n nt, m. Later frequ. with inorganic f- (see also fabra). n s. abrat (leg. abra? Or for abrait?), Laws v 250.4 . a s. abraid, LL 208a16 . n p. abrait deirg, LU 7763 . g p. abrat, ZCP vii 299.17 . Later as vocalic stem (also with pl. forms in -dh-) g s. an abhra mhoill, Miscell. Celt. Soc. 404.9 . n p. fabhradha, Keat. ii 3636 . g p. abhra, DDána 99.30 . Note d p. abrachtaib gl. palpebris, Gild. Lor. 120 .

Orig. perh. eyelash(es) which seems to be the usual meaning in compounds, but eyelid suits a number of exx. The meanings cannot always be sharply distinguished, and the follg. classification is to some extent arbitrary.

(a) eyelash(es): palpebra .i. fabhra, Ir. Gl. 79 . ? aere mor aah bruit, IT iii 91 § 126 ( BB 293a11 ). a mailghi ┐ a abraid, 186.15 . abrait duib daín, LU 4515 . (cf. abhraid .i. fabhradha. a.¤ dhubhdhaimh .i. fabhradha amail daol, O'Cl.). iter clethchor ndub ndóelabrat, 7386 . abrait fo daildath, IT i 80.16 . an dara ha.¤ dubh, aroile fionn. TBC-LL¹ 5551 (Stowe). ma robenad a.¤ uachtair a sul do duine, Laws iii 352.11 Comm. da ḟabra dubha, Ériu iii 152 § 5 . With mong: abra dubmall nach daor mong, IGT Decl. ex. 521 . Cf. lia sgor an mhongabhraigh mhóir, DDána 106.5 . Fig. cróib dind abaill a hEmain / . . ./ gésci findarggait fora / abrait glano co mbláthaib, Imr. Brain 3 . láimh re habhradhaibh Eoraipe `hard by the fringes of Europe's shore' Ó Bruad. iii 70 x .

(b) eyelid: abrait fri nem (i.e. in prayer?), Ériu ii 64 § 4 . sruth serb saile i sūilib saigh, / aslocha fraigh n-abrat n-ūar, ZCP vii 299.17 . im fabra mil moir do chobraind, Laws i 124.7 . Cf. 250.4 . deor tromthoirsi co ti tar a.¤ ar n-aighti-ni, ACL iii 234.18 . fabra uachtarach a súl, O'Gr. Cat. 77.38 . cladmailgi . . . forbrit tar a fabradaib, MR 186.3 . eadrom is eatoil ghlana / muna n-iadhoinn m'aphradha, Studies 1920, 263.10 . In phrases corresponding to Engl. in the twinkling of an eye: feadh an abhra d'osgoladh, DDána 21a.2 . re turnamh an abhra, Ó Héodhusa 28.19 . ar feadh iadhaidh m'fhabhra even for a brief moment, DDána 32.12 .

In n.pr.: Fand . . . ingen Áeda Abrat .i. áed tene is hé tene na súla in mac imlesen, LU 3375 ( SCC 17 ).

In composition abrat-, later also abra-. ¤-chaín having fair eye-lashes: o ri Erend abradchain, BB 274a33 . Ailill abratchaen, Rawl. 83a36 . ¤-donn: an tóg abhradonn (: agam), TD 1.26 . fad ghruaidh abhradhuinn (: Conuill), 2.36 . ¤-dub: mar ráith gCuinn abhradhduibh fhinn (: charmhoguill), DDána 119.2 . ¤-gorm: ar int aithech abratgorm, Rawl. 87a45 . da óclach aigḟinna abratgorma, TBC-LL¹ 4346 . ¤-mall: crann céasda an óig abhramhoill, DDána 54.24 . ¤-rúad: C. abratruad of the red eye-lashes Rawl. 83a44 = C. Abhrad-rúadh .i. rosc rúadh co mailgibh rúadha ro thecht, nam brai mala dicitur , Cóir Anm. 190 . U. abradruad, RC xxiv 274 § 7 .

See abratchor.

adj o, ā (álaig?) virtuous: bad serb (.i. mogh), bad umal, álgech (: cráibdech) `kindly(?)', Ériu iii 96 § 7 .

adj o, ā. See LEIA soft, mild, pleasant: lenis .i. ailgen, LU 936 (ACC). ailgen no slemon gl. leuem, Ml. 87b13a . amal bróin nailgen sniges hi cnai, 89c15 . in dealb alainn ailghen, TBC St. 2409 . do thaisbenad a chrotha álgin alaind do mnaib, LU 6536 (TBC). a dhreach áilghin, SGS iv 138 § 7 . a gilldai umail ailgein `gentle', Cáin Ad. § 18 . Erne á.¤ imchubaid (: -báided), Metr. Dinds. iii 462.z . lorg . . . cend anbthen fhurri ┐ cend álgen, MU² 629 . ceól meldach n-á.¤ , LU 1800 . lēnis cantus .i. canamain mīn ālgen, ZCP v 497.20 . re séisibh . . . ailgeana . . . oirfidech, MR 110.22 . ro cendsaich M. o briathraib ailgenaib E., TTebe 3180 . aithescc ailgen in t-slanicceda, PH 6137 . bolad ailgen, LB 230b33 . Compar. biad bis ailgini, Ériu vii 150 § 19 . Used predicatively: is á.¤ doneprinn. Tráctairecht forsa liquitur insin gl. pedetemptim desolvitur, Sg. 145a4 . mám in Choimded is á.¤ , Ériu i 197 § 14 . is cennais ┐ is á.¤ (of a person), LU 1941 ( FA 1 ). airchinnech glan, cráibdech / algen fri cech ndlicht `gentle in every determinat- ion', Ériu iii 106 § 41a . uair ro bo ṡoghnasach ┐ ba hailghin oc a haltrum, RC vi 174.3 . dob áilghen a gciall fa ól, L. Cl. A. B. 118.100 . Adv. gu hailghen mesarda pleasantly and moderately, Ériu v 134 § 73 . go cennuiss áilghen, Fl. Earls 48.22 . co hinmain ailgen aga hagallaim, TTebe 1069 . a hiarraidh go háilghean (of heaven), DDána 37.40 .

