prep. with dat., geminating
out of, from
. In O.Ir. glosses
frequ. á (see
Celtica ii 239
-
40
). See
GOI § 834
. The
usual form before nouns is a:
a corin[tib],
Wb. 7c18
.
a ppecad,
3b3
.
a persin,
4c23
.
a rrath,
12a7
.
a rrangabáil,
Sg. 196b5
.
a
llatin,
Ml. 3a15
.
a mmedón,
Tur. 72
.
á óensonaib,
Wb. 12a10
.
In later lang. also as(s):
as talomh,
Fl. Earls 112.29
.
as Éirinn,
Rel. Celt. ii 182.13
(see
Desid. xxxiv
). Before proclitics as(s).
With article:
assin folud,
Wb. 9c10
.
asind óinrainn,
Sg.
197a17
.
as tír,
BDD² 435
.
as tig,
544
. Note also:
as cech
ṡét,
Thes. ii 320.3
.
With poss. adj. 1 s.
as mo chuimriug,
Wb. 23b7
. 2 s.
as do,
Sc.M² 11
.
ast,
12
. 3 s.
assa,
Wb. 2c7
.
20d13
.
asa,
25d16
.
1 pl.
asar,
Wb. 15c24
. 2 pl.
as for,
LU 8551
(H) (
FB 41
). 3 pl.
assa,
MU² 276
.
asa,
390
.
With suffixed pron. 1 s.
asum,
ZCP vi 285.8
. 2 s.
essiut,
RC xiv 188.z
. 3 s. m. and n.
ass,
Wb. 29b15
.
as,
Ml. 36c20
.
es,
RC xxv 346 § 2
. 3 s. f.
essi,
Ml. 85c14
.
esse,
113d2
,
131c14
.
eissi,
Sg. 196b2
.
esti,
PH 197
.
eisti,
BDD² 1405
.
este,
ZCP vi
81.4
.
aiste,
TSh. 4477
. 3 pl.
essib,
Wb. 12a10
,
b23
.
Ml. 87b18
.
eissib,
Sg. 190a1
.
esib,
51b11
.
estib,
PH 2878
.
eistib,
ML² 1478
.
asta,
TSh. 2791
.
With rel. as(s)a n-:
asatoróimed,
Wb. 11a19
. See
GOI § 834
,
IGT Introd. § 100 (25.12)
.
I
Expressing motion, out of, from:
oc techiud a rroí,
Críth G. 539
.
co rróimid topar husci ass,
Trip.² 93
. fuil
totmad (leg. totma(e)?) a crann a wound sustained in falling
from a tree,
Laws v 362.z
. in ti bis for imrama a inad d'inad
from place to place,
Laws iv 36.12 Comm.
coillti an talman do
thuitim as a premaibh will be uprooted,
RC xxviii 312 § 9
.
luid fer a cath,
BColm. 94.15
. facbuid-si asin tir-si leave this
land,
RC xiv 56 § 69
.
na fuirighedh a Temraig ach imthiged
asti co hobann,
Ériu iii 170 § 29
. co cuala géim bó ic tiachtain
al-loch Ṡithgail `out of Loch S.',
Dinds. 155
(
RC xvi 270
).
rosái assen dia thigh,
RC xviii 184.28
.
atracht focétóir in
marb a bás,
RC ii 390 z
. no ássad bolgg corcra assa etun a
purple blister would grow out of his forehead,
Ériu iv 32.3
.
With impers. vb. ní thig asta `they do not shrink' (of shoes),
O'Rah. xviii 24
. Without accompanying verb:
do
rigne Dia firt . . . .i. in topur husci asin talmain,
Trip.² 96
.
cúiseach bind asa bēalaibh sweet piping from her lips,
Ériu
iv 174. § 8
. asa tuaisciurt inda deiscert `(to go) from the North
(of it) to the south (of it)',
Mon. Tall. 133. 22 (§ 17)
. do chuir
se iarraidh ar thigerna A. . . . as Eirinn chuige `sent to the
laird of A. to come to him from Ireland',
Rel. Celt. ii 182.13
.
In complement of object of transitive verbs: with various
transitive verbs (see also under several vbs.): tóbe uitiorum
assa anmin `the cutting of vice out of his soul',
Wb. 2c7
. aní
asatorbatha `that out of which they have been cut',
5b39
.
