vn. of aidbligid. act of enlarging, increasing: prúll .i. a.¤ mōr ┐ mētugad, Corm. Y 1059 . cenmotat echtaircenela . . . tuccsat d'aidbliughadh a ttionoil `whom they brought to swell their muster', Leb. Gab.(i) 78.12 . tempul Arda Carna [d'aidhbliughadh] la Clarus, Ann. Conn. 1243.11 . ní do chaithrém Tuathail acht da aidhbhliughadh Fher mBolg atu ag cur na ccath-so síos to increase the fame of, Geneal. Tracts 62.14 . Cheville: aidbligthi (sic MS.) in scél a matter for boasting, SR 3051 .

Gramm. act of intensifying: aidbligod and hi comsuidigud, Sg. 216a3 . sens aidbligthe thechtas, 221b3 . di-cechlacēin is diultad, alaill is a.¤ , Corm. Y 418 . interiacht adbligthe hyperbolical (?) interjection, 118 (an interjection of aggrandisement Celtica xxv 93 ).

adj (see CMCS xix 31 n. 27 ): gillae ecuisc anindustae (amal dastai (Bodl.); anindustai (Harl.), v.l.) ill-conditioned (indas)(?), Corm. Y 1059 ( Anecd. iv 91.9 ). Cf. aninnestaigh .i. drochédaigh, no drochécosc, ut est prull: do gluais gilla aninnestaigh leó, Ériu xiii 62 § 13 .

vn. of berbaid. Also beirbiud.

(a) act of boiling, cooking: doberid íasc . . . ┐ caithit can berbhadh é, RC xxiv 380.9 , cf. Ériu ii 130 § 99. ar an usci dageib moran da ber[b]ud `water that receives much boiling', Ir. Astr. Tr. 42.17 . bearbhadh a mbí inntibh d'íasg `as much water as would cook its fish', Bard. Synt. Tr. 9. 197.15 .

(b) act of smelting: mar sigemnaig builg oc b.¤ míanaig, Thr. Ir. Gl. 36.30 (s.v. prúll ). ag a bhearbhadh (of gold), Keat. ii 1913. Fig.: ní dú bearbha (: ealbha) dom bhinn `it is not meet that my fame be scorched', Ó Bruad. ii 138.19 .

See beirbiugad s. beirbigid.

v also bongaid, buingid. See Vendryes, Études Celt. v 240. With non-radical -n-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 339 , 477 , GOI § 550. For long ō of subj. stem (bōss-) postulated by Thurn. Hdb. § 616 note ex. bóus cited infra. For future see § 657 , 666 , 667 . buing, boing, IGT Verbs § 76. Pret. 3 s. buich included here may acc. to Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 477 belong to another stem buig: see also GOI § 694 (c), Thurn. KZ xlviii 65 - 66 and Celtic Verb 117 n. For pass. pret. -bocht see GOI § 707. The stem boing- becomes obsolete in mod. Ir., but its vocalism seems to have influenced boin-, bain-, late forms of benaid.

Pres. indic. 1 s. -buṅg, Corm. Bodl. 34.26 . Pass. s. rel. bongar, Mon. Tall. 132.19 . Pres. subj. 3 s. rel. bóus (B. na f.), ZCP v 486 § 6. Fut. 1 s. bibhsa, O'Cl. ? 3 s. biba, Trip. 88.1 . 3 pl. bibhsiutt, RC xii 106 § 155. Pret. 3 s. -bobig, RC xi 446.y . buich, LU 352 (ACC) (arch. by-form, GOI § 694 ). ? -baig , Celtica xxi 119 § 6 . 3 pl. baichsead, O'Cl. ? fut. as pret. bibsat, LU 6194. Pret. pass. -bocht, Thes. ii 334.3 (Hy.v). part. bochta, RC v 201 § 20 . See also 1 bocht, -bochtae. Vn. búain, boing.

(a) breaks, smites, strikes: (rhet.) fortut brágit bibsatar, LU 10361 = beufsatar (bebsatar (St.), n. 16), ZCP iii 255.y . boingidh méin in uma `they (i.e. `in lucht') break up the copper-ore', Hermathena xxi 4.z. craitsiusa conbobig a mmer ( co mbobig, Contribb. 239 `so that he broke her finger'), RC xi 446.y . Cormac cain buich (.i. ro bris) neoit (.i. gainne), LU 352 (`destroyed niggardliness, Stokes RC xx 44.18 ). ro ches gair co mbuich (.i. . . . co ro brissistar cath for Demun ┐ domun) `until he routed', ACC 39. Cf. bach .i. brisedh, O'Curry 972 (H. 3.18, 416). ruthid hedh baeth foa mbi / do fuit co mbuich a chnami, ACC 39 Comm. buich, bugh .i. briseadh, O'Cl. bibsat ind fir na bú tairis `drove the cattle across' (Faraday), LU 6194 ( TBC-I¹ 1711 ). comboing in cethri darsna slúagu sair, 6207 . luighiu mac int soihfesai | ron buich tres bēim uí Rossa 'the oath of the children of poesy, one of the three blows of the grandson of Ros ... has broken it', Ériu lix 126 § 8​ .