n Subst. huare as serb ┐ nad ṁbí ní du ailgen indi, Ml. 94c8 . ba h-algen curmthigi, is ba dúr debtha he was the darling, TFerbe 309 . 's as tú a-bháin, a bhean Cheara / fat fhear lenb áil t'ailgheana `who lovest to exercise thy charms on thy spouse', O'Hara 3234 .

n f. (see Vendr. Lex.) bane, harm, destruction: cen on cen olc cen erbaid, SR 3430 . in fer asa erbaid aire, Trip.² 408 . ca hurbaid mór ar-nom-thá a Chathbuid . . ., TFerbe 141 . nā tīsad airbuid de muir na tir, Cáin Ad. 2 . aurbaidi mruigrechtai huili go cech turbaid techtai conmestar brit[h]im i.e. matters of husbandry which involve distress (and to which attention is permitted on Sunday), Anecd. iii 22.10 (but see Ériu xx 173 , cf. EIF 606 ). Cf. turbaid II. todernama iffirn ┐ erbada lathe bratha, LU 2278 ( FA § 33 ). na sin maithe a Murmaig / fri hurbaid in t-óenfál, Gorm. March 31 . ar ágh is ar erbhaidh / ar demhnaibh dom dinsa, Ep. 7. ág ┐ urbaid na haidchi innocht, TFerbe 179 . cath fri cach n-erbaidh, ZCP vi 264 § 7 . fri tinol nguasachta ┐ imned ┐ urbada, LL 229b41 ( TTr. 930 ). co mbad leriti na hairgni ┐ co mbad moti na hurbada, CRR §§ 3 , 15 . urbaid mór im Albanchaib i cath Roth . . ., LL 6271 . ?int Aed aurbaig (.i. cath Focharta in which he was defeated), ZCP xii 232 § 43 (Baile in Scáil). d'aithe a n-uaradair d'urbhuidh, L. Cl. A. B. 270.52 . aincios mē ar urbadhaibh, Feis Tighe Chonáin 1510 . do sgé an fhirminnte a hurbhuidh, Studies 1921, 418 § 3 . Attrib. g s. Capaneus robai 'na stuaig bodba aduathmair urbada, Celt. Rev. x 24.8 . evil, malice: cen [n]ach n-erbaid ina anmain (of Colmán), BColm. 22.14 . tosach uilc is urbhoidhe, ZCP xiv 257.4 . a n-anreachtaibh uilc ┐ urbhadha, ML 130.27 . Note also: derb loma .i. de urbaigh donīt[h]er í no dī-ṡerb , Corm. Y 454 .

adj o, ā ( an + fíal, Lochlann ii 218 ) shameless, unabashed; impudent, audacious: níptar ecnaig anbli (ainble v.l.) `were not shameless revilers', Fél. Nov. 9 . tria brichtu ainble anḟír, SR 3850 . ialla ainble engacha (of bird flocks), 8125 . lia do fír fri sena n-a.¤ , Cóic Con. 16 § 3 (`bei unverschämter Leugnung, Leugnung des schlechten Gehabens'). a.¤ gach aon ar tuinidh tarrtachtain .i. is anfial do gach aon . . ., Laws iv 268.23 Comm. ; 382.18 Comm. ; O'Curry 2215 ( Eg. 88, 15b ). in leth-balb tengad ┐ in leth-losc neolus ┐ in leth-anbul nae rude, ignorant , O'D. 1657 (H 5.15, 22b) = O'Curry 2271 ( Eg. 88, 20(21)b ). a.¤ (anbail v.l.) cech anecnaid, Tec. Corm. § 13.19 = anbiail .i. anfial, O'Curry 1298 (H 3.18, 539b). a.¤ cech rudrach, Tec. Corm. § 15.12 , cf. ru[d]rach (sic leg.) cach n-ainfial, ACL iii 229.103 (see ZCP xvii 62 ). tláithe timgaire aidble (ainble v.l.) irnaidi (of women), Tec. Corm. § 16.74 . amal rauc in chúmal / étig a.¤ écunnal, LL 4463 = in chumal / étig adtrúag . . ., Ériu iv 94 § 8 . ecnaid anettoil a.¤ , i 198.2 . fer garb serb borb . . . engach a.¤ (anbhail v.l.), Tec. Corm. § 28 . coragbatar a sosta / bátar ainble anḟosta, Metr. Dinds. iii 90.28 . nó in ben co n-ét a.¤ , 2.18 . dáig ní herenach a.¤ (amgar v.l.) / a genelach gnáthadbal, 340.28 . fierce, savage: onchoin anbhle, Anecd. ii 60 § 22 . eicethach na n-onchon n-anbhli (anbli, n-anble v.l.), 61.3 . anmargaich anbli allmarda, Cog. 158.13 . laich angbaide ainble (sic leg. ? aimble, text), Todd Nenn. 136.1 .

Cf. ainfíal.

o Appar. vn. formation from *ath-bong-. Precise meaning uncertain. `after-reaping', Met. Dinds. Gloss. Native glosses cited below no doubt ad hoc interpretations of particular passages. Freq. in chevilles. rorandais raind fond n-aile n-athraind raind athbaig iar muig medba, Corm. Y 1018 ( Anecd. iv 88 ) `thou hast shared a share at the second redivision', Corm. Tr. p. 131 . na tri muir met anathfaig / timchellait in primcathraig, SR 421 . mor n-a.¤ (: cathrach), 473 . trén a.¤ , 4683 . lín an-athbaig, 5055 . duiri a.¤ , 7347 . it sain maim conmidither / i n-a.¤ i n-ucht `the second time and at the beginning', Ériu xvi 183 § 36 . bennacht dé for Eithne . . . / . . . / lasa n-ibsim iar cuairt cathrach / for cet n-athfach (fo neim nathrach v.l., Bruchst. 20 § 40 ) / oiri ocht cethrair bathlach . . . / . . . sruaim do midh, ZCP xvii 266.4 . brigach n-a.¤ , LL 4932 . suí littri ┐ rí ruirech / dlegait a.¤ maithglan mín / is prímchruachait dóib, LL 3728 . uais a.¤ dogéne iarsain / orgain Cathrach Comḟossaid, Metr. Dinds. iii 242.15 . athbhach .i. ionnsaighidh, O'Cl. rosbalb rosberb cen a.¤ / salchur serb na sennathrach, Metr. Dinds. ii 62.7 `without delay', Corr. a.¤ .i. atharrach, O'Curry 1292 (H 3.18, 537), citing foregoing ex. athbhach .i. aitherrach na huaire sin, O'Cl. ruc díis cen a.¤ n-úaire / fiad ṡlúag cathrach Cróebruaide `without respite', Metr. Dinds. iv 128.75 . atú . . . gan lúth gan athfac, Duan. F. i 17.2 `power', Gloss. athbach .i. neart, O'Cl. Cf. athbath.

