ch.¤ `that my rank should be taken for me', 23b18 . a setig . . . do pennait tar a cend fadesin ┐ dara cendsom on her own behalf and his, Mon. Tall. 163.18 . dar cend na cāna in return for, Cáin Ad. 25 . ciata glinni con-daigi dar cend frithaisceda?, MU² 65 . do foglaim na Tāna rucc in sái rōmānach a hArdmacha dar cend in cuilmin, ACL iii 5.31 . na feicheamna dara tecait cend, Laws iv 60.18 Comm. tarc.¤ gabhála aigi ┐ tacra tar a ch.¤ pleading in his behalf, CCath. 535 . díol tar ceann a chomaoineadh, Content. ix 25 . tar ceann do chloinne, Dán Dé xxviii 29 .

69 in spite of, in violation of; notwithstanding : ba holc lais dith Fergail darceand a shida, RC xxiv 64 § 25 . tar c.¤ Conoill, Duan. F. i 84.8 . tar a cheann sin nevertheless , Desid. 3220 .

70 Of begetting offspring by a woman in spite of or unknown to her husband (see 37): trī meic Medba fri Fergus dar c.¤ nAilella, Corp. Gen. 279.1933 . mac ruc don Dagda . . . / dar cend ḟir na síde, Metr. Dinds. iii 30.75 . is e doroine in toirrcis sin fria dar c.¤ Cathbaid, RC vi 175.51 .

71 As conj. tar c.¤ go notwithstanding the fact that, although : tar ceann go n-abair an Chóir Anmann gur . . . ní mheasaim gurab . . . , Keat. ii 2344 . tar cheann go n-anann tú feadh do bheathadh san olc, Mac Aingil 1040 . tar ceann gur shaoil . . . notwithstanding the fact that, TSh. 541 . tar cheann go bhfuil mórán etc. even though there are . . . , Párl. na mB. 461 .

Compds. (general composition-form in early lang. cenn-. Later also cinn- and ceinn- before palatals).

With nouns.

72 In dvandva-compds. (see Wortk. 130 ): bidh suī lēigind co cendanim head and soul, ACL iii 231.22 . cend-chossach head and feet (of cooked animal), Ériu iv 124 § 2 .

73 With c.¤ qualifying second member: cu nach fácbadh claidem ar cennadairt, Acall. 1632 = SG 129. 29 `pillow' ( -adart, BLism. 212 rb13) . Fig. cennadart fona fertaib inso, Thes. ii 332.27 ( Hy. v 23 gl .). Of a person: O'M. a cceann adhart, Top. Poems 58.18 . oenball dia curp nó da cendagaid `countenance', CCath. 4700 . gráin catha ar mo cheannaghaidh (sic leg.), Content. xxiii 15 . tria cendairde no tria cendísli doníther in taidbhriudh anuasan, O'D. 908 (H. 3.17, 649) = O'Curry 2164 ( Eg. 88, 4(5)d ) (see O'Gr. Cat. 139 ). cennait muilind `the head (site) of a mill', Ériu xvii 76.10 . cennáit `head residence', AFM v 2082.2 . ? Cf. an chríoch nó an cionnaidh is dúthaigh dhó, TSh. 1775 (chianáit, v.l., Gloss.). ar Chrīst ar cennabaid chief lord, ZCP viii 214.6 . do ghabh clogat . . . fa n-a cheann-bhaithios `head', MR xiv 21 . ¤barr see cen(n)barr. ¤bécc see cennbécc. ¤bert see ceinnbeirt. cennbhile oir na n-ardriog (a prince), LL 394.8 . bheith dheit ad chinnbhile ós coill, O'Gr. Cat. 381.22 . súdh ceannbhracha `malt liquor', O'Hara 4076 . in Cennc[h]at[h]ach ina laimh .i. a bachall, Lism. L. 3103 . ¤chléithe = cenn: scothais a chenn clēithi de, ZCP viii 117 § 12 . ní chuirthear ceannchnaipe óir ar phaidrín mhaide, Mac Aingil 1041 `Pater Noster bead(?)', Gloss. lom[r]aid a cendchongraim din mnái headdress, Hib. Min. 77.9 . ceann cosnamach comegin C. `violent groans', MR 260.6 (leg. ¤osnadach ?). for cenn-cumhdach a choroine ` head-covering ', Misc. Hag. Hib. 43 § 62 . capitolauium .i. cenddīunach, Corm. Y 296 . cend-drong filed fó fírda, Metr. Dinds. i 36.93 . inceindetan gl. gigram, Gild. Lor. 82 . donchendfiacail gl. capitali, 134 . ¤ḟochrus see cennḟochrus. cenngalor (in marg. dolor capitis), Wb. 17b25 . Vita Br. 28 . dia ro h-icad don cheann-galar, YBL 174b23 . ? ni tormaig ni fora notrus . . . a cendgelt, Ériu xii 40 § 51 ; 'tonsure' ZCP xlii 48 . caeca echlosc orda co cendimlaib airgid, IT ii2 191.14 (cennpairtib, v.l.) `end knobs'? Plummer MS notes. ¤ísle see cendairde. ¤lá see cennlá. ¤liter capital letter. Usually metaph. of persons and things: cinn-litre ceall `the capitals of the churches', Content. xv 30 , cf. xviii 73 . dún iona cáir cinnlitre, Ériu v 60.4 . ceinnlitir siodha ┐ coccaidh `arbiter', AFM iv 976.3 . snímcha cendmaisse `head- dress', Tec. Corm. xvi 84 . cendmaisse laime glove, Acall. 5971 v.l. ¤míl name of an ornament: coíca acrann . . . co cendmílaib, TBFr. 31 . fuath . . . [na] cendmila tucsat a coscar catha, Aen. 1563 . Of persons: Ísa Críst . . . in cennmíl cumdachta, ZCP viii 204.34 . ní ba cendmíl muinntiri / nech nach fulaing a hécnach, iv 468 § 17 . a fírchlethe a chendmullaig, LU 6475 . brat tlachtgorm corcarrda hi cennfait impe (i.e. thrown over her head?) (cennḟait, MS), TBC-I¹ 2791 . cendpaite imma cenna `fillets', RC ix 484 n.5 . cinnréallna `stars of first magnitude', Ó Bruad. iii 14.7 . cend-róit `highway', CRR 28 . (Auricula Muris) ceinn-sgethrach do ghenam dhe, ┐ glanaidh an inchinn o na salcar, 23 K 42, 367.5 (see sceithrech). fá cheannsmacht, Oss. iv 274.24 . ` paitric' cennsrián, Metr. Gl. 19 `headstall', Plummer MS notes. dotuit ar a cenntruime topheaviness, O'Dav. 200 . cenntruime .i. gin collad, O'Curry 2598 ( Eg. 88, 50(51)d ). cend-urra a slánaigthe `Captain', Heb. ii 10 .

