also árd.
árt,
Wb. 24d9
.
art,
Thes. ii 235.15
. Somet.
arad metri gratia, esp. in later lang.:
arad,
IT iii 104 § 202
.
arrad,
Ó Bruad. i 32 § xiv
.
arruidṡliocht,
23 G 24, 239.4
.
I Adj. o, ā
(a) Of objects not in contact with ground
high: innahí ruptar ardda dunnai (of planets),
Thes. ii 11.42
(BCr.). In compds.
tri ardlémend,
LU 4021
(
SCC 47
). ard-luth a eich high motion,
CCath. 4712
.
ardnem na náemh,
RC xxiv 372.25
. Cf. airdrenn, 2 airdrech.
(b)
high above ground, elevated, lofty
. Of a place: huand
luc digas no a.¤
gl. e loco editiore,
Ml. 58a12
.
47c19
.
isna
lucu arda,
23d23
. Of a mountain etc.:
hi tilchaib ardaib,
Ml. 14a9
.
iter da sliab arda,
TTebe 898
. Of a building
etc.:
gríanána . . . ardda,
MU² 201
. i n-iomdhaidh aird
raised high from floor(?),
Magauran 1380
. Cf. compd.
¤-lepaid:
iomdaighe ┐ árdleapthacha,
RC xiv 30 § 12
. go
rabat ind (leg. id ?) ardleabaidh / a mna a meic may they be
in Thy high bed (place of honour ?),
Anecd. ii 33 § 17
.
mairidh
an fhithchioll eagair / do h-imbearthaoi a n-áirdleabaidh,
ML 50.6
. Of a tree tall:
ind huinnius ardd,
Sg. 67a11
.
arnaib fedaib sonartaib ardaib,
Ml. 146a6
.
crann a.¤
,
Stair Erc. 384
. Of a vessel in compds.: fó inbiur in ardchori
`lofty cauldron' (deep ?),
MacCongl. 39.17
. airdiena (ardíana
v.l.) ibardha deep(?) yew vessels,
Anecd. ii 58 § 20
. Cf. 1
ardán.
(c) Of the sea: cathair ṡlúaigh do airg d'ḟoiléim / a ngoibéil
chúain aird ainiúil
deep(?),
IGT Decl. ex. 518
. In compds.:
an ardmhuir thened
high sea, ocean
(?),
Ériu ii 124 § 68
(calque from Lat. altum mare
, Deutsche, Kelten und Iren 99
).
tar ard mhuir cciachdhuibh `tossing',
Ir. Review 1913, 624
§ 16
.
dún is inber is ard-ler,
Metr. Dinds. iii 112.34
.
(d) Of sounds loud:
a.¤ aniu . . . gáir guil,
Cog. 96.3
. frecra
n-a.¤ n-obéle loud answer,
Tec. Corm. § 25.12
.
traetaít na
ciulu islí na ciuil arda,
BB 327b33
. In compds.:
blūsair .i. nuall
ardegóir,
O'Mulc. 180
=
O'Dav. 329
. firfid Findbennach
fri dond Cúalnge ardburach loud bellowing,
LU 10401
. ag
Eochaid Ardghair `of the loud cry',
Ériu i 81 § 11
. ardghaire
mbaeth loud foolish laugh,
Fél. 206.y
.
do breth a hardguth
for aird,
LL 9226
(TBC). árdghothach ┐ easurramach loud
and stubborn,
Proverbs vii 11
.
(e) Of colour:
fual . . . á.¤
,
Rosa Angl. 188.4
.
(f) In fig. usage. Of rank or superior quality noble, dist-
inguished: aire ardd, one of the grades of nobility
,
Críth G. 368
and
p. 69
.
Andreas a.¤ a ordan,
Fél. Feb. 6
. bit
áird úas dind ḟlatha exalted (of saints),
Prol. 155.
a bhanaltra
charthannach an Chomhachtaigh aoird mighty(?),
Hackett
xix 41
.
óclách a.¤, imnair,
IT i 79.2
.
art .i. uasal,
Metr. Gl.
27 § 35
.
Stowe Gl. 22
. Of foundations, institutions etc.
ba cóir ceniptis árdda do chongbala-su,
Trip.² 1564
.
bid
á.¤ bid úasal do chathir i talum,
472
.
abb ecailse ardae,
Fél. Jan. 2
. sacramaint ro-a.¤ a cuirp fein august,
Smaointe B. Chr. 3324
. Of a place: bátir Érenn ardae / la m'Luóc . . . /
grían Liss móir de Albae they were of noble Ireland,
Fél.
June 25
. Of a feast:
ré Notlaicc aird aurgaiss,
Fél. Nov. 13
.