n (cf. 2 serb , 2 serbad): aursearbach .i. gat no mugad stealing or destroying, O'Curry 123 (H 3.18, p. 74c). aurserba .i. gat nó mugud, O'Mulc. 109 .

n (balb)

(a) silences, stills; strikes dumb: rosbalb rosberb . . . / salchur serb na sen-nathrach (of the river Berbae), Metr. Dinds. ii 62.7 . mar bhalbair in ngaoth ngeimrid, O'Gr. Cat. 412.6 = mar bhalbhthair an gh., TD 15.50 . Cf. KMMisc. 168 § 2. do bhalbhuigheadh an ceól, Oss. vi 46.13 . ar bhalbh oighreadh d'fhuighlibh cuain those of the harbour-voices that the ice has stilled, DDána 110.45 . a Í Bhriain bhalbhas tonna, 80.19 . gur balbhuigheadh uime sin é he was struck dumb (as the result of a curse), 23 E 26, 272.x . mac G. . . . / fraech borbthuinde balbus, Studies 1920, 419.2 . do balbhuigheadh bréig-dhealbha an domhain an tan rugadh Críost, Keat. i 100.17 .

(b) falls silent: do bhalbhuigh cláirseach bhláithgheal Éireann, O'Rah. 152.96.

n o, m. See GOI § 80 , § 150 , § 279 . brat m. d s. brut, brot, IGT Decl. § 75. cloak, mantle , see Windisch, IT ii1 214.91 , Shaw, Ériu xvi 200 f . brat a bratio (Lat. brattea) ōn dulind libuir ar a cosmailes diblīnaib. Nō breō .i. tene ar fuit é, Corm. Y 164. brat graece brath in lamminas a tenuitate (βρατυν lamina, Etym. xvi 18.2 , ed. Lindsay), O'Mulc. 126. lend .i. . . . lō find .i. ainm do brut find, Corm. Y 837. brat .i. ba ar fuit .i. ar fuacht, O'Dav. 289. brael .i. brat, Goid. 75 § 30 (Dúil Laithne). amal immetimcheltar nech hua brot gl. sicut pallio amictus, Ml. 121a1 . trisin mbrat find gl. pallio . . . albo, Tur. 55. lenn no brat formtha gl. sagana (sic), Sg. 51b9 . triasin mbrat = clamidem, Lat. Lives 88 § 82. brat forptha `overcoat´ Études Celt. xxii 223 . i lleth a broitt = truncatus habitus, ibid. ticfa tailcend . . . / a b.¤ tollcend his (Patrick's) mantle with a hole at the top, Trip.² 340. atchiu form brat (brot, v.l.) brodrad nais `I see on my cloak the stains of age', Lament 25 . conidtuil L. for a brut `L. slept upon his cloak', Mon. Tall. 155.10 . brat cas corcra fo loí chaín a woven crimson cloak of smooth fleece, BDD² 6. asa brotsom, TBC-I¹ 503. co n-accai in mnaí bruit úani chucai, LU 3336 ( SCC 13 ). brat corcra, Cóir Anm. 55. bruitt forglassa uli impu, TBC-LL¹ 177. brat d'olainn oenchoerach, SG 80.34 . a beand imle bruít dar broind in balbduine, BB 295b25 . isin brut (brot, v.l.) caem corrtharach, TTebe 2437 . cēd brat, cēd matal mōirdhes (items of tribute), ZCP viii 116 § 2. do luigh fa a brat (: mac), DDána 26.31 . i mbrataib loma out at elbows, O'Gr. Cat. 482.13. an chloch uassal ro buī ag comdūnadh a bruit (of a Pope), Fl. Earls 172.29 . triar i mbrataibh bráthardha `in monks' habit', Aithd. D. 75.21 . With qualifying words. b.¤ co n-auib, i forcipul, i filliud, b.¤ luascach, see Shaw, loc. cit. and 3 ó, forcipol, filliud, lúascach.

In more general application covering, cover; cloth, etc. (lit. and fig.): imbet bruit ┐ bīdh food and clothing, Anecd. v 25.4 . ni biad tacha broit na biid ann co brath no scarcity of clothing or food, Goid. 104.8 (Lib. Hymn.). tarla in gaeth [i]na ndiaidh isin bhrut `sail', Lism. L. 2083. bratgal na mbrat siúil risna bennaib, LL 32230 `of the sails', TTr. 1420. co mbrut find `with . . . a white sheet' (of scaring oxen), Laws iii 270.20 Comm. ni coir fo brataib fer forinnet coemdai (of bedclothes), Laws v 132 n. 2 . roir dom . . . .x. mbrait (mbroit, mbrata, v.ll.) mbreccphupaill, Ériu ii 4.16 . bruit derga nó bruit loi .i. pill nó echdhíllat, ib. n. 71 . bruit luaidhe umpu wrappings of lead around them (of defensive spikes), CCath. 192. in brat uair nach nighter `the cloth', Laws i 176.9 Comm. brat roinnte an teampoill = the veil, Matthew xxvii 51. ailiff . . . ar ar n-a himfholach do bratoip saitīn ┐ sīoda hangings, Fl. Earls 172.24 . múir na cathrach . . . d'fholach do bhrataibh dubha, TSh. 5597. le brataibh `with flags', O'Rah. 198.z .

In pl. braitt beca: is air nohailtea iat asa mbratuibh beca `from their swaddling-clothes', Marco P. 36. Cf. ina becbrataib, Blathm. 34.