With adjectives.

74 C. chendalaind, ZCP xi 41 § 5 . cendard cassetnach, IT iii 246.80 . dá ech . . . cendbeca, LU 9257 . na dá chendbricc 'the two piebald-headed ones' TBC-LL² 1086 . cnā ceand-buidhi, ZCP v 22 § 16 . tre cnoccuibh corra cenncæla, ZCP vi 290.22 . ic imbirt fidchilli .i. na Cendchaeme (as subst.), LL 8350 (TBC). ingena cendálli cendchassa curly-headed, 31382 (TTr.). do innsaighi cnuic cennchuirr, ZCP vi 60.12 . cendchrom torsech, LL 12064 (TBC). ¤étig freq. as n. pr., see Corp. Gen. etc. trian a scéith chendfhada comdhualaig, ZCP xiii 211.11 . ar coiciud cendḟind Connacht, LL 3224 . See cenann. cheillínill / ceandfolaim, IT iii 92 § 139 . an fer cendgarb, i 273.29 ( FB 40 Eg.). cairrge ceann-gharbha, ML 34.4 . cranngal cheinngér, IGT Decl. ex. 905 . Eoghan an airm cheannghlais, DDána 99.40 . ar taisbenad a craisigi cenn-guirme catha, MR 196.5 . ¤grúcánach see grúcánach. a muinter . . . cendísel Corccaige `hang-head', MacCongl. 29.22 . arocul becc . . . cendisel low-pitched, Todd Lect. vi 42.2 ( LB 134a35 ). laech caem cendlethan, LL 11824 (TBC). cofacca . . . in deilb . . . cennléith, Ériu iv 102.12 . ocbud . . . chendmas, Anecd. i 60.88 . a dhá chraoisigh ceann-reamhra, ML 112.21 . ar ná ba cennscoilte `lest you get your head broken', Tec. Corm. 38.26 . Cuirrín Cheannsholuis, ML 32.18 . dia sephaind céis cenntoll céol, ZCP iii 7.2 . ¤tromm see cenntromm.

Rarely with verbs:

75 ceannlasfaidh a cró coirrshleagh (of warriors), Aithd. D. 16.28 . gu cennlúbdais na clocha na caolsoighdi the stones turned the points of the arrows, Caithr. Thoirdh. 113.6 .

Freq. as second element in compds.

76 See GOI 219 (nochtchenn, ardchenn). Freq. in this use in form -genn, see GOI 87 , O'Rahilly, Ériu xiii 140 . See cloicenn, cromcenn, corrcenn, 1 dícenn, táilgenn, tollcend (1 toll). Note further: crothid conchend catha ceirp, LU 3629 ( SCC 31 , see note in SC2). teiti tair fo thalmain trell / i nEgiptacthaib láncend (the Nile), LL 16325 . m. Fiachach Uanchind, Corp. Gen. 88.7 . Baccan mac Brain meic Eircc hUbulchind, Rawl. 126b43 .

77 Very freq. in nn. loc., see Hog. Onom.

n t, m., GOI p. 206 . For n p. cinnta, Ml. 62d5 see ib. 205 . n s. also cionaidh, Ériu xiii 30.18 . a s. gan a cen, ZCP x 49.1 . d s. lán do chen, Rel. Celt. ii 206.z . c.¤ f. (dental infl.), IGT Decl. § 4 adding acht na ceananna; comair na gcenann is noted ceart do chanamain, ex. 247 while co centaibh is prohibited, ex. 246 . c.¤ m. (g s., n p., ceana), § 71 . Latter inflection v. freq. in later language. ? g p. cion, Content. xiv 18 (unrhymed).

I Guilt, fault, crime : ni nach c.¤ aile `it is not any other fault', Wb. 19d26 . brithemnacht forsin c.¤ -sa, 9b10 . ní fil ci[nta] doib fri Saul gl. culpae . . . conscii, Ml. 30b2 . na bad eola inar cintaib, gl. conpati infirmitatibus, Wb. 33b21 . is ái in c.¤ `his is the crime', Sg. 203a18 . it móra mo chinaid `great are my crimes', Fél. Ep. 387 . i cóictidi doluigdís cinaith la hóes rechtgae, Hib. Min. 26.x . cen fīach fair ina chintaib, Corm. Y 472 . bec in c.¤ tria chaingne chon, Sc.M² 21b . din chutrumma chinad noslenand, LU 2094 ( FA 16 ). ní ba c.¤ ṁbreithe in chlaidib beithir dí her crime in bringing the sword, TBFr. 248 (where c.¤ a s. ?, cf. v.l. p. 20). nībbōi c.¤ nombeith dóib, TBC-I¹ 2907 . olc in cosc cinad romchrín (Eve speaks) punishment for sin, Ériu iii 148 § 2 (`the wicked advice'). fiarfaighidh damh créad mo chion the charge against me, Magauran 856 . toil na gciontadh love of sin, Dán Dé xviii 10 . cealg ar gcionadh, DDána 12.4 . bean chúitigheas ar gceana (of Mary), 7.32 . maor measta ar gcean (Archangel Michael), PBocht 2.39 . sein-eol an cheana `the old way of sin', Dán Dé xxi 16 . marbh ó bhar gceanaibh ┐ ó bhar bpeacaidhibh mortui delictis et peccatis, TSh. 1192 .

