ro-finnadar
Cite this: eDIL s.v. ro-finnadar or dil.ie/35431Last Revised:
2013
Forms:
fo-retar, rud-finnadar, rofinnathar, finnatar, finta, fintai, finna, finnad, finnamár, findamar, findam, finnaid, finnatar, findat, fessur, fíasur, ḟessarur-sa, rofésser, rofessir, confeser, confeiser, fesser, fesara, con-festar, festar, rofessadar, fessara, fiastar, fiastar, fiasara, rufessin, n[i]confessin, fessaind, rofesta-su, festa-su, raḟesed, ro-das-fessad, rofessad, nin-fessed, fesed, rofesmais, fesmais, rufeste, festais, rofessur-sa, essur, rufiastar, fiastar, rofestar, rofessammar, rofessid, rofessatar, rofetar, rafetar, fetar-sa, fetor-sa, etar-sa, ḟetur, do-fetar, fetar, fetar-su, fetar, fetar-su, fetura-sa, rofitir, ro-ind-fiteir, fitir, rofitemmar, -fitemmar, rofetamar, rafetammár, -fetammar, -fetammár, rofitid, rafitid-si, rofitis, rofitetar, -fitetar, rafetatar, -fetatar, etetár, rafetar, -fintar, rofinnatar, rufessar, fessar, rofestar, festur, co festar, festa, fessta, rofess, rofes, fess, rofessa, fessa, fessa, fissi, fis, -finnub-sa, fhindub-sa, -findfam, [ḟ]indfaind-sa, findfad, fo-r-indfad, find, fhinnsat, finnachtain, finnad, -fetar, fetrais, Rofetar, fetadur, ḟedarais, rofhetabar, rosfetabair, rofhitirset, -fhitirset, fesbaide, fesfaide, Rofinnadar, finnaid, rofind, Rofess, fetamar, eadamar
v (Mid.Ir. finnaid)
finds out, discovers
. In O.Ir.
a depon.; three different stems are used in conjugation:
(1) finn- `discover', in imper., indic. pres. and imperf. (2)
fes(s)-, fias- in subj., fut. and cond., also pass. pret. and gerundive. (3) fit-, fet- in pret. act. with force of pres. `know'. For
-fitir see
ZCP xv 204
;
Norsk tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap iv 426
;
Indogermanische Forschungen xxxix 220
. For the form fo-retar see
Ériu xii 222
;
for forms without ro- in answering a question see ibid.
219
.
O.Ir. and early Mid.Ir. forms: pres. 3 s.
rud-finnadar,
Ml.
46c24
.
rofinnathar,
LL 152b7
(=
rofinnadar,
Metr. Dinds. iii
448.107
). 3 pl.
nad finnatar
,
Ml. 99b10
. imp. 2 s.
finta,
LL
251a18
.
TBC-LL¹ 199
,
649
.
fintai,
LU 7572
(
BDD 110
).
finna,
LU 5400
. 3 s.
finnad,
Wb. 29a17
.
SR 1691
. 1 pl.
finnamár,
LU 9212
(
FB 94
).
findamar,
Ériu ii 102.1
.
findam,
TBC-I¹
2361
. 2 pl.
finnaid,
LU 4750
.
TBC-LL¹ 728
. 3 pl.
finnatar,
LU
3476
(
SCC 25
).
findat,
ZCP v 23.27
. subj. pres. 1 s.
co fessur
,
SR 2883
.
TBC-LL¹ 1399
.
acht co fíasur
,
LU 3373
(
SCC 16
). Cf.
cia bo ḟessarur-sa
(sic),
LB 68b2
(
PH 5911
). 2 s.
rofésser,
Fél.
Feb. 4
;
dian fésser,
Oct. 24
(: crésen, créssen).
rofessir,
Laws
iv 340.3
.
confeser,
Wb. 29a22
.
confeiser,
Sg. 209b30
.
co
fesser
,
SR 1327
,
6113
.
co fesara
,
PH 1813
,
6645
. 3 s.
con-festar,
Wb. 12c38
.
28d11
.
Ml. 51b10
.
arin festar
,
LU 3509
(
SCC 27
).
rofessadar,
Rawl. 80b26
(
ZCP iii 24.2
).
dia fessara
,
LL 285b49
(
KMMisc. 208.12
).
nad fiastar
,
Wb. 22d3
, is a fut.
form, cf.
na fiastar
,
Laws v 462.18
, and:
nach fiasara
,
Leb. Cert.