(b) cuts, reaps; plucks, gathers; ceso femmuin mbolgaig mbuṅg (: sund), Corm. Bodl. 34.26 (s.v. prull ) bung, mung, bug, mbuing, v.ll., Wind. Festschr. 17.47 , 12.44 . lathe búana dí madbocht (.i. maith ro boiṅged), Thes. ii 334.3 , 27 (Hy. v). ? nescietur cóich biba coich beba who shall cut down, who shall die, i.e. who shall reap and be reaped (by death), Trip. 88.1 . Cf. beg bríga bebsat bibath (bi bath, text) midlách, MR 170.8 . bert bond bochta blaith, RC v 201 § 20 (bochta[i] bláith `flowers were reaped', Ériu xxii 42 § 5 ). methel ón ní is meato (sic, Lat. meto) .i. boingim, O'D. 520 (H. 3.17, 422). bibhsiutt buain cech raithi `they shall reap a harvest', RC xii 106 § 155. luss bongar ind domnuch . . . nó cnoi bongar dia domnaich `that is cut . . . that are plucked . . .', Mon. Tall. 132.19 , 21 . biorar bhuingim-si, BS 94.13 . ma ro boinged `if (the fern) has been cut' (Gloss.), Laws i 172.13 Comm. ní bia . . . .i. ar na boinge fid a feraind, iv 124.18 Comm. ro boingeadh damna in cleib no na cleithi `were cut', v 474.24 Comm. lus cech galair . . . / boinghcter uile a n-ocht kalaind, Ériu ix 66.12 . a cnúas ni buing dalta dhó `no fosterling . . . breaks off', KMMisc. 174 § 31. (? B. na f.) ní bhoingfedh (.i. fásfadh, 379.15) cairche as anad `he would not harvest', ZCP iii 378.5 .

(c) exacts, levies: bongur eiric dít isin agra nindlighthech, O'D. 546 (H. 3.17, 435). B. na f. tor (.i. triath) bóus (.i. toibhgis), ZCP v 486 § 6. Note also: ughdar bleacht na mbeart (mbreath v.l.) gan bhréag do bhuing `of . . . judgments framed without mendacity', Ó Bruad. ii 200.z .

(d) With prepp. ní bhuingeadh gaoth cairche a hindlibh ó mheadhon foghmair go meadhon Earraigh `did not take a hair off the cattle', AFM i 90.7 . do bhoing sé a hanumhla inn, IGT Decl. ex. 320. sé líne do bean a broid, ex. 297 . mór do bhoing dím gu drásda / grásda rígh an chroinn chésda, IGT Decl. ex. 38. nar bhuing d'fhiliodhoibh urroim `who have not refused respect to poets', O'Hara 1308. do bhuing do Thadhg ar thagair `he refuted his (T.'s) contention', Content. xx 10 . re síth Duirn buide buinges `lying close up against the side of D. B.', SG 179.12 . Tuatha De . . . / for Thuaith mBolg baichset righi (glossed: do bensat T.D.D . . . righi Erenn do Feraibh Bolcc íar mbrisedh orra), Leb. Gab.(i) 158.2 . ? slad croinn na deachmhaidhe dhí / do bhoing mear-chraidhe ar gach mnaoi, Dán Dé xxvii 23 . níor bhoing sliocht an álaidh ort did not wipe away (?), 14 . do bhoing lubhghort an Ríogh ruinn `God's garden has become ours', 24 . is cumae fiach neich adchi ┐ na naidhbhridh, ┐ nad boing iarum fri nech chuilles soíre in domnaig who does not exact (a fine) against (?), O'D. 1938 ( Cod. Clarend. 15, 6c ). Part. precise (?), complete (cf. becht): triochadh bliadain mbochta (.i. iomlana), 23 E 26, 140.15 = bai triocha bliadhna mbochta (glossed: triocha bliadhna móra, nó móaightheacha (sic leg.), no iomlana, no on mbochta (`of poverty'), Leb. Gab.(i) 68.9 .

n o, m. Also bolc, balg. bolg, balg (in duine ┐ an ghabhann) m., IGT Decl. § 69 , § 39 n. 12 . (n p. builg proscr. form, ex. 2022). See Ériu xi 138.

(a) bag, satchel ; sack : amal bolc gl. ut uter, Ml. 132c7 . ? b.¤ a graeco plocé (πλοκή, ed.) .i. copulatio (woven ?) sack (?), Corm. Y 203. b.¤ .i. tiagh leathair, O'Cl. nói mbuilc co n-inchaib órdaib (for harps), BDD 119. nī uīth cuit don m[n]āi sin (sc. woman of the cumalach class) i mbulg nach a criol i.e. did no physical labour, Cáin Ad. 2. do choimet in builc arbha, Lism. L. 4162. boilg lóin ` provision-sacks ', RC xiii 66 § 67 , cf. AFM ii 968.3 . b.¤ meich, Ériu iv 26 § 13. ingen do-cuirthear do c[h]ill i mbulg (of an abandoned child), Ir. Recht 6 § 7. mac builg foundling , Laws iii 64.26 . See Ir. Recht 7 n.1 . cenn i mb.¤ a state of ignorance. Ériu ii 98 § 1. mar chertli i fásbulg i.e. jumping about, unsecured, TBC-LL¹ 4386. quiver : [a] haonuolc no a henuogha doteilcthea na saitheda soighed, TTebe 3770 . See saigetbolc.

pn In nicknames: obsessio Builg luatha `Sack of Ashes', RC xvii 179.13 (Tig.). Domhnall . . . uí Dhalaigh da ngoirthi b.¤ an dana (i.e. `the budget of poetry', n.), AFM iv 780.11 . See soláthar.

(b) belly, stomach : i mbulcc na péisti (= venter, Gloss.), Aisl. Tond. 99 vii § 3 . ba mediter scabol tige a bolc fair (of the Dagdae), RC xii 86 § 92. biaidh ríachtanas ar bh.¤ = the belly shall want, Proverbs xiii 25. a mbolag, Donlevy 166.21 . mac Í Bhriain ar a bh.¤ `trampling on him', Content. xxvii 19. secht mba . . . go linn-bolgaib lachtmara udders, ML² 35. middle, centre :? no briste in gae ar bulg `on the centre (?),' RC xiii 454 § 48 (cf. gae bolga ?). ar bh.¤ na bearnan (of a battle) in the centre of the breach (?), Hackett² xliii 134.