Attrib. gen.: m'fhear cionadh enemy , DDána 101.52 . im intinn cheana sinful mind, Aithd. D. 92.21 . ní ro-theacht Ísu nach ṅgaile chinad do pecud any stain of the guilt of sin, PH 4826 . dáil cheana occasion of sin, DDána 10.34 . With follg. gen.: co . . . foltaib fíraib . . . cintaib laíme `for crimes of hand', Tec. Corm. 2.24 . silliud súla, cintaib bél, 26 . cin laime, cin coise, c.¤ tengad, c.¤ bel, c.¤ sula, Laws i 238.10 . cin leagha, IGT Decl. ex. 1138 . Prov. gach ciontaigh a chion, Celtica i 103.507 . In cheville: cid lór do chion, BS 68.7 .

Of specific sins, crimes: cion na drúise, Dán Dé xxxi 34 . cin na hecni sin of violence, PH 7537 . cion an fhormaid, Dán Dé xxxi 39 . cion an fhuatha, 38 . cion na sainte, 37 . cen duine do marbhadh ina cintaib comraiti `intentional crimes', Laws i 14.8 Comm. cionta comhraite .i. cionta as a riocht, O'Cl. Of sexual sin: c.¤ do epscop Mél fria fiair, Trip.² 980 . connach fedar-sa c.¤ ó ḟir eli ó ro imig sin (Penelope), Mer. Uil.2 238. go ngébhadh Oigh toircheas gan chion fir, Carswell 114.19 . Med.: foillsigid . . . cionta na nae vitia hepatis, 23 K 42, 125.13 .

II In phrases. Preceded by prep.: ferr duit nech aile ar na cintaibh at fault, ZCP vi 272 § 10 . cen chinta friu-som gl. gratis inimicitias eius patior, Ml. 142b5 . cen cinta `without offence', 74a1 . cen chinaid n-uaim fri nech gl. sine causa, 54d16 . lucht céssais cen chinaid `crimeless folk', Fél. Jan. 17 . in fíren do crochadh cen cinaid, PH 2933 . N . . . . [do marbad] . . . cin chuis cin cinaid, Ann. Conn. 1306.11 . do-rocair . . . / do laimh Cethirn go cciontaibh in return(?), TBC St. 3740 . Ruad mac Baduirn ba d'Ultaib / nuall cach glanuill co cintaib, LL 2589 . co cinaidh, Leb. Cert. 206.9 . di chinaid, prep. phrase with gen.: tuccus doibhsion da chionaid / ionad i ccoraidh mo tempuill in return, BNnÉ 175.3 . ? Cf. do chinaib cuna / guin fiachglanta, YBL 179b12 = BB 259b1 . i cin(aid), i cintaib with gen. or Vn. phrase in revenge, atonement for: cim[b]ith i cinaid .u.ir `a captive for every five persons concerned' (of penalty for breach of a king's protection), Ériu xvi 37 § 3 . i ccinaid a m[e]ic `in atonement for the liability of his son', ibid. a cinta oirccne `on account of injury done', Mon. Tall. 155.29 . a mmbarbad ar Fíanna Fáil / i cinaid marbtha Dubáin, LL 29354 . hi cinta ind fergoirt do milliud, LU 8526 ( FB 38 ). 'n-a chion féin `through its own fault', Magauran 3724 . Similarly tré chin(aid), chinta: tré ch.¤ drochmna, IT i 75.6 ( LMU 13 ). ronlaad a Parthus tria china[i]d imarbois (said by Adam to Eve), MacCarthy 60.23 . tré chenaib in popuil, Caithr. Thoirdh. 4.15 . With follg. prep.: cen chinaid for mnāi / do réir dligid Dé `do not hold a woman liable', KMMisc. 272.1 . ní mó . . . a c.¤ frib . . . indás na tucsaid úadib, LU 8980 ( FB 73 ). ni fetur-sa c.¤ dam frit `I know of no wrong I have done thee', Grail 2109 . ní fhoil cion riomsa ag R. R. has nothing to complain of against me, Aithd. D. 48.16 .

Other phrases: do-gní cin(aid) fri offends against: na cinta aili do niat na daíne risin ferann, Laws iv 140.19 Comm. re ghnuis nderg go ndentar c.¤ `till some charge is brought against his blushing face'(?), Magauran 2997 . With cuirid: dá mbeinn dod chur i gciontaibh if I were to accuse you, DDána 88.22 . cionnta go gcuire ar do ghaoltaibh, Aithd. D. 26.16 . ? Cf. nī mō leis (= le Dīa) blāth droigin duibh / ┐ cāch do chur 'na ch.¤ / . . . inā duille da chor d'fidh taking everybody into account(?), ZCP vi 269 § 13 .

As quasi-vn.: ēside o[c] cinaith frit-sa, ACL iii 295 § 21 `that itself is what's sinning against you,' Jn. Celt. Stud. ii 104 .

