I adj o-ā
(a)
true, veracious
, used as pred. with cop.; as
attrib. usually in composition with noun, seldom following
it.
f.¤ ... a uero latine
,
Corm. Y 639
. gl. verus
Ml. 24d16
.
60b11
.
as f.¤ aní chanas,
24d14
.
is fāss dúnni a pridchimme
manid f.¤
,
Wb. 13b14
. f.¤ inna rādisiu what thou sayest is true
LU 8455
(
FB 31
).
dūs in f.¤ mar atbeire,
SR 1268
.
in fir
a n-atfiadat?,
CRR 29
.
is f.¤, ol se, is e so Crist,
PH 679
.
ni f.¤ sin (contradicting a statement)
2715
. Absol. confirming
a preceding fact or statement:
f.¤, ar se, ingen fil and,
LL
259b43
(
LMU 5
).
f.¤, ar in drai,
RC xxiv 174.15
. f.¤ is munter
Dé fogniat [sic leg.],
Snedg. u. Mac R 9.21
=
is derb, ar
siad, is munter Dé,
RC xxvi 136.27
. Adv.: co mbia co f.¤
esergi that there will truly be a resurrection
PH 1074
.
uere
.i. co f.¤
,
7983
.
atberim co fír fír frib ...,
5036
.
go fíor,
Duan. F. i 28.3
. pl.
it na huili besgna ata fira
,
Thes. ii 7.26
.
at
fíra do briathra,
PH 794
. IS F.¤ DÓ he is right: olsodin nad
f.¤ ndoib however in that they lie
Ml. 16a10
.
ba f.¤ ám do Ch.
aní sin,
TBC-LL¹ 5767
.
4692
.
5719
.
fír dam, or A. ni fīr or L.,
LL 288b27
. ni f.¤ dún ar mbeith amlaid we err (in claiming) to
be so
PH 7945
. más f.¤ dhamhsa if I am not mistaken
O'Dav.
1244
. IS F.¤ LIMM I deem it true, I believe:
do retaib ata
chosmaili fri f.¤ la doini ┐ bes ni bat fira la Dia,
Ml. 51b8
.
BID F.¤
it will prove true, come to pass: bid f.¤ a tairngire
Wb. 2c19
.
hóre bas f.¤ quod dicam
,
17d20
. Cf. pret.: ba f.¤
son re cind in tres laí it came true (
happened
)
LL 283a9
.
Used idiomatically in assenting to a proposal or the reverse:
cuir in da chend, a L., issin carpat ... Bid f.¤ for L. it shall
be done
LL 110b31
(
RC xiv 422
). ní bá f.¤ sin that shall
not be!
LU 8199
(
FB 14
).
Mer. Uil. 46
. ni ba f.¤ ... Cet
do rainn na mucce it shall not be that C. divide the pig
ScM. 9
.
ROP F.¤
may it come to pass
Hy i 39
. corap f.¤ amal atrubrabar!
PH 2774
.
amen .i. rop f.¤
so be it
7981
. MAS Ḟ. (in later
poetry)
if it is true = `according to statement', `it is said':
an séad, a Dhé, ina mbia ar mbríogh | más fíor is é bhus
dia dhúnn,
Dán Dé xxiii 11
.
éantoirrcheas, más ḟíor,
iaidséin,
TD 26.7
.
ionann ḟáisdine, más ḟíor, do mhac is
d'adhbhar airdríogh,
21.31
. más ḟíor dá lán according to
many
28.40
.
fír dhe (cheville),
Duan. F. 25.4
;
ii 68.10
.
As attrib.:
breth f.¤
,
SR 3321
.
dar mo bréthir ḟ.¤
,
IT i 122.1
.
g
s. f.
inna Trínóite fíri (fire v.l.),
Hy ii 42
. Cf. foxal fainne fíre
SR 3594
(but see fíre). pl.
bretha fira
,
Ml. 89b14
.
teora
coibsen fira,
IT iii 197.24
. tri bliadhna fira .xx. `righteous' (?)
BB 50a24
(
MacCarthy 414
).
sgéla fíora,
Duan. F. ii 2.3
.
d
s. as adv.: ind
fír
(gl. amen)
Wb. 14c32
. ind
ḟír
(gl. vero)
Sg. 106a5
. Equat.
firithir lebor
as true as
LL 43b23
. Compar.
ataa ani as firiu oldas a ndeda sa,
Hib. Min. 10.348
. is firu
damsa! ní firiu duidsiu! I am right! you are wrong!
Ériu viii 157.15
.
atberait aroli comboi ... ┐ is fíre són,
LB
148a10
. superl.
firium,
Laws i 106.1
(?).
fíremh,
Ériu xiii
17.30
. Cf.
fíream,
Laws iv 34.1
.
(b)
genuine: pleurisis
fhíre ┐ pleurisis nach fír
true pleurisy and spurious
O'Gr. Cat. 188 § 45
.
II subst. n. later m. g
s.
cosmailius
fír
,
Ml. 55d25
.
arach
fir
,
Cóic Con. 17.1
(other exx. below); later fíra,
fíre.