Fig. in brat uane `the cloak of green' (of new grass, etc.), Lament 21 . a brat líg (of a place), LL 7226 (Hail Brigit 20). brat geal re headh an Faíligh, IGT Decl. ex. 810 . im-rualaid b.¤ dar grēin `has drawn a cloak across the sun' (of a disaster), Ériu xx 194 § 14. b.¤ in aeoir fhuasnadaig, PH 8160. fai bhrat a ccré `under cover in clay', IT ii2 116. 14 . do thréig a brat clúmha an choill / brat ar mac Úna a ḟochaind a shroud on U.'s son, IGT Decl. ex. 1261. fada do bhádur fa bhrut `in obscurity', O'Hara 1189. ar cóir nDé go ndeachaidh brat, DDána 15.9 . sochaide ḟāgbus a brat / icon cōicait imchomarcc (i.e. will be baffled by or work hard at the fifty problems ?), ZCP iv 235.2 . bidh a cin for a lepuidh, bruit, ┐ biud responsibility for his crime is incurred by the harbourer who provides him with clothing and food (?), Laws iv 240.8 .

Other applications: hi ṁbrot glass `in a gray mantle' (of bird's plumage), Thes. ii 290.9 . da ndeach cum na sul . . . faguid brat orro (= tela, Vocab.), Rosa Angl. 310.3 . a cur fó na súilibh ┐ scaoilidh a mbrait ┐ a salchar ` webs ', O'Gr. Cat. 226.28. do thuiteadar na bruit bhí ar a shúilibh = squamae ( Acts ix 18 ), Eochairsg. 85.10 . lind serb do bratoib cuilend `of leaves of holly' (Index), O'Mulc. 815. In phr. bratt boinne placenta : is amlaidh sin gabus in lenam siubal ona teghais .i. on brat boinne, Irish Texts v 38.4 . cinnus is coir in brat boinne d'innarbad da roib fostad air deis in leinim do breith, Irish Texts v 40 § 22 . cuir grainne spuirsi no eorna a n-aigid gacha bliadhna annsa brat boinne, Irish Texts v 36.11 . ? ar is innte fo-gebed a sháith min-arāin; ┐ no bíd ┐ bratt boinni odarda imme, MacCongl.² 21.644 .

Compds. With adjj. caladh B. bhinn bhratduinn `brown-clothed harbours', RC xlix 173 § 28. tar muir mbraitfhinn ` white-cloaked ', Ir. Review 1913, 623 § 4 . fo chír blonci bratgile `of white-mantling lard', MacCongl. 37.34 . M. meic B. bratmhais, ZCP viii 218.z . os Banba bratrúaid ` ruddy-vestured ', MacCarthy 156 § 5 . ingen B. brat-ṡolois ` bright-robed ', Metr. Dinds. ii 78.2 . in ben bratthūaine ` green-cloaked ', ZCP viii 268 § 48. With subst. In follg. with semantic infection of bra lín: sínte a mbratlín (of the burial of Christ) linen cloth, Parrth. Anma 4332. bradlín, 5586 . See 2 blaí, brotbla. breathnas .i. dealg. ó bhratnasc tig, O'Cl. in brat-nellgal oeingheal (of chalk from shields), CCath. 5874 .

f. Vn. of ciïd. Indecl. ? g s. not attested, see GOI 454 . caí (on ghul) f., IGT Decl. § 99 . caei, Verbs § 33 . act of weeping; wailing, lamentation : cāi .i. cāined i.e. cindod graece, lamentatio laitine , Corm. Y 232 . coe graece .i. m[a]eror , O'Mulc. 237 . lamentum .i. c.¤ , Ir. Gl. 770 . cumha, caoi, triabhuin etc., Eg. Gl. 134 . ag coe ┐ ag dograe, Anecd. i 12.6 ( SCano 371 ). fecais ind cendaig for qúi `began to weep', Mon. Tall. 150.31 (§ 61) . mo thasi for coí being lamented, LU 9975 (or to be refd. to cáe ?). conid apthatar . . . la coí ┐ torsi, TBFr. 107 . co ṅgul co goe, SR 2078 . do rurmis dam brón fo chái, IT i 80.2 (LMU). not-cuireb fo cúi, Dinds. 21 ( RC xv 319 ). ní chumsantaís di chui, LU 1769 . foichlig caoí, Ériu xiii 25.11 . a ffaicsin is fáth caeidhe, IT ii2 148.4 . in cae ro canad in chlaim `the leper's lamentation', RC xxiv 48 § 6 . domebaid a chai ar A. `burst into weeping', TTebe 1248 . oc cói ┐ oc deprecóit ar na hainimib bít a niffernd, PH 6388 . na síona dá gcaoi, DDána 110.49 . éigean a mían dá gach mnaí / srían na cáoi do léigeadh lé, IGT Decl. ex. 1787 . ag caoi na ndeor `shedding tears', O'Rah. 14.3 . In figura etymologica: rochísit cáoi serb , BColm. 96.6 . cíis cóe foeilti, 16.13 . gul Gaillsighe ar gcall Gaill / ag sin an caoi nach gcaoinfinn, Dánfhocail 271 . do-gní c.¤ weeps : do-gní coí ┐ tuirsi, MU² 174 . doróni cói ┐ lamchomart fora lighe, TTr.² 1715 . bígidh ag cáoi maráon ris an muinntir dho ní cáoi, Romans xii 15 . oc c.¤ FRI: feccaid in ben . . . ic coí fri Mael F. complaining to, Fing. R. 47 . tainic C. corabi ic coí fri Patraic making an outcry against, Trip.² 1155 ( robói hic aithisiugud P., Lat. Lives 27 § 22 ). oc coí ri demun rosdáer, Metr. Dinds. iv 20.31 .

Compds.: bean . . . / ar chígh chúain dá chaoifhéchuin weeping and watching, IGT Introd. 23.4 . atbail náidhenán de náire / cáigherán oc Sláine sein, SG 36.z . ? ro gab a chuideran (caidherana, v.l.) noeidean, TTebe 92 . mēruidh a coisscēlu cīan / cēn mērus soiscēla slān (of Mary Magdalen), ZCP x 47.2 .

adj i (cf. cíabair) Sometimes also cíamail (cf. variants dermár, dermáil and Wortk. 11 ). sad, gloomy, thoughtful , etc. Of persons: etla .i. ciamail (of a saint), Fél.² xxx.x . Césair ciamair, Gorm. Nov. 1 . biaidh sí ciamhair cumhach, Dánta Gr. 49.15 . flaith Cró nár chiamair cabhlach `who had great fleets' (of Fráech), Celtica ii 159 § 8 (whose fleet was not sad?). dream chúmhachtach chiamhair `mysterious', Atlantis iv 124.34 . In other applications: ba bronach . . . ciamair geranach in t-imscaradh sin, Aen. 1213 . Glais Cró . . . doigh ro bo chiamhair do cru ┐ d'ḟuil murky (a stream), TBC-LL¹ p. 337 n. 3 . ochna . . . ciamra toirsecha, LB 140b58 . relec Cruachna ciamaire, Manners and Customs iii 530.15 . cíamhair do c[h]lú, Celt. Rev. iv 20.29 .

