n (Lat. actus) name of a measure of ploughed land: a.¤ .i. tomus nó imaire, ut est a.¤ is lugha a iiii do troighaib lethat a lair .i. imaire is lugha na in t-a.¤ aderam 'nar ndeghaid. Nó a.¤ .i. la air, O'Dav. 117 .

n t, m. (? Orig. neut. Celtica x 83 ). Earliest form aui (monosyll.), GOI 206 and ZCP x 446 . Later f. a s. uith, IT iii 5 § 1 . g s. uath, ib. in úad , O'Dav. 6 . d s. uaidh, O'Curry 370 . (H 3.18, 207a). g p. na n-uath , LL 5088 . With non-dental inflection a s. ái, Corm. Y 74 . g s. inna ai , RC xxvi 21 note 5 . n p. , Auraic. 742 . d p. aibh, IT iii 87 § 96 .

Poetic inspiration, learning; metrical composition: Dlighedh sesa, a treatise on the genesis of aí, Ériu xiii 35ff. (See notes and Corthals, Akten Linz 127-47 ). itat coic æ and .i. æ ailes ┐ æ chanas ┐ æ aiges æ mides ┐ æ suides, Auraic. 408 (see Jn. Celt. Stud. ii 65 ). caill crithmon . . . .i. caill asa tāet cless na uadh (clesa n-uad LB) ind airc [h]etail, Corm. Y 237 . felmac .i. mac ūad; fel .i. ái, 599 . ái .i. airc[h]etul, 74 . felmac .i. fel ai ┐ seis . . . .i. mac sesa ┐ mac uadh .i. airceta[i]l, O'Dav. 880 (see Ériu xiii 35 ). ái no áoi .i. éigsi no éolcha, O'Cl. féth .i. áoi no ealadha, ib. ic fethugud ai, Rawl. 108b34 = LL 187a11 . aithne damh homa re hæi .i. re heladain, ZCP v 483 § 1 (B. na f.). dochanaid aoí do cretaibh féth, Ériu xiii 17.11 . tiasg aoidh no uadh anmain Dé, 38.2 (= tiasc (sic leg.) ai i n-anmain Dé, O'Dav. 1564 ). tuarustal n-úadh ann so, 18 . ara theintemhlacht na mbríathar úadh ar is nemhnech bríathra in dána iter, Cóir Anm. 240 . cetharda condegar co hæs nuath do airic 'ma nuith, IT iii 5 § 1 . is fis o menmuin amh in ae, O'Dav. 991 . alt .i. aircetal, ar is alt in úad for it is a division of poetry, 6 . comiditer alta uad fri haltaib ín duine the divisions of prosody are compared to the joints of a person, IT iii 122.24 . cia halt huad . . . alta nan huad, Auraic. 1577 . tlachtga na n-uath dub a n-aerthar etc. , 5234 . acht mad æ roscichestar inna menmain .i. dliged gotha . . ., 488 = in aei, 2985 . fri comuaim n-uad, 3538 . dia coibdealachas a (=ó) huaidh on account of his artistic kinship with him, O'Curry 370 ( H 3.18, 207a ). sai uadh a sage of poetry, Laws iv 358.4 Comm. cain teasbann teim essgal sceo ni ain ni hain ai is mo hae is moam mo ain (.i. mo rosc ar focus no hai is lim indi as moo dom ainius) (the poet Dallán finds compensation for loss of sight in inner hearing and his art?), ZCP iii 224 § 13 (Amra Senáin). almsana is aoi / dá ndáil don lobhar is don lag, Measgra D. 59.14 . d'fhior go n-aoi, TSh. 5766 . Of Muses: da comfoirti na naoi nae, Celtica ii 71.45 . tomus a.¤ measure, quantity in verse(?): caide tomus cach hae a illabaibh? IT iii 24 § 6 . tomus nae [anal] ┐ innsci do cach iar na miad, Laws i 18.y Comm. tommus n-ai, IT iii 187 § 6 . trefocal . . . cen áe for anae (apparently some kind of metrical fault), ACL iii 293.10 ( Auraic. 1935 ). See Celtica vi 215-6 .

In names of metres: dona haibh freslige, IT iii 87 § 96 . aí idhan, 101 § 183. As n.pr. Aoí mac Ollamain, Ériu xiii 38.y . cia ainm regas ar in macsa . . . tabair Aí fair . . . conid assain . . . ro ainmniged aí airchetail .i. ó Aí mac Ollaman, LL 14611 ( ZCP xx 194.6 ).

n as é fortuing cach nimresain bius eturradh umm airbiad ┐ imm airbinid (um mairbiad ┐ im mairbinidh, O'Don.) ┐ im a tincur ┐ im lín a daimhe, O'D. 517 ( H 3.17, c. 420 ). imm a.¤ .i. tomus na bracha .i. in criathur, ib.

n (Lat. argenteus?) piece of silver money: is é .xxx. airgénti tucad dó ar brath Crist in .xxx. fónsa airgeit rochuir immon crand uair airgeint roboi i tomus cach circuil, LB 222a50 . o ro-laustar Iudás in airgent isin tempul, PH 3218 . can as tucais in airgeint, 1064 . ocht penginde co leth . . . is ed fil in cech airgent díb, 3214 . co fégad na n-airgennti, 1053 .

n ā, f. (med) measure of grain, dry measure: ermed .i. med tomais quia aridas res metitur , Corm. Y 553 . airmheadh .i. meadh thomhais, O'Cl. airbidh ┐ airmeth dethbir eturru .i. tomus ima lin ┐ ima met airmeth .i. medh tomuis arba no bracha .i. criathur, O'Dav. 148 . med, a.¤, forrach, Triads 138 . che(i)thir méich mracha ┐ ḟidlan[n] airmeide di tharu `a wooden vessel (or platter) containing the full of an `a.¤' of kiln-dried wheat', Críth G. 140 and n. tomus cach airmide, Laws v 486.15 .i. airmedh tomais coitcend, 488.15 Comm. dorat do P. in n-airmid mini, Trip.² 2182 . lán armide méich, MU² 728 . secht n-airmedae ardcathrach d'airnib, MacCongl. 124.20 . tabair in n-armidh chét do t'indsaigid ┐ tabair a tri lan d'ór inti, Acall. 5838 . As n. pr. A.¤ (a physician of the T. Dé D.), ZCP viii 105.23 .

n ā, f. Orig. vn. of anaid. Celt. Verb p. 186 . Pedersen, Litteris ii 77 - 94 (Best Bibliogr.), LEIA anál f. IGT Decl. § 149 . n. sg. anáil, Loinges mac nDuíl Dermait 58 § 31 . act of breathing; breath: donanáil gl. anele, Gild. Lor. gl. 123 ( anhela, Du Cange , see Ascoli xxxiii ). ic egmig impu . . . fot a n-anali till out of breath, LU 1902 ( RC x 56.15 ). anála fer ┐ ech, 9246 . anáil nathrach, 5442 (TBC). rob imda airech . . . ica urgabail ar n-urnaidm a anala air through shortness of breath (of fleeing men), MR 318.11 . tocbaid bar n-anála i núachtur bar cléib du bar n-étrummugud tairis, Mer. Uil. 65 . tromtínfed a mbrenanala, BB 495a8 . bolad fína lía anóil (: óir), LU 3640 ( SCC 31 ). a.¤ mnáa lat ingin breathes like a woman, Fing. R. 373 ( ZCP iii 5 § 14 ). omun iar sin hi cride / iss a.¤ hi trommchride (on the situation (in the body) of the passions and propensities), ACL iii 223.10 . lán dom anáil ón uabhar puffed up with pride(?), Studies 1924, 87 § 16 . cuir mar thúis anáil th'ochta / fam ghnúis d'fhagháil fhurtochta, DDána 67.30 . goill dom athchur 'sdom arguin / . . . / rug a hanáil óm inntinn, 90.5 . do-bhir dá ḟine a n-anáil `who gives life to his kinsfolk', TD 32.80 . lé anáil na nél um nóna / fér ag fagháil chóra a críaidh, IGT Decl. ex. 1153 . d'anáil óirmheirgeadh the breeze caused by the waving of ensigns, L. Cl. A. B. 100.200 . lé séideadh nó lé súghadh a anáile, TSh. 1896 . oiret anala géoid the slightest breath, RC xxiv 381.18 . táinig d'anáil chuaigh fa Chormac `such fumes arose from the goblet', TD 29.34 .