234.22
. subj. impf. 1 s.
rufessin,
Ml. 59b1
.
n[i]confessin,
117d4
.
dia fessaind
,
TBC-LL¹ 932
. 2 s.
rofesta-su,
Wb. 10a10
.
dia festa-su
,
CRR 4
(
LL 171a37
). 3 s.
raḟesed,
Sg. 148a6
.
ro-das-fessad,
SR 562
(: meth).
rofessad,
TBC-LL¹ 1766
.
amal
nin-fessed
,
Wb. 16a2
.
cini fesed
,
Thes. i 3.39
. 1 pl.
rofesmais,
LU 6760
(
BDD 28
).
co fesmais
,
7069
(
BDD 73
). 2 pl.
rufeste,
Wb. 9c8
. 3 pl.
co festais
,
LU 1833
.
TBC-LL¹ 62
. fut. 1 s.
rofessur-sa,
Wb. 9a21
.
ro essur
,
IT ii1 179.157
. 3 s.
rufiastar,
Ml. 111c13
.
ni fiastar
,
Wb. 12d18
.
rofestar,
12d27
. 1 pl.
rofessammar,
SR
1265
. 2 pl.
rofessid,
Wb. 7d6
. 3 pl.
rofessatar,
Ml. 69b1
. pret.
pres. 1 s.
rofetar,
Wb. 16d7
.
LU 1285
.
rafetar,
TBC-LL¹ 60
.
ni
fetar-sa
,
Wb. 28c10
.
ni fetor-sa
,
Thes. ii 241.10
(
Ardm. 18a1
).
nad etar-sa
,
LL 265b35
(
MU 26.26
).
nochon ḟetur
,
LU 4761
.
do-fetar,
Anecd. v 2.11
. fetar (in reply),
Ériu xii 219
. 2 s.
in
fetar-su
,
IT ii1 179.156
.
nad fetar
,
TBC-LL¹ 930
.
nach fetar-su
,
PH 1374
.
nach fetura-sa
,
719
? 1 s.). 3
s.
rofitir,
Wb. 24d5
.
SR 2029
.
amal rundfitir,
Ml. 140c10
.
lasse ro-ind-fiteir
,
ZCP
vii 481.27
(
Enchir. Aug. 74b
).
ni fitir
,
Wb. 26d14
. 1 pl.
rofitemmar,
Wb. 6c16
.
12c5
.
14b19
.
-fitemmar,
12c6
.
16a29
.
Sg.
32b5
.
rofetamar,
Trip. 42.11
.
LU 5650
.
TBC-LL¹ 1235
.
rafetammár,
LU 4973
.
-fetammar,
Ml. 37a10
.
TBC-LL¹ 8
.
-fetammár,
LU 1779
. 2 pl.
rofitid,
Wb. 7d6
.
rafitid-si,
18b9
.
rofitis,
6a18
.
14c12
. (= rofitid-si). 3 pl.
rofitetar,
23b12
.
-fitetar,
27a11
.
Ml. 95a12
.
rafetatar,
54b14
.
-fetatar,
96b2
. Cf.
ni etetár
,
Wb. 21d1
.
rafetar,
28c12
. Pass. pres. s.
-fintar,
Sg. 200b13
.
Ml. 30a3
. pl.
rofinnatar,
Wb. 29a28
,
30
. subj pres. s.
rufessar,
Ml. 24d17
.
dia fessar
,
24d14
. Mid.Ir.
rofestar,
SM Facs. 33a1
(
Laws ii 272.12
).
cu festur
,
Laws ii 6.29 Comm.
co festar,
PH 7645
. subj. impf.
con festa
,
Sg. 26b8
.
co fessta
,
IT i
118.10
. pret. pres. s.
rofess
,
Wb. 23b9
.
rofes,
Ml. 80b11
.
nad fess
,
80b10
(see also 1 fes(s)). pl.
rofessa,
Lib. Hymn. i
38.34
.
nach fessa
,
33
.
ní fessa
,
Fél. Prol. 76
. part. necess.
fissi,
Thes. ii 308.18
. Vn. fis (O.Ir. fius) q.v.
In Mid.Ir. the vb. undergoes a twofold development:
(1) finn- `
find out
' develops subj., fut. and pret. forms act.
and pass.: fut. 1 s.
-finnub-sa,
TBC-LL¹ 5759
.
ni fhindub-sa
,
PH
2017
. 1 pl.
-findfam,
LL 268b39
(
MU 44.27
). cond. 1 s.
no
[ḟ]indfaind-sa
,
PH 20
. 3 s.
na findfad
,
2012
. Cf.
fo-r-indfad,
LL 264a18
,
19
(
MU 16.9
,
11
). ? pret. 3 s.
ro find
,
BB 16b20
. 3 pl.
niro fhinnsat
,
Marco P. 60
. vn. finnachtain, finnad.