Adv. co ciamail toirrsech, Acall. 4916 v.l. co serb . . . ciamair, PH 407 .

COMPD. tria ḟagaib na crand ciaburderg dark red, LL 24903 .

v later also caí(d)id. Early forms. Indic. pres. 2 s. cíi, RC xii 60.25 . 3 s. ciid, LU 10960 . cīit[h], ZCP viii 311.29 . coiid, PH 591 . rel. cías, (disyll.), Fél. Ep. 350 . ZCP viii 311.28 . cīaas, 198.14 . 3 pl. ciit, Anecd. i 59 § 77 . cíit, Ériu ii 194 § 9 . —chiat, Wb. 10b6 . -ciat, LL 13853 . Ipv. 2 s. cíi, LU 10964 . c, Imr. Brain 47.6 . 3 s. cíad, Ériu iii 98 § 11 . Subj. pres. 3 s. ? ce (cen, v.l.) chīe (disyll.), Corm. Y 419 . -cia, Fél.² clxx 13 . nochia, ZCP i 457.8 . 3 pl. ? cíad, O'Cl. Impf. 3 s. no chiad , SR 8018 . 3 pl. ní cetis , Wb. 10b6 (see GOI 386 ). fut. 1 s. ciche, Blathm. 589 . 1 pl. rel. cichme, LL 13833 n. 3 pl. cichit, LU 10396 . ? Condit. 3 pl. cichtis, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 10.1 . Pret. and perf. 3 s. [cí]ch, Ml. 16c11 (see Thes. i 716 n. ). cích, LU 10964 (see GOI 428 ). rochich, BDD 106 v.l. RC xvii 188.y . co cich , Corp. Gen. 71.4 v.l. ciich, RC xii 60 § 18 . cichis, O'Cl. 3 pl. ro-chīchet, BDC 142.623​ . Pass. 3 s. nochiad, Metr. Dinds. iii 200.3 v.l. Later with s-pret. and f-future.

Vn. caí. IGT Verbs § 33 .

I Intrans. cries, weeps, laments : ro chí (ro chich, v.l.) Fer R., BDD 92 . cidh do dainib domain che / . . . na cifitis co cái cnet / tracht is loch o rociset, KMMisc. 152. 67 - 8 . a maccáin ná cí, LL 18483 quoted O'Cl. s.v. cí .i. caoi no gul. sini .i. sním ut est cíi nech níthsine, Ériu xiii 55 § 22 . sniit, ciit, golait, Anecd. i 59 § 77 . cid ma cidii (cini, v.l. Gl.) why are you weeping? TTebe 1249 . oighre Dé fá thrí a ttalamh / do chí sé dar slánughadh thrice wept when redeeming us, IGT Verbs ex. 329 . do chaoidhis dom láthair, TSh. 6093 . With adv. dat.: cach rosc atconnairc no ciad frassaib fola (of death of Cú Chulainn), LL 14279 . Of weeping or shouting for joy: ro chisset ar morḟailti (of sons of Jacob, cf. Gen. xlv), SR 3640 .

With prep. c.¤ for, fri cries to, at: Patraic . . . ro chí fora muime, Trip.² 115 `cried to his fostermother', Trip. 10 . rochi friu ┐ rospocc (of Clothru and brothers), BB 395a3 . cīid fri Dīa, ZCP iii 30.12 . ro chaiestair a pheacta fri Dia, AFM vi 2218.10 .

II Trans. weeps for, bewails : ni ciat súli ní nach aiccet (proverb), LL 13853 . cīit[h] . . . breth ruc in rī, ZCP viii 311.29 . caīfid A. . . . sin, Ériu xviii 58 § 5 .

With personal object mourns, weeps for: ní chí ceand ó Maine mhnaei, IGT Verbs ex. 324 . Of weeping in repentance: tidhnaic . . . aithricche dīchrae co rocīer (rocíur, v.l.) co serb cech sār, Otia ii 99.6 . ar cach ōin ro-chī / a chin, ACL iii 232 § 6 . caoi do cheana `peccata tua luge', TSh. 6781 .

In figura etymol.: in cói chías mo laíches, Ériu xx 196 § 24 . rochísit cáoi serb ina fīadnaisi, BColm. 96.5 . With dér: cach dér no cíthe co bráth, 14277 . rochāidhestar frasa dīana dēr, ZCP xiii 167.28 .

n io [m., Críth Gabl.]. Cf. .x. c.¤ glossed saincenel claidibh, Ériu ii 3.12 . Also ca-, cu-. ?n s. in choro , Ériu v 40.1 . a p. coireadha, SG 28.12 . g p. chorae, LU 7425 . d p. ós choireadhaibh , O'R. Poems 185 . Cf. ZCP xxix 378 .

Cauldron, pot : c.¤ gl. hoc caldarium, Ir. Gl. 724 . imdell . . . itir c.¤ ┐ dabaig, O'Mulc. 740 . c.¤ .i. cōi ūire .i. úr cach n-om, Corm. Y 399 . na seacht core, Anecd. i 11.2 ( SCano 331 ). in c.¤ do bruith na n-om, LL 38339 ( SG 371. 2 ). dabach ┐ c.¤ on flaith fri dénam fleidi, O'D. 521 ( H 3.17, 423 ). core co neim, LU 7714 ( BDD 129 ). caire umai hi talla(i) torcc, Críth G. 197 . c.¤ cona inbiur(b), 174 . bla c.¤ combruth, Laws iii 266.3 . ní tuccad a chairi do thenid (of cauldron of Da Derga), LU 7771 ( BDD 133 ). fo drolmaig is fo ch.¤ , Ériu iv 98 § 26 . escraib cornaib caírib dabchaib deilg, IT iii 30.9 ( BB 301b40 ). teni fo a choiriu, Fing. R. 473 . coiri cæcdhuirnn, IT iii 187 § 8 . caire, losat ┐ criathar, Laws i 122.13 . in lind i c.¤ toll (prov.), Ériu ix 45 § 3 . díoth cruidh c.¤ Tomás `devourers of wealth are the cauldrons of T.', Magauran 3524 . maith an chuire 's a chéad torc (: duine), DDána 42.42 .