In various phrases. do-beir a.¤ fo breathes on: a ndorat a anáil foí when he blew under it (of a fire), Trip.² 132 . tuc a a.¤ fai iarsin `the Devil breathed on him them', BCC 454.28 . do-beir a.¤ for: dobeir an sacart secht n-[an]ála Dē for a muin the priest breathes seven breaths of God on his back (significance obscure, apparently a form of appeasement), BColm. 96.27 . dobeir íarum an t-airchindech secht n-anāla Dē for a muin corigci an lic i ndorus a tighi apad, 29 . gaibid ar (for) a.¤ : no co ngaba for thrí ara anáil till he thrice holds in his breath, Mer. Uil. 135 . rogab for a anáil, CCath. 2072 . do léici, léicid a.¤ exhales breath: crét tái cen t'anál do lécud immach? PH 8136 . ro teilgedh a anál, CCath. 2164 . aithinne dubh . . . léicis Mlaise a anáil foillsigh / fúithib gur shoillsigh, SG 27.33 . dia ttealccat an lucht úd a n-anala get breathing time, AFM v 1766.24 . do-léici, léicid a.¤ do: ma tarlaic a nanala doibh if he gave them a breathing space (of driving cattle), O'Curry 2325 ( Eg. 88, 25 (26)b ). ro léc a tri nanala doib, O'Curry 2341 (ib. 26 (27)c ). intan dorelced mo anāl damsa provided I can breathe, TBC-I¹ 2192 . nír léig Gall ort a anáil 'no foreigner breathed upon you', Giolla Brighde 40 § 5 .

In descriptions of heroes' feats (precise application not clear): rothchless ┐ otar ┐ cless for análaib (of Cú Chulainn), LU 5972 (= gless (cleas St.) for a.¤ , TBC-LL¹ 2111 ). eter chles for análaib ┐ ubullchles ┐ siaburchles, 8442 ( FB 30 ). léim tar neimh ┐ cleas fur anala, RC xxix 128 § 35 . ro clisius for analaib / uasa uíb ( ? uas aúib) na n-ech, LU 9345 . immasleig cach la beirt immin n-araid gabáil na n-ésse biid uasaib ┐ análaib, 9294 . Cf. in descriptions of fighting: is amlaid bís mo chú . . . oc imguin ós analaib, TBC-LL¹ 531 . arfich ó aíb ech ┐ analaib fer, LU 8347 ( FB 24 ). atrácht a én gaile osa anáil co m-búi for folúamain imma chend (of Hercules), LL 225a48 ( TTr. 600 ). rachomaicsigsetar na catha da ceile . . . co raeirgetar a n-eoin gaile ósa n-analaib, 239b42 ( 1706 ).

Of recitation, ref. to the number of words, etc. to be spoken in one breath: intan ba roscadh . . . cindas nothomsidhe? . . . do focul forba anaile no-taispenta don choiceadh focul, uair is coic focail romesadh i n-anail in filed by a word completing a breath which was indicated by the fifth word . . ., Auraic. 930 = 3860 . dilius do bair[d]ne a tomus et coir n-anala their measure and correct phrasing (lit. breathing), 3528 . is é cóir nanála .i. narop sia las in bfer nít gaib (= nodgaib ?) ó aná[i]l cen (leg. cech ?) leth ┐ gach cethruma inás a céile, ar na roib cam .i. cin claen dona claenaib . . . that the man who recites it in (one ?) breath may not prolong any one couplet or any one line more than another(?), O'D. 1222 (H 2.15, 86b). Of the chanting of psalms: a sailm iar fersaib ┐ linib ┐ adhantaib ┐ analaib, Laws v 24.9 Comm. oc cetul a shalm . . . for aillib ┐ annalaib ┐ ernalib, MacCongl. 13.11 . Of the recitation of a magic formula: D. doroine dic[h]etal do cennaib for enanail do cuingidh feraind for C., LL 392b53 . Similarly: for óenchoiss ┐ óenláim ┐ óenanáil rachain dóib insin uile, LU 6983 = BDD² 562 . Legal: tucait mbinniusa .i. a foclaib ┐ a nanalib diction and enunciation (of speaking in court), O'D. 849 (H 3.17, c. 603). fot naen anala do boaire, ┐ .u. focuil inti, a dó do filid . . . a tri do flaith . . . a secht do eclais, ┐ nai focail cethrachat indtib, O'Curry 698 (H 3.18, 337). go deich do foclaib ┐ vii nanala don eclais ┐ vii focail in cach anail . . . da anail don fili ┐ v focail in cach anail, 227 (122).

On the connection between a.¤ and poetic art (aí), see Celtica vi 215 ff. do glaine n-anáile, Ériu xiii 37.15 . do-glind anáil / ailibh caoinibh / inghen gaoithe . . . eisimh teisimh / eallaing, teallaincc, 16 . a hainm (i.e. aí) i ccaoimthecht fria hanail, 39.24 .

Compd. anal-utmall of quick breath, panting , CCath. 4956 .

also árd. árt, Wb. 24d9 . art, Thes. ii 235.15 . Somet. arad metri gratia, esp. in later lang.: arad, IT iii 104 § 202 . arrad, Ó Bruad. i 32 § xiv . arruidṡliocht, 23 G 24, 239.4 .

I Adj. o, ā

(a) Of objects not in contact with ground high: innahí ruptar ardda dunnai (of planets), Thes. ii 11.42 (BCr.). In compds. tri ardlémend, LU 4021 ( SCC 47 ). ard-luth a eich high motion, CCath. 4712 . ardnem na náemh, RC xxiv 372.25 . Cf. airdrenn, 2 airdrech.

(b) high above ground, elevated, lofty . Of a place: huand luc digas no a.¤ gl. e loco editiore, Ml. 58a12 . 47c19 . isna lucu arda, 23d23 . Of a mountain etc.: hi tilchaib ardaib, Ml. 14a9 . iter da sliab arda, TTebe 898 . Of a building etc.: gríanána . . . ardda, MU² 201 . i n-iomdhaidh aird raised high from floor(?), Magauran 1380 . Cf. compd. ¤-lepaid: iomdaighe ┐ árdleapthacha, RC xiv 30 § 12 . go rabat ind (leg. id ?) ardleabaidh / a mna a meic may they be in Thy high bed (place of honour ?), Anecd. ii 33 § 17 . mairidh an fhithchioll eagair / do h-imbearthaoi a n-áirdleabaidh, ML 50.6 . Of a tree tall: ind huinnius ardd, Sg. 67a11 . arnaib fedaib sonartaib ardaib, Ml. 146a6 . crann a.¤ , Stair Erc. 384 . Of a vessel in compds.: fó inbiur in ardchori `lofty cauldron' (deep ?), MacCongl. 39.17 . airdiena (ardíana v.l.) ibardha deep(?) yew vessels, Anecd. ii 58 § 20 . Cf. 1 ardán.

(c) Of the sea: cathair ṡlúaigh do airg d'ḟoiléim / a ngoibéil chúain aird ainiúil deep(?), IGT Decl. ex. 518 . In compds.: an ardmhuir thened high sea, ocean (?), Ériu ii 124 § 68 (calque from Lat. altum mare , Deutsche, Kelten und Iren 99 ). tar ard mhuir cciachdhuibh `tossing', Ir. Review 1913, 624 § 16 . dún is inber is ard-ler, Metr. Dinds. iii 112.34 .

(d) Of sounds loud: a.¤ aniu . . . gáir guil, Cog. 96.3 . frecra n-a.¤ n-obéle loud answer, Tec. Corm. § 25.12 . traetaít na ciulu islí na ciuil arda, BB 327b33 . In compds.: blūsair .i. nuall ardegóir, O'Mulc. 180 = O'Dav. 329 . firfid Findbennach fri dond Cúalnge ardburach loud bellowing, LU 10401 . ag Eochaid Ardghair `of the loud cry', Ériu i 81 § 11 . ardghaire mbaeth loud foolish laugh, Fél. 206.y . do breth a hardguth for aird, LL 9226 (TBC). árdghothach ┐ easurramach loud and stubborn, Proverbs vii 11 .

(e) Of colour: fual . . . á.¤ , Rosa Angl. 188.4 .

