sō: da-nō,
Ir. Gosp. Thom. § 22
.
shō: 'nō,
DDána 175 § 29
.
'nó,
LL ii 11121 (TBC)
. See
Ériu liii 139: of unknown origin in spite of
Zeuss
1005, n. 3
. Perhaps da-no, da-nu, cf.
co-nu,
ACC 66
,
nu,
ib. 11
, and
BB 318 a 33
:
dā .i. da nui insein; daniu,
Cambr.
(modelled on didiu? daniu: danu = didiu: didu);
niu the dative of ní in Mil seems a late form and should
not be compared. It is worth noticing that in the
Enchir. Aug. 85 a
(
ZCP vii 485. 6
)
Lat. denuo is glossed by nuu. The oldest meaning of dano
is that of denuo `
anew, again
' (e.g.
Mon. Tall. 149. 26
). All other
meanings arose from this.
A OLD-IR. Usually written dā = dano or dana.
daniu,
Cambr. 37 d
.
daneu,
Cambr. 38 a
,
38 b
.
dano in full,
Wb. 5 c 12
,
5 d 23
,
9 c 10
,
32 c 2
;
Ml.
43 a 22
.
dono in full,
Wb. 2 d 10
,
8 d 5
,
7 d 16
.
dana in full,
Wb. 5 c 18
. Elsewhere always dā in Wb.
danau,
Ml. 37 a 8
.
The 8th century MS Cín Dromma Snechta had dā.
B MID.-IR. Usually written dā, as in Old-Ir., and dō.
dano in full,
Laws i 26. 22
;
28. 17
,
25
;
242. 18
.
dono is the usual form in the Laws; always nó dono;
(nó dō); in full
RC xi 446, l. 55
;
Laws i 236. 20
(cid dono);
Death-tales of the Ulster heroes § 4
;
Lib. Flav. 16 a 1
.
2
.
dona in full
RC xi 444. 1
.
dana in full,
ScM. 17
(
IT i 105. 5
), H 3. 18 ;
TE 13
(
IT
i 127. 4
), Eg. dana supported by the rhyme
Acall. 3852
.
dāa,
RC xi 444. 1
f.b.
dōo,
Laws i 8. 1
.
denu in full
RC xii 72 § 44
, Harl.;
dē,
ib. 86 § 93
.
doná,
AFM iii 34. 3
;
34. 14
;
38. 10
;
40. 6
;
48. 11
;
TFrag. 8. 15
.
nú (: Lúachrú; no, v.l.),
Three Historical Poems, 112 q.23Aa
.
Syncopated forms:
dno in full,
Thes. ii 308. 5
(Preface to Fiacc's Hymn;
but
dā,
307. 4
,
9
.);
ib. 325. 7
(Preface to Ultan's Hymn,
Franc.).
Laws i 112. 1
;
220. 8
-
16
;
v 368. 9
.
CCC § 2
LU (v.l.
dā).
TBC-LL¹ 3756
(
LL 86 a 37
).
LL 34 b 31
(: rempo).
BB
109 a 20
;
353 a 31
;
296 b 51
;
322 a 14
,
19
,
21
,
22
(most
frequent in this MS).
Hib. Min. 15
(l. 51
,
58
);
18 (458)
;
40 st 3
(Rawl.).
RC xii 100. 1
;
108. 1
(Harl.);
ib. 108. 11
;
92 § 122
;
82. 1 f.b.
;
58 § 12
;
72 § 43
.
ZCP iii 227. 21
(Harl.);
249. 10
;
228 § 3
;
237 § 27
.
ACL iii 2. 5
.
Anecd. iii 25. 16
.
dā = dno supported by the rhyme,
LL 8 a 39
,
144 a 9
.
dō = dno supported by the metre,
ACL iii 297 st 60
, H. 3. 18.
dna in full:
Laws i 20. 7
.
RC xiii 377. 8
(H. 3. 18), v.l.
dā.
ScM. § 19
Harl., v.l. dā.
Cog. 160. 25
.
TFrag. 148. 11
.
AFM i 470. 10
f.b.
;
iii 110. 17
;
118. 1
.
d,
TBC-LL¹ (LL) 2298
;
ib. p. 179 n. 3
(Stowe-MS).
ZCP iii
249. 25
;
251. 4
.
Lib. Flav. 26 b 1
.
43
.
RC xii 66 § 33
(Harl.);
ib. 72 § 44
;
74 § 53
;
98 § 131
.
Hib. Min. 15 (l. 53)
,
18
(l. 449)
.
do,
RC xii 104 § 149
.
no (short `o,' cf. below;
nó,
LL 90 a 3
=
TBC-LL¹ 4318
;
cf. no rhyming with
dó,
BB 297 b 42
; written
l-,
LL 55 b 27
=
TBC-LL¹ 200
):
TBC-LL¹ (LL) 437
,
2826
,
2835
,
2839
,
2911
,
2914
,
2948
,
3167
(?),
3239
,
3647
,
3745
,
3753
,
3756
,
3885
,
4241
,
4261
,
4305
,
4322
,
4332
,
4343
,
4355
,
4365
,
4392
,
5018
,
6023
.
CRR § 7 l. 9
(
LL 172 a 1
),
§ 9 l. 8
(
172 b 2
),
§ 14 l. 5
,
§ 25 l. 6
,
§ 34 l. 2
,
§ 41 l. 4
,
§ 46 l. 7
,
§ 51 l. 11
.
LL 57 a 33
,
91 a 54
,
101 a 2
,
172 b 48
,
175 a 42
.
BB 46 a
19
,
269 b 51
,
297 b 42
(=
IT iii 12 § 21
).
Laws v 368. 17
(? ar is ón no darcid inn[d]omon do duiniu).
for `dni'
AFM v 1552
read
didiu (
dī,
Aut. MS fo 87 a
).
Of the Old-Ir. forms dono arose from dano, as ocus from
acus, under the influence of the u-shaded `n.' At the time
of the Würzburg Glosses dano was still kept distinct from
dono, the latter being used after interrogatives apparently
as an enclitic, without accent:
ar cia dono,
Wb. 2 d 10
.
cepu dono,
7 d 16
.
ce dono,
8 d 15
(cf.
cid dono,
Laws i 48.