(c) (smith's) bellows : bolc gl. follis, Sg. 37a2 . bolc sithe, 67a2 . airnissi in gobann . . .eter bulgu ┐ urddu, Rawl. 138a20 . mar sigemnaig builg oc berbad míanaig, Thr. Ir. Gl. 36.30 (s.v. prúll ). amal b.¤ ngobenn, Ériu xvi 38 § 6 = Laws i 72.17 Comm. samalta re bolgaib sidi icc seited (of exertions of warriors), CCath. 5869. duine non-erba dia chruth / . . . / is cosmail lem . . . / fri borrfad nō side builg, ZCP vi 267 § 9. Of a kind of monster or plague: da ttangatar tedmanna mora i nErinn uile … .i. an ghríbh ingnech, ┐ an bhuidhe Connuill, ┐ in bolccsighi, ┐ in gerrghar, ┐ in broicseach Locha Broicsighi, , Misc. Hag. Hib. 36 § 49 , 93 .

Of musical instruments: beola crot ┐ b.¤ ┐ buinne bagpipes , RC xii 108 § 163. anuas bid a b.¤ di suidiu (`concave wooden part, the box or sounding-board' of a harp, Contribb. 237 ), Hib. Min. 1.22 .

adj o, ā (1 bolg). Also bolcach. cait[h]creasa . . . bolgacha . . . im taebu `swollen' (?), CCath. 5342. cosin mbrúchtaig mbolgaig .i. nūa corma `to the bubble-burster— new ale', MacCongl. 99.26 . d'ass buide bolcach `bubbling milk', 101.10 . do mhuir bhráonghlais bhalgaigh bháin ` billowy ', SGS iv 64 § 16. ceso femmuin mbolgaig mbuṅg `blistered sea-weed', Corm. Bodl. 34.26 (s.v. prull ).

pref. forming equative of adjj. See Meid, Beiträge 224 ff.

(a) With follg. FRI (later LA): comdhub fri h-éc a drech, Corm. 36 s. prúll = duibidir éc, Corm. Y 1059 (p. 91). fri athair fri Spirat naop / as oenta dho as comcaomh `he is their peer', Blathm. 197 . intí as chominmain lais fris féin whom he loves as himself, LU 2660 . is inad bad chomébind / ra les L., LL 6367 ( ZCP xxiv 142 § 54 ). corub comisel comorbo uasal fri hisel, O'D. 2231 (Nero A vii, 154 b). coimhédtrom riú, IGT Introd. 6.1 . gen co tainic oigh ris nar comglan Eoin `there never was virgin purer than John', BCC 430.23 . coimdhirech le múr, BNnÉ 65 § 97 . With ocus: ropo chomderg (dirggidir, v.l.) a haiged ┐ corcair líac L., Ériu iv 104.11 . ? ní comloma cnáimh ó choin / 's ó mhnáibh comhranna Í Ch., IGT Decl. ex. 1150 . Note also: ní frīth sinne uile commbuidech rīam cosirāir we have never been so grateful, BColm. 20.19 .

(b) Adj. as subst. with prec. poss.: ni raibi ríam a chomḟíal never was there so generous (a king), Metr. Dinds. iv 344.75 . nocon fhaca . . . a com-alaind, YBL 313b42 . a gcomhchuanna any as comely as they, DDána 114.19 . nat[h]air a comhgarg, RC xxi 396.31 . do comhog one as young as thou, ZCP vi 104.14 . a comhmór sin as many as that, BNnÉ 226 § 125 . Formations with nouns are given as separate entries.

(c) Often with partitive DI and/or follg. clause: a commaith do rígh, Stair Erc. 2240 . nír agair neach . . . a comuinnterdha . . . do aghair Eoin, Smaointe B. Chr. 3223 . do daingnigh si a comh-laidir sin annsa tribloid, co ndubairt si . . . , 3133 . lena chomhardso do sdaid bhethadh as go bhfoigheonmáois = with so high a vocation as to serue, RSClára 36b . ina chommōr so do mhéudughadh . . . ionnus . . . go mbethí infhedhma = in so great multitude . . . that . . . you shal be able, 143b . cofuilitt a comger sin co tollfadis mur doghendáis deilcgne, Maund. 14 . a comhsóghamail sin do betaigh, BCC 438.18 . Cf. an coímhghearr sin d'aímsir, CF Eg. 341 .

(d) With follg. noun in gen.: comhmaith an cheirt . . . , O'Hara 1209 . ni boi . . . comhmaith Conaill, MR 152.2 . comhmór na hÉireann do ríoghacht `so large a kingdom as Ireland', Keat. iii 86 . commór in áir . . . le combeg an tslúaigh, Expugn. Hib. 16 . comhonóraighe na hÉireann do chrích ┐ comhuaisle gach foirne d'ár áitigh í, Keat. i 76.39 .

(e) With follg. ocus and clause: as chombind la cach fer guth araile ┐ betís téta mendchrot men find each other's voices as musical as harpstrings, LU 7018 ( BDD 66 ). coimminic is chruinnighes an bhanab na sethracha as often as, RSClára 99b . bheith coimhimnígheach timcheall ghrás Dé ┐ bhíd etc., Donlevy 472.22 . comluath ┐ do glac sé é as soon as, BCC 104.11 . coimhmeinic is féidir leo `as often as they can' (with ellipse of ocus?), 478.18 . In Párl. na mB. in sequence: cómh maith ┐ do chuirios . . . is mar [sin] ēirghid, etc. just as . . . so, Párl. na mB. 749 Cf. 1255 , 1372 . With difft. conj.: gur gníomh ē cómh óirdhearc iondas . . . go madh chóra . . . , Párl. na mB. 61 .

(f) With ocus sin and follg. clause: deichneabhar . . . manach do-bheireadh a mbeatha comh cráibhtheach ┐ sin as go mbíodh aingeal ag labhairt lived such holy lives that . . . , Keat. ii 1891 . gur léigeadar an fhoghluim . . . a bhfaillīth comh mór ┐ sin, ionnas nách . . . , Párl. na mB. 2687 . nach beth aon aca comhdhána ┐ sin, as a laibhéorudh = that none be so bolde as to speake there, RSClára 101b . coimhchríonna ┐ sin, ionnus gomadh mó . . . , 84b .