With added description of size, value etc. (see Thurn. ZCP xiv 358 ; Hull xviii 296 n.4 ) (where name of an animal follows it is uncertain whether this indicates value or size, but cf. Críth G. 197 cited above): caire Iulaice lan do lemnacht, ZCP xiv 356.1 ( Laws ii 254.2 .i. is fiu lulgaid, 15 ). méit chori cholbthaige, LU 6952 ( BDD 58 ). commeit chori cholbthaigi, 3262 ( SCC 5 ). ba mmóir choire ṅ-darta `kettle of a heifer', ZCP xviii 296.5 . coire cert ocht fichet torc (in house of Mac Ind Óc), viii 108.16 . Of an ordeal: in caire fira cauldron of testing, Laws v 472.22 Comm. fir fora nascar fir caire `test of the caldron', i 194.23 . Cori Fir, IT iii 188 § 11 . naidm caire chombrothaigh, Ériu xiii 34.15 . cranncor sceo caire cainndlige . . . an caire ada do reir coir, in c.¤ fira, O'Curry 2587 ( Eg. 88, 49(50)d ). ? Cf. gabhthar geall . . . / re cnáimh c.¤ , DDána 111.25 . Of collecting-pot of poets: c.¤ acu .i. coiri gacha clére díb. Coire Sainti a ainm, RC xx 422.14 - 6 . C.¤ ainsic see ainsic. c.¤ amaite, see ammait. c.¤ féile cauldron of plenty : boí c.¤ fēile la Laigniu, Buchat a ainm (applied to person), Fing. R. 472 = brughaidh . . . do choimhéadadh c.¤ féile ar theinidh, Keat. ii 4683 . in caire flatha `regal cauldron', MR 50.9 . Of mythical Cauldron of Plenty: coiri an Dagdai, RC xii 58.1 .

Whirlpool : cuire cróderg cubrach (of bloody river), Fianaig. 90.20 . rosbaidh coiri serb na sín (of Coire Breccáin), Ériu x 80 § 43 . imchore nandrúagh, IT iii 46 § 73 . caire cuairt-bill `whirl-pool', Laws v 298.17 Comm. In n. loc. C.¤ mBreccáin, Dinds. 145 . C.¤ Brecāin, Corm. Y 323 . Murchad M. / . . . / ērge C.¤ / Breccāin `who rises like B.'s . . . whirlpool', Misc. Hib. 46.5 ( BB 289b49 ). Cf. Reeves Ad. 29 n. Coire mBrecain, Dinds. 145 ( RC xvi 157 ).

Fig. gainitir tri coiri i cach duiniu .i. Coire Goriath ┐ Coire Érmai ┐ Coire Sois 'three cauldrons are generated in every person, i.e. the Cauldron of Goiriath and the Cauldron of Érmae and the Cauldron of Knowledge', Ériu xxxii 64 § 4 . trí coiri bíte in cach dúini: coire érma, coire goriath, coire áiged, Triads 127 .

n ( serb(f)óntaid, -aige) fellow-servant : duine dhá chomhṡearbhfhoghantuidhibh, Matthew xviii 28 .

n o, m. (wood of the) holly-tree: cum cuspinio . . . .i. cuilen, Thes. ii 234.9 . .ix. mbera culind, LU 5727 . gonit coin cuilinn caiss, Four Songs 20 § 5 . corran buana eidainn no cuilinn, Laws i 140.9 Comm. Numbered among the airigh feada, iv 146.21 Comm. Auraic. 1153 . lend . . . / na gaib culend no craebrad `spike of holly', Metr. Dinds. iv 330.10 ( LL 26164 ). do cuiredar cuilend athorbai iṅ gabol Chuanach conatarla faen, Mór M. 10 . quert in ogaim quulend isin caill no cairthend no crithach q of the Ogam alphabet represents holly or rowan or aspen, Auraic. 5520 . is cuileand in tres fidh roith in carbait one of the three types of wood used in chariot wheels, 1181 . [cui]lenn loisc a úr / c.¤ loisc a críon, / gach crann ar bith becht / c.¤ as dech díob, SG 245.36 . culend .i. gu-lenis .i. nemshlemon, O'Mulc. 260 . lind serb do bratoib cuilend, 815 (cf. ZCP ix 167.21 ). ága culind holly post, Airne F. 165 . grúmha chagnumha in chuilinn, IGT Decl. ex. 1273 . ? rainic gusan fidh . . . a rabhadar na coin cuilind `the Coin-cuilind', Ériu iii 166 § 22 . an fidh dorcha cona conaibh cuilind, 168 § 24 .

In nn. loc. do Chuiliund ciar (? leg. Ciar) dar Crecca, LL 26490 . ? etir Chuillind Móir ┐ Chuillind Bicc, BColm. 46.7 . a Cnodbu, a Cuillind, a hAilbiu, Ériu iv 150.1 .

Compd. cuilennbócc cẏnos graece hircus latine gl. cynyps, Sg. 125a7 . culennbocc, Thes. ii 227.24 (PCr.). Caislén na Cuilenntraighe, AFM ii 1116.6 (deriv. not compd. ?). taoiseach na Cuileanntraighe, 1120.5 .