24
;
54. 3 f.b.
).
The syncopated Mid.-Ir. forms dno, no retaining
`o' show that also in Old-Ir. the stress fell on the ultimate,
as dano stressed on the penultimate would have given Mid.-
Ir. dana. The Mid.-Ir. writing denu (
RC xii 72 § 44
, cf.
dechum, debert) points in the same direction. Compare
also the writing doná in the FM. In poetry the accent
falls on the ultimate:
Acall. 3852
: mairg dadhair don luing dana.
nachasainic Tonn Chlidna.
The syncopated form is often used in poetry for the convenience of the metre. It appears in several poems
ascribed to poets of the 11th and 12th centuries, e.g.—
LL 144 a 9
: Almon rathuit artús dā (dno leg.)
i nEtail ra Troiano.
(a poem by Giolla an Choimdhedh Ua Cormaic of the early
12th century).
LL 8 a 39
: anmand tri mac Nemid dā (dno leg.)
Luach Cessarni ┐ Luachro.
(poem by Tanaidhe Ua Maoilchonaire †1136; v.l.
no,
BB
46 a 19
).
LL 34 b 31
: i ndáil fer talman sund dno
[labrad] (cf. l. 43
) lá is aidchi rempo.
(poem by Cúán O'Lothcháin †1024).
Further in a 10th-century poem from
Rawl. 1 a 1
,
Hib. Min. 40 st 3
:
fuilriud már guin dóine dno
ocus plág for pecthacho.
in Fingen mac Flainn's poem on the Fir Arddae from
the middle of the 9th century,
ACL iii 297 st 60
:
ní mandingentar dno dóibsium
dál ndrong ndelech.
and
ICM st 188
:
atchitis dno (sic leg.) triasan tor sin forsin dorus
atreab nálaind &c.
This brings us back to the time of the Codex Sangallensis;
whence it follows that dno, though not occurring in any
MS older than the LU, belongs to the Old-Ir. period.—
No was developed from dno in Mid.-Ir. time. It seems
impossible to fix the date of this development accurately.
The appearance of `no' in old poetry, as
BB 46 a 19
,
297 b 42
,
is no test, as no might be a late substitute for dno. The
fact that the earliest instances occur in the LL points to the
12th century. In Mid.-Ir. MSS dā, dno, and no go hand
in hand. The spoken form was dno, later no; but the
traditional writing dā lingered on for centuries in the MSS.
No is found in MSS from the early 13th to the 15th
century, when it became obsolete. The FM write doná,
dana, dna, purely literary forms. In the Annals of Ulster
the particle does not in any form occur after the year 1204
(
AU ii 242. 2
).
In Mid.-Ir. no syntactical distinction is made between
dā, dno, dna, and no. The particle is never placed at the
head of the sentence, but can, apart from this, occupy
almost any position within it. It follows stressed and
unstressed words, and appears particularly often after
emphasising particles, a circumstance which contributed
to the syncope of the first syllable. It gives a certain
emphasis to the accented word immediately preceding.
The following is a synopsis of the most common positions
of the particle:
(1)
asbeir daniu ind apstol,
Cambr. 37
d. torchratar no
muinter Fintain,
LL 91 a 54
.
bemmini dano,
Wb. 9 c 10
.
mathidsom dano,
Mon. Tall. 138. 26
.
dogénsa no,
CRR § 9
.
(2)
abi mogasi dano,
Wb. 27 c 17
.
(is) maith dano,
ib. 33 a 5
.
bat roumal dano in fer sin,
Mon. Tall. 159. 2
. is ferr dano lais,
ní haurcuil dano lais MT.
(3)
issí dano,
Wb. 19 b 12
.
issed dano,
Mon. Tall. 136. 13
et pass.
cipé no,
TBC-LL¹ 200
.
(4)
(a)
uait no,
CRR § 7
.
dóib no,
TBC-LL¹ 3239
. (b) is samlid
dano,
Wb. 21 b 2
.
etrunni dano,
ib. 12 b 12
. forthusom no
LL 172 b 48
.
uaimse no,
TBC-LL¹ 4305
.
(5)
is annsin dano
tanccatar,
BDD 151. 7
.
intan dano,
ib. § 162
.
on uair
dano ronuc,
Laws i 18. 11
.
(6)
a forbi tra dano,
Mon. Tall. 128.
7
.
(7) after a noun in all cases except the vocative:
nom.
in hilur dano asberr a rind hi roṡoithe,
Sg. 73 a 11
.
gabtha díberg dano la suide,
BDD § 41
.
Diarmait dano
abb ĺa lais,
Mon. Tall. 153. 17
. acc.
nicodoes mír feolai dano,
Mon. Tall.
129. 22
. gen.
cend Ferchon Longsig no,
LL 80 a 44
.
bóisom ic fechadh a bhráthar no,
TBC-LL¹ 3885
. dat.
do díb
lethaib no,
LL 175 a 42
.
da saigid no,
TBC-LL¹ 4261
.
Dā, no (&c.) is a particle mainly employed in principal
clauses, though both in Old- and Mid.-Ir. it also appears in
secondary ones. Already in Old-Ir. often = didiu, trá. In
Mid.-Ir. MSS the interchange between dā, dī, tra, and imorro
is quite common; cf. Windisch's note
IT Glossary 467
.
dā,
LL 316 b 28
=
dī,
BB 133 b 9
. Particularly common
issed dī = issed dā, nó dī = nó dō.
I adv
Also, further, in addition, besides, as well, too
, as a
further point or circumstance tending in the same direction.
Often with 1 ocus, acus, íarum, íarom, íaram, iar tain, beus, olchena, opp. cétamus
Mon. Tall. 136. 23
.
A In the apodosis or main clause, preceded by a
subordinate clause expressing:
(a)
comparison
: amal gnís tra Críst in iustis...is samlid
dā gniith demun in filiís defidentiae
thus, too, worketh the
Devil in f.d.