(g) With follg. sin: na teccaidh comhgar sin . . . duinne so near, BNnÉ 218.3 . chomh-follus soin, TSh. 5453 . cómh láidir sin, Párl. na mB. 2084 . comhḟad sin, RSClára 73a . comh furas sin, Donlevy 418.26 . See 1 com-.

adj io-iā, datta, data, late MSS also dathta (daththa 23 N 15, 164. 13 , 18th century MS); rhymes with brecnata SR 3933 , dínerta, ib. 2831 , bratta, IT iii 68. 15 , curata, LL 394. 3 , saṁradhta, 23 N 15, 129. 8 , fata, MacCarthy 206. 5 ; LL 129 b 21 ; 157 a 9 . COMP. dattu, rhyming with maccu, LL 142 a 12 ; datta, Laws v 274. 21 .—dattae has the appearance of an adj. deriv. of 1 dath or of a past pc. of dathaid; but apparently the feeling of its connection with dath was early lost, as the marked divergence in meaning shows. For semantic development see Études Celt. xxxv 168 . Apart from the phrase `is dattae lim' (already Wb. 8 a 6 ), it mostly occurs in chevilles and stereotyped phrases, very often, as it seems, introduced to alliterate with a neighbouring noun in d-. It seems mainly a literary word, used by Mid.-Ir. writers in the vague sense of súairc and cáin, by which it is occasionally replaced even in comparatively old MSS (Rawl.).

I Orig. of a fine complexion; then fine, stately, beautiful; noble-, pleasant-looking: data .i. dathaṁail, O'Cl.

(a) of persons, both men and women: dosridnacht Dauid datta: i lámaib Ammonita, SR 6747 . Fithir is Dáríni datta: dí degingin Tuathail tall, LL 138 b 23 . is imda duine data: ┐ cuiri is ciallbrata, IT iii 68. 15 . MacCarthy 122. 12 , 21 . macaom gégach gormroscach:...data dédbán donnbratach, LL 396. 4 . ZCP viii 562. 16 . in toenóclach mórmenmach míleta...síthamail data díriuch, Cog. 170. 22 . ┐ trí chóicid in rand: rucsat fir datta Domnand, LL 127 a 31 . MacCarthy 148. 20 . lenabh...data, Ériu iv 116. 8 . dodíobhuidh don druing data: dfionḟuil an croinn curata, LL 394. 3 . a ṡlóg na nglond fata fír: co Ilín droṅg ṅdatta is deghríg, ib. 157 a 9 . na slúaigh daththa (sic), 23 N 15 p. 164. 13 . gérbo línmar lúthmar data deglámaigh in lucht marbta robai ina ndiadh siuṁ, CCath. 5762 (` nimble ,' Stokes; but there is no support for this meaning, cf. b).

(b) of a fine horse: doléigsiod graifne data donnluatha iona dhíaidh, CRR 74. 6 . From this and similar passages ( CCath. 5762 ) a meaning ` swift, nimble ' has been wrongly concluded; O'R. gives data .i. luath from `old voc. and glosses upon the laws.'

(c) of shape or figure in general: luchair cúiciur...: datta a ndelb dúr a ndebech (sic leg.) LL 34 a 28 (v.l. súairc a ndelb, Rawl. v. Ériu iv 100. 6 ).

(d) of a beautiful handle : dá drol datta derscaigthe dergóir, BB 242 a 24 (descr. of the Ark). of a place or homestead : Fir Domnand...gabsat Irrus datta Domnand, LL 127 a 31 . MacCarthy 148. 16 . fuinn míne na maigh (sic) ndathta, 23 N 15 p. 157. 9 (17th century). i naimsir datta Dúid, LL 144 a 4 (in verse). Cormac cethri deich datta (v.l. data): roḟeith in laech láṁḟata, MacCarthy 206. 5 . robo dhata a náireṁ uili: gach sáirḟer don chuiridh chaeṁ, BB 52 b 22 . Mulling...data nobith ar bith bras: is aca fríth an teolas, Anecd. ii 36 § 20 . — Laws iv 94. 17 as an etymol. gloss on lomdata: .i. gurub data hé (i.e. grán) ┐ hé lom.

II In chevilles (mostly in alliterative poetry): ba dlúim degóir dramm datta, SR 2831 . loscainn riasca réim ndata cuili biasta brecnata, ib. 3933 . ingen Mane Milscoith... datta a lí, LL 137 b 37 . oenbhliadhain déc datta in bladh: iar ndílind .ccc. ṁbliadhan, ib. 127 a 9 . MacCarthy 144. 5 . atbath Oilderg data in daigh: la hOllomain i Temraig, BB 46 b 12 . trí bliadna déc datta in barr: nír bo ḟota do Chrimthand, MacCarthy 210. 5 (LL). ór ḟég Noe...in tír lántorthech: do cech tháib cid bad dattu roḟóid a trí mormaccu, LL 142 a 12 . data mblad, Hy Fiach. 254. 15 .

III is dattae lim:

(a) it pleases me, I like, appreciate: verbum enim crucis pereuntibus quidem stultitia est .i. ní date leu in coimdiu do chrochad ┐ is burbe it does not please them Wb. 8 a 6 . cib tan docarathar damsa ní bus data lium, Laws v 274. 21 . nii pu data (v.l. cáin LB) leo iarum a lécud chucu ar ba fae leo ní bu én comadas inna néill they did not wish to admit him Corm. Bodl. 32. 22 s.v. prull .

(b) amail robo dattae lim as I wished, to my own satisfaction. iar nimchossáit Conaill Cernaig dó (sc. do Bricrinn) iarom amail robo data lais dolléic im budin Conculaind after having to his satisfaction incited C. C. FB § 10 . ó thairnic lais an iomṡuidhe do dhrud...frisin dúnaidh i mbaoi Ó Conchobhair aṁail roba data lais, AFM iv 2124. 11 . celeabhrais dó...iar ndénoṁ a thoscca aṁail roba data lais he took leave of him after he had completed his business to his satisfaction Hugh Roe 52. 17 .—Cf. also AFM v 1576. 3 : ní ro failligheadh la hua Néill anní sin go riacht gusan líon slóigh roba data lais...go ro iadhsat imon teghdhais, &c., he proceeded with the number of forces he thought sufficient.—COMP. niam-dattae, BB 127 b 34 . LL 385 b , c .—Obs.

n orig. o, n.? (dess + sel) (cf. túaithbel) deiseal deisell m., IGT Decl. § 11 . f., § 12 .