. . . benus do ṡūil as do chinn,
ACL iii 308, z
. ni béram ass
gl. nec aufferre quid possimus (
1 Timothy vi 7
),
Wb. 29b15
.
dobert
. . . dí báe déc . . . assint shíd,
TBFr. 6
. an ghairbhiachtach
. . . chuirid asta which they emit,
TSh. 6705
. tarslaic Petrum a
slabreid released
Thes. ii 304.1
(Hy. i).
is as do leigi iat
(of shots), as a ninat . . .,
Laws iv 226.17
. atdobrarbadse a
tír Hérenn you have been banished from Ireland,
BDD² 416
.
ar ndichur a nGall esib,
Ann. Conn. 1338.4
. hoc a tafonn
(ac a cur v.l.) asa gort driving it out of his field,
ACL iii 2.8
.
gabais . . . daur . . . assa frēnaib,
Sc.M² 18
. dasrenga ais
`drew it out',
Mon. Tall. 150.29 (§ 61).
is cían rosraeined amach
/ Iudaich a crīch Rōmānach,
ZCP viii 115.17
.
dá sraoilleadh
. . . as a chéile,
TSh. 5696
. di loscud a thige . . . di gait as—a
leth di gait ind for stealing from it . . . for bringing stolen
property into it,
Críth G. 123
. tonindnaig . . . leithi in
chon dó assa laim chlí gives him . . . with her left hand,
RC iii
177.5
.
adetha C. assa láim,
6
. do urail S. a cengal as scotaib
ceathra sdet `ordered him to be bound to the tails of 4 steeds',
ITS xix 100.7
.
gairfidh Íosa uair nó dó / as an talmhain a
dteasdó,
Dán Dé xiv 9
.
Common in 3 s.
n. as adv. with verbs of going, etc. tíagait
ass na teachta-sin depart,
Sc.M² 4 R
.
documlát ass do Chrúachnaib,
TBFr. 42
. amal ossa is amlaid rorathatar ass they ran
like deer,
Ériu iii 141.208
. imsái as in mac the boy turns away,
Ériu i 116 § 5
. Hence with verbs of going, etc. escapes:
'san domnach dodechaid ass / a broinn in bledhmil Ionas,
Ériu iii 144 § 14
.
bualadh Tairrdelbaig . . . acht cena terno
som ass,
RC xviii 35.27
.
ní dechaidh as gan gabāil nō gan
marbadh acht Sir Gyi . . .,
ZCP vi 72.12
.
creid nách fhuil dul
as ar domhan agad ót olc shíordhuidhe,
Mac Aingil 1857
.
Related meanings. Dies, comes to an end: dia ndech nech
dībh as `departs' (this life),
Marco P. 140
.
din ló dochúaid
Cerball ass,
RC xx. 12 § 20
. ni ragha in la-su ass `this day
will not go by',
CCath. 3573
. na heirig ass co madain / do
deacraib rig in richid (sic leg., ed.) do not cease till morning
from (recounting) the wonders of the king of heaven,
Ériu v
26.22
. co n-erlai [int archaingel] a rrecht ind ríg `forsook the
law',
Ériu ii 108 § 22
. With other verbs in idiomatic phrases:
not-ber as dom' inchaib get thee out of my sight,
ZCP i 105.1
.
beir as tú `escape'
Keat. iii 3246
. tucsat as in oidhchi-sin co
himsnímach spent that night,
Fianaig. 52.17
. a bheatha do
thabhairt as go measardha to lead a life of moderation,
TSh.
268
. ruccsatt ass amhlaidh sin ifoimhdin aroile they continued,
Hugh Roe 288.17 (fo. 76a)
. ni rug og na sen a comfad-so as
damh riam gan toitim lium `held out against me',
ZCP vi 101.7
.
cuir ass na dorchu tuccais expel the darkness thou hast brought,
Anecd. iii 35.17
. ata si arna cur as anois `it is now destroyed'
(of a city),
Maund. 43
. a lecan as, he was set free,
RC xviii
283.15
. leicem as ar n-imram let us give up,
RC xxvi. 136 § 9
.
leig as 'athair cease, father,
Ériu iv. 51 § 7
. do lēic ech in
rīgh ar a glūinibh hī . . . ┐ nīr fēdadh as hī she could not be
got out of that position,
ZCP xiii 182.31
. Without accompanying vb. (freq. as ipv.) ass, a duine, ar éat `get out, O man!'
(be off),
Fél. 184.6
. as tír duit get thee out of the land,
RC xxv
24.6
. as as bhar Fraoch get hence, get hence, said F.
ML 124.13
.
asa sin doibh,
Rel. Celt. ii 178.3
. aisidhe dhó co Tulaig na
C. thence he went,
ZCP xiv 259.8
. In phrase: ní has dó
there is no escape for him, he has no chance of escape (see
O'Rahilly,
Celtica i 348
): ma commhor th'eucht led bhriathruibh, ni has dhamhsa if your deeds are on a par with your
words there is no escape for me,
Luc. Fid. 344.12
. ni has
dh'aoinneach aguibh there is no escape for any of you,
284.15
.
nach bu has dh'iachtaranuibh no dh'uachtaranuibh,
260.22
.
ní has d'Éirinn eatorra between them Ireland has no escape,
DDána 92.7
. In phr. as ┐ ind: do ḟeitheam a long . . . as ┐ ind
`to watch his vessels (going) out and (coming) in',
Dinds. 135
(
RC xvi 142.6
). cloictheach . . . ┐ eoin duba . . . ind ┐ as
`passing into and out of it',
RC xvii 394.y
.