(f) In fig. usage. Of rank or superior quality noble, dist- inguished: aire ardd, one of the grades of nobility , Críth G. 368 and p. 69 . Andreas a.¤ a ordan, Fél. Feb. 6 . bit áird úas dind ḟlatha exalted (of saints), Prol. 155. a bhanaltra charthannach an Chomhachtaigh aoird mighty(?), Hackett xix 41 . óclách a.¤, imnair, IT i 79.2 . art .i. uasal, Metr. Gl. 27 § 35 . Stowe Gl. 22 . Of foundations, institutions etc. ba cóir ceniptis árdda do chongbala-su, Trip.² 1564 . bid á.¤ bid úasal do chathir i talum, 472 . abb ecailse ardae, Fél. Jan. 2 . sacramaint ro-a.¤ a cuirp fein august, Smaointe B. Chr. 3324 . Of a place: bátir Érenn ardae / la m'Luóc . . . / grían Liss móir de Albae they were of noble Ireland, Fél. June 25 . Of a feast: ré Notlaicc aird aurgaiss, Fél. Nov. 13 . In compds.: domhnaighe . . . ┐ airdfheile, AFM ii 952.15 , casc . . . ardshollumun na bliadne principal festival, Lism. L. 323 . Gramm. ón táoibhréim a. iollraidh i.e., the g p. in a dental, IGT Introd. § 142 (see ísel).

In phr. ardu árosc, see árosc.

(g) great, extensive(?): ba ha.¤ in coscur .i. ba mor, Thes. ii 334.1 (Hy. v). a.¤ .i. mor nó sochaide, ut est a.¤ in athlighi .i. sochaide facbhuit ina lige, O'Dav. 21 .

(h) proud: ná bísi ard nó íseall, L. Cl. A. B. 132.58 . atbert athesc a.¤ proud answer, LL 19874 .

(i) difficult, laborious, arduous (based on Lat. arduus JCL ix 44 ): is rét a.¤ .i. foglaim inna hirisse foirbthe gl. res ardua atque difficilis, Ml. 14c10 . roart lessom epert friusom intsamli dæ, Wb. 24c10 .

Equative: ardithir . . . seólcrand prímlui[n]gi, LU 6474 (TBC). airdithir neolla nime gach fer dib, RC xvii 416.38 . goma hairdithir re h-én, MR 300.11 .

Compar.: cia thes hi loc bes ardu ní ardu de, Ml. 23d23 . ni arddu feisin quam a chocéle, Sg. 161b9 . ni artu ní nim `nothing is higher than heaven', Thes. ii 248.3 . arddu (arddiu v.l.) dōinib / acht nōibrī nime, Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 10 § 4 . airdiu cach múr araile, LU 2037 ( FA 11 ). airddiu, IT i 77.13 . harda (: Alba = Albu), ZCP viii 197.11 . airdi sa hairdi `higher and higher', Études Celt. i 87.23 . As superl. caithir fhionn as airde múr, DDána 119.19 .

Superl. dobeir grád as ardam, Fél. Ep. 207 . ardam dossaibh highest of bushes, Auraic. 5548 . ardam iactadh loudest of groanings, 5575 .

Adv.: eigis co ha.¤ , TTebe 4407 . ? teist dober cu arad ort / tu labor olcc eltaide edranach, IT iii 104 § 202 . is a.¤ do ghradaigh si sibh she has loved you much, Smaointe B. Chr. 4970 . ag foillsiughadh go ha.¤ showing openly, Donlevy 62.28 . In phrase ós a.¤ : gan feis lé fear ós a.¤ `publicly', Keat. ii 2924 , cf. 1 aird.

II Subst. o

(a) high place, height: etir fán ┐ ardd, Ml. 140a2 . conid Temair a hainm ind aird sin, ZCP viii 313.29 . cit n-é . . . ardae ┐ indbera do-riadhad ? BDD² 456 . rith fri ha.¤ , Tec. Corm. § 21.8 . tar Echtge na n-a.¤ 's na n-áth, ZCP viii 222.8 . triall . . . ó arduibh iarthuir Eireann `hills', Ir. Review 1913, 624 § 16 . bás an daig[h]f[h]ir . . . / do theilg thuinn a n-aighidh aird, Bard. Synt. Tr. 24.28 . gan leath-trom learg d'fhán nó d'a.¤ (: bard), DDána 119.18 . eirnithe cach na.¤ (of a wound. Cf. cnocbéim), BCrólige 64 . ní léimid na héisc le hárdaibh eas, Hackett xv 12 . mar do ghabh sruth Iordan . . . a n-aghaidh áird i.e. flowed backwards, up-stream? Eochairsg. 66.2 (cf. Joshua iii 16 ). Frequ. in nn. loc: Ard nGabla, Metr. Dinds. i 40.29 . Ard n-Umai, RC xvi 79.20 . For further exx. see Hog. Onom.

(b) Of persons: isel fri art `lowly towards the high' (proud ?), Thes. ii 235.15 . in t-a.¤ . . . Ailill na n-áth, LL 4207 . tú in t-a.¤ ós gach iomaire, O'R. Poems 26 . a n-aird ┐ a n-airdirc, CCath. 4409 . ? ní cria . . . di ardd (di aird v.l.) `do not buy . . . from a superior', Tec. Corm. § 19.7 . art fine, one of the titles of the head of the `fine' (`den aus der oder über die `fine' Hervorragenden', Thurn., Mélanges ... à H. Pedersen 302 . In this phrase always with final -t. Cf. 1 art etc.): a.¤ uasal, unde dicitur a.¤ fine, Corm. Y 26 . in t-a.¤ fine .i. inti is airdi don fine, O'Dav. 486 . dia mbe a.¤ fine ar aird . . . is a.¤ fine icus, Laws v 224.14 Comm. dia tisad a.¤ fine fae, 13 Comm.

(c) Various: is caín cech a.¤ , LU 3915 ( SCC 43 ). a.¤ n-athe (of a king), ZCP viii 108.6 . tomus fri arddu (a sign of bad pleading), LL 345e14 ( Tec. Corm. § 22 n.12 ). ní guais áidh . . . / do bheanfodh dhe dol ar a.¤ (: Tadhg) `from growing to be great', O'Hara 4400 . In phrase a.¤ i n-a.¤ fri see 1 aird.

(d) Metrical term for a final rhyming or consonating syllable in the metre rinnard , see RC vi 273 , 298 ; vii 87 ff. ; Murphy Metrics 28 , 35 . rindaird dá n-a.¤, rinnaird tri n-a.¤, rinnaird iiii n-a.¤ , Fél. 4.z ., IT iii 137 . fil and mór nard ṅáille (of the metre of the Fél.), Fél. Ep. 83 . In compd. ¤-breccad internal assonance, IT iii 87 § 95 .

Compds. Used with nouns, adjj. and verbs. Besides its use in literal sense often indicates pre-eminence in rank or excellency over others of the same designation e.g. ardrí over-king (see rí). ardḟlaith (flaith. ardlathi ` chief princes ', Wb. 1a3 ). ardap (ap) chief abbot (of the a. of Clonmacnoise, RC xviii 287.15 Tig.). ardepscop (epscop) archbishop . ardṡuí (suí) chief sage. ardáenach (óenach, of Taillte, Keat. ii 3851 ). ardídal ( ídal. á. na Héirenn .i. Cenn Crúaich, Trip.² 1005 ). Cf. ardchaerich adobcomnaicsi, ardlias duib, lias bec anisiu, caerig beca ann you are important sheep and have a great fold; this is a small fold with small sheep in it, Anecd. i 41.25 . Frequ. a mere intensive or alliterative prefix adding little to the meaning. A representative selection is given below. Some compds. have been included above to illustrate meanings.