III

(a) In legal contexts offence, crime, etc. for which the doer is answerable at law, hence with meaning liability, guilt, incurred penalty, etc.: focerdar c.¤ co fergac `liability is attached to the angry man', BDC 25 . imdích dliged a chéle cintaib cuir (of duties of `flaith'), Críth G. 339 `in regard to liabilities arising from contract?' (Notes). .vii. claid . . . na[d] dírenatar cinaid `whose liabilities are not atoned for', Ériu xvii 70 § 13 . óthá suidiu hícad cách cinaid a c[h]laid `the liability of his ditch', 72 § 14 . a ḟrepaid ó ḟi[u]r chinad guilty party, Críth G. 60 . c.¤ comḟocuis responsibility for a relative or legal connection: c.¤ cach comfoguis for araile `liability of each kinsman upon the other' (as with éiric), Laws i 262.16 . imtha fri cion comfocuis `it is likewise with liability of kindred', Stud. in E. Ir. Law p. 145 , glossed is amlaid sin atait re hic cinta comfocuis, amail comruinnit in dibad is amlaid comruinnid (ícaid, v.l.) in cinaid. cion comhgais, cáin nó díol do bhuain amach i n-éiric nó i n-eineaclainn an loit . . . doghní neach . . . d'á charaid nó d'á chineadh, Keat. i 68.47 . is mo sidhe do ch.¤ `thy liability . . . is greater than (the value of) this (sword)', IT iii 201 § 75 . Cf. berid-si lib ina c.¤ fén iat (said to tax collectors) `in their own discharge', Todd Lect. vi 44 § 64 .

(b) Hence in sense of payment due, levy, exaction : ? fri commus a cheana ┐ a smachta ┐ a fiadhaig (`rule'), IT iii 199.8 . ? oenach Cuile co cintaib appropriation, LL 25093 . ni beiride acht cethramthain di ch.¤ na somane, di orbu na saetur (of the iarḟine), Laws iv 284.6 . cion do chuir i nDruim Lethan / do rioghaibh mar gnathachadh (of a proposal to billet soldiers on the community of D.L.), BNnÉ 288.33 . can luad cairti 'n-a cenaib `without mention of a charter for their tributes', Hy Fiach. 212.y . ceathruime cidh ima ḟuil / c.¤ leathbaile na lenmain why has a quarter the dues of a half-village? IGT Decl. ex. 194 . gníomh d'fhearann saor ar gach ein-c[h]ion `free from every impost', Misc. Arch. Soc. 190.8 . do bhuain chean `to get dues', O'Hara 2598 . Cf. kinduff alias black rent, Fiants Eliz. 5997 quoted Measgra D. Gloss. p. 243 .

(c) booty, plunder, and hence by implication victory, triumph, success: buáil-si um cheanuibh gach críche `take the spoil of every country', Ériu ix 8.88 . gáir na stoc i n-am na gcean, Measgra D. 57.22 . cena mora ┐ crecha aidbli, Ann. Conn. 1365.5 . urusa dhuit déanaimh cean `to win triumphs,' TD 1.45 . mall ar gcéimne leis an gcion we travelled slow with the `creach', Aithd. D. 6.44 . le neart-ghoil céimeann nó cean `triumphs', Content. xxx 21 . ag cuimhne a gcean `recalling their exploits', O'Hara 4406 .

(d) share, due portion : do chion (sic leg.) d'fágháil do'n éiric, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 364.17 . gan chion i gcogar Dé dhamh `part', Dán Dé xxvi 14 . breith na clainne is cean [do] mhartra is a kind of martyrdom, DDána 32.17 . ? dá shochar do gheibhthear as an Aifrionn . . . cion impidhe ┐ leóirghníomh, Eochairsg. 51.6 . Hence in pl. fortune, weal : daoine ar tí chean a chéile `set against each other's weal', Dán Dé vii 17 . dh'ionnramh chean ó gCéin `to serve (as defence for) their interests', O'Hara 2393 . díon ar gcean `to secure our fortunes', Aithd. D. 84.37 .

In chevilles: ard an cion, DDána 17.23 . mór an cion, O'Hara 3241 .

As quasi-conj.: cion a raibhe do shólás . . . dá bhfuaradar . . . go raibhe sé do dhólás orra . . . the greater the pleasure . . . . the greater the misery . . . , TSh. 3730 . cion a bhfuil d'fhad-dáil . . . atá sé do chaoile tanto . . . quanto, 5405 .

(e) love, affection (for development of meaning cf. cuit, 1 pairt): Críosd dom chion san bhrátha-ló `may Christ love me', Celtica iv 169.272 . maircc as gar da chill go ccion `dear', BNnÉ 286.31 . tarbh tána ar nar ceileadh cion `well-beloved' (of warrior), O'Hara 3469 . ró ceana `great affection', 2993 . onóir ┐ míoonóir (sic), cion ┐ neimhchion, do thabhairt d'én nduine abháin, Desid. 2367 .

(f) esteem, respect : menicniugad cena do denam (of a `céile' rising up before his `flaith'), O'Curry 621 ( H 3.18, 300 ). gan a cen ar naomh nō ar dhān, ZCP x 49.1 . a chion do réir a ríaghla, Bard. Synt. Tr. 3.22 . mic Uisnigh dhár chóir c.¤ , IT ii2 115.25 . is beg in c.¤ ata acan tren[n]íadh ugud oirne `respect . . . for us', Stair Erc. 1477 . méad an cheana do bhíodh ag cách ar an inchinn `how highly everyone prized', Keat. ii 3085 . ní fhuil cion innte ar fhéiltibh (of Ireland), Measgra D. 55.17 . With defining gen.: cion áonanma as .c. orra they are to be treated as one noun, Bard. Synt. Tr. 203.11 . ní bhíodh cion fírinne ortha `were not regarded as genuine', Keat. ii 3878 .

In phrases. cuirid i c.¤: m'anam thuas dá chur i gcion being honoured, DDána 12.8 . do cheird féin ní chuire i gcion `you do no credit to your art', Content. xxiv 8 . túis dod ghuidhe cuir i gcion `urge thy most zealous petition', A. Ó Dálaigh xxxv 1 . féile an leinbh gá chora i gcion `making it manifest', Ériu ix 166 § 32 . roinn ar ar chuireadar cion the division which they fixed, Content. xi 7 . téid i c.¤: ní théid a rún cliachdha a gcion does not go into effect, LBranach 3543 . fo ch.¤ respected: gearr an seal thugsad fa chion, Content. v 106 . do ghlac an rígh an macaomh go honórach ┐ do bhí fá cion aige, Eochairsg. 114.13 .