(a) direction of the sun, right-hand course. Most freq. ds. as adv. and prep. sunwise, righthand-wise, clockwise: iar ṅdul a crí . . . co Crist . . . for doi dessel, SR 8198 . Deisel Temrach . . . fót . . . i sóitís dáine deisel, Metr. Dinds. i 24 . imsoi deisell ┐ dothoet in a frithlurg afrithisi i tír n-Ulad, Lat. Lives 4 . teit iarsin dessiul Senchan, Corm. s.v. prúll = teitt deissiul Senchain, Corm. Y xvii , totæd deissiul Sencan, Corm. Y xi . tossuither in carpat éis (sic) for desel, LL 119b21 . ansu . . . co n-imparrá in carpat deisel, ┐ co tí nert int ṡeuin ara tísam ar frithisi, TBC-I¹ 25 . mar ar' impo for deissel, Acall. 7915 . oiret rabh grian ar deiseal, 520 . atá lecc . . . ag Druim L., maidm re ríg Laigen . . . da tí in daghḟer 'na deisel, 4518 . remi-déce iarmo-déce tairsceo desiul sceo tuathbil do-féce, ZCP xi 93 § 22 . da cuirther [an Cathach] tri huaire desiul a timchell sluaigh Cineoil Conaill é . . ., BCC § 178 . an t-impodh desiul, § 78 . issed ro gabsat deisiul Temra ┐ tuaithbiul Breg, BDD 26.16 . dolluid desel relci, MacCongl. 11 . tic fotrí deisiul in t-sluaigh (of a circuit made by a cleric round an army to bless it), Lism. L. 3104 . cach mac tigirn . . . do thē desell in brogo, ZCP iii 214 = SG 398 . luid in Liath M. do chelebrad do Emir ┐ dochuaid ina d.¤ fo thrí ┐ desel Dúin Imrid, LL 123a19 . do thriall asan nGotia . . . deiseal Eorpa go hEaspáinn having E. on the right, Keat. ii 583 . With pref. RO: dodechaid réim rodessil, Metr. Dinds. iii 342 . In n.loc. ata Dessel Temra etir in da charn na maccraide, Metr. Dinds. i 24 . hi táob Deisil na Temrach, Dinds. 1 § 39 ( RC xv 284 ).

adj (b) From the idea that sunwise was a lucky or auspicious direction comes the extended or more generalized meaning what is lucky, favourable, propitious: aithrigi is ī in seiseadh fōs | cach deisel is dī dacuas every right step (?) proceeds from it, ACL iii 237 § 26 (cf. cach ndírech). Dia deisel na deise | eision ┐ isi God be propitious to the pair of them, DDána 98.33 . teglach tighi Dé na deiseall . . . in his favour (?), IGT Decl. ex. 366 . deiseal dúine ár n-eolas air lucky for us that we are on our way to him, Ó Bruad. iii 210 . ar thrí teangtha d'fhighe ar dheisiol adroitly , 102 .

io, n. later f. vn. of díucraid crying out, shouting, calling (upon), freq. with notion of appeal or entreaty: robu ēcen diucrae friu (= clamor), Tur. 13 ( Thes. i 4 85 ). nuall tromm ┐ diucaire dermair, PH 4338 . diucra minic moch (i.e. prayer), Ériu ii 56 . cluinte diucaire in bhochtáin! Otia ii 96 . co diuccra, co n-ernaigthi, LB 261b26 = co ndiugrau, ACL iii 320 . go n-aithrighe nderbhair ┐ go ndíughaire truaigh, BNnÉ 188 . do legund, do irnaigthi, do diucra fri Rīg, ZCP xiii 30 . roclos guth na noiden oc diucaire (= orantis), Lat. Lives 68 . dorala bocht . . . ic díucaire i ndorus na cat[h]rach (= orantem), ib. 88 = RC ii 388 . ag diugairi ┐ ic nemele, Aen. 3109 (cf. implorans, Aeneid xii 653 ). ic cai ┐ occ diucairi, Lism. L. 3411 . oc coéi ┐ oc diucra, LB 222b33 . og derg-diuccra, PH 376 . dorogart tra ó diucaire móir, Corm. 36 s.v. prull = doriucart o guth mor, YBL. tuc treas ar cai ┐ ar diudra (sic), Lib. Flav. ii 2 va 52 . tar eis cai ┐ diugra, ib. 4 va 44 . Cf. ? dígaire.

n iā, f. (? 4 dul + fem. suffix Cín Chille Cúile 177 ). mockery, satire (?): trí maic beres drús do lonnus: tuilféth, fídchell, d.¤ , Triads 142 (with gl. .i. cáinedh no cainseoiracht, p. 39 ) = dullsaine, YBL 416b3 . ro cedla duba dullsaine, O'D. 2214 (Nero A vii, 147b). A female satirist , O'R. Poems Scene d.¤ (.i. ba ben cāinti í) ben Aimirgin Gluinghil, Leb. Gab.(i) 262 . As n.pr. f. Dullsaine, LL 162 marg. sup. ingen hui D.¤ in bannlicerd, Corm. s.v. prull (gen. also Dualsaine, Dulsine, Dualsine, ib. LB). See follg.

n o, u ; n., later m. ; the form ecoisce, BB 262a54 ( IT iii 195 § 36 ), if not a scribal error may be g p.