Wb. 21 b 2
. amal as hiress ronóib Abracham
nitat gnīma rechto issí dā robnóibsi it also has sanctified
you
ib. 19 b 12
. amal bete som i nimpudiu inna brithemnacte bemmini dano, ib.
9 c 10
. amal durígni inna gnímu
sechmadachtai dugéna dā innahí tairngir hisa todochide,
Ml. 50 d 10
.
amal it dá lebur fichet it dí litir fichet dā,
ib.
2 d 2
. Cf.
ib. 69 b 3
.
amal as messe dudaforsat inna dúli
is me dā bæras mes firian foraib,
ib. 94 b 7
.
amal nách
forcenn libuir...ní forcenn libuir dā,
Hib. Min. 22. 6
. Cf.
also:
amal file oentid eter baullu coirp duini conroib óintu
etrunni dā hore ammi corp Críst,
Wb. 12 b 12
.
(b)
condition
:
acht robæ quies et tranquilitas regibus
bieid dā dúnni a ndede sin,
Wb. 28 a 23
. dóecastar i mbí
hinun folud bís indib ┐ a cétnide. mad inun is óinrann dā
if it be the same it is also one part (of speech),
Sg. 188 a 6
.
madh tochus cin innrucus nama ┐ maith do dénum de as
letheineclund dono beos,
Laws i 54. 3
f.b.
Cf. also
Wb.
14 d 24
: intí dia ndílgidsi dalugubsa dā, where a relative
clause takes the place of a conditional one.
(c)
time
:
o adcuaid...a ndorigeni Dia airriu de maid
asbeir iarum dā arandathidisom di maith,
Wb. 21 d 11
. ho
imrordai nech didiu isind [ḟ]recdairc...in tairsitiu adchí
dolbthai dā iarum he also afterwards feigns it
PCr.
64 a 1
.
(d)
cause or reason
:
hore...adib cretmich infectsa
cretmech dā for cland,
Wb. 10 a 6
.
huare techtas nerta is
cóir dā iarum cobsaide oc díten a muntairai,
Ml. 85 a 4
.
(e)
concession
: v. V (a).
B In principal clauses repeating the verb of the preceding
clause, with or without `ocus';
also, again
. Type:
dorochair
Laimidon...dorochratar dā forgla ríg ┐ taísech na Troiana,
Aen. 18
.
(a) cop.: ishé som doradchiúir ┐ ishé dā as taidcricc it
is he also that is the ransom
Wb. 2 b 9
.
ished ón immurgu
as fír et is fír dā esséirge omnium post sé
,
ib. 13 b 23
.
is
oc frecur céill dæ atáa (sc. mo chland) is occa dā attósa,
ib.
29 d 6
.
ropo do Dáil Chonchobair dosom ┐ rop ed dā do
máthair Brigte,
Thes. ii 325. 4
.
is misiu ém dorat...is me
dō rothairmisc,
TE § 13
Eg.
ropa cridiscél dam cédamus
...ropo cridiscél dam dā...┐...,
Mon. Tall. 136. 23
.
ba hamnus
muirn na curud...amnus d an tarneuch ruboi and,
RC xii
98. 17
; cf.
Ériu v 238. 5
. conid desin...is de dno hence
also
RC xii 106 § 162
.
indligid don fechemain apad...
indligid dō don bidbaid a élod sum im dliged,
Laws i 114. 20
.
isé rothomais ótha esca co gréin...isé dō rothomais, &c.
,
ib.
28. 11
,
14
.
(b) subst. verb:
cach genitiu dichoisin ataat indib in dí
chéill se sís. atá dā hi `sui,',
Sg. 209 b 29
.
bátar Ulaid oc
ól i taig F....bái dā ben ind F. oc airiuc don tṡluag,
IT i 67.
l. 3
.
atá...atá dā,
RC xiii 458 § 56
.
ar atát foruis...atá dō
forus,
Laws ii 128. 19
.
dáig atát na .uii. Mani...┐ atúsa
com thegluch no,
TBC-LL¹ 437
.
atá limsa for M. buaid cluaisse.
ata limsa dā for M. A. buaid rodeirc,
BDD § 48
.
(c) other verbs:
ut Paulus ait...ocus asbeir daniu ind
apostol,
Cambr. 37d
.
rohucad airechas inna Rómæ co
Constantinopoil. rucad dā a ainmm,
Sg. 174 a 1
. Cf.
ib.
73 a 12
(in hilur dā = is in h.d).
rodelb iartin dluma in
talman...rodelb dō na hocht ngaetha...rodelb dona datha
na ngaeth,
Laws i 26. 27
,
30
;
28. 5
. dorimchell (v.l.
rothairmcheall) rígusciu Hérend ria matain...toróchell (v.l.
dorarmchell) dā prímlocha Hérend r.m. before morning he
had also travelled to the chief lakes of Erin
BDD § 155
;
ib. § 95
.
tarlaic...dosléicimse dā,
IT i 101. 16
. sadais ind
snáthaid fo thrí inda dernaind co toltnadar na trí srotha
folæ asind láim...saididsiom dā ind snáthat...co tultatar dā,
&c.
, he thrusts again the needle into her hand
Mon. Tall. 149. 26
.
dorad M. ocht fichtiu bo don Choimdhigh. dorat dā baile
ic Drochat Átha,
AU ii 130. 8
; cf. also
130. 6
.
asbert...
asbert dā,
RC xi 450. 130
.
dogníth side na harma...dogníth
dō L. soer na crondo...dugníth dno C. cerd na semonn,
RC xii
92. 1 f.b.
,
94. 4
.
ícais an gilde den indel cétnæ...ícais d
an gille d.i.c.,
ib. 68. 7
.
focres forrai dno dus &c....focres
forra d dus...,
ib. 72 § 44
.
dorochratar a trí comlín leo ┐
torchratar no muinter F.,
LL 91 a 54
.
issed atberat som
...asberat dā,
ib. 125 b
=
Ériu v 212. 2
.
is amlaid tánic
som...is amlaid tánic in Mane Andoe no,
TBC-LL¹ 2826
.
atbert
cend cach ḟir díb bara lííc ┐ atbert cend Ferchon Longsig
no bar lííc,
ib. 2914
.
táncatar rempo...et tánic no Fiacho,
ib. 2948
.
rachúaid dóib...dachuaid dóib no, &c.