n [iā, f.], in later lang. also n, f. (con + 1 or 2 techt) g p. chutechtad, LL 31950 ( TTr. 1136 ). cuidechta f., IGT Decl. § 8 . company, band, troop, following, retinue; accompaniment, companionship, society : in tan tanic c.¤ Dé ara chend .i. aingil Dé, LU 633 ( ACC 21 ). ni tuc coimmit na cuidechta na cumtach, Laud 610, 25a , cited Plummer MS notes. oc . . . marbad na cuitechtai, Trip.² 2614 = transeuntes hospites, Lat. Lives 12 § 9 . co[b] croderci cutechta (rhet.), BDD 69 Appendix (395.3) . tosach na cuidechta arint ṡligid, Mer. Uil.² 185 . mór mbuiden ┐ c.¤ tancatar, TTr.² 636 . do íar cuidechta leis chum a ghabhala (= cohors, Gloss.), Smaointe B. Chr. 3350 . gur bó cédach ceithernach an chuideachta sin, AFM vi 1764.6 . le na chuideachtuin mhóir = company, Ezekiel xvii 17 . ní dechaidh as dia cuidechtain acht Sir G. ┐ Sir G., ZCP vi 72.12 . sibh as ceann don chuideachda, IGT Decl. ex. 856 . c.¤ shaigdiūir `company', Fl. Earls 96.16 . trī hūi Baīscni / buadach cuitechta, Corp. Gen. 22.8 ( Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 20.24 ). dofil do óicc ndroichberrtha. duabhair cuidechta, Ériu xiii 44.20 . cuitechta serb séitchidhe `partnership', Leb. Cert.² 160.21 . créad fá gcoigealta an corp dúr / olc i n-úr coideachta chríon `the rotting things with it in the earth', Dán Dé xxix 7 . ar son na cuideachtan on account of the public, TSh. 9043 . a chuideachta ┐ a chomhluadar do sheachna, Párl. na mB. 1781 . an chuidechta chláonus óna n-aithentaibh = those who decline frō . . . , RSClára 45b . dorala oen óclach in a cuidechta for an sligid = in comitatu, Lat. Lives 104 § 101 . annbhur cuideachtain with you, Atlantis iv 212.2 . maille le grásaibh Dé 'na ccuideachta, Beatha S. F. 1081 . fionnbharr . . . / dá dtiobhram cuideachta, DDána 70.22 . a ccur i ccuidechta chnesda = that they be accompanyed with, etc., RSClára 90b . ? Attrib. g s.: cona coitreabh cuitechta, BB 259a10 .

ind mid medb a bélaib debend : lind serb do bratoib cuilend, O'Mulc. 815 = debbend, ZCP ix 167. 21 .

adj io,iā unsoured, unleavened: n p. deserbdi gl. azymi, Wb. 9b12 . See 1 serb .

adj eager, fervent, zealous, vehement (in both good and bad sense): dochotar inna n-ailithre. Ba dichra ┐ ba cridechair dochoas and, LL 283a15 . d.¤ in mod (cheville), 200b33 . ba d.¤ in comrád, 203a11 ( Ériu v 221 ). dogniat aithrige ndichra, RC iv 250 ( LU 2382 ). gabaid oc aithrige d.¤ , PH 814 . guide dichra Dhē, ZCP vi 266 . dorigne ernaigthe nd.¤ co Dia, PH 8047 . maille re húrnaigthib diochra, SG 15 . āilme itge nd.¤ , Fél. Jan. 10 (LB). dorighne foglaim d.¤ (dichai, MS.), SG 47 . tucsat grád d.¤ d'aroile, 60 . grādh d.¤ dofuluing, ZCP vi 25 . in mac . . . ba d.¤ serc ┐ annsacht lē `whom she loved best', Fl. Earls 124 . tairbiris teora póc ndil nd.¤ dho, Acall. 3663 . frosa dér nd.¤ , TTr.² 1577 . srotha díochra déar, TSh. 4027 . ar shilleadh díochra na súl, Dánta Gr. (1st ed.) x 10 . In wider sense, also of inanimate objects: galar díochra dofhuilngte, O'Gr. Cat. 616 . díochra an lén, Rel. Celt. ii 220 . na treinnsighe talman ┐ na daingnidhe dichra strong fortresses, Fl. Earls 30 . go privilēid ndermháir nd.¤ , 112 . Of persons: a chomalta dil d.¤ fodeisin, TBC-I¹ 2317 . Dellbaeth d.¤ , LL 11a10 . Davit diocra, Cog. 204 . a ingen dichra dobuidech (addressed to the body) importunate , ACL iii 234 . cona sluag d.¤ dána, SR 7343 . ina ndlúmaib dicra (of soldiers), MR 222 . is d.¤ limm: narbo díchrai ind pendaid léu that they were not in earnest in their penance, Mon. Tall. § 23 . is lugha is dichra lais urail na hingine `he is less anxious to . . .', Laws iv 64 (Comm.). As subst.: dichra fedma `earnestness of effort', CRR 38 . dáil go ndiogra, ib. p. 90 . Adv. co dícra , LU 2304 . coiid co tromm-d.¤ , PH 591 . rochíset co serb ┐ co d.¤ , 186 . easccaínidh go diochra Maolmuadh, Cog. 92 . do chreidset co d.¤ do Dhia, SG 30 . doraga mo brathair co d.¤ dom cháiniud, ZCP iii 3 . ferthar iomairecc co diochra duthrachtach, AFM iv 750 . aga ttegasg go díochra 'strictly' Ériu xv 80 (86b) (Supplement 38). Compar. with DE: ionnus gurab diochraide ar bhfeidhm lé chéile sin that we may act together with the greater earnestness, Keat. iii 4425 .

v (*to-bong-, * -beg-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 460 , 477 ). Indic. pres. 3 s. do-boing, ni tobuing , Laws i 86 n. 3 pl. -toibget, Laws v 254.2 . (with perfective -ro-) na torbongat , ZCP xiii 29.31 . Ipv. 2 s. toboing, Fing. R. 907 . Subj. pres. 2 s. (with -ro-) forna turbais, Laws i 86 n. na torbais , ZCP xiii 21.28 . 3 s. dobo, O'Dav. 687 . co toib (MS toip), Ériu lvii 156 . (with -ro-) dia toirb, xx 166.58 . 3 pl. dobosat, O'Dav. 686 . (with perf. -com-) cona tochmat , 378 . Fut. 1 s. dobibus-sa, Three Hom. 52 . 3 pl. dombibsat, O'Curry 779 ( H 3.18 365b ). Pret. and perf. 3 s. topaig, Corm. Y 1018 . co tóerbaig , FB § 86 (torbaig, Eg.). (with perfective -com-) dochumbaig: tochumbaig, Laws ii 352.5 . In sense (a) below the form tópacht (really a pass., Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 378 , 477 ) is commonly used (-ó- usually marked long in MSS.). Pass pres. s. do-bongar, Críth G. 60 . ni tobongar , Laws ii 272. 3 Comm. pl. dobongatar, Laws ii 122.17 . Subj. pres. dobosar, Laws ii 88.6 . dobostar, v 464.21 . With perf. -com-, tochmastar, O'Dav. 1550 ( Ériu xiii 13.27 ). Fut. dobibustar .i. toibhghistar, O'Curry 1476 ( H 3.18 653 ). Pret. and perf. s. topacht (see above), LL 200b26 . pl. docombachta, O'Dav. 30 . Vn. tobach.