(a) external characteristics, distinguishing mark, sign by which a person (thing) is known for what he (it) is : conróbad écoscc a cheneóil foir the mark of his nation (i.e. circumcision) Wb. 6d6 . is hecen sainecoscc leosom for accrannaib inna ní prechite pacem (gl. quam speciosi pedes evangelizantium pacem) 5a5 . ecosc n-abstal forib, 24a25 . basa iudide ó écosc...nipsa iudide ó béssaib, 10d34 , 35 . cometecht dia n-écoscaib cen chometecht dia mbésib indulgence of their external customs but not of their morals 11c5 . is e in n-écosc .i. cride imthoimnech co ngoirtius nemnech co ndéraib troma, etc. (indications of repentance) PH 6442 . ba berrad mogadh (.i. ecosc) bai fair-seom, ACL iii 12 . Cf. cach lasa mbiat fethla .i. ecusc no comartha, O'Dav. 899 , cf. (f) below.

(b) kind, species : sainécosc noe (gl. celox, species est navis) Sg. 69a24 . an uair rachair d'innsaighi in othair... féch ar tús créd é in t-écosc .i. in ben nó in fer é (i.e. sex) O'Gr. Cat. 232.26 .

(c) in general, appearance, aspect : oft. in combination with delb, cruth, and nearly synonymous, though strictly used in a wider sense, including dress, etc., as well as person ; snuadh .i. ecosc no sainfeth, O'Dav. 1417 . ba hed ecosc na n-erc...i bae findae aúdergæ, Corm. Y 585 . dorīmi a ēugosg feib rombōi a lī, 698 ( p. 59.22 ). a crúth, a écosc, a chongraim, FB 44 . tucsatar tuaruscabail na hingene do etir chruth ┐ delb ┐ écuscc, IT i 119.9 . Moling 11 . ar chaine a dealbha ┐ ar ingantus a ecoisce (ecoisc v.l.), IT iii 195 § 36 . isin deilb ┐ isin ecosc in rochesair (in ea forma habituque) Lat. Lives 97 . for moladh crotha ┐ datha ┐ delbe ┐ eccoscca in clerigh, Moling 41 . rogab eccoscc doidheilbh fair, § 52 . tánic Alaxander i fíadhnaisi na hingine do thaiselbadh a crotha ┐ a écosca, a eirraid ┐ étaig, TTr.² 493 . ba docraid a ecosc il-leth a broitt (deformis esse et truncatus habitus videretur, of St. Martin who had given away half of his cloak) Lat. Lives 88 . boi menma fherrda i n-écosc banda aicce (of mother of the Maccabees) PH 6613 . gnūisi bāna co n-ecusc dhuine mairbh acu, RC xxviii 318 § 36 . gillae ecuisc anindustae, Corm. Y 1059 s.v. Prull . fer écosca ingnaid a strange-looking man LL 289a33 . teora hialla go ro-examlacht ecaisc (of bird flocks red, white and black) TBC-LL¹ 5632 St. dolluid fond ecosc sin, FB 92 . isind ecosc cetna PH 1546 . dealradh na diadachta i ndreich ┐ i n-eccoscc in chleirigh, BNnÉ 275.4 . a hégosg ní fhidir mé | ní théd súil silleadh uirrthi, Studies 1922, 247 . ecosc namat ridicule of (a person's) appearance (a punishable kind of satire) Laws v 228.27 (with gl.: namuitt um a ecosc .i. `ni sūil,' `ni srub', 232.8 ; cf. O'Dav. 1297 ). Of places, etc.: ecosc ṅ-áimin...tegdassa adchondarc-sa, Thes. ii 292.22 . ecosc na loch crotha gradhuill n-aluind, Anecd. i 51.1 . ba hedh a hécosc na hindsi, tir mblaith mbuidhech, 70.7 . ed a écosc in taige, LL 248b38 = ZCP iv 24z . Cf. cit. fr. Ériu viii 135 below. a phuirt is iongnadh th' éagcosg (to a castle), Ir. Monthly 1920, 539 . rob é airdmes...a n-eices ...ar écosc in armuige sin what they judged from the appearance of that slaughter MR 240 . By extension goodly appearance: (ben) co ndeilb ┐ écosc ┐ soerchenel of fair form and presence SCC 42 .

(d) garb, attire: triar cruittire con-écosc ríg im cech n-æ, LL 248b5 ( ZCP iv 33.22 ). coica ban... co n-ecosc ban síde impu, 250b45 ( ZCP iv 42.5 ). ica freasdul la Magnus do bhiudh ┐ deoch ┐ edgud nó ecasc ( livery ?) Marco P. 122 .

(e) in a looser sense form, manner, guise . eccosg .i. cuma, O'Cl. muadh .i. égcosg dealbh, no cuma, ib. muad .i. egusc, Corm. Y 958 . co ructha a breth chōir for cāch...i n-écosc co n-uamun ┐ co n-imecla in choimded `in a manner suited to' PH 4154 . fo ecusc athgabala by way of distress Laws i 192.29 Comm. ara feiser fer recht[g]a i n-ecosc dilsi `that thou mayst know when a lawful man is in the person (i.e. the legal position) of an outlaw' iii 136.1 .

(f) various occasional uses— Argument, summary (indication of what follows): hæcosc (gl. argumentum) Wb. 27d17 . Figure of speech: hond ecosc [c]omarleicthiu by a permitted figure (gl. schemate) Ml. 20b14 . Equipment, accessories, ornament (?): see (d) above and cf. further: fethal conduala .i....eccusc comduala, O'Dav. 992 , quoting Laws v 384.24 : ni conai fethal connduala what keeps the ornamented relic (i.e. the case or covering) with gl.: ni coimedas ecosc dala coin, 386.10 . feuthal .i. eugasg, Corm. Y 669 . fethal .i. ecosc ut est sceith co fethal condual la cach n-ae H 3.18, 616a (glossary to TBFr. , cf. ZCP iv 33.20 , and see fethal). Cf. O'Dav. 899 cited above. rogha iomdhaigh a nEamhain M. cona hégoscc orrdha fuirre `the apartment of your choice...with gilt facing' (gilded aspect, splendour ?) Ériu viii 135.8 . In follg. ex. hecosc may stand for thecosc: luid tria hecosc ┐ druidecht a ṡenathar do Themuir through the instructions ZCP viii 311.18 .