,
ib. 3239
.
Cf. also
ib. 4299
-
4322
;
2911
.
atraacht C....atraacht trian
slóig Ulad laisium no,
CRR § 34 1. 2
;
ib. § 9
(rogniad...
daronait dā). adorcradar som ┐ torcramar dō and we too are
fallen
Acall. 3174
. Cf.
ib. 3399
(dō).
roíarfacht didiu di
araile cidh dorala dó...roḟiarfacht dā dḟir aile in cétna,
Cóir Anm. p. 320. 6
f.b.
genfidh ón ḟir sin ┐ ót ingin siu rígradh
na hEtaile ┐ genfidh dō uaidib airdrigh na huili domun,
Aen.
1519
.
dochoncadar arna rindad fuath na Trai. rorindad
and dō dealb in chatha...┐ rorindad ind dō amal rochathaig
P.,
ib. 312
; further exx.
256
.
326
.
477
.
568
.
1780
.
gaeth
mór...rothrasccair railghi. rothrasccair doná sé fichit
crann i nDoire C. C.,
AFM iii 38. 10
.
AU ii 192. 8
(dō).
C In principal clauses introducing a new predicate with
or without `ocus.'
(a) the sentence introduces an additional action or
condition of the subject of the preceding clause, the subjects
being the same:
robtar erdarcu de dind ulc doratad forro
leusom ┐ roptar inducbaidiu de dā apud Deum,
Ml. 47 a 17
.
dobir cros dit sailiu for óchtar do chinn ┐ dogní a tóirand
sa dā .U. fort chiunn,
Thes. ii 249. 4
.
rochúm [Día]
in firmaimint imacuairt uime (sc. in talam)...rodelb dō iartin
dluma in talman,
Laws i 26. 25
.
in mét dona fuil ó
thalmain coruice suide (sc. in firmamint) issed dono fuil ó
thalmain sís co fudomain ifirn,
ib. i 28. 18
.
rofiarfaig
iarum don corrguinech dús cia cumang gonanacair...
imcomaircidh dno den deogbori...,
RC xii 82. 1
.
Amenicán
imráidim ┐ dno cóin innláidim,
ACL iii 2. 3
.
(b) dā introducing a new subject and a new verb. The
sense of dā becomes more emphatic, the statement being
strongly marked as additional to what has been said before:
further, besides, moreover
. cum manu sapere plena fuerit
.i. no rapere fit in aliis libris ┐ is manus dā bís indib,
Ml.
36 b 2
.
inna aithissi dombeirtis som fornni batir athissi
dā daitsiu a Dæ,
ib. 90 d 17
;
ib. 40 a 15
.
dagnítis dā int
Ṡabindai aní sin,
Sg. 28 a 10
. sed etiam in accentibus, gl.
biid dā comaitecht ceneuil do chenéul i naiccendaib,
ib. 75
a 7
. is and ba hadaig for feraib Uloth. feraid snechtae
már foroib dā (dno LU)
CCC § 2
,
ib. § 31. 4
.
ní déntar ceth
crosfigill...etar dí nodlaic. mathid som (i.e. Maelruain) dā
and salmu aurnaigthe do chetal,
Mon. Tall. 138. 26
.
canir dā
biad fri aitherruch aidchi lúoin. cantir dā salm aurnaigthi
aidchi ndomnaich...fogní dā ailli mési laissom (i.e. Maelrúain)
aidchi lúoin,
ib. 131. 6
-
9
. is ferr laisiom dā he thinks it
better, moreover
ib. 161. 29
.
is ferr dā lais,
ib. 147. 27
;
similarly:
is aurchail lais dā,
164. 14
. ni haurch. d.l.
143. 18
;
161. 26
; cf. also the common phrases
issed dā
is chóir (is maith, is dóig) la (or issed i. c. lais dā),
ib. 134.
11
,
16
;
148. 8
;
161. 21
. Other exx.
136. 13
;
143. 2
,
3
;
161. 13
.—
fochairt iarom for tech nand ... imarnic dō fri
oclaig naile,
RC xi 4461. 50
.
birt roth leis ond óclaich...
dobert dono uball dó,
ib. 4461. 55
. ar ba fáith si dā she
was also a prophetess
ib. 4481. 81
.
inor aodhar imbe ised
dē uchtlebar,
ib. xii 86 § 93
; cf.
72. 19
.
ronaisceatar
fomoraig a cíos for Érinn...dobretha d na trénfiræ a
foghnam dou,
ib. 64. 1
. ┐ atrubairt dā in fer cétna riss and
moreover the same man said
BDD p. 152
.
dorónsat
baindea muiridhi dia longaib ┐ roiadh dō mórṡluagh na R.
do leith tíri,
Aen. 2348
. dorala dō olc ele and moreover,
another evil happened,
ib. 484
.
loisccthear Slicceach leo.
romarbad dana mac Corbmaic,
AFM iii 362. 9
.
tucsat
ár for gallaibh...domilltea dō Laigin leo,
AU ii 164. 7
;
130. 8
.
D Often in the sense of `too' (`also') immediately after
nouns and pronouns (or emphasising particles): domini,
quod iustum est seruis praestáte...et uos dominum habetis
in caelo .i. abi moga si dā atá for coimdiu i nnim ye, too,
are servants
Wb. 27 c 17
.
cid sisi dā ronfitid ni,
15 c 28
.
si totum corpus oculus, ubi auditus, gl. bid corp són dā
that, too, will be body,
12 a 27
, cf.
són dā,
18 d 2
,
25 c 11
.
duber som ainm fíno dun pláig duber[r] for nech (
77 d 3
)...
duber ainm fína dusuidiu dā he gives the name of wine to
that too
Ml. 77 d 4
. uetustissimi...`plerus plera plerum'
(solebant proferre), gl. robói són dā leo this, too, they had
Sg. 75 b 4
. ruc som fuil ṁbic uaimse no from me, too
TBC-LL¹
4305
,
4318
(nó). corocherddainse no mo búraig ferge that
I too may
LL 176 b 26
(
CRR § 41. 4
).
dober comermitin
féid fris fessin ┐ fri deacht maic dā do dóinacht mac,
Ml.