In compds.:
domhnaighe . . . ┐ airdfheile,
AFM ii 952.15
,
casc . . . ardshollumun na bliadne principal festival,
Lism. L.
323
. Gramm. ón táoibhréim a. iollraidh i.e., the g
p. in a
dental,
IGT Introd. § 142
(see ísel).
In phr. ardu árosc, see árosc.
(g)
great, extensive(?):
ba ha.¤ in coscur .i. ba mor,
Thes.
ii 334.1
(Hy. v).
a.¤ .i. mor nó sochaide, ut est a.¤ in athlighi
.i. sochaide facbhuit ina lige,
O'Dav. 21
.
(h)
proud:
ná bísi ard nó íseall,
L. Cl. A. B. 132.58
.
atbert athesc a.¤
proud answer,
LL 19874
.
(i)
difficult, laborious, arduous
(based on Lat. arduus
JCL ix 44
): is rét a.¤ .i. foglaim inna
hirisse foirbthe gl. res ardua atque difficilis,
Ml. 14c10
.
roart
lessom epert friusom intsamli dæ,
Wb. 24c10
.
Equative:
ardithir . . . seólcrand prímlui[n]gi,
LU 6474
(TBC).
airdithir neolla nime gach fer dib,
RC xvii 416.38
.
goma hairdithir re h-én,
MR 300.11
.
Compar.:
cia thes hi loc bes ardu ní ardu de,
Ml. 23d23
.
ni arddu feisin quam a chocéle,
Sg. 161b9
. ni artu ní nim
`nothing is higher than heaven',
Thes. ii 248.3
.
arddu (arddiu
v.l.) dōinib / acht nōibrī nime,
Ält. Ir. Dicht. ii 10 § 4
.
airdiu
cach múr araile,
LU 2037
(
FA 11
).
airddiu,
IT i 77.13
.
harda (: Alba = Albu),
ZCP viii 197.11
. airdi sa hairdi
`higher and higher',
Études Celt. i 87.23
. As superl.
caithir
fhionn as airde múr,
DDána 119.19
.
Superl.
dobeir grád as ardam,
Fél. Ep. 207
. ardam dossaibh
highest of bushes,
Auraic. 5548
. ardam iactadh loudest of
groanings,
5575
.
Adv.:
eigis co ha.¤
,
TTebe 4407
. ?
teist dober cu arad ort /
tu labor olcc eltaide edranach,
IT iii 104 § 202
. is a.¤ do
ghradaigh si sibh she has loved you much,
Smaointe B. Chr.
4970
. ag foillsiughadh go ha.¤
showing openly,
Donlevy 62.28
.
In phrase ós a.¤
: gan feis lé fear ós a.¤
`publicly',
Keat. ii
2924
, cf. 1 aird.
II Subst. o
(a) high place, height:
etir fán ┐ ardd,
Ml. 140a2
.
conid Temair a hainm ind aird sin,
ZCP viii 313.29
. cit
n-é . . . ardae ┐ indbera do-riadhad ?
BDD² 456
.
rith fri ha.¤
,
Tec. Corm. § 21.8
.
tar Echtge na n-a.¤ 's na n-áth,
ZCP viii
222.8
. triall . . . ó arduibh iarthuir Eireann `hills',
Ir. Review 1913, 624 § 16
.
bás an daig[h]f[h]ir . . . / do theilg
thuinn a n-aighidh aird,
Bard. Synt. Tr. 24.28
.
gan leath-trom learg d'fhán nó d'a.¤ (: bard),
DDána 119.18
. eirnithe
cach na.¤
(of a wound. Cf. cnocbéim),
BCrólige 64
.
ní
léimid na héisc le hárdaibh eas,
Hackett xv 12
. mar do
ghabh sruth Iordan . . . a n-aghaidh áird i.e. flowed backwards, up-stream?
Eochairsg. 66.2
(cf.
Joshua iii 16
). Frequ.
in nn. loc:
Ard nGabla,
Metr. Dinds. i 40.29
.
Ard n-Umai,
RC xvi 79.20
. For further exx. see Hog. Onom.