In phr. c.¤ fátha (printed as compd.) occasion (of sin, etc.): ar ngabáil chionfátha dhon pheacadh, Romans vii 8 . do chum nach tiubhruinn cionfátha don druing lé na mían cionfátha dhfaghail, 2 Cor. xi 12 . Cf. cennḟáth and Dinneen s.v. fáth .

Compds. do chleith mo cheanfhaghla, Aithd. D. 55.3 . le Dia [gidh] cin-iomdha ar gcás, A. Ó Dálaigh xxxiv 10 .

n u, [m.?] (Lat. census, GOI 172 , Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 209 ). Treated as neut. in: cis n-incis o anfine, ┐ cis n-infuilaing o fine, ┐ cis n-airdbide . . . ó fine ┐ ó anfine, Laws i 158. 7 - 9 Comm., hisa c.¤ , Trip.² 184 . Perh. occasionally as o-stem in Laws (see exx. below). cíos m., IGT § 34 . tax, tribute, cess, rent : c.¤ gl. cim, LU 8901 ( FB 68 ). mál .i. cíos, Eg. Gl. 472 . c.¤ gl. fiscus, Sg. 37b16 . athgabail treisi sloiged, ciss `distress of three days for hosting, rent', Laws i 156.27 . sáor ar chios gach cionaidh (leg. cionad?) fine(?), Ériu xiii 30.17 . re im dingbail cisa di-a tuaith `a battle to ward of rent', Laws v 300.24 . c.¤ égoir ro cuinge[d] ar an duini, O'Curry 2314 ( Eg.88, 24(25)b ). dligid císa mo dhuan-sa, H 3.18, 563 . dirodba indiunn / ar colno císu `may she destroy within us the taxes of our flesh', Thes. ii 325.19 (Hy. iv) glossed peccata, cf. cíos .i. peacadh, O'Cl. ro maith in rí a ch.¤ do Pátraic, Trip.² 187 . cána ┐ smachta ┐ císa fer nErend, LU 4207 . fis do ch.¤ co cert, KMMisc. 276 § 72 . in tan rochlomar clocān / ni furāil in c.¤ , ACL iii 313 § 19 . cis trom do-berthea forro, Ériu xvi 84.88 . do chungid in chīsa co Gāedelaib, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 10.y . conair chissa a journey which led to (their) paying tribute(?), Acall. 7008 . dlegaid claidme c.¤ a nglantai iarna tosluccad `swords are entitled to the tribute of cleansing them', RC xii 106 § 162 . tug sé c.¤ in da theallach sin leis, Stair Erc. 1647 . cíos na gcath ag cath Bhúille `income from their battles', O'Hara 4000 , see n. cíos mar dogheabhthair don Ghall `cess is got even by the foreigner', Dán Dé xxv 7 . DDána 58.26 . ar gnē chīossae a fforcionn gach mīossa `at a certain rent, payable at the end of each month', Fl. Earls 54.3 . cíos cinnte . . . mar chothughadh óna thighearna, TSh. 10075 `wages' Glossary.

With bés: nī dlig nach rī . . . cīs nā bēs nā gēill . . . don tīr-sin, Corp. Gen. 207.8 . co fessta a ciso ┐ a m-besu lais, TE 2 Eg. = fri commus a m-bésa ┐ a chisa dóib, LU 10716 .

With descr. gen. or adj. of particular tributes, taxes: cíos na hainnise, an mhairsil ’s an tséile, Five Pol. Poems 92.196 . cíos na hainnise chailleas mar mhéirlig, 41.127 . oc tobach in chísa Céssarda, PH 2488 . cios cosanta `protection tribute', AFM iv 1152.6 . cīos is cáin Ērenn, ZCP viii 108.21 . ni rig . . . do na tabar chis flatha `he is not a king . . . to whom the rent of a king is not given', Laws iv 50.23 .i. daeraicillnechta .i. braich, 27 Comm. atait secht neimid cethra . . . bo ciss flatha no eclasa, v 260.3 .i. bo bis ac imḟulang a cisa do ḟlaith no do eclais, 12 Comm. fine cis flatha, v 318.3 .i. in fine bis ag imḟulang a cisa do'n flaith, 9 Comm. do chuinchid chísa grotha ┐ imbi, Trip.² 182 . dobeiredh dham cíos a chinn `used to pay me tribute' (polltax), O'Gr. Cat. 349.18 . c.¤ (n-)inchis see inchís ? c.¤ láime see lám. folach cis lobair, Laws i 230.24 glossed imfulaing (sic leg.) cisa in duine troig, .i. diablad in cisa, 232.25 - 6 . c.¤ nemid tribute due from person of status; uracomol cis neimid, iv 6.10 .i. in ní fora firaccomailter a cis do neimed, y. Comm. do cuireadh cíos Phádraig ar Chonnachtaibh lé Gormghal mac Dín Dáthaidh `Patrick's tribute', Keat. iii 2527 . c.¤ rigdae gl. uectigal, Sg. 52b9 . saer na bochta . . . o'n ch.¤ rigda, PH 458 . fon cis Romanach, Todd Nenn. 70.14 . Cf. mo chíos bhróin rem chois dom chailg `my tribute of grief', Rel. Celt. ii 236.11 . See also Laws i 158.7 - 9 cited above.