127 d 10
-
11
. cum Clemente
.i. dalte Petir. rachomalnastar
sede dā he, too, had fulfilled it
Wb. 24 a 37
.
Conchobar
dā (v.l. dō) hissuidiu inna charput...eirrid Uloth olchenae
inna carptib...Bricriu dā (v.l. dō) leo,
CCC § 1
.
birt macc.
laír dā (v.l. dō) bói i ndorus in tige trogais dá lurchuire,
ib. § 3
. in pendit...a dénam doa macc accus a sétig dā
do pennait that his wife also should do penance
Mon. Tall.
163. 18
.
Diarmait dā lais,
ib. 153. 17
. atá i rriagailib
ailibh dā cosmailius fitta in other rules also,
156. 17
;
138. 36
;
151. 6
. gid iat Greic nomtairsidh romuirfidis
me. Troianaig dō ad buidin bidbudh dam the Trojans,
too, are a multitude hostile to me
Aen. 458
. —In phrases
like the following:
isin chath sin dno robenad a láṁ
de Nuadaid,
RC xii 58 § 11
, the particle goes with the
preceding noun (pronoun) and may be rendered by same.
bói cath for Scathaig isind aimsir sin dō fri tuathu eile
at that time also, at that same time
ib. xi 448. 4 f.b.
is inntisin dō táinic hEoan in that same year
AU ii 192.
10
.
sluaghadh la M...┐ is foran sluaghadh sin dā
romarbadh hua hInneirghi,
ib. 128. 9
.
isin bliadain sin
dō táinic mórgaith adhbuil,
ib. 192. 5
. is annsin dā
tánccatar dá prímmucaid Eterxel fón doiri at the same time
BDD p. 151. 7
. —Compare also
Wb. 6 b 25
: omnes enim
stabimus ante tribunal Dei, gl. aratá brithem and cenutsu
.i. deus. ishé side dā as éola and, where dā seems to
emphasise the reference to Deus.
E Often in enumerations without a verb; espec. in the
Laws and in the Annals (to introduce a new entry).
cethruimi fair ar sellcecht...cethruime dona...cethruimi
dono,
Laws i 242. 12
.
lethchumul dno ó fethemuin...
lethchumul dno ó bidbuid...cumul dno...┐ cumul dno...,
ib. i 220. 8
-
16
.
impudh Uladh dā for Ua L....crech dō leo
for Uib Bresail,
AU ii 146. 17
.
crech la Nial...crech eile
dō,
ib. i 582. 13
.
maidm for Connachta ria feraibh Breifne.
maidm dana re Connachta for f. B.,
ib. i 520. 14
.
sloghadh
la M...sloghad dā la D.,
ii 82. 4
;
88. 18
;
128. 12
;
186.
21
.
ithé mo thrí indroscc. giallnai do Scathaig...muinterus
dā frimsa dadaich, &c.
,
RC xi 450 l. 127
.
FB § 28
. Cf. the
12 times repeated `cia cléirech dā'
BColm. 102. 15
-
103. 11
.
F ní (ná, nách)...dano nor...either, like Germ. `auch
nicht.' ní lour in bendachad...ní lour dano in nebmaldachad auch geniigt nicht nicht zu fluchen
Wb. 5 d 23
.
ar
ní cumuing side dā imfogbaidetid ná lánamnas manip tol
apud mulierem,
9 d 18
. nihil enim intulimus in hunc
mundum, haud dubium quod nec auferre quid possimus
.i.
ní béram ass dā,
29 b 15
. et uos, domini, eadem facite
illís
.i. nachiberpid si dā ibar cumachtu,
22 d 6
; cf.
3 a 14
,
9 d 5
.
amal nad frescat bás inna cethrai ní bí dā cida
fresciso in báis etir lasna dóini so,
Ml. 69 b 3
. ní díltai dā
(sc. Priscianus) in cétbuid nísin leugnet auch nicht
Sg.
201 b 10
. Compare
RC xii 68 § 36
.
Mon. Tall. 129. 22
;
131. 22
;
143. 15
;
145. 19
;
160. 4
.
G nó dano, nó dono, nó dno (
BB 323 b 7
.
Laws i
112. 1
), nó no (
BB 35 b 7
) = emphasised nó, often interchanging with simple `nó.'
or, or else
. Synon.
nó didiu,
Fél. 2. 13
.
PH 7082
. nach dú immurgu inimfogni
fri foxlid nó fritobarthid dā wherever it is construed with
the ablative or dative
Ml. 27 c 10
.
nó dō (v.l. nó itá i.e.
ita),
ACL iii 293. 16
. Very common in the Laws to
introduce a new and different opinion.
dogabar eneclann
do neoch a dualgus a dhána...┐ nocha faghbar a dualgus
a chinn...nó dō go fathar eneclann dó a dualgus a dhána
┐ in chinn aga nderna uirrned,
Laws i 62. 2
f.b.
senchus
dō a `sen' fil ann is ónní as senex atá...nó dō a `sen'
fil ann is ónní is sensus,
ib. 34. 28
;
ib. 36. 2
;
40. 7
;
68. 5
f.b.
;
96. 17
:
106. 35
;
108. 5
;
112. 1
;
128. 17
;
130. 7
f.b.
;
188. 7
;
228. 9
;
250. 4
(no dō cena);
274. 1
;
296. 1
;
ii 22. 18
;
iv 8. 10
;
12. 20
;
256. 8 f.b.
—
Aedh Uaridnach
.i. uara idna tigdís dó...nó A. Fúaridhnach...nó dā uara
tigdís dó,
Cóir Anm. § 121
;
ib. § 142 et pass.
PH 5719. 5720
.
5654
(dō).