(2) The
subj. and fut. forms with fes- survive and are associated with
the pret. in the sense `
know
'. In pret. pres. 1 s. -fetar continues in use down to modern times, but analogous forms are
used in other persons:
in fetrais . . .? Rofetar ┐ ro fetadur fir
Eirenn,
Acall. 7608
,
7610
. ma do ḟedarais
(2 s.),
TBC-LL¹ p. 221
n. 2
. rofhetabar (2 pl.),
PH 1710
.
rosfetabair,
Metr. Dinds.
iii 280.54
.
rofhitirset,
Fl. Earls 10.22
.
-fhitirset,
62.21
.
114.16
.
fesbaide,
LL 195a25
=
fesfaide,
Metr. Dinds. iii 118.
105
, is a spurious fut. form (2 pl.).
A. Rofinnadar, finnaid.
(a)
finds out, discovers, learns
= Lat.
cognoscit, often implying effort or investigation, esp. in imper.;
folld. by acc., dependent question or clause with or without
conj. In Glosses the pres. finn-, is used with force of a consuetudinal pres. or in general statements, Thurn.
ZCP v 19
. In
older texts the subj. and fut. forms in fes- are used in above
sense. in línn rofitir a peccad finnad a ccúrsagad
let as many
as know their sins [come to] know their reprimanding
,
Wb.
29a17
. biit alaili and rofinnatar a pecthe rosíu docói grád
forru
whose sins are found out
,
29a28
.
ni taibri grád for nech
confeser a inrucus,
ib. 22
. mad ail duit co fesser olcc
if thou
wouldst learn what evil is
,
SR 1327
. ārim cech sluaig . . . ni
fail nech rodasfessed
who could find it out
,
562
. ara feiser cenn
rig for aithech
that thou mayest be able to tell (when) a king's
head (is) on a plebeian
,
Laws iii 106.4
. ragat acht co fiasur in
n-airm atá
provided I can find out where she is
,
SCC 16
.
dia
fessmais indni not-fóirfed, foghébta linn,
IT i 122.21
. ro-finnathar a mathair-som inní sein
discovers
,
ZCP viii 311.2
.
ni fetar, olsi, cid dernad de. Finta-su em, ol A.
find out!
LL
251a18
(
TBFr. 295
).
finta-ssu dún in tecam fo nā tecam,
TBC-LL¹
199
. ar co festa-su damsa cia airm, etc.,
1728
. findtae dun
coich in choland
find out for us whose body it is
,
Corm. Y 1018
.
finna dam indiu Meidb ┐ Fergus (= keep an eye on M. & F.
for me),
LU 5400
.
finta lat in mór in marbad,
RC xiii 84.23
.
finnta lat cid thacras Déicc,
PH 1041
. fionnta libh cia
doroine, etc.,
BNnÉ 34.29
. a ēigsi . . . in findtai nō in feadabair | cidh ma tugsat
can you find out or do you know
,
BB
42b48
=
in fagbaid no in fetabair,
LL 211a39
. findamar uait
do ainm
let us hear your name
,
Ériu ii 102.1
.
fionnam uait
mar do íocais,
TD 14.8
.
(b) the sense `
find out
' is not distinct from that of `knows' in
forms with fes-: amal ninfessed cách
as though no one knew us
(gl. ignoti),
Wb. 16a2
. can rufesta-su íccfe in mnái (= unde
scis),
10a10
. ni ḟetar . . . dia fessaind conbeind na fatchius
if I had known
,
TBC-LL¹ 932
. ni fili nad fiastar sé hernaili déc na
filidechta
he is no poet who does not know
,
ZCP vi 262.23
.
dá
bhfeasadh . . . cá huair do thiocfadh,
TSh. 2244
(= si sciret,
Matthew xxiv 43
).
(c) hence the development of new forms from finn- in the
sense `
find out
':
cacha finnub-sa de . . . innisfithir duit-siu,
TBC-LL¹ 5759
.
finnubh . . . an crích bús fhearr dhibh,
RC xliii
64 § 64
. ná lí do mhnái co finnair
do not accuse your wife until
you find out (her guilt)
,
Acall. 582
. doberthar chucom-so nech
rodfinnfa do ghalur (= who will diagnose),
IT i 122.3
.
cia
forindfad dún ca crích ina fuilem?,
LL 264a18
(
MU 16.9
).
tri focuil for braich . . . co finntar a blas,
Laws ii 242.12
.