II Expressing origin, source.
(a)
from, originating in: a grec anísiu `from the Greek'
Sg. 148b14
. assin tein atgládastar `out of the fire he addressed
him',
Thes. ii 318.4
(Hy. ii).
ba hingnád aisec asind inut sin
(.i. a détaib in chon allaid),
Trip.² 148
.
in port asa n-accai
Patraic inna naimtiu,
1500
.
bá foderc dó . . . assa imduí,
LU 8219
(
FB § 16
).
nír faei i tig as mbi eggna suillsi tenead,
BDD² 175
.
is hí ro hic súil ind ríg / a topor Locha Dá líg,
IT i 131.29
.
is a Hérind anair,
MU² 513
. secht mile as so
`seven miles from here',
ZCP vi 295.7
. co fesamar can as
tucad till we know whence it was brought,
Ériu i 46.10
. ni fes
can as tánic `whence it came',
RC xviii 302.7
.
a tírib hIndía do,
PH 820
. niamh ḟíona a hór (drunk) from a gold goblet,
DDána
119.25
.
from (of a number out of a group):
mart as gach
creich, muc as gach crú, caora as gach trét,
BNnÉ 265 § 230
.
sé ar fichit a Huib Neill `six and twenty of the Húi Néill',
RC xxiv 202. 14
. Of the ground of proof from:
is follus as
for ng[n]imaib ni dligthi comardad fris etir,
LU 8551
(
FB 41
).
follus asna scélaib-so Colmáin it is clear from these stories
about Colman,
BColm. 102, 12
.
is esti demniges,
PH 2185
.
créad is iontuigthe as sin,
TSh. 161
.
With various vbs.: nī contesba banne ass `not a drop was
wanting therefrom',
Thes. ii 348.3
(Hy. v). a tír asa tairidnither `from the land out of which (the water) is drawn',
Ériu
xvii 68 § 8
. cid asa fordailtea grád túa[i]the? what is the basis
of the different grades of the `túath'?
Críth G. 6
.
rí rodelb
eisse cach ṅduil,
SR 25
. asnabbrad hi sennathib `whence it
was said',
Fianaig. 30.13
.
rofiarfaigh dib crēd asa fuaradar an
cís aingid sin,
RC x 185.y
.
gach ainm eile . . . nach sloinntear
as tarbh,
Maguires of F. 45
.
(b) Hence introducing the instrument or cause of an
action, etc. by, with, because or by reason of: a faill do denam
for being neglectful,
Laws iv 50.10
. ro bendach Pátraic
asa díb lámaib in Machai with his hands,
Trip.² 2799
. asa
réir budesin of his own accord,
Ériu i 219 § 7
. as mothoil féin
`of my own will',
RC xiii 272.6
. nach maith dogni duine asa
chorp isin domun any good thing a man does with his body,
Ériu vii 172.y
. Cluain maic Nois d'argain . . . a comairle
Muirchertaig, on M.'s advice,
RC xviii 30.25
.
is a radurc
atconnairc Ith . . . Slébe Irruis deiscirt,
Ériu iv 142.16
. roslen
Nél assa lurg, by means of his track,
Metr. Dinds. iii 404.13
.
cia mod as a mbrisend recht in what way,
PH 2588
. do-rinne
an tshoil cumhachda gáoidhilgi ortha as ar cóir do chomhardadh íad by reason of which,
IGT Introd. 11.16
.
lot mh'anma
a silleadh na súl / do rinneadh,
Dán Dé ix 4
.
a caingean Dé
do diúltadh,
IGT Decl. ex. 1355
.
mellaid mōr duini asa dath
/ gid buidi in t-ōr is otrach,
ACL iii 238 § 16
. Note also:
ragat gussin Rōimh as go ffuilēngat croch ┐ cēssadh,
Fl. Earls 206.25
; whereby they will suffer
Celtica ix 117-18
. Cf.
8.18
,
170.8
. With créd: créd dorinne sí asa rabhus di marsin
what she had done that they were treating her thus,
Ériu v
168.82
. créad as nach adhradh . . . na dée mar chách why,
Keat. ii 5393
. With adv. as: is as tugadh Nár air this is why
he was called N.,
3645
.
(c) Introducing the name of a language: ainm an inaidh
sin . . . a Gaeidheilcc in Irish,
Maund. 57
. laphruiss . . . assin
bérla glan ghrécach in the pure Grecian tongue,
Anecd. i 34.70
.
berla na filed asa n-acaillit cach dib aroile wherein they all
address each other,
Auraic. 200
.