H ocus dano and moreover:
rupu
accubur leu etergne mu chumachti ┐ rusmbói dā,
Wb. 33 a
11
.
ocus dō fon cóir cétna cidh adultrus dogneth,
Laws
i 56. 8
f.b.
┐ dano or si,
LU 9052
. aile dano:
ainm naild dō din tibroid sin
Loch Luibe,
RC xii 96 § 126
.
Imroll aile B. E. ainm aile
do no,
TBC-LL¹ 2835
.
I amlaid dano
thus, thus also
:
is samlid dā,
Wb. 12
c 46
.
pronomen hi foirciunn indib. robu samlid dā robói
`modi huius
' hi tosuch,
Sg. 203 b 5
.
is amlaid dō
doroimsi in ferta,
ACL iii 30 § 83
. sic
dō,
Laws i 114. 28
;
ii 244. 14
.
J dā in secondary clauses:
is torbach du popul flaith
firian leu .i. amal as ṁmaith dund flaith fessin dā,
Ml. 90
b 11
.
adcondairc...nombíth forcleith leo dā for tabairt a
coibsen,
Mon. Tall. 135. 19
.
curo ícuit in cin dō,
Laws i 60. 11
,
&c.
madeadh asbersa...madead asber dono
,
ib. i 8. 1
.
II
Therefore, then, accordingly, itaque, et ita, igitur
—
both in principal and secondary clauses, drawing a conclusion
from what has been said before. By the Irish
themselves translated by ergo, igitur, ita (locus ergo, locus
igitur, sic igitur, no ita (
ACL iii 293. 16
) = loc dā, amlaid
dā, nó dā). Common in the Glosses, esp. with imperative
and in prohibitions, but rare in all Mid.-Ir. MSS.—
(a) si
autem spiritu facta carnis mortificaueritis uiuetis, gl. ní bo
líach dā a marbad killing them therefore were not regrettable
Wb. 4 a 12
. is irlam ind anim do thuil Dée. todiusgadar
dana ind anim do dénum maith let the soul, then, be roused
to do good
ib. 5 c 18
. similiter et uir sui corporis non
habet potestatem sed mulier
, gl.
nách móided dā in fer
infechtso hi cumachtu,
9 d 18
. do óis anfoirbthiu tra
asrobrad insin. ná bad anfoirbthi si dā arnáp, &c., be ye
not imperfect, then, lest,
12 d 26
.
ní derlaichta a pecdæ
doib acht duratad dígal forru. cenotad maic si raith dā
ma imroimsid ní dílgibther duib,
33 b 8
. Further exx.
from
Wb.: 9 b 10
.
11 b 4
.
13 a 4
.
15 a 5
.
19 d 21
.
28 b 17
.
—interrogemus igitur:
imchomarcam dā,
Ml. 18 a 1
.—
vetustissimi tamen et `altera utra' et alterum utrum'
solebant proferre, gl. daeltais dā foa dá nóg inna genitin
they used to decline it then according to its two integrals in
its genitive
Sg. 75 b 3
. Setum pro Zethum, gl. biid dā
sethvs pro z. Sethus then is for Z.
ib. 184 a 1
. derbaid
cenél dā i suidib aní remitatét what precedes them, then,
certifies the gender in them,
197 b 5
. Cf. further
38 b 8
.—
ní diṅgne su mo lessa afechtsa. is ferr let in fer ucut
toenur. biat marb so dā (v.l. dna) limsa,
RC xiii 377. 8
.
(b) in a weakened sense utpote, nempe, nimirum; videlicet; namely, to wit, that is to say, introducing an explanation or conclusion, like German `nämlich.'
non enim per
legem promisio facta est Abrachae aut semeni eius ut heres
esset mundi sed per iustitiam fidei, gl. .i. dorairngred dā
rombad oirdnide a chland ut `in semine tuo rl.' (
Gen.
xxii 18
) it had been foretold, then, that his children would
be distinguished
Wb. 2 c 12
. ut et ipsi misericordiam
consequantur, gl. bid misericordia dano dodaessarsom nípa
meritum intan creitfite it will be misericordia then that will
save them when they shall believe: it will not be m.
ib.
5 c 12
. Dei aedificatio estis secundum gratiam Dei quae
data est mihi, gl.
Pelagius: non secundum meam uirtutem
.i. is per gratiam cotofutaincsi dā it is p. g. that he upbuilds
you then,
8 c 16
. Dei et adorent eum omnes angili
.i. it les
dano indaingil,
32 c 2
. dico...quod idolum sit aliquid?
.i. ní ní dā in tídol the idol, then, is not anything,
11 b 11
.
Further instances:
10 b 19
.
12 d 12
.
12 d 21
(in secondary
clause: arna tomontis dā).
13 a 30
.
16 d 3
(?).
25 a 29
.
27 c 34
.
29 a 28
.
29 d 1
.
Here also
Laws i 74. 9
f.b.
: in uime rocuiris tech
andso ara tabhairt uait fecht naill? in uainn tucadh dō
ar sé was it from us, then, it was taken? and
Death-tales of the Ulster heroes
26. 3
: ticed Celtchar da tír ar Ulaid. ticed dā ar Conchobar let him come then.
III Very common in progressive description or narrative,
indicating temporal and logical sequence:
then, accordingly,
so, upon which, thereupon, now
. This usage arose from I,
the original sense `
further, again
' being still perceptible.
(a) type: perge ad Columbam. dochóid ón dā `go
to Columba' (said Satan). So he went
Mon. Tall. 154. 17
.
ercc
co Comgald co ruccæ breith fort. dochóid som ón dā,
ib. 154. 9
. fó duit cia nocotailtea. lasodain dona luig
Fergus ina charpat ┐ contuil `it would be well for you to
take a sleep.' So Fergus went into his chariot and slept,
Laws i 72. 22
.
telcar (sic leg.) issin tech hí. tánicc si dā
issin tech,
BDD p. 155. 9
.
rotficbam co port i mbia
innocht...dotaet dā reompa (v.l. téit iarom),
ib. § 40
Eg.
raráidsetar fir Hērend ri Tamun étgud Ailella do gabáil
immi...ragabastarsom no étgud nAilella immi,
TBC-LL¹ 2839
(
LL 79 b 30
).
raráidset...ri Mac Roth techta go Slíab
Ḟúait...táinic Mac Roth reme no go S.F.,
ib. 4241
. asmbert
Domnall nadmbai fóisitiu forcoitil Conculaind conrissed
Scathaig bói fri hAlpai anair. nalotar dā...tar Alpai
RC xi 444 l. 34
.
asbert fris búi glend már ara chind.
oentsét coel tairis...luid dō in sét sin nísin,
ib. 446 l. 60
.