Later as simple vb. toibgid, tobaigid. IGT Verbs § 52 .

(a) plucks, wrests, tears (away); breaks, strikes (off, away): tobuing dlai dam cut (pluck?) me a wisp, Hib. Min. 72.17 ( Fing. R. 907 ). rorigi a láim corrici ina cróes co tóerbaig a cride este tore out its heart, FB § 86 . tópacht in claideb assa intig, TBC-LL¹ 2870 . con-tópacht in corthe clochi a talmain tore the stone pillar from the ground, 1984 . ó thópacht aicce in chaill chain | cona fremaib as talmain, LL 200b26 . topacht in grainne ass the grain was cut (taken?) out, ZCP ii 135 § 10 . co topacht a chend de struck off his head, FB § 77 . ragat-sa . . . co topachtur a chend de, LU 6008 (TBC). co topacht bil a scéith féin a chend de Sualtam, TBC-LL¹ 4747 . topach (doben, St.) a fholt o chúl có étan de, 1890 . tópacht cétbunni darach d'oenbéim, 563 . topacht a thul dia thargu, Metr. Dinds. ii 130 . is lé topacht in lathe ṁbuana by her the reaping was done, Fél. p. 56 .

(b) breaks: dibibsigter (= dobibsatar?) tige houses will be destroyed (?), IT iii 551 = dobrisfiter, TFerbe 206 . is e in clethe-sin dobibuir hit étan iar do chlaidbiud do Allmarchaib which will be broken on thy brow (?), LB 260b31 , cf. YBL 136a31 . Intrans. (?): dochombuich mo chorc-sa thall (.i. dobris mo craide-si astigh), ZCP v 487 (B. na f.).

(c) exacts, wrests (someth. fr. someone), usually with notion of force; and esp. exacts, levies, recovers (a fine or tribute); with accus. of thing and DE (occasionally FOR or FRI) of pers.: do thabhuigh exacted, Eg. Gl. 588 . doboing bretha dín `deprives us of justice', RC xvii 143.19 (Tig.). teid an fiach-so do neuch dib dodboing, Anecd. iii 22 . trían as don ardríg dondboing, Ériu i 214 . nach logait nach ni dia fiachaib acht toibgit iat o bicc co mor, PH 4333 . biathad cach óin tobó fiachu in[n]a cānae . . . intan dombongatar, Cáin Ad. § 48 . dobibus-sa (.i. toibegait) mo thindscra dhít, Three Hom. 52 . gach aón . . . thoibhéobhus mo chíoscháin, Ériu v 100 . in ticfa nech to ibechus mo chuarta? who will levy my tributes?, Fen. 170 . cet ngiall as cach oen coicedh | rothobaigh Niall ní, AU 763 (poem). rotobhaigh cís cecha cinidh, CCath. 126 . isi seo in eraic do thabaid Tuathal 'na ingenaib .i. boroma, Lec. 593b40 . rathobgiset in mBoroma, RC xiii 94 § 121 . secht nairlenga . . . na tochmastar dliged tairsib, O'D. 655 ( H 3.17 502 ) `so that law cannot be exacted in their despite', Plummer MS. notes. tocombaig a ṡlán ara ḟornert `he is able to enforce his compensation', Críth G. 414 and n. cach dichmairc . . . is cona dire dobongar, Laws ii 352 . mad a cirt dobostar de if it is by right claimed from him, v 464 Comm. ni tobungaur dia comhurbuib iar n-ecuibh it is not recoverable from his heirs, ii 274 . fa ma dalbach di na tobngar díre n-ainech, ACL iii 294 § 7 . nír taibged a hēntīr riam [ar] tinólset `never had there been levied from one country' (carried off), RC xviii 174 . ase fiach rotoibhgheadh ann, AFM ii 1142 (1161) . is cumai fiach neich doci ┐ nad aidbri ┐ nad thobaing (dobuing, v.l.) fri neuch cullius soiri an domnaig does not exact (the penalty ?), Anecd. iii 22 . acht cidh tochmastar fri ferba filed .i. acht a[n]ni toibges an fili asa briathraib, O'Dav. 1550 ( Ériu xiii 13.27 ). ní tobuing nech for na tobungar no person can levy who is not subject to levy, Laws i 86 n. in tí dia tidnaic in Coimdiu imarccraid a móine . . . toibéchar fair co serb . . . o Día, PH 4112 . do thabaigh se a tigerntus aran imperi dó, ZCP vi 289 . With preposition ó obj.: doberthar dígal fhola Crist fort ┐ taibeochthar co serb uait hí, LB 222b22 . In wider sense: muna thuga duit a inghen ar ais, tobaigh ar eigin hi, Aen. 1681 . dūss in ruirmemis a lín | int sluaigh doboing bretha dín the host that deprives us of judgements, RC xvii 143 . rothoibge a coibsena thou shalt exact their confessions, ACL iii 316 § 41 . orait d'Aodh Ruadh do tobaigh co foregnac an leabar so ar Chonnachtaib, LU 2775 (scribal note). Hui Choirpri . . . ni rucsat orbe conid torbaing Dau Iarlathe ar écin, Anecd. iii 62 . taibhghedh om chat mo dreollán let him recover my wren from my cat, BCC § 118 . tochombaig Ciannacht cianbruige C. took possession of distant farms, Laws iv 8 ( .i. rotoibgestar, 28 Comm. ). is luath toibgit na sofir a ferann tresin techtugad so, 2.6 Comm. (gl. on: tocombachtnaib sealb saerteallaigh, cf. O'Dav. 303 ). In fig. sense: días do thobhoigh grádh dá ngaois two who inspired love, Studies 1920, 262 § 3 . do thabhaigh clú d'Íbh Carrthoigh who won fame for, 3 C 12, 425.6 . do thabhaig deóir óm dheirc wrung tears from, 393.10 . For further exx. see Gadelica 72 .

Note also: rem riagail is beacht do boing with my rule (i.e. computation) it tallies (?) exactly , Lec. 363b18 (see 2 do-ben).