III Miscellaneous uses.
(a) In sense of attached to, compos-
ed of, in etc.
:
amal bīs tuir már oc fulang tige ┐ illāma esti,
Corm. Y 1224
. ro-lēcis gaī form-sa co-rrabae as mo scíath
`so that it stuck in my shield',
Sc.M² 11
. cipe [no beth] démnach
asa mér no asa brága whoever was possessed by a demon in his
finger or in his throat,
RC ii 400 § 40
. a edach delradach
. . . imi, as a ndenad idbarta do Baich `in which he was wont
to offer sacrifices',
TTebe 2842
.
gu bhfaiceabh asin coluinn-si
Dia,
ITS xix 92.6
. Cf. rí sithamail asa flaithes in respect of,
Rawl. B 512 fo. 69d
.
(b) After vbs. expressing recognition, etc.
:
atgénammár asa
samail in fer sin,
LU 6805
(
FB 46
).
cinnas do aith[g]ēnmais
in degmnái . . . asa deilb ┐ asa costud, a tlás, a fos, a féile,
ZCP viii 112.22
.
misi do aimsigh Eabha / as a basuibh bairrgheala / 's as a derc ramhoill raglais,
Ériu iv. 112.26
-
27
.
ad-mestar asa toirthib talmain,
ZCP xi 94 § 33
. ?
a samlaib
én n-etarlúamain,
LU 8628
(
FB 47
) (rhet.).
(c) After vbs. of bathing, washing: do-dheochaid co
mbricht neimhe lé do Frāech corusfothraic ás . . . a arma he
bathed his weapons in it,
ZCP xiii 175.6
.
doluid Cuchulaind
dia bualad asna huscibsin,
TBC-I¹ 2742
.
nocho raibi husce
ocai asa ndénad in bathis,
Trip.² 91
. ro tinsain usce . . .
conid as ronig a derc with it he washed his eye,
Dinds. 64
(
RC xv 462
).
usce asa negar Grip,
ZCP iii 214.14
. roghonais
mo dhalta / rodergais as t'fhogha thou hast reddened thy spear
in his blood,
BS 12.14
.
(d) After vbs. of paying, exchanging, etc.
dobertha a
chutroma d'or ┐ d'argat ass,
Hugh Roe 220.3 (fo. 58b)
.
diass
as in cethramuin ┐ da bho as an bfer nach fuighthi dibh .i.
bó as in duine ┐ bo as in éidegh,
L. Chl. S. 31
.
tainic
Ciaran dá fhuascladh, ┐ tucc moran oir ┐ argait ass in return
for him,
BNnÉ 117.27
. dober braighi maith duit asum fein
`I will bring thee a good hostage for myself',
ZCP vi 70.15
.
dlighe do dhíol as,
TSh. 10084
.
(e) After words expressing hope, trust, doubt etc.
:
go
ndearna dall / dóigh as an té do thoghsam,
Dán Dé iv 26
.
as do thrócuire atá ar ndóchas,
xix 21
.
thairisi asa deghgnimradhaibh féin,
CCath. 330
. an neimhiocht gnáthach do
bhí aige as féin `it was sad that his brother always had a
suspicion of him', his usual mistrust for him,
Keat. ii 2504
.
bith cunntaphuirt agut asi[n] nduine aithenus tu `be on your
guard against',
Ériu v 136 § 93
.
etir cin co fiss / no co n-anfiss
ass,
ACL iii.222.30
.
(f) After vbs. of boasting, etc.
:
dia maide as a shúalchib,
PH 4855
.
itā mo chorp 'na c[h]amra / cid uaibrech as
m'urlabra,
ACL iii 239 § 34
.
rom-moltar ar cech feib as
mo ghail,
ZCP v 503.24
.
créad as a ndéine díomus,
TSh. 633
.
IV In later lang. also of time from, since:
ní nach dearnadh
as mo nua ná as mo naoidheantacht ariamh riom,
ML 100.14
.
fer na dechaid asa naindin riam gan cenn Connachtaig lais
`from his childhood',
ZCP i 103.1
. asa naidendacht `from his
infancy',
RC ii 386 § 9
. sé is (leg. as) th'óige ort / [is] móide ar
an ḟolt mh'fiafraighidh that thou hast it since thy youth
increases my wonder (?) at the hair,
DDána 114.2
. asa tosuch
from the beginning,
Ériu iv 214.18
. nambered cách a huair
dena maccleirchib dochum a tige leo `would take him home
in turn',
Ériu ii 222.24
.
In prep. phrases, see aithle, céile, ucht, etc. In adv. phrase
see núa.