Cf. also:
rofaoidh días do thaisccéladh forna slóghaibh...
dochódar sidhe dni (sic) go mbattar i ttréchumaiscc na
slógh,
AFM v 1552. 1
f.b.
(b) indicating progression in general.
dothaet Conaire
do saigid a harm...┐ gabaid glés nimberta a arm forsna
díberga...tofuitet dā sé chét lais,
BDD § 143
. bátar trí ríg
...oca urnaide seom...conacces som dō rout forsa mbátar
then he was seen
ib. § 14
.
dolluid (sc. Derbforgaill) anair
irricht dá géise ┐ a hinailt co mbátar for Loch Cuan.
amail robói dā Cuchulainn ┐ Lugaid laa and conaccatar na
heonu,
Ériu v 208. 3
.
dosrat a sním mór slóig na nG.
umman ní sin ┐ rotimairgit dā maithi na nG. cusan rí
imon caingin sin,
ib. 146. 6
. dorragab som iarum ind
praind iterum. robói si dā for suidiu co cend mbliadna
Mon. Tall. 149. 24
,
29
. rucad iarum do muliund Ratha Cathair
fa dí ┐ foremthes a bleith and...dochuaid dā timthirid
Brigdi in tres fecht then B.'s servant went a third time
Thes. ii 335. 33
. scaraid dā Bricriu friu iar sodain
FB § 11
.
ó dochóid tar Alpi ba brónach do díth a choiceli
anais dana desuidiu ó roairigestar,
RC xi 444. 1
f.b.
ib. 444.
1
.
TBC-LL¹ 2298
. dochótar immurro uile iarsin co Telaig
hUa nD. co ndernsatar ossad mbliadna ┐ fir Muman.
dodeochaid dō Domnall ar fut Connacht dia thig whereupon D. went home
AU ii 90.23
.
táinic Murchad cu
nUlltaib cucu ┐ tucsat taelcad doib. romebaid dō for
Gallaib,
AU i 192. 15
;
138. 18
,
19
.
(c) introducing a new event or indicating transition to
an entirely new subject: now, now as to, as for
. as ar
chenél cruche adrímther in coicsath. filus trechenélae
martre daneu adrímiter ar chruich now there are, &c.,
Cambr. 38a
.
ib. 38b
. ba cara do Patraic hé (sc. Dubthach)
...luid dā Patraic fecht co tech in Dubthaig sin now P.
once went to that D.'s house
Thes. ii 307. 9
. nó is
Brenainn dorigne in nimmun sa...locus ergo mare tempus
uero Diarmata. tánic dā B. co Brigit now B. came to
Brigit
ib. 324. 21
.
ib. 324. 1
. intan dā robói Macc Cecht
fora áltaib isind ármaig conaccai in mnái sechae now when
M. C. was lying wounded on the battlefield
BDD § 162
(the
preceding four paragraphs do not deal with M. C.).
ib.
§ 163
,
§165
.
RC xii 108. 1
. cid Tuath Dei Dononn d
derochratar go már isin chath now as for the T. D. D. they
lost many men in the battle
ib. 58 § 12
;
ib. 66 § 3
;
74 § 53
;
108. 1
;
82. 1 f.b.
;
92 § 123
;
72 § 44
;
100. 1
;
104 § 149
;
102. 11
. isé dō cétní rotheip Dia asin maisi .i. in talam
now the first thing which God separated from the mass was
the earth
Laws i 26. 22
(at the head of a new paragraph).
dia té dō bidbuid i ndeaguid a athgabála tar crích now if
the defendant, &c.,
ib. i 220. 19
.
ib. 18. 11
;
28. 23
. In the
following exx. from the MT dā stands at the beginning of
an entirely new passage: mad doairle sale dā ind láim oc
praind imberar usci leosom iarum now if spittle falls on a
man's hand,
142. 14
. intí dā arbir bith oss nallaid...non
manducat, &c.
, as to him that eats the flesh of a wild deer,
he must not eat (any other flesh until the Easter following),
146. 8
;
ib. 128. 1
,
7
;
156. 23
;
160. 15
;
162. 8
. Very
common is the following type: teclaim ubald dā dia
domnaich...ní fogni leusom now as to gathering of apples
on a Sunday, it is not allowed amongst them
ib. 145. 17
.
gille dā nó timtirid ní hécen aithrigi di suidiu as for a
servant,
142. 1
. aos tróg dā nád ebat amail cách now as
to invalids,
147. 19
; so also
153. 3
;
161. 1
;
162. 1
.
Mane Mathramail dā .iv. fichit déc fo churp a ndíbergae
as for M. M.
BDD § 42
. filedha dana robátar isin indsi
si...nicon bíth lóg enech la cach fer díb noberedh gubreth
now as to the poets, not a man of them had honourprice
who passed false judgment
Laws i 24. 28
.
in file dō
cunnuid forcruid duaisi...as a letheineclunn dígbus uime,
ib. 58. 17
; cf.
ib. 62. 11 f.b.
;
30. 14
;
22. 11
;
iv 50. 1
;
v 368. 9
.—Cf. also: araile ancarae robui hi Cluaoin maic
Naois...hé dā hi luibri galar now he was infirm with disease
Mon. Tall. 155. 5
.
slógad la Domnall i nUlltaib. Ulaid dō i
Craib telcha i llongport,
AU ii 62. 8
. Here also the
common phrase loc dā as to the place (of the hymn), it was:
loc dno Duma ṅGobla,
Thes. ii 308. 5
, by the Irish themselves rendered by `locus ergo (igitur),'
ib. 324. 20
.