With a variety of vbs. expressing levying, exacting, paying tribute: ben do beim císa orainn exact your tribute from us, Lism. L. 3195 . ic brith chīsa Muman. Corp. Gen. 406.10 . fer lé cumthar c.¤ ar coblach, Studies 1920, 418.25 . do ghlacadh cíosa na sealbha `rents', RSClára 49b . ac nougudh (ag gnougudh) a chisa ┐ a chana fein orro, RC xliii 58.9 . cīs in caistiaill d'icc, Grail 3430 . oc tobuch a císa, LU 10435 . Ellipt.: co ná fil . . . / rolamad c.¤ ar Cairind `lay tribute on C.', Ériu iv 98 § 25 .

With prepp. CEN (somet. mere cheville): slíab cen chísu `the mountain free of tax', Metr. Dinds. iii 302.61 . ar do croich cruaid cen cisae innocent(?), Ériu xix 12 § 6 . FO: fo chísu cacht `a captive under tribute', Metr. Dinds. iii 8.83 . us cora mac mucsaide fo chis, Laws v 456.5 . fir 's mná na cruinne fad chíos-sa (of the Cross), DDána 2.4 . suídhe fó chíos tributis serviet', Párl. na mB. 1309 . ro laiset Cenel cConaill fo chios doibh, Hugh Roe² 114.16 . I N-: ingen Rúaid berair hi c.¤ do Fomorib, LU 10439 . SECH: dochuaid sech císu co cert, LU 3065 `i.e. she was exempt from tribute?' Fél. 53 note.

In cheville (see also above): ba buan a c.¤ , Anecd. i 60 § 88 . 65 §134 .

Compds. With nouns: do shaigdis na h-uili seo . . . co Cormac na chischain as tax and tribute, YBL 140b6 . ní thardsad císchain doibh, BB 207b35 . roinn na cíoscána, BNnÉ 258.15 . cuairt ┐ cischanachus a chinid . . . do Ch. `tribute-rents', Fen. 120.7 . ¤-thoibgeóir see toibgeóir.

n u, m. See Éigse xiv 132 . metrical term for a word or verse-line of seven syllables: claidemnus in sechtmad dēach .i. claidem manus .i. na lāime . . . seacht ndēalt dano fil i claidemnus, ut est fīanamailecharadard, Corm. Y 447 (p. 38.4, 7). c.¤ .i. claidebh manus .i. manus lamh ┐ claidebh na laimi in slindean: ┐ is e in sechtmad dialt, Auraic. 1425 . oenfidh . . . i ndialt, . . . a secht i c.¤ , 1217 . claidemnus dā, ut est: Atta cara cobolcaín / damsa for maig lagen lir, IT iii 49.1 . cloindmanus, 21 § 65 (claidemnus, v.l.). casbairdne . . . .iiii. randa indide ┐ cloindbinnius in cach raind, 11.8 . cloindbindus i cechtar de; ocht ndialt fichet son, IT iii 11 § 15 (claidemnus, v.l.; i.e. a stanza of four seven-syllabled lines).

adj io, iā. lámh chlé . . . (lámh chlí lochtach), IGT Decl. § 139 . n s. f. lám chlíí, PH 5950 . a s f. clí, 523 . g s m. in chatha clé , LL 364 . g s f. a lama clii , Laws v 80.3 Comm. do riged clí , TBC-LL¹ 46 . na righedh clé , Stair Erc. 352 . láime clí , IGT Decl. ex. 1933 . d s m. for clār chlīu , Corp. Gen. 281.12 . d s f. for laim chlí , Thes. ii 13.31 ( BCr. 19c3 ). n pl. a llamha cléa , CCath. 6140 . d pl. ina lámaib cléi , TFerbe 237 . See GOI p. 61 .

I

(a) left : cle gl. sinister , Ir. Gl. 387 . clē a clypeo (, clepio MS.), Corm. Y 225 . clae a clepio , O'Mulc. 215 . maraid slicht inna bachla in a leith clíu, Lat. Lives 52.8 . cepp ina láim chlí . . . bíail ina láim deis, LU 9190 ( FB 91 ). dofil in carpat . . . ┐ dorala clār clē frind (an insult or challenge), TBC-I¹ 1192 ( LU 5668 ). tossoísom iarom clár c.¤ a carpait fri hEmain, LU 5194 (TBC). ardaslig tar fonnad c.¤ / cotagoin in ríastarthe, 4574 (TBC). tuc-sam a glun c.¤ rissin carpat, Acall. 6940 . colg dét iarna chossliasait chlí, TBC-LL¹ 5288 . tuc a ulli ch.¤ fáe i Taltin (implication not clear), 4641 . tonindnaig ind ammait leithi in chon dó assa laim chlí (to bring misfortune upon him), LL 13890 . dul ar an dtaoibh gc.¤ `to be condemned on the Day of Judgment', Dánfhocail 48 . docomhlat as . . . laimh clí frisan loch, Hugh Roe² 64.9 ( láimh clé, 60.29 ). beannacht na láimhe clí do M., TSh. 9909 (regarded as less efficacious than beannacht na láimhe deise, 9908 ). ar an láimh ndeis ná ar a' láimh cclí, Párl. na mB. 2041 .