In fuil écosc fir agat, a ingen ? nimtha. an ail feis lem ? ar C. are you married ? ZCP xii 252.15 .

Cf. emenina .i. bannda no banecusgda no bangnimach, Auraic. 3091 .

n o, m. n s. éces, éice, Corm. Bodl. s. lethech . in t-eigess , Corm. Y p. 90.25 . g s. ind écis , Metr. Dinds. i 50.67 . ind éicis , Corm. Bodl. s. lethech . n p. ind ecis , Corm. Y, p. 91.7 . ind eiciss , p. ix 27 . and eceis, p. x 22 . an eceis , Dinds. 64 (v.l. in ecis BB. in egsi , Lec.). éigse TD 8.16 (but this may be collect.; cf. éicse). v p. a éicsiu hÉrenn, Ériu vii 220.10 . a ecsiu Fail, ZCP viii 105 y . a éicse Banbha, Metr. Dinds. iv 316.19 . a éicseo (: so) 316 z . a éigse , Keat. ii 1641 . a p. inna heicsiu , Corm. Y p. 93.2 (= inna hexe , p. x 14 . na hexi , p. xv 27 , inna heicsi , Bodl.). lasna hécseo , Metr. Dinds. iii 146.12 . g p. éces LL 128a1 = MacCarthy 166 . eges, Corm. Y p. 91.3 (= écces, p. viii z ). éigeas, TD 3.10 . d p. eicsi, Auraic. 2120 . écsib, Metr. Dinds. iii 104.9 . eixibh, ZCP viii 109.23 . éigsibh, TD 11.15 .

The word may be cognate with (do)-écci, and the original meaning is probably seer (see éicse), but though this would suit the context in many exx. it is commonest in the general sense of scholar, learned man, sage, poet ; often used as an equivalent of fili , but the latter is (in Middle and later Irish, at least) a more specialized term: eces .i. ecmacht-ces .i. ecmacht a ches d[o] airiuc i cetheora rannaib fis filidechta, Corm. Y 538 . fofuair clocenn ind oirci ┐ dobert hi ceist dond filid...tethnæ iarum in t-éces tre tenm laido conepert cáin, etc. cend moga heime inso, Corm. Bodl. s. Mugeme . eraicept na n-eiges (.i. na n-ai gan ches .i. na bfiled), Auraic. 2260 - 3 . la heigius .i. filid, 2794 . drecht d'écsib... cardáis tractad cech cetail, Metr. Dinds. iii 104.9 . laidh... is dir...d'éicsib ocus d'ḟileadaibh d'aisneis, MR 92.4 . éices ocus filid in rig .i. Dub Diad Drai a ainmside, MR 46.5 . écess óenmná `a sibyl' Ériu iv 100 . an t-eigeas, ML 22.13 = an draoi, 20.23 . an t-ord éigius `the bardic order' Ériu ix 164 § 14 . Sitzungsb. Pr. Akad. 1919, 92 § 5 . Studies 1925, 403 . is iomdha leabhar sgríobhtha síos ag éigsibh ar éachtaibh Ḟinn..., Oss. iv 272 .

Of a member of a bardic retinue: in t-eigess di muinthir Senchain, Corm. Y p. 90.25 s. prull (= intecsine, Bodl.). coíca écces a líon cenmotha eixíni, Corm. Y viii z . ni ruc (Senchán) co Guaire acht tri chaegad éceas agus tri chaegad eicsín, Oss. v 38.6 .

As title after npr.: Senc[h]an eices hErenn uili, Corm. Y p. x 16 (= eges, p. 93.3 ). Seanc[h]an eiceas, file agus primhollamh Con[n]acht, Oss. v 32.9 . Torna éces, LU 38a22 . YBL 188b8 . do réir Thorna Éigeas, Keat. ii 5462 .

COMPDS. (a) éices-mac: in t-éigess-mac | dá ngoirthí Daighre Dúanach, Duan. F. p. 10 x . (b) éicsfili: budh iomdha...éigsḟilidh dá riar, Ó Héodhusa, Ir. Monthly 1920, 651 .

n io, m. a learner of `éicse'; a student of poetry, a poet's pupil or apprentice: luid (Cruitene) do thig alaile écis ┐ a gilla leis .i. écsini side co menmain fithidrea, Corm. Bodl. (lethech) . filidh amra...eicsine laisidhe oc frithgnam, ZCP vii 305.10 . ro rathaigestar in t-éices mormenmain ind eicsine ┐ laget a frithgnama, Corm. Bodl. (s. lethech) . do p[h]romad ind eicsine, ib. O'Gr. Cat. 94. 17 . oc tuidecht écsi dia écsinib imparting wisdom to his pupils RC xxvi 12.9 ; 22 n. 9 . cóeca eices a llín cenmotha éicsiniu, Corm. Bodl. s. prull . int ecsine di muintir S., ib. = exine, Corm. Y p. xiii 21 . eigess, p. 90.25 . foric in n-écsíne oc múnud a aiciuchta, LU 11002 . airacept na neicsiné (v.l. na hécsene), IT iii 32.3 (part of first year's course). Cf. éicsín.

adj later also with prothetic f-. Thurneysen ( ZCP xi 310 ) takes the early form to be sétir (q.v.; connected with séitrech strong, powerful) of which he notes the follg. exx.: in setir lat tuidecht, Corm. Y 92.2 s.v. prull ( setar, 23 N 10 . setar Harl.). in ba setir lim, Anecd. iii 59.8 . caniseter latsu mo shnadhudh?...seiter dino, TBC-I¹ 1151 ( setir...seitir, LU 5630 ). Cf. also: ni setir .i. nir bo éter LL 317a7 . cipé díb...lasim sétar, FB 94 (rismadseidir, Voss.).