(a) pret. pres.
knows
(gen. in sense of Lat. scire =
is aware of, seldom is acquainted with):
is becc rofitemmar-ni
i rrúnaib Dǽe,
Wb. 12c5
.
is moo rofhitir Dia rúine na ṅdoine
andaas rofhetatar fén,
PH 5126
.
rofhetar-sa at aiprisce na
doíne,
1425
. in fetar cid ruc . . .? Nicon fetar
dost thou know
. . .? I know not
,
IT ii1 178.135
.
in fetair-seo cia fath . . .? Nād
edar-sa,
TBC-I¹ 2222
, cf.
TBC-LL¹ 2987
,
4251
. fer ná fetar claind
no cenel dó
of whom I know not his family nor his race
,
IT i
127.30
.
ní ḟedabair an lá no an uair,
RC xxv 388.18
.
(b) with
force of pret.
knew
(common in Mid.Ir., esp. in 3d pers.):
nachatfedir . . . atc[h]uitig fa thri
he swore thrice that he knew
thee not
,
ZCP x 47.13
. ni fhetar olc remisin
I knew not evil
until then
,
LB 111a42
(
MacCarthy 56.1
), cf.
SR 1335
.
raḟitir
co taetsad,
TBC-LL¹ 3720
.
ní fidir cuin doricfad a les,
Ériu iii
154.13
.
(c) the pret. rofind is occas. similarly used:
Findia
.i. nech do ḟind Dia,
Fél.² cxlvii
(
Sep. 28
).
nír fhinnsad nār
iad sloigh na criche,
Marco P. 150
.
nir fhionnsat cia cúil . . .
iona rabhsad na curpa,
BNnÉ 184.22
.
ro find [Pátraic]
combad si [Ard Macha] budh cenn . . . d'eccailsibh Erenn,
AFM i 142.12
.
C.
Rofess
(a) is known
(perf. pres.):
rofess i taig cáich,
Wb.
23b9
.
rocluinter in fogur ┐ ni fess cia rāide,
IT i 144.11
.
innahi nach fessa . . . na hi rofessa (= quae latent . . . quae
leguntur),
Lib. Hymn. i 38.33
,
34
.
(b) with force of pret. was
known
: is ed durumenatar-som nad fess in gním
they thought
the deed was not known
,
Ml. 80b10
. ba ceist mór la hUltu
náconfes céle for a selb
that she was not known to have a husband
,
IT i 139.10
. rofes o Día do Senán andí-sin
that was (made)
known to S.
,
ZCP iii 222.8
. Common in parenthesis or cheville:
corbat rí rofes i ndiaid Cormaic,
LL 147a17
(
PRIA iii 548
).
ropo derg th'ḟaebur, rofess, | i mBeluch,
RC xx 11 § 12
. The
neg. ní fess was later analysed as noun with cop., see 1 fes(s).
D. Idiomatic uses:
(a) with AR (FOR) of pers.
finds out (knows)
against (to the discredit of): cor . . . ara findtar a saithed
whose
fraud is discovered
,
Laws iii 6.19
. elodhuch ar a finnathar
one
found out to be a fugitive
,
60.1
. ná fionnadh a hathair fuirre
that her father might not find out (her guilt)
,
TFrag. 30.2
.
rofes
forsin fher-sin in gním,
PH 948
=
ō dafes,
ZCP xiv 153.3
(YBL).
aoinneach . . . ar a bhfionntaoi claonadh seanchusa
do dhéanamh,
Keat. iii 511
.
(b) of connubial intercourse:
mac mná nad festar céle
who knows no spouse
(of the Virgin
Mary),
Imr. Brain § 26
.
ben nad fessed [sic leg.] nech do feraib
hErend ríam,
IT i 119.29
(LU).
ni fetar ┐ ni fhindub-sa
ferscál,
PH 2017
.
dias inghean nar fhionn fear,
Gen. xix 8
.
(c) doubtful:
rofind . . . Dia suan . . . i nAdam,
BB 16b20
=
immisit . . . soporem in A.
,
Gen. ii 21
(leg. rofóid ?).
E. Some late exx.:
(a) in fidir tú ?
do you know
?
Acall. 753
.
an bhféidir tú . . .?,
ZCP iv 404.4
;
412.17
. ni fhéidir . . . acht
ro-fhéadar liom
I do not know . . . but I do know
,
412.19
.
cf.
an fitir lat ?,
Snedg. u. Mac R 12.6
(b) 1 pl. pret. fetamar
has given rise to the adv. eadamar
surely, certainly
, see
TD ii
p. 200
,
Desíd. p. 304
:
e. nach diúltfa sibh,
Content. xvi 104
.
eadamair eistfidhear linn,
Dánta Gr. xvii 11
.