(b) Fig. malign, inauspicious, ill-omened, sinister; bad, perverse: c.¤ .i. cláon, O'Cl. da ainm don chlaoine colaigh / `ciol' is `cle', Metr. Gl. 28 § 41 . a ḟlaith Cermna can ni c.¤ `without partiality', LL 23250 ( CRR 54 ). aided ind Ḟind chétna ch.¤ / la Sétna perverse(?), LL 14931 . luid uadib cen chísal c.¤ / co tísad afrithise `without wrongful offence(?)', Metr. Dinds. ii 28.39 . robo c.¤ mana in marc-ṡluag `that array of steeds was an evil omen', iv 128.68 . Hence: c.¤ .i. olc. c.¤ mhana .i. olc, urchóid no adgall, O'Cl. (who seems to regard it as a compd but mana: braga). Cf. cle is mana fort a Chithruadh, BLism. 1731b17 . beith 'ga cāi robad clē dam, / ō do bī toil Dē 'na dul I should do wrong to mourn him, ZCP vii 303 § 6 . cathugud ceilgi as clē dūind / ┐ mē fa meirgi in Rīg, ACL iii 237 § 30 (`dangerous', Aithd. D. 62 ). iarsin curp cle-su `after this wayward body', Ériu xix 12 § 6 . do chath-cliu na Conallach, MR 188.8 . fa taom c.¤ anadh re hágh `a perilous act', Celtica ii 169 § 48 . acsin [saer]chlanna Dairi / ní comhairemh c.¤ no wrong estimation(?), Miscell. Celt. Soc. 32.9 . sén Dé duit is dúin-ne / ní c.¤ duit ar nduain-ne not inauspicious (inaugural ode to chief), Caithr. Thoirdh. 31.22 . don phubal is c.¤ do chosc / an té thugadh dá tegusc, IGT Decl. ex. 737 . gidh c.¤ an chúis laghaidh tho' the case for pardon is unfortunate, 20 . an chuideachta ch.¤ `evil com- panions', Aithd. D. 52.9 . gér thréan do ba taom c.¤ an ill-starred effort, 17.33 . an chraobh nachar ch.¤ mbreath `the straight-judging hero', 30 . go fail blodh dib co soirb imcubaid da dainib maithi ┐ blodh co doirb cle . . . da drochdainib inauspicious, Ir. Astr. Tr. 70.14 . modha claona an chreidimh ch.¤ , Keat. Poems 1266 . measuim gur c.¤ an ceart d'áoneach . . . , Párl. na mB. 3683 .

Freq. in chevilles: tuitset na cróeba, nár ch.¤ , Metr. Dinds. iii 148.7 . Tea, nar ch.¤ / ben Erimóin `never unjust', i 4.31 . Cf. Fen. 54.1 . seólsat curchán, créd nad c.¤ `of flawless metal', Metr. Dinds. ii 30.65 . nī clē, RC xxxvii 347 § 39 . clu nad ch.¤ , xx 44.5 (ACC Comm.). nochar chaingen c.¤ , Mart. Don. 162.11 . ní hiúl c.¤ `'tis no erroneous report', SGS iv 144 § 29 .

II As subst.

(a) left side, left hand : a c.¤ ra Berna M. . . . a ndes ri Slíab nÉ., MU² 262 . ro impa in t-ech a ch.¤ friss, LL 13814 . cf. 13818 . co tuc a c[h]. re Coill Ruaidh, ML² 2066 . na findad do ch.¤ a n-a díngne do deis, PH 6081 .

for (ar) clíu on the left side : claideb . . . bar a chlíu, TBC-LL¹ 2737 . beir mo scíath . . . / . . . / co rraib ar cliu Chormaic Cais, LL 18383 . craeba cailce for a clīu (of a shield), ZCP viii 227 § 1 . sciath mor . . . ar cli cach oen ḟir, Cog. 74.17 .

by the left side, to the left expressed by dat. without prec. prep.: nī rubai neach diib clīu do Āth Firdiad, TBC-I¹ 3429 ; but more frequently by do chlíu: atconnairc M. . . . foscud salach dorcha dia chlíí, Lat. Lives 93.9 . Medb . . . do chlí Ailella, LL 7871 (TBC). suidid airdrī Ailig / dia c[h]liu, ZCP viii 108.5 . Brigit form deis . . . / Colum do chlíu, LL 4817 . latrand dia deis .i. D. . . . ┐ latrand dia clíí .i. G., PH 3326 . dorat sé bualadh . . . forra dia dheis ┐ dia clí, Stair Erc. 475 . cláona as an slíghe dár ndeis nó dár cclí, Párl. na mB. 4061 . Somet. also by for clíu: forud a rig for deis ri[g] Carmun: forud ri[g] Hua Failge fora clíu, Dinds. 18 . leoghan fora dheis ┐ alaile fora clí, Stair Erc. 400 . Cf. also: do Ṡean-ghoill fein ar clé ag cruadh-ghol `on the left i.e. neglected', Keat. Poems 1383 .

(a 2) (the) north : túath in chlé 'the Northern tribe' Ériu xxiv 27 . Cf. 1 fochla.

(b) Fig. ill-luck : ort do ch.¤ ┐ do chol dúabhais (an imprecation), RC xxix 116 § 11 . 146 § 70 . Cf. 132 § 45 . fuair sé a dhódh ar c.¤ his trouble went for nothing(?), Measgra D. 8.27 .

Compds. With noun. siol gCárthaich nach ndeárnaidh clé-beart evil deed , Hard. ii 334.1 . ic tabairt a bossi deis[e] fria gin fodén, ┐ a chléboss fria gin Cathail left palm of the hand, MacCongl. 103.15 . ar cle-corpaib na curadh on the left sides, CCath. 5450 . a deiscin tar clegualainn [oc toidecht uaithi] (one of the gesa of Tailtiu), Dinds. 99 . don ḟir cuil dobo cléguin `an unjust wound', Ériu iv 112 § 2 . gabais a chúach na chleláim, LL 4573 . go bhfuil clélámh an chéle nemhdha fá bhar ccenn, RSClára f. 51a . ar folāiremh aingil na clēláimhe `the devil', Fl. Earls 50.15 . dīrgit a gcūrsa clēlāimh re Tīr C. on the right of, 8.y . clēlāmh re fairrgi, 108.10 . na cáde cen cléréim `evil course', Gorm. May 24 . Nov. 24 .