eti, Mon. Tall. § 54 . éitir, Acall. 3201 n. éidir, Keat. ii 229.568 . TSh. 1007 , etc. eiter, TBC-I¹ 520 . etear, BB 461b41 . éidear (: géiggeal), TD 4.17 ; 23.23 . In Mid- Ir. the word seems to have become confused with the pass. pres. of ad-cota (protot.). Cf. co nach étir in chned ...do legius...; is mar sin ni fétar in chned...do lesugud PH 7644 . o nach fétar fiss dígbala in uilc sin d'fhaisnés, is mar sin nach étir a leigess, 7787 . ní hetar innas aile sin acht...tria forcetul in Chomded do chomollad, LU 2693 . Able; possible, feasible: bad éitir, bad inric, bad ṡuthnge let him be capable, AM 16.134 . is eidir na muiti a tinsgetul uadaiph fein mutes can begin with their own sound Auraic. 3008 . ba héittir go tticfadh it might come to pass Fl. Earls 144.35 . cionnus budh éidir N. do bheith...? how could N. be...? Keat. ii 229 . is iomdha... do sgéalaibh budh éidir do chur síos, TSh. 5508 . is éidir a rádh, 1211 . ní mó is éidir fios...d'fagháil, Job xxxvi 26 . With neg.: a aithriogadh ni héidir he cannot be unkinged BNnÉ 278.12 . ní héidear a holc d'áireamh, TD 4.17 . ní héidir sin do bheith fírinneach, Keat. ii 568 . do bhríogh nach éidir do bheith ann acht éin Dia amháin, TSh. 1007 . ní héidir a mheas, 396 . With la (le, re): ní bes etir la neoch do tabirt fair di maith, Mon. Tall. § 54 . nech ris ba heitir erdorn claidib...do gabáil, CRR 17 . da mudh eidir lat mo tṡarugad, Laws v 276.2 Comm. neach lasin eter in tarbsa da chosnum, Aen. 1070 . taispen damsa do nert...mas étir let, Fier. 4 . nech le bud etir a bacail dibh, 201 . ba heitir lais a radha, Fl. Earls 184.25 . connarbo eiter leo a ṅgluasacht they could not move TBC-I¹ 520 . ni hetear le tiachtain she is not able to come Aen. 1170 . nírb éitir leis imtecht do denam, Acall. 3201 n. innus nacharb eitir a creidimain it would be impossible to believe Fier. 49 . fuarusa...seal dob aoibhne dárbh fhéidir, Studies 1918, 452 . is (ní) é.¤ dom it is (im-)possible for me (in my case): nách éidear dhí é d'éimdheadh, TD 15.35 . is éidir dhamh díol do thabhairt as `I can give payment for it' 22.15 . ní héidir dhó gan bheith críochnuighthe tráth éigin it must come to an end some time TSh. 3158 .

ind nii pu data leo iarum a lecud chucu ar ba fáe leo nibu en comadas inna neill `they deemed that he was not a bird fit for their flock' Bodl. Corm. s.v. prull . (ar fae, Harl.) See fé.

n ā, f. A swallow: Sg. 52b5 (gl. hirundo). fandoll TBC-I¹ 657 . Cf. fannall .i. fanal [ = fann-āl] quia infirmae alae eius. fannall didiu fannitech, O'Mulc. 490 . a s. mar ḟandaill , TBC-LL¹ 1301 = aindli St. luathithir fri fanaill, MacCongl. 63.9 . luathither fándli, Thr. Ir. Gl. 36 (Corm. s.v. prull ). g s. co lúas faindle, LU 6485 . i n-athlaime na fandle TBC-LL¹ 528 . n p. lingid fainnle fanna suas (sic leg.), RC v 202.3 . i n-ocht calaind apreil āin | tecait fainnli fria nglandāil Mart. Tall. 94 ( LL 356 marg. sup.). Cf. mar eirb nó mar fainle, Acall. 6057 n . As npr. m.: Fandall [mac Nechtan] TBC-I¹ 624 = Fandle, TBC-LL¹ 1300 . Fannall, Dinds. 130 . Cf. ainnel.

n f. (cf. W. gwymon, Br. goumon, Fr. goémon, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 87. 93 ; see also Thurneysen, KZ xlviii 67 , and O'Rahilly, Ériu xiii 162 ff .) some kind of (edible ?) seaweed: ceso femmuin mbolgaig mbung, Corm. Bodl. s.v. prull ( femmain, Corm. Y 1059 ; femnach LB). g s. oc búain na femna ┐ in muirthoraid olchenai, ib. (ḟemnaige LB ; femnai, Harl.). See femm, and femnach.

n ā, f. (coll. fr. fem(m)ain) sea-weed, or edible water-weed: f.¤ no duilesc, Laws i 170.13 Comm. f.¤ bolgach, Thr. Ir. Gl. 37 (= femmuin mbolgaig, Corm. Bodl. s.v. prull ). sruth lās min-femnoig immach `that casts forth small weeds' ACL iii 306 § 3 . do muraig, do mór-ḟemnaig, Metr. Dinds. iii 192.28 . g s. oc buain ḟemnaige, Thr. Ir. Gl. 37 = na femnuige, Corm. Y 1059 (na femna, Bodl.). dorn feamnoidhe ZCP x 280.12 . See fem(m)ach, and fem(m)ain.

n some kind of swift-footed animal (the spelling fíadmuin is perh. due to association with 2 fíad): fiadmuin .i. fiadmíla bid i muine, Corm. Y 646 (pl. or collect. ?). luaithidir fíamuin, Corm. Bodl. s.v. prull (fándli no fiamain LB). BDD 135 . LU 9122 ( FB 87 ). TBC-LL¹ 5634 St (fiamhain). pl. [do]coislet fort fiadhmuine , O'Dav. 627 . cf. coisle fiamoin ([.i.] siubhal sionnach no mactire), Hard. ii 294.12 .