(a) With nouns. ¤-aicned haughtiness: nír dhénta uaill na ardaignedh, Études Celt. i 85.28 . ¤-ammus judgement, estimate (interchanges with airdmes), O'Curry 1063 ( H 3.18, 439a ) = airdmes, O'D. 1629 (H. 5.15, 16b). O'D. 542 ( H 3.17, 434 ). O'Curry 2578 ( Eg. 88, 49(50)a ). ¤-broenud gl. imber, Metr. Gl. 5.2 , RC xx 276.23 (ACC). ¤-chell chief church: na tri haird-cealla (Maedóc's settlements), BNnÉ 260 § 220 . ? ¤-chellach incumbent of an ardchell(?): Adamnan ardcellach, Flower Cat. 490.30 . ¤-chend, as adj. having a lofty head: ech . . . ardchend, LU 8661 ( FB 49 ). da ech . . . ardchind, 8592 (ib. 45 ). for echaib ardchendaib, Alex. 253 . a Brain ardchind, LL 306a7 . As subst. a. iarthair Eorpa ar . . . ecna, AFM ii 838.2 . Moling 50 . ¤chless juggling in the air: ardchless co n-ublaib 'juggling in the air with balls' Celtica viii 149 (Mellbretha) . ¤-chustal: a. ┐ drochgné fair, LU 10829 `his loins girt(?)', Ériu xii 178 § 9 (TE). ¤-chor: ardchur ag an bpríomháid air while the primate had authority over him, Keat. iii 303 . árdchor aige ar na Scotaibh he had supremacy over the Scots, i 14.16. ¤-gabáil: gabaid a lēnid i n-ardgabāil `tucked up his shirt', MacCongl. 9.25 . in ardgabail-sea doníat in cuanairt . . . `high-catching', Acall. 7385 . claideb . . . i n-a. gaili fora chris raised, uplifted (for action), LU 6561 (TBC) = i n-ardgabail churad bar a chlíu, TBC-LL¹ 5340 . So also RC xliii 82 § 84 . seol grás uaidhe ar ardghabháil `a sail of graces is hoisted by Him', Aithd. D. 60.5 . do ardgabalaib in domuin chief conquests, ZCP iii 17.2 . ¤-gal: go gclos go nemh an a., Duan. F. i 32.9 . As n.pr. co teach Eachdach meic Ardgail, ZCP viii 219.27 . ¤-gním breast-work, rampart: airdgníma (adhgnímha v.l.) caelaig, CCath. 1394 . ¤-mac : ardmhac oglaig (oppd. to certmac o.), O'Curry 285 (H 3.18, 157) `chief son', Plummer MS notes. crichaireacht ... a taiseach, ┐a n-ard mac n-oglach, ┐ a n-olloman, Iar Conn. 368 (H. 2. 17, 188b). ¤-menma: dimus ┐a. arrogance, CCath. 3868 . ¤-mess: nir nanacht airdmes roclos / no chairdes no condolbos great esteem did not save him, SR 3135 . tria na n-a. ra halta / a cairdes bud ceṅgalta, LL 7134 . ¤-nemed: atnaig tar fót crúach i n-a. di[a] díte he conveys him over the bloody ground into full sanctuary for his protection, Críth G. 54 . ¤-nert superior power: ardneart Muman do gabail dó, AFM ii 1098.8 . ¤-nós: alladh ┐ ardnos, AFM vi 2368.4 . As n.pr. Grigair mac Ardnōis, ZCP viii 114.25 . ¤-phersa : techtiri ártphersine gl. Christi apostoli, Wb. 24d9 . ¤-radarc : ed ardradairc . . . úan fa deas atá `of a great prospect', Ériu iv 142.16 . gurab eissan ardriaghlaightheoir nimhe & talmhan e, Adtimchiol 27b11 . ¤ríge high kingship : debthaig immonn-ardríge, SR 6538 . ¤-scél : innisim dó mh'airdsgēla great news, ZCP viii 220.40 . ¤-ṡreb : ō chéibh īochtuir airdshreibhi, O'R. Poems 204 . ¤taoiseach 'haut chef' Études Celt. xii 514 . ¤-thuile : abann ard-tuile in full spate, BNnÉ 108 § 33 .

(b) With adjj. ¤-aicentach: do bhádar árdaigeantach haughty, Ezekiel xvi 50 . ¤érmach, éirmech: an agh fholuaimneach ard-érmeach, Acall. (Leabh. ó Laimhsgr.) ii 27.22 . ¤-mór : esculus . . . .i. fid arddmár `a very high tree', Sg. 53a7 . ar muraib ardmoraib an baili, TTebe 4453 . trí chert Amairgen ardmóir, LL 1762 . ¤-menmnach : airecht . . . a. high-spirited, CCath. 5362 . ¤-medrach sportive (of a wave), ML 94.16 . ¤-mín : a ingenraid n-a. tall and gentle, LU 3601 ( SCC 30 ). óclach seta fata . . . n-a., LL 11793 . ¤-réil : co sleib n-Ailp n-a. lofty and bright, Rawl. 78b35 . ¤-úallach high and haughty. As n.pr. a. ingen Ḟind, Acall. 6453 . ¤-úasal : a ardrí . . . a., MU² 834 . cech etha ardūasail imbeth, ZCP xi 92 § 19 .

(c) With vbs. ¤-chuirid : d'ardchuir m'atuirse which increased my sadness, Hackett xii 29 . ¤-ḟodlaid : maith fáth ro hardfódlad de was nobly divided(?), LB 185a21 . ¤-gaibid : ro ardgaib Assal, Fen. 342.20 . ¤-légaid : airdleghais B. . . . an leabar ngreccda read aloud, BNnÉ 84 § 169 (cf. ar-léga). ¤-lesaigid ir: ro hoiled ┐ ro hardleasaidhedh í (of Mary), Ev.Inf. (LFF) 171 § 24 . ró hoiled ┐ rohardleasáigiodh iad educated to a high standard, RC xiv 28 § 6 . ¤-mesaid : ar a eól is ardmesta `for his knowledge he deserves high esteem', Metr. Dinds. iii 438.8 . ¤-rígaid: airdrīghaigh rí, ZCP viii 205.4 . ¤-thidlaicid: ro edhbair ┐ ro ardthiodhlaic he nobly bestowed, Anecd. iii 6. x .

n iā, f. (bard) bardic craft, bardic composition, bardic metre (less strictly regulated and less highly regarded than filidecht , Murphy Metrics 26 f.). do corus bard cona bardni, IT iii 5 title. óendán cen tomus techtai. . . .i. in bairdni, 6 § 4 . cis lir fodlai filet forsin mb.¤ ? Nī: .l. fodal .i. cethora primfodla . . . ┐ is as-sin fodailter a aisdi coir do cach bard, ibid. secht n-aisde na filidheachta ┐ secht n-aisde na b.¤ , Ériu xiii 39.7 = vii mbrousnacha na b.¤ , Auraic. 3508 . diles do bairdni .i. a tomus fri cluais ┐ fri coir n-anala, 757 . Cf. 3824 , Ériu xiii 43.23 . in āes bair[d]ne ┐ rand, Anecd. v 23 n. 7 . bunad in airchetail (.i. tomsidhe) ┐ int sois (.i. na b.¤), 24 n.3 . Cf. IT iii 6 § 3. co corus coibnes cata cána concana b.¤ , O'D. 2207 (Nero A vii, 143b). F. . . . dochóid . . . hi tír Connacht co mbairtni donaib rígaib, Trip.² 2225. bagaim conid bairdni bind. / debidi alaind imrind, LL 5257. dorónus dōibh dua[i]n mbinn mb.¤ , ACL iii 296 § 45. As name of a particular metre: bairdne fodesin, Murphy Metrics p. 65 § 60 . Also in other names of metres: bogb., casb., snedb. etc., p. 76 f. arbeittet bairtni bindi / . . . ainm nAeda, Thes. ii 295 § 8 (SP v).

n [ī], f. Also beinit (benaid, see Meyer, Misc. Hib. 31 § 10 ). binid (bineid, binib (sic), v.ll.) f., IGT Decl. § 13.

(a) rennet, curds: b.¤ .i. benait .i. benaid in n-as co mbī tiug .i. tēcht, Corm. Y 125 , Corm. 7. Bentraigi .i. benit-rīgi .i. millsen dliges rī Caisil dīb, Corm. Y 140. millsen (.i. gruth binnde) nó druchtán (.i. medg binde), Rule of Tallaght 3. ni ibheadh medg binde `rennet-whey', ibid. dognither . . . gruthrach doib acht ni theit b.¤ ind, LB 9b25 ( Trans. RIA xxiv 203.12 ) = Rule of Tallaght 5 ( Rule of Tallaght p. 64 ). coagulum .i. an binid, 23 K 42 , 391.14 . b.¤ uain `lamb's rennet', O'Gr. Cat. 191.18. ? im mairbinidh . . . .i. tomus na bracha, O'D. 517 (H.3.17, 420).

(b) name of a plant producing rennet, appar. used to prepare dye , Manners and Customs i ccccii : spatula foetida Fenicul .i. binid .i. ruidhel righ, ACL i 333 § 23.

conj (1 cét- + tomus . See Éigse vii 157 - 8 , CRR Gloss.). Earlier cétmus, whence cétus (-ús?). Also cétomus, -tumus. Freq. with len. ch-. GOI 248 .