(b) Of persons: isel fri art `lowly towards the high' (proud ?),
Thes. ii 235.15
.
in t-a.¤ . . . Ailill na n-áth,
LL 4207
.
tú in
t-a.¤ ós gach iomaire,
O'R. Poems 26
.
a n-aird ┐ a n-airdirc,
CCath. 4409
. ? ní cria . . . di ardd (di aird v.l.) `do not buy . . .
from a superior',
Tec. Corm. § 19.7
. art fine, one of the
titles of the head of the `fine' (`den aus der oder über die `fine'
Hervorragenden', Thurn., Mélanges ... à H. Pedersen 302
. In this
phrase always with final -t. Cf. 1 art etc.):
a.¤ uasal, unde
dicitur a.¤ fine,
Corm. Y 26
.
in t-a.¤ fine .i. inti is airdi don
fine,
O'Dav. 486
.
dia mbe a.¤ fine ar aird . . . is a.¤ fine icus,
Laws v 224.14 Comm.
dia tisad a.¤ fine fae,
13 Comm.
(c) Various:
is caín cech a.¤
,
LU 3915
(
SCC 43
). a.¤ n-athe
(of a king),
ZCP viii 108.6
.
tomus fri arddu (a sign of bad
pleading),
LL 345e14
(
Tec. Corm. § 22 n.12
). ní guais
áidh . . . / do bheanfodh dhe dol ar a.¤ (: Tadhg) `from growing
to be great',
O'Hara 4400
. In phrase a.¤ i n-a.¤ fri see 1 aird.
(d) Metrical term for a final rhyming or consonating
syllable in the metre rinnard
, see
RC vi 273
,
298
;
vii 87 ff.
;
Murphy Metrics 28
,
35
.
rindaird dá n-a.¤, rinnaird tri n-a.¤,
rinnaird iiii n-a.¤
,
Fél. 4.z
.,
IT iii 137
. fil and mór nard
ṅáille (of the metre of the Fél.),
Fél. Ep. 83
. In compd.
¤-breccad internal assonance,
IT iii 87 § 95
.
Compds. Used with nouns, adjj. and verbs. Besides its
use in literal sense often indicates pre-eminence in rank or
excellency over others of the same designation e.g. ardrí
over-king
(see rí). ardḟlaith (flaith. ardlathi `
chief princes
',
Wb. 1a3
). ardap (ap)
chief abbot
(of the a. of Clonmacnoise,
RC xviii 287.15
Tig.). ardepscop (epscop)
archbishop
. ardṡuí
(suí) chief sage. ardáenach (óenach, of Taillte,
Keat. ii 3851
).
ardídal (
ídal. á. na Héirenn .i. Cenn Crúaich,
Trip.² 1005
).
Cf. ardchaerich adobcomnaicsi, ardlias duib, lias bec anisiu,
caerig beca ann you are important sheep and have a great fold;
this is a small fold with small sheep in it,
Anecd. i 41.25
.
Frequ. a mere intensive or alliterative prefix adding
little to the meaning. A representative selection is given
below. Some compds. have been included above to illustrate meanings.
(a) With nouns.
¤-aicned
haughtiness:
nír
dhénta uaill na ardaignedh,
Études Celt. i 85.28
.
¤-ammus
judgement, estimate
(interchanges with airdmes),
O'Curry 1063
(
H 3.18, 439a
) =
airdmes,
O'D. 1629
(H. 5.15, 16b).
O'D. 542
(
H 3.17, 434
).
O'Curry 2578
(
Eg. 88, 49(50)a
).
¤-broenud gl. imber,
Metr. Gl. 5.2
,
RC xx 276.23
(ACC).
¤-chell
chief church: na tri haird-cealla (Maedóc's settlements),
BNnÉ 260 § 220
. ?
¤-chellach incumbent of an ardchell(?):
Adamnan ardcellach,
Flower Cat. 490.30
.
¤-chend, as adj.
having a lofty head:
ech . . . ardchend,
LU 8661
(
FB 49
).
da ech . . . ardchind,
8592
(ib.
45
).
for echaib ardchendaib,
Alex. 253
.
a Brain ardchind,
LL 306a7
. As subst.
a. iarthair Eorpa ar . . . ecna,
AFM ii 838.2
.
Moling 50
.
¤chless juggling in the air: ardchless co n-ublaib 'juggling in the air with balls'
Celtica viii 149 (Mellbretha)
.
¤-chustal:
a. ┐ drochgné fair,
LU 10829
`his loins girt(?)',
Ériu xii
178 § 9
(TE).
¤-chor: ardchur ag an bpríomháid air while
the primate had authority over him,
Keat. iii 303
. árdchor
aige ar na Scotaibh he had supremacy over the Scots,
i 14.16.
¤-gabáil: gabaid a lēnid i n-ardgabāil `tucked up his
shirt',
MacCongl. 9.25
. in ardgabail-sea doníat in cuanairt
. . . `high-catching',
Acall. 7385
. claideb . . . i n-a. gaili fora
chris raised, uplifted (for action),
LU 6561
(TBC) =
i n-ardgabail churad bar a chlíu,
TBC-LL¹ 5340
. So also
RC xliii
82 § 84
. seol grás uaidhe ar ardghabháil `a sail of graces is
hoisted by Him',
Aithd. D. 60.5
. do ardgabalaib in domuin
chief conquests,
ZCP iii 17.2
.