IV In commentaries, glosses, or explanatory notes repeating the word or phrase which is to be commented on. Syn.
tra, didiu (
Cóir Anm. § 225
,
226
;
RC xi 442. 18
;
BColm. § 6
).
┐ Raith Guthaird a loc, comm.: Raith Guthaird dō is airi
atberur as to R. G. it is so called &c.,
Laws i 2. 8
.
senchus
dō a `sen' fil ann is ónní as senex atá...nó dō is óní is
sensus ciall,
ib. 34. 26
.
Colmán macc Daráne. Colmán
mac Daríne dō .i. siur máthar do Cholmán Dairíne,
Fél. p. 172. 31
.
Mo Senoc Mughna dā .i. M. darbile
mór, &c.
,
ib. 258. 15
.
Luighith dna .i. Hith robo lughu na
athair,
Miscell. Celt. Soc. 2. 1
.
Daire Fine dā .i. duar ḟine,
Cóir Anm. § 68
. Also in parenthetic remarks: Fiacc Sleibte
dorónai in nimun sa do Patraic. in Fiac sin dā mac
eside meic Ercha now that F. was son of Mac E.
Thes.
ii 307. 2
. Cf.
BDD p. 153. 16
.
RC xii 108 § 163
.
BB 318
b 34
.
V
However
,
(a) in concluding sentences after a preceding
concessive secondary clause. Syn. camaiph. cia fudama in
firián ní du imnedaib hisin biuth frecndairc sóirfithir dā in
céin naili dā (one dā is superfluous, but both positions are
allowed) he shall, however, be delivered the other time
Ml. 68 d 14
. ciasu du Duaid adfiadar isin titul immeairc
són dā Ezechiæ though it is to D. that it is ascribed in the
title, it is suitable, however, to E.
ib. 72 d 9
. With camaiph:
ciasidruburt frit tuas `alter utra'...robói camaiph la arsaidi
`altera utra,'
Sg. 75 b 2
.
(b)
however, but
; the addition introduced by dā is
opposed to what precedes: intan conucbad in nél nobíth
immun aírc migrabant filii Israhel hisuidiu. intan dā
nunanad in nél hísin nogaibtis som dúnad hisuidiu when,
however, that cloud used to rest
Ml. 83 a 4
. aimrit imorro
Dairíne clannmar dō Sanct a siur but her sister S. was
prolific
Fél. p. 172 § 31
. co fil in firmamint na
trénbrat gemnaide im talmain co trí nimib ┐ co trí nime
impi. in .vii.mad imorro rocertad i trí nimib. ní hé dō sin
sosad aingel this last, however, is not the habitation of the
angels
Laws i 30. 2
. benaid M. C. a chend dond ala fir
...robói dā infer aile oc élúd ass
the other man, however,
was fleeing forth,
BDD § 157
. issed as cóir...arnáchad-fercaigthersu (sc. frit gilla). manatfercaichther frit gilla dā
if, however, you are angry with your servant
Mon. Tall. 142. 9
.
mani chaithea dā feoil if, however, he does not eat flesh
ib. 146. 14
;
ib. 159. 38
. bói N. oga uothras ┐ dobreth láim
nargait foair lioa D.; nír uo maith d liaa mac sium this,
however, did not please his son
RC xii 66. 4
f.b.
táinic
hEoan cona ritirib co Machaire Conaille co ndernsat
airgthi ann. táinic dō Murchadh hua C. cucu but M. came
up with them
AU ii 192. 12
(v.l. táinic imurro); similarly
ib. 192. 17
. Same usage
AFM iii 40. 6
; táinic Iohn...do
orccain Dál A. tucc doná C. deabhaidh dosoṁ but C. gave
battle to him;
34. 3
(doná);
34. 14
(doná);
110. 3 f.b.
(dna);
118. 1
(dna).
VI In a weakened sense with interrogatives. ut quid
autem...pro impis mortus est, gl.
ar cia dono,
Wb. 2 d 10
.
aut in nomine Pauli babtizati estis? gl.
cepu dono adrad
dæ do thabirt do Pool in chruth sin,
ib. 7 d 16
. omnia
enim uestra sunt, gl.
ce dono rigne occo. it lib huili,
ib.
8 d 15
.
cid dā dotbératsu chucci,
ScM. § 16
. ní fritsa oI
sí rodálusa itir. cid tu dana icim dáil why then
TE § 13
Eg.
ut est `ar is fo gnímaib midither Dia for duine' cid dono
arnáb fo gnímaib no mesemnaighther duine for araile for
innus sin,
Laws i 48. 24
, cf.
ib. 54. 3 f.b.
—After concessive
cia, cid (like Ger. `auch' in `wer auch komme, was auch
erfolge'):
cia focherta dā a srúb ar gesce folilsad,
BDD
§ 38
.
cipé no ná tic ticfasu fessin,
TBC-LL¹ 200
.
acht ciat-beram ni andso no tæit nech dḟarcsin maigi Mide,
ib. 5018
.
gid ed dō but nevertheless
Aen. 413
.
VII Various usages.
(a)
rofetarsa is foirbthe do hires
so. ba toich deit dā ar ba foirbthe hires do máthar,
Wb.
29 d 3
.
ní fil amain tra Bresi ol sé. ba fír ón dno ní bói
acht meth foairi sim ond uair sin,
RC xii 70. 14
.
(b)
even
?
tamquam famulus, gl. rubu fer som muintire maith dā dul
humal he had been a man of the household. Good is even
(also) a humble position,
Wb. 33 a 5
.
(c)
aṅgo dā is
deithbir daitsiu a Ingceoil,
BDD § 80
;
ib. § 90
(twice),
§ 102 h
;
angó dā,
§ 105
.
(d)
intan imorro rofuidi Feinius
a dá deiscipul sechtmoget do foglum na nilbérla fon doman
Cae dna isé rosiacht co Eigipt,
Laws i 20. 7
. I have no
further examples of this usage.