(a) In phr. bad chotamus doṅ chetamus fair sin measure for measure, tit-for-tat , CRR 7 , 8 . ? Cf. ceadamus .i. in cetna ai for seis no in cetnai fis no in cétna amas forsa ḟaisnes, Lec. Gl. 180 . cetamus .i. cetna, Stowe Gl. 273 .

(b) Adv. firstly, to begin with, originally : ceadas .i. ar tús, O'Cl. cétmus `in the first place', Wb. 23b34 . ríi benn c.¤ (in list), Críth G. 448 . ropa cridiscel dam cedamus `my first wish was', Mon. Tall. 136.21 . cétus, Trip.² 635 . cētomus, Sc.M² 11 . itosuch chetumus, LL 13296 ( RC viii 48 ). cetar-cubaid garit dialtach cetomus (in list), IT iii 15 § 33 . cid ma tanic tu-su chidus . . . isin n-eclais?, YBL 146a15 . rob í ar gceardcha céadamhas (: solas), Ir. Review 1913, 594 § 5 . soil cédus, IGT Introd. § 23 .

(c) In wider sense however, moreover, indeed, even, etc.: ni aurtet ní laisim cetamus a tabirt `he does not hold it admissible, however, to give it', Mon. Tall. 143.14 . saer i suidiu ndair . . . daer i suide saeir cetamus on the other hand(?), Laws v 20.13 . nit athgénmár or E. Atotgénsa chetus ol in t-ócláech, LU 10801 (TE) `however', Ériu xii 175 . adfét dó . . . ainm cech prímdune . . . adfét dó chetumus a n-íathu ┐ a n-áthu moreover, LU 5106 = chetamus, TBC-I¹ 621 . con-aitchecht C. dig . . . Nís-fil and ch.¤ unfortunately there is none, BDD² 1432 . damad d'escairdibh cetamus noberad cosccur if only, CCath. 3700 . ni thuicemni cedus a raidhit we don't even understand what they say, IT iii 187.4 . chetus in ben sa is sí in glan genmnaid indeed(?), LU 3907 ( SCC 42 ). na hidail-sea citus, ni dat dee, PH 2353 `indeed', Gloss.

o, ā. Earlier -en. bean choitcheann, bean chaitcheann, IGT Decl. § 137 . See O'Rahilly, Ériu xiii 158 .

I As adj.

(a) common, general; usual, ordinary : de phurt choitchent `from a common part', Thes. i 6.23 . in denmada coitchin gl. factoris, Ml. 27b13 . huan bás coitchen hua n-epil cach gl. sulito . . . exitio, 73d7 . uisque c.¤ ordinary, 93b12 . it coitchena do cach ceniul gl. communes . . . omnium gentium, Sg. 10a1 . c.¤ gl. promiscuo, Ml. 37b2 . ind inne issi as c.¤ folad duine huile `that all man is of common substance', Sg. 28a2 (see note). co tici in crich c.¤ Doom, Rawl. 70b4 . ro innarbbad Adam a Pardus hi talmain coitchind, LL 20 . fon chetharaird cotchind, LL 31002 (TTr.). ceiled in cleithi c.¤ (sic leg.) `universal welkin', MR 240.5 . gairm cotchend do techt on Roim, Ann. Conn. 1300.9 . Rí caitcheand cāich (: taitnend), IGT Decl. ex. 1928 . cé hí an bliadain is coitceand and ┐ cé is bliadain ambolis `common . . . intercalary', O'Gr. Cat. 304.17 . ród coitchionn, DDána 23.1 . leis an maith ccoitchinn the common good, RSClára 18b . na tengthacha coittchenna, L. Chl. S. 52 .

(b) public; owned in common : huand seirc rigdai .i. follais nó choitchinn gl. puplico affectu, Ml. 124d13 . treb ch.¤ see treb. i tidhibh coitcinna na dlegar cin bidh foraib . . . no na tighibh féin, O'Curry 2535 ( Eg. 88, 44 (45)c ). i rud c.¤ no i sliab ch.¤ , O'D. 2270 ( Rawl. B 506 23b ). imbleith for lig .i. lia coitcend `common whetstone', Laws v 484.29 Comm. gaire in tsenorach coitchinn `whom they support in common', ii 284.20 Comm. in cathair coitcend, congairech . . . .i. Bruidis, ZCP vi 35.7 . teach n-aíded coitcheand, Mer. Uil.² 160 . a n-inad coitcind public place, Smaointe B. Chr. 2952 . iomad . . . scol gcoitcheann ré múnadh léighinn `public schools', Keat. iii 3033 . brughaidh coitcind conaigh (`general'), AFM iii 578 8 .

(c) Special senses: fiadnaise . . . coitcheann `impartial', Laws ii 344.16 Comm. mad coitcend fiadnaisi, v 24.23 Comm. fer edrana coitcindi, iii 238.22 Comm. co ro-p coitchend ┐ co ro-p fíren 'n-a fhuigell (of king), PH 4151 . taoiseach . . . / . . . coitcheann ceirtbhreathach, Magauran 2893 . tech c.¤ see tech (cf. co rainic an teg coitcionn, Duan. F. i 20.7 `privy', Gloss.). coit[ch]enn gl. commone (of unclean food), Thes. i 497.11 (Ardm.), cf. niór ith mé riám éun ní coitcheann, nó neamhghlan, Acts x 14 . ris na [mnáibh] coitchionna whores, Párl. na mB. 2578 . bheith catoilice, .i. bheith coitchend, Ó Héodhusa 33.16 .

(d) In gramm. contexts (see also under II): acciditi coitchenna gl. accedentia . . . generalia, Sg. 71b9 . onbrethir choitchind asberar suffragor, Gild. Lor. 1 . coitcenn ┐ diles ┐ ruidles dlegar don focul is eitged `common, a proper, and a peculiar application', Laws iii 94.23 Comm. ainm c.¤ doib uile generic name, i 258.20 . coitcend doip uili fedha do radh riu (of consonants), Auraic. 3555 . coitchend . . . o dialt immach (of tomus), 758 . coitcend a thapairt for cech innsge iter ciallaide no neamciallaide, saorda ┐ aigenta, 3031 . ann coitcheann `a.' used impersonally, Bard. Synt. Tr. 222.21 . ga háoinfhiodh as coitcheann a n-earnuile, IGT Introd. 5.14 . With regard to ann coitchenn, as coitchenn see further Éigse xxii 137 .

With DO: coitchen do cach peccad gl. generaliter, Ml. 56b41 . aní ba choitchen doaib sem huili, Sg. 50a3 . is c.¤ do cech belru, Ml. 42c14 . combad c.¤ a suillsi don tegluch to give light to the whole household, LU 9199 ( FB 92 ).

Compar.: níra choitchinniu Briccni da charait andá dá námait `no fairer', TBC-LL² 4870 = cotruime, St., `did not associate more freely', Ériu xiii 158 . naoimh oile . . . is coitchinne ioná . . . do luadhamar `more generally known', Keat. iii 1796 . conair is coitchinne, TSh. 10765 . Adv.: d'erfuacra na hesergi co c.¤ , LU 2512 . cucoitchend, Three Hom. 124.10 . ac adhmilledh na cruinne co coitcenn `the whole earth', Stair Erc. 629 .

II As subst.

(a) Gramm. In Sg. glosses of nouns which are of more than one gender and verbs with same form for a person of the sg. and a person of the pl., etc., appar. n.: coitchen decheneli common nouns, Sg. 63a1 (perh. compd., note). ara-necatar coitchena in or `common nouns in or', 65a11 . biid immurgu coitchen trechenélae in .x., 114b1 . coitchena so etir di árim in oenṡun (ἦλθον', 1. s. and 3 pl.), 72a2 . Note also: dede do airbeirt a gerind gnimo et coitchin gl. ab actiuis uel communibus nata, 149b7 . sechmoella coitchen hórangabáil sechmadacht gl. communia (uerba), 196b2 .

(b) common property, commonage : cach nī do choitchiunn fil etorru, Corp. Gen. 208.7 . ar morcoitcindib na crichi, ZCP x 307.29 . In phrases: in c.¤ the accepted (vulgate) version: doreir in coitchínd, BB 41a24 . do for[ṡ]lontib Ulad īar c.¤ , ZCP viii 331.10 i coitchiunn, i c.¤ in general, equally: dóib uili i coitciund, Ériu iv 144.21 . co brāth a coitcenn ┐ trie pithu sír jointly(?), ZCP viii 103.13 . ethuch i coitcenn etir Ecluis ┐ tuath `in general', Laws i 56.3 Comm. beantagha cháich i gcoitchinn (: binn) (of St. Margaret), DDána 68.41 .