With adj. ? recoecha uile comtar tuath coecha (.i. láncacha no clécacha blind in the left eye), Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss. ii 15.18 ; 'malign, inauspicious, ill-omened, sinister; bad perverse' CMCS xliii 9 .

n coimde, comga, comda (com + 1 aige? See also s. cuime) comhda coimdhe f., IGT Decl. § 3 . ? Cf. comaid (ón choimhde), § 10 . coimhdhe: oirbhe, Aithd. D. 1.18 . comhdha: toghla, 50.4 . comga: dolma, Gorm. March 14 . comhdha: forccla, BNnÉ 219.z . coimdigh, TTebe 4855 v.l.

Act of protecting, safeguarding; protection, safe keeping : Crist dia chomge dia chommorad, LL 27992 ( Metr. Dinds. iv 162.228 ). ni comga in cél ni coma / is domna der conduba, 26219 . in bratt condaig Fer Berna / acht ni trebrad ní c.¤ , 26190 . condechaid G. for comde F., ZCP xii 375.4 . is coimdhe do churchánaibh / snam ar gach sribaill ṡrianaigh, KMMisc. 313.26 . secht cloidme . . . / dom ch.¤ , 254.5 . ag ar gcoimhdhe, DDána 26.18 . labhair dar gcomhdha ar an gcrann, A. Ó Dálaigh xxii 9 . nír comga dáib a ndoicheall their churlishness was no protection to them, Ériu iv 118.4 . for a comdha `on his guard', Leb. Gab.(i) 226.9 (cf. coimét). na slóig a coimdi an cuiri, Hy Fiach. 264.7 . ro cuireadh esidhe . . . dia chomhdha go trétúrdha don tor, AFM vi 2258.w (cf. coimét).

Ref. to specific things providing protection, the protection so provided: bricht comga protective spell, TBC-I¹ 1889 . cnes cealtair comdha, ZCP xiii 175.6 . altram Néill im chomga cnes, Ériu iv 94.8 . eochair chomga cnis Hérend, 96.12 . a comgha cnis . . . .i. cathluirech, CCath. 5211 . cuaird comgi michíl (name of a hymn), Mon. Tall. 137.18 . cuairt comgi in aingil, Ériu xvi 31.18 ; 30 . cuirfeadsa coimhdhe conaire umad, ML 36.14 (a charm for a safe journey, see ML² 460 note ). is coimdi do'n tí nod geba ag dul for sed (a poem), Misc. Arch. Soc. 3.22 . ? nábad chomdi dó do banchéli a fitting wife, LU 10189 . coimhdhi bliadhna . . . ┐ éisteacht ris a year's safety through hearing it (a story), Dhá Sg. Art. 1820 .

With similar meaning in legal contexts, but exact technical application not always clear, see Plummer, Ériu ix 36 -9. comde ` guarding ', Laws i 266.11 . dlomtar fiadhain fridh coimde cirt coir, 268.9 . cach n-aithni co coimdi `security', ZCP xvii 58 § 73 . cach coimgi i lāim n-urrad, § 74 . feidli .i. fidh leo .i. la cethræ comge, O'Mulc. 500 . coimdi .i. comdedberus, O'Dav. 580 . is coimgi do boairechas dul a nairechas coisring, O'Curry 1851 ( 23 Q 6, 51 b ) = O'Curry 326 ( H 3.18, 180a ) = cumdich, O'Curry 1984 ( H 4.22, 21 ). coimde fuirre re aiseac uaithe, Laws iv 40.16 Comm. `perh. she is protected against having to restore it', Ériu ix 39 . coimgi an geilfine, Laws iv 40.7 Comm. `protection (or restraint)' (with regard to alienation of lands), Ériu ix 38 . c.¤ selba, expld. in Comm. as restraint on division of inherited property till a surviving relative also dies, O'Curry 400 ( H 3.18, 223a ). ceithre gona duine deithbire nad eillneit c.¤ laime , Laws iv 252.18 .i. . . . comoige no comhartaine, 21 Comm. ` external, material protection ', Ériu ix 37 (c.¤ bél ┐ tengad `ref. to protection in the law-courts as guarantor, security, compurgator, etc.'). c.¤ colla cetamus cach araile, O'Curry 383 ( H 3.18, 216b ). coimgi colla . . . ar na gona nach fer fine inaile, 2310 ( Eg. 88, 24 (25)a ). fearr freisneis coimhghe ara cholladh caonchoimhge, 377 ( H 3.18, 214 ). cuic coimhghi . . . a do ra fini ┐ aen re hanḟini ┐ a do eitir ḟini ┐ ainḟini: coimhghi colla ┐ coimhghi selbha re fini; coimhghi laimhi re hanḟini; coimghi bel ┐ tengadh itir fine ┐ anfine . . . coimhghi laimhi ┐ bel ┐ tengadh masa comesargain di dibh cnedaibh i nenḟeacht ra fear cach dibh ara cheili, O'D. 2388 - 9 ( Rawl. B 506, 48a ) = cumge, comge, O'Curry 384 ( H 3.18, 216b ). atait .u. corusa coimgi ann, coimgi c[olla], coimgi selba, coimgi laime, coimgi beil, coimgi tengann, O'Curry 2310 ( Eg. 88, 24(25)a ). tiugradh cach coimdi .i. in laingfitir, O'Curry 513 ( H 3.18, 259 ) `concr. of the hobble on cattle', Plummer MS. notes. manar sechnustar beith fo comgha a sét dó, O'D. 777 ( H 3.17, 557 ). nach cuimde nach gradh bis uaisle log ninech dagra etc., O'Curry 2704 ( Eg. 88, 60 (61)a ). na coimdi bes mo logh neich atgair fri hinbleogain gaibi co dublad, etc., O'Curry 2705 ( Eg. 88, 60(61)a ) = coimdedh, Laws ii 14.19 . is tre ḟīr flaitheman comrara c.¤ cethre caich torith, ZCP xi 93 § 27 . Cf. caca ceithri c.¤ comrera cona cealt cona neart, Ériu xvi 65.49 . conad gile greine c.¤ mora deine eisce, 66.60 .

See coimded.