¤-gal:
go gclos go nemh an a.,
Duan. F. i 32.9
. As n.pr.
co teach Eachdach meic Ardgail,
ZCP viii 219.27
.
¤-gním
breast-work, rampart:
airdgníma (adhgnímha v.l.) caelaig,
CCath. 1394
.
¤-mac
: ardmhac
oglaig (oppd. to certmac o.),
O'Curry 285
(H 3.18, 157) `chief son',
Plummer MS notes.
crichaireacht ... a taiseach, ┐a n-ard mac n-oglach, ┐ a n-olloman,
Iar Conn. 368
(H. 2. 17, 188b).
¤-menma: dimus ┐a. arrogance,
CCath.
3868
.
¤-mess: nir nanacht airdmes roclos / no chairdes no
condolbos great esteem did not save him,
SR 3135
.
tria na
n-a. ra halta / a cairdes bud ceṅgalta,
LL 7134
.
¤-nemed:
atnaig tar fót crúach i n-a. di[a] díte he conveys him over
the bloody ground into full sanctuary for his protection,
Críth G. 54
.
¤-nert
superior power:
ardneart Muman do gabail
dó,
AFM ii 1098.8
.
¤-nós:
alladh ┐ ardnos,
AFM vi 2368.4
. As
n.pr.
Grigair mac Ardnōis,
ZCP viii 114.25
.
¤-phersa
: techtiri ártphersine gl. Christi apostoli,
Wb. 24d9
.
¤-radarc
: ed
ardradairc . . . úan fa deas atá `of a great prospect',
Ériu iv
142.16
.
gurab eissan ardriaghlaightheoir nimhe & talmhan e,
Adtimchiol 27b11
.
¤ríge
high kingship
:
debthaig immonn-ardríge,
SR 6538
.
¤-scél
: innisim dó mh'airdsgēla great news,
ZCP
viii 220.40
.
¤-ṡreb
: ō chéibh īochtuir airdshreibhi,
O'R. Poems
204
.
¤taoiseach 'haut chef'
Études Celt. xii 514
.
¤-thuile
: abann ard-tuile in full spate,
BNnÉ 108 § 33
.
(b) With adjj.
¤-aicentach: do bhádar árdaigeantach
haughty,
Ezekiel xvi 50
.
¤érmach, éirmech:
an agh fholuaimneach ard-érmeach,
Acall. (Leabh. ó Laimhsgr.) ii 27.22
.
¤-mór
: esculus . . . .i. fid arddmár
`a very high tree',
Sg. 53a7
.
ar muraib ardmoraib an baili,
TTebe 4453
.
trí chert Amairgen ardmóir,
LL 1762
.
¤-menmnach
: airecht . . . a. high-spirited,
CCath. 5362
.
¤-medrach
sportive (of a wave),
ML 94.16
.
¤-mín
: a ingenraid n-a. tall
and gentle,
LU 3601
(
SCC 30
).
óclach seta fata . . . n-a.,
LL 11793
.
¤-réil
: co sleib n-Ailp n-a. lofty and bright,
Rawl.
78b35
.
¤-úallach high and haughty. As n.pr.
a. ingen Ḟind,
Acall. 6453
.
¤-úasal
: a ardrí . . . a.,
MU² 834
.
cech etha
ardūasail imbeth,
ZCP xi 92 § 19
.
(c) With vbs.
¤-chuirid
: d'ardchuir m'atuirse which increased my sadness,
Hackett xii 29
.
¤-ḟodlaid
: maith fáth
ro hardfódlad de was nobly divided(?),
LB 185a21
.
¤-gaibid
:
ro ardgaib Assal,
Fen. 342.20
.
¤-légaid
: airdleghais B. . . . an
leabar ngreccda read aloud,
BNnÉ 84 § 169
(cf. ar-léga).
¤-lesaigid
ir:
ro hoiled ┐ ro hardleasaidhedh í (of Mary),
Ev.Inf. (LFF) 171 § 24
. ró hoiled ┐ rohardleasáigiodh iad educated to a high
standard,
RC xiv 28 § 6
.
¤-mesaid
: ar a eól is ardmesta `for his
knowledge he deserves high esteem',
Metr. Dinds. iii 438.8
.
¤-rígaid: airdrīghaigh rí,
ZCP viii 205.4
.
¤-thidlaicid: ro
edhbair ┐ ro ardthiodhlaic he nobly bestowed,
Anecd. iii 6. x
.