(c) (monastic) community: cid do bíud bói isin choitchend, Lib. Hymn. 62.10 (B). tionoilit amach (sámadh, v.l.) an baile ┐ an coitcend go léir, ZCP x 10.18 . cleirech don coitchend (do muintir S., v.l.), 20 . comarba I. timchill coitchend Tuama da gualand, RC xviii 50.28 (Tig.). don choitchend cristaide, LB 200 marg. inf.

Compds. inna monistre .i. inna coitchennbet[h]ath cenobitic life, Thes. ii 27.36 (BCr.). ba coitchindbérla, úair ro foglaimthea leis bérla cacha tíri skilled in many languages, Mer. Uil.² 80 .

n ( tomus ) earlier cotomus. As calque: amal nibad hua nach comthumus .i. amal nibad fiu ní du thabairt tar ar næsi gl. nulla compensatione, Ml. 63d2 . co-estimation, assessment : conad hí ar comcisiu ┐ cottomus ar ciallḟer, LL 32429 `the judgment of our men of sense', TTr. 1624 . In phr. cotamus don cétamus see cétamus. In Laws of equivalence, equality of value (of objects), of standing (of persons); `commensurateness', Plummer MS. notes: bid cert im chotomus folad inbetreff der Gleichbemessung der Objekte (bei Verträgen usw.)', Cóic Con. 19 § 11 ( ZCP xix 170.13 ) = c.¤ , ibid. Comm. ( cotaimsiugad na folad, ZCP xix 170.18 ). is cert a c.¤ .i. gur ab cutruma in folaidh fria araile, O'D. 539 ( H 3.17, 433 ) = O'Curry 1613 ( 23 Q 6, 6 a ). co na fil cotomus doib fri log nenech, O'D. 668 ( H 3.17, 489b ) = O'Curry 2188 ( Eg. 88, 7a ). ni fuil ... comtomus fri logh neiniuch do na feraib, O'D. 305 (H 3.17. c. 238). ni fuil cotomus doib fri gradha acht gurab innraice their evidence is not of equal weight with that of noble grades(?), O'Curry 2569 ( Eg. 88, 48a ).

n o, m. (copp < Lat. cuppa, Ling. Val. Ir. Ann. 72 ). Also cu-, ca-. cup, goblet : copán gl. hic cupus, Ir. Gl. 479 . eter . . . curna ┐ copana, LU 1626 . tricha coppán créduma, TFerbe 406 . cupáin aici is caeim-eascra, Acall. 783 . muirn fa macamaibh / cuirm a copanaibh, IGT Metr. Faults § 65 . bít ag imchar chéri as ch.¤ , Decl. ex. 101 . bledhi airgid, ┐ copān airgid, RC xvii 52.11 (Tig.). ar nglacadh an chopáin dó, Mk. xiv 23 . coinne ris na copánaibh san teach óla, TSh. 10341 . gilla copáin cupbearer , L. Chl. S. 33 . In pn sobriquet: D. mac Concobuir in Copain, AU ii 404.22 = ALC i 534.6 .

As measure: lestar tomus isin copan bicc, Laws v 40.22 Comm. im choppánaib cormleanna, LL 32785 ( TTr. 1997 ). lán copain do mhidh, Lism. L. 2736 . an té ibhios a chapán a ndiaigh altuighthe, Mac Aingil 6467 .

n ā, f. nom. dám, later also dáim. gen. dáme, dáime (dáma). dat. dáim. n pl. dáma, daime.

I A company, legitimate number of guests, party, following, retinue . ni téige leosam dam no tascur tar dá fer décc, Laws i 48. 5 . ma dotí dam caem, 122. 7 . dá reib in fer ann is lándam muna raib is lethdam, ii 386. 12 . más co tomus in ḟir tancatar na dama is landam. más fo tomus na mná is lethdam, 386. 14 . fosuididter in ben lethdam in fir, 386. 6 . a daim dliged aice (comm.), 388. 12 . etech daime, i 56. 23 Comm. biathud daime, 142. 24 Comm. ii 388. 8 Comm. is cutruma in biad célsine ┐ biathud na daime, ii 232. 4 Comm. dia rucuidh imurcuid daime lesin flaith, 232. 6 Comm. an imurcuidh daime berur co tig in chéile, 232. 7 Comm. cen daim téchta, 388. 1 ; v 172. 15 . in cutruma nobia don daim, ii 26. 27 . dia tísit teora dama uaithi cin biad, v 122. 1 . má damu fuil agin flaith, ii 232. 2 Comm. coro láinbiathad daime a fir, 386. 9 . in flaith rochuiriustur na dama do chaithium bidh célsine, 26. 19 . má robhiathustar dama and, v 164. 13 . dál as chomtig fri dáma (gl. fri hegeda (hōegidu, v.l.), fri truagu), Hy. v 14 . dámḟial .i. fial fri dámaib, Gorm. Apr. 15 . is gess damsa dám oenmná do airitin iar fuiniud gréne, BDD 63 . fáilte fri dáma, Tec. Corm. 4 (l. 15) . orgain na dame, Ann. Inisf. 592 . srethugud a dáme for fecht féle, LL 187 a 44 . a biathad iarna dáim ┐ iarna grád ┐ iarna lín, 187 a 47 . ar bélaib a dámi ┐ a thascuir, 188 c 29 (cf. Laws i 48. 5 ). cen díl dámi resi without paying a company of storytellers RC xii 70 § 33 . giarb uathed do dám malle, TBC-LL¹ 4003 . rob uathad mo dám I was a party of one only MacCongl. 19. 23 . dám thrír, LL 207 b 5 . dám ochtair a lín, Dinds. 134 . dám nónbair, BDD 34 . cethrar lín a dama, Manners and Customs iii 491. 3 . seisser a dam i tuaith, ib. 496. 11 . ní théigead dam dimdach uada (sc. ón choire (choiriu) ansicen) FDG 408 . niba bruithi de acht daithin na dáime fana miad ┐ fana ngrad, ib. 409 (cf. Laws i 48. 11 ). gebe dáṁ dhúilech thí cusin nairchindech, Lism. L. 2711 . gráinid cride frisin dám sin, ACL iii 297. 7 . dáṁ a party, dining party O'D. Suppl. from Rawl. 487 . fail dáim nannsa inbar ndochum anocht, MacCongl. 87. 2 . ní ferr téit an dam ar (MS. indhamar) thicc, Rawl. 83 b 9 . dám ochtair, Todd Nenn. 48. 6 . na ndám as an epithet: Ádam...duine rodelb Dia na ndám, LL 136 b 15 . Diarmaid mac Aedha na ndaṁ of the retinues MacCarthy 416. 13 . Fergal mac Domnaill na ndám, LL 141 a 28 . anmand muntire na tromdáma, LL 27 b 55 . Referring to a single individual, guest : dám óenmná, BDD 52 § 63 . atá dámh is uaisli iná mé fein i focus accum .i. Find mac Cumaill, Acall. 5035 .

dám de...┐ dám (aile) de = cuit...cuit some...others (cf. cuit, foirenn). daim díb ar Colum Cilli dinnarba ┐ daim díb i ninad a sáraigthi siun i Tailltin ┐ daim i ninad trasci (leg. trascthi) na napstal i Temraig, Cog. 10. 19 sq.

II A bardic company, poets : cosbóir dílios gach dáiṁe, Oss. ii 296 . teach do dhénom do Niall...do díol dáṁ Éreann, AFM iv 706. 16 . post congṁála dáṁ ┐ deóradh, ib. vi 1908. 7 . ZCP viii 109. 17 , 22 . Gadelica ii. 101. 24 . romín an drem re dámaib, Hy Fiach. p. 216 . urra an drem dár ndámaibni, ib. p. 242 . ib. 256. 6 ; 260. 12 ; 270. 5 ; 274. 5 ; 294. 17 .

COMPDS. lán-dám Laws. oll-dám : nir bo olldamh oenmhuco, IT i 109.10 , ZCP x 369 . ríg-dám, q.v.

P. O'C. O'Br. O'R. and Dinneen also give the meaning kindred, relation, consanguinity, affection, friendship : dáim .i. gaodhal no báidh, P. O'C.

n o, m. A syllable (`dialt') or a combination of syllables up to octosyllables (`bricht') as a metrical unit, a verse-foot . deach .i. siolla, Gloss. no. 1, O'Curry It answers to Lat. pes (rendered by Ir. traig, which latter, however, is not in general use as a metr. term): is traig lasin laitneóir in dech lasin filid, IT iii 129. 1 . BB 327 a 24 . deach dno troich a bunad laiten, BB 321 b 32 . By the native grammarians explained

(a) as de-ḟuach: deach .i. defuach .i. deḟocul. fuach focul .i. comrag focail .i. dialt fri dialt i.e. two words (`fuach' means `word'), i.e. a union of words, namely a syllable with a syllable Corm., s.v. deeach .i. défuach .i. comrac dá sillab .i. traig ┐ cip lín sillab conrísat and iarsin is deeach a ainm beos, H 3.18, 68 a .

(b) as deg-ḟuach: deach... degfuach nó defuach dano a hinni, BB 321 b 32 .—Deach possibly an old derivative of dá (cf. dé-de and dé- in cpds.) and originally applied only to a verse-foot of two syllables ( comrac dá sillab, H 3.18 l.c. ). Deach i.e. disyllabic dĕ-äch with shortening of dē- in hiatus. Mir. déch.

n s. deach: ceist cia cruth suidigthir in deach. ni hansa. nach son oencongbálach dochuissin is dealt a deach. nach son dechongmálach dochuissin is recomrac a deach, ACL i 160. 10 sq. recomarc in deach tánaise iarcomarc in tress deach...bricht in tochtmad deach, Corm. s.v. Thr. Ir. Gl. 16. 4 f.b. sq., ib. 11 f.b. is deach is luigem ar ciatberar déach don dialt ní hirasa (= hirusu) sin, ib. 10 f.b. indles do dhialt deach, BB 321 b 40 . fid ┐ deach letter and verse-foot ib. 321 b 2 . in gné nó in cenél in deach, ib. 322 b 5 . co festar cia deach dona .viii. ndeachaib daroig in aisti, ib. 323 a 4 . deeach H. 3. 18, quoted above. déach: Corm. l.c. 16. 10 f.b. feilis in cethramad déach, ib. 1 f.b. —g s. deich: is fotha ṅdeich (sc. in dialt) the dialt is the foundation of `deach' Corm. l.c. 16. 8 f.b. sreatha deich (name of a metre) IT iii 95. 8 f.b. —a s. d s. deach: fri fid ┐ deach ┐ réim, &c. LL 37 a 18 . cenmotha fid ┐ deach, IT iii 6 § 3 n. BB 296 b 32 . desmirecht ar gach deach fo leith óthá dialt cotrici bricht, IT iii 20. 18 . dialt ...is aire at berar deach fobíth is fon deach, Corm. l.c. 16. 8 f.b. don deach fil ina dhíaidh .i. in cóiced deach, ib. 17. 5 .—n p. deich (i.e. deïch): ceist cislir deich docuissin BB 327 a 24 . 321 b 38 . IT iii 47. 20 ; 48. 1 . déich: ocht ndéich tra atrímet filid na nGædel, Corm. l.c. 16. 6 f.b. — d p. deachaib: is ó dheachaib sluintir alta na nhuad, BB 328 b 21 . deach dona .vii. ndeachaib ele, ib. 321 b 40 isna deachaib, ib. 321 b 35 . ní dlegar dona bardaib eolus i fedaib ná i ndeachaib, O'Dav. 771 . do deachaib, IT iii 20. 18 .—a p. deuchu: genmotha tomus fri fidiu ┐ deuchu, ib. 24. 15 . deochu, BB 321 a 7 . deachu: cenmotha fidu ┐ deachu, IT iii 6. 4 .

n o, m. A sacred tree, wood . Identical with Swedish Tived, the name of a wood. Only nom. & gen. sg. defid, deid, are found. A cpd. of 2 día + fid, u, m. For the change of inflexion, cf. tomus (g s. generally tomais, Laws; tomais, Ml. 20 a 21 ), cocath, fiss &c.— degfid, Laws v 474. 7 . deid, i 182. 5 .—Synon. with fid nemid: epe cacha feada acht fid nemead nó degfidh, Laws l.c. ; ib. i 164. 4 . fid defid the sacred wood, as opp. to the fid comaithchesa and fid in dírainn. degfid. .i. fid defid, ib. v 476. 3 . i 134. 21 . aithgin feda defid, ib.—Situated close to a dún, Laws i 134. 21 .—COMPD. deidud (†deḟidḟid) = fid deḟid: cinmotha fid neimidh nó deidud, Laws i 164. 4 .

n [iā, f. and io, m.?], also dinnra (Lat. dinarius)

(a) large mass, weight or measure used as a standard (see Hermathena xxi 3 ): d.¤ ainm tomuis, acht ni hinann gach d.¤ dibh .i. Gall-d.¤ ┐ d.¤ glasaigh, ┐ d.¤ umaidhe, ┐ d.¤ Patraic, O'Dav. 679 . lestar lulaice, da dirna dec ind, O'D. 903 ( H 3.17 645 ). Cf. dinnra clasaighe, .i. tomus bis 'con lucht claides ín clais, O'Curry 2083 ( H 4.22 70a ). diorna .i. nuimhir no tomhas, O'Cl. luin oc elaib, unga oc dīrnai (dirnaib, MS.) crotha banathech oc cruthuib rignai (rignaib, MS.) an ounce compared with a dírna, Corm. Y 69 . luin o cheolaib uingi o dirnaib (dirna ainm tomais moir), LU 330 (ACC). fordomdiur tri dírnu di argut ar teora férba, Corm. p. 20(s.v. fir) = fortomidiur tri dirna do argat arræ ar teoræ ferbai, Corm. Y 585 . lóg ndirnai di sainchrund the worth of a d.¤ of private property, Ériu vii 156.14 . mensas numulariorum (.i. inna dirnae), ZCP viii 174 . Hence in name of a celebrated stone: d.¤ .i. cloch, ut est d.¤ in Dagda, H 3.18. 650b . d.¤ .i. cloch in Dagdai, Triads 237 .

(b) crowd, large number (perh. through confusion with dírma, q.v.): rogabsat díorna don dreim sin | dana dfogloim fora ccuairt, Leb. Gab.(i) 238.29 . The following could belong here, but see fo-ceird III (e): focherd d.¤ mór dint slóg, TBC-I¹ 213 . rola d.¤ dina cathaib ┐ dina sluagaib ac déscid in láich sin, TBC-LL¹ 5391 ( TBC-LL² 4489 ), but cf. dirmæ TBC-I¹ 3288 , diorma mor don tsluagh mar tainic isin telaigh, TBC St. 4302 .

v (*to-air-cel-, cell-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 482 ; see also GOI § 760 ); inflexion generally follows cell- (-a-pres., -s-pret.), but pret. 3 s. do-don-airchéil, LU 10867 . subj. pres. 3 s. tairchela, Wb. 9d1 , fut. (?) 1 s. dofairchel, LL 116b4 point to cel-.

I Meanings deriving from cel-. Hides, withdraws, takes away: temel imorbais Ádaim | dodonarchéil ar āraim Adam's transgression makes it impossible to count us (lit. hides, withdraws us from counting), IT i 133 ( LU 10867 ). cid aratairchela na túari why should he withhold (?) the viands, Wb. 9d1 (see Thes. Suppl.). dofairchel-sa giall cech coicid . . . acht coiced Galion I will keep back (?) a hostage from each province saving the province of G. (Lebarcham's `célmaine'), LL 116b4 . dos-naircellsat leo in dá chét míled isna saebchuthib (the sea-monsters) carried off with them into the whirlpools, Alex. 680 .

II Meanings derived from cell-.

(a) encompasses, comprises, includes, contains: tairchella híc tra huili dánu in spirito he comprises (i.e. sums up) here all the gifts of the spirit (referring to 1 Corinth. xiii 2 ), Wb. 12b33 . do-rairchel ilar tiri . . . fo choemríge he included many lands under his sway, SR 6797 . connaba cumhachta do nach doen ara tairchella rosc 'so that no mortal will be able to see them all', TBith.² 213 § 92 . mos tairchella ēm sūil dar sodain, ol C. an eye soon takes in that (C. alludes to his own diminutive stature), TBC-I¹ 1176 = immonderca súil i sodain duit, TBC-LL¹ 1848 . ni taircell Eriu irmar | fer fo Mael minglan Erin contains not a man like M., AU 886 = ni taircheall, AFM 884 . do neuch taircella a cōicet-sa all whom this province contains, Noíndiu Ul. 57 ( K. Sächs. Gesell. Ber. 1884, 34 ) = Harl. 5280, fo. 54a . salim Dūid ced duaircellaithir ind-ōenlibur, Hib. Min. 4.106 . rotairchellta na groige i m-medón na scor were enclosed, Alex. 700 . Goes round, makes a circuit of: co taircell-som in loch annsin, Death-tales of the Ulster heroes 32 . co tairchellsatar relic ┐ martra Petair ┐ Phóil, LL 281az . Hence O'Dav. 1584 : tairchell .i. timchell.

(b) hems in, confines, hence transf. keeps in check, restrains, guards: esrecht .i. ni thaircilla recht (a pet) is outside the law, Corm. s.v. esrecht = taircella, Corm. Y 515 . dorairchel ilar tiri . . . Dauid, SR 6797 . bruitne . . . dia tairchella(n)d a eochu, LU 10236 = IT i 311 ( taircillid, ZCP iii 233 ). cúachi dí or . . . hi taircellad a folt in which her tresses were confined, ib.; cf. LU 9276 , 9278 . Anecd. iii 51 . ni taircellam damu fo chuinge, Alex. 861 . Anecd. v 3 . maic becca doairchellat bó im airbetha, Ériu ii 206 . to-t-airchill guard thyself, beware, Hib. Min. p. 77 . dosnaircelae hule int saltair `the psalter restrains them all' (or subj. pres.?), Mon. Tall. § 39 . nís tairchell (tairmchell, v.l.) báise burba `did not hold sway over it', Metr. Dinds. i 30 . Note also: triath trom tremaetha Erind tuath o thuind co tuind taircella tomus, conid iarna durn toimdither let him fix measures, that they may be measured according to his fist (? chief's forearm, etc., being taken as standard), Laws iv 344 .

Vn. tairchell.

v (* to-mid-, Pedersen Vgl. Gr. ii 579 ) Indic. pres. 3 s. du-mmidethar, Ml. 82a3 . 3 pl. domidet, SR 99 . Ipv. 3 pl. toimdet, ZCP xi 95 § 47 . Subj. pres. 3 s. dumestar, Ml. 68d1 . 3 pl. dumessatar, Enchir. Aug. 86b ( ZCP vii 485 ). Fut. 1 s. du-m-messur-sa, Ml. 78a11 . Pret. and perf. 3 s. da-mídair, TBC-LL¹ 2901 . (With -ro-) dorumadir si, Ml. 16c11 . doroemaidir, SR 2709 , cf. 7955 (form due to analogy of ¤roemaid from maidid, see Strachan, VSR 65 ). 1 pl. dos-ruimdemar, Fél. Ep. 6 . 3 pl. duruimdetar, Ml. 87c4 . Impf. pass. s. domitte, Corm. Y 606 . Part. toimse.

Vn. tomus . See also 1 toimsid, toimsigid.

Weighs, measures, estimates: gl. pendere, Enchir. Aug. 86b , adpendere, Ml. 82a3 , perpendere, 68d1 , ponderare, 87c4 , metiri, 78a11 , emetiri, 16c11 , 25a18 . Oft. with prep. FRI (or A) of standard of measurement: rí tadban tomus . . . o firmimint co talmain | fris domidet . . . fri tiget na talmanna, SR 99 . flesc idaith domitte (donmitte, LB) frisna collnai ┐ frisna adnacula which used to be measured to (i.e. by which bodies and graves used to be measured), Corm. Y 606 . fri cathardu ┐ eclaisi domiditer luicc by cities and churches places are estimated, Fél. 2.5 . taircella tomus conid iar n-a durn toimdither by his hand it is measured, Laws iv 344.x . lutu laime fir dod(o)-midi(gh)t[h]ur measures it = is the measure of it (?), ZCP xiv 345 § 6 ( Laws ii 232 ). is a dealt domiter recomrac from a syllable a disyllable is reckoned, Auraic. 1953 . a med Lugbae cerd[a] dorumidir (doirumidir, v.l.) Fachtna a n-argat ar na bu F. weighed the silver, Corm. Y 811 . cia doroemadair . . . coemchathir ind rig?, SR 7955 . doroemaidir bith . . . tirib | tuathaib . . . milib stadib he measured the world . . . by countries, peoples, miles, stadia, 2709 . buiden cech óin laithi | dosruimdemar remain we have measured them out above, Fél. Ep. 6 (dosrimemar, diruirmisem we have enumerated them, v.l.). arán toimse (a hermit's ration), Ériu ii 56 § 8 . Guesses, solves a riddle: niméte ni thormassid, 'no doubt you can solve it' Thes. ii 292.21 , Ériu xxxiv 195 . Adjudges: mou álib imdergadh emna; domider (leg. domidiur?) de secht cumala I adjudge for it seven cumals, Corm. 29 s.v. mánd (= admiudar, Laud). In fig. sense weighs, deliberates: damídair-sium a chomairle ra muintir, TBC-LL¹ 2901 . Calculates, plans, attempts: dammidethar . . . dia lémaim ┐ forémid (lit. he measures it for his (its?) leap), FB § 88 = domidethar an leim he calculates (attempts) the leap, Eg. damídhair a thrí brathbémmenda da béim bar Ultaib, TBC-LL¹ 6005 . mór gním do mnái brath a fir | dóig is friss rodasmidir `it was against him that she aimed it', Metr. Dinds. iii 254 , cf. Ériu ii 30 § 15 . Deems, judges, considers: is d' aimsir Adhaimh domidhter in gabhail so Ceasrach C.'s invasion is assigned to the age of Adam, BB 22b39 . toimdit áes na críche sin nach fil for bith inis is ferr inás, Marco P. 169 .

n i, f. In later lang. also dres, ā, f. dris f., IGT Decl. § 42 . bramble, briar, thorn-bush: driss gl. vepres, Sg. 47a8 , 70b1 . d.¤ gl. rubus, 65a10 . d.¤ gl. dumus ( tomús , MS.), Ir. Gl. 587 . d.¤ .i. der-uis .i. derōil ┐ uis, Corm. Y 475 . Classed among the losa feada (`bramble trees'), Laws iv 148.1 . narab tene dhuit in d.¤ , Mélusine iv 298.39 . crom feda déin d.¤ , SG 245.30 . drisiuc .i. inti is d.¤ ar letarthaighi, O'Dav. 724 . dreas deilgne `a prickling brier', Ezekiel xxviii 24 . oc losgud drisi, Ériu ii 229 § 1 . luaith drisi uire, 24 B 3, 91.27 . a náit na dreise tiocfaidh an crann mirtail aníos, Isaiah lv 13 . do theigéamhadh i nd.¤ , TSh. 10421 . drisi inna senchomrorcan, Ml. 2a6 . draigin drisi delgnacha, Ériu vii 2.16 . a ndrisi ┐ a ndraigne do beim dib, Laws i 128.8 Comm. drisi is truim is traghnadha | a n-oighridha co bráth, Laud 615, 199 . droigni is drisi rom-c[h]oirb, BS 108 § 54 . dreasa is droighin gut rébadh, 48 § 32 . a duille, a dreasa, a dercoinn, 110 § 54. dresa dilgnecha lán do smēraib, RC xxvi 160 § 46 . clandaigfead in talam dit spine ┐ drise delglecha, Lec. 530b8 . fásfuidh aníos drise ┐ dosáin, Isaiah v 6 . muine dresa a bramble brake, Lism. L. 2607 . motharmhuine móirdreasa a dense thicket of great briar(s), BS 24.1 . maethain drissi, 23 Q 5, 48.16 . maetan dresa, 24 B 3, 98.30 . ac réidiugad dres ┐ draighen, SG 35.42 . co facadur drisi imdha ┐ muinedha na hinnsi lán do smeraibh, KMMisc. 317.8 . minic mé a lāim acc dreasaibh, KMMisc. 352.29 . do thuit cuid oile don tsíol idir na dreasaibh (= inter spinas), TSh. 10471 . ata brig disgailtech isna smeraib fasus ar na drisibh, 23 O 23, 30a3 .

Compd. na dairge mur drestorthaibh acorns (as plentiful) as blackberries, ZCP ii 349.12 .