(a) what is true; truth, right:
gáo et f.¤
,
Wb. 14c22
. f.¤
n-uile sicut dixi
(gl. veritas facta est)
16b22
.
f.¤ neich,
30d14
(= iustitia).
fer nolabrad f.¤ ┐ no chairiged gó,
PH 825
. tan
renas ... a ḟir for in gae when he barters truth for falsehood
(i.e. right for wrong, of a king)
ACL iii 315.6
. f.¤ n-aignaid
┐ screbtra truth natural and revealed
Laws v 430.23
. Ailbhe
co ffīor `A. the truthful'
Duan. F. i 6.3
. With poss. pron.:
abbair a ḟ.¤ frind,
LU 4544
. ráid a fh.¤ dūn tell us the truth
about it
PH 1063
. is é a ḟíor this is the truth of it
Ir. Monthly
1928, 549
.
isé a ḟíor is ní brēcc dhamh,
ZCP viii 225.3
.
sinagoga ... congregatio ... ed a f.¤ isin laitin `c.' is the right
word for it in Latin
113 § 4
. ce raib se ina fh.¤
though it be
true
PH 7324
. In asseveration or adjuration:
dar f.¤ ar
cubais,
TBC-LL¹ 110
.
ar f.¤ do gascid,
4663
.
for f.¤ do ḟlatha,
LL
251a48
(
TBFr. § 23
).
for f.¤ th'ainich ┐ t'anma,
LL
251b1
(ib.).
Concrete: co n-indistar fir cacha ceatramhan until a truth
(true story) be told for every quarter
IT iii 196 § 40
. IAR F.¤
according to truth, really, actually: delb nad bí iar f.¤
(gl.
imaginis)
Ml. 91d1
. túarascbail ... inna n-airecht sin amal
itát iar f.¤
as they are in reality
LU 1997
(
FA 6
).
is iat sin
na fírUlaid iar f.¤
,
ZCP viii 326.9
.
na hIúdaide cristaide ...
na hIúdaide iar ḟír
,
LB 158b19
.
isat cara iar ndreich ... cen
cop ed iar f.¤
,
PH 3100
. Cf. iar fíraib
truly, really (?)
LL 5b49
.
tría fhíribh,
Duan. F. i 88.13
(: ríghe).
(b) a pledge, guarantee: dobretha f.¤ fris .i. f.¤ ciche ┐ gruaide, nime ┐ talman,
grēine ┐ ēsca, etc.
Rawl. 132a31
(
Ériu xi 95
).
ro lasett each
an ríg ... for f.¤ comairci Colmáin,
BColm. 90.6
.
adguiter
f.¤ hOengasa [leg. nOen.] ... fris ┐ fir flatha na nDéisi,
Ériu
iii 140.170
. cf.
la fior flatha frisa ngaibther,
Ériu xiii 31.3
.
da fir dhec flatha, below, end of (c). cach fír dar ná tecar
slán `every pledge that is not transgressed with safety'
Metr. Dinds. iii 6.65
. Cf. ferr fir fonaidm .i. na trebaire a pledge
is better than a bond
O'Curry 1756
(
23 Q 6, 34b
) =
O'Curry 511
(t.
cen folad) (<
H 3.18, 259
).
(c) an attestation; a proof,
test, ordeal: technical term in Law, one of the five `conara
fugill' or recognized methods of procedure in pleading,
see
Cóic Con. p. 8
,
17ff
. Here perh.
i mmes fíra,
Ml.
26c12
(see fíre).
is ed so acarar [sic leg.] forin conair
fugill is fir: cinta comraitti ┐ anfoit lanḟiachaig ┐ cach
cin imna dir logad no trocaire,
Cóic Con. 17 § 5
.
uide
īce in fira .i. in fir lai ┐ in fir Dé ┐ in fir cuir ┐ cunnartha ... in
leth-fir testa ... in lan-fir teasta,
O'Curry 333
(<
H 3.18, 183
).
Cf.
Cóic Con. 67
.
mac mná dobheir fior i logh a ruice,
Ériu xiii 31.28
. f.¤ nDé a religious ordeal or attestation:
in
inbaidh aititnither ... is fir nDé uadh ...; muna aititnighe
... is arra cuir ...,
O'Curry 2003 Comm.
(<
H 4.22, 30
).
comadh ann robeth in fir dé so lais iar nemfadbail fire
daoine,
Laws iv 294.7 Comm.
co dtisadh a bfir do cach iar
bfir De (.i. na eclaise) ┐ duine (.i. na tuaithi),
O'Curry 1607
(<
23 Q 6, 5a
). lia do fír fri ... aiṅcessa māra (.i. fris inni is anfis
do neoch forna fagabthar breth acht fir ṅDe) thou shalt
follow (the way of) ordeal in cases of, etc.,
Cóic Con. 16 § 3
.
37 § 50
.
is cranncur fíre De docurethur ru,
O'D. 900
.
(<
H 3.17 c. 644
). f.¤ testa
compurgation:
O'Curry 2591
(<
Eg.
88, 50b
), see
Cóic Con. 67
. lucht fira
compurgators:
Cóic Con. 32 § 29
.
in t-espuc, is greim cuicir gobas a
lucht fira a leith re dainib ele, ┐ ni gabann acht greim
aengraidh i leith ris fein,
O'Curry 1058
(<
H 3.18, 438a_b
).
f.¤ dochum reilgi an attestation made in a churchyard
Cóic Con. 64 § 14
.
Ériu ix 114
. f.¤ n-airisme fri haltoir the
test of standing at the altar
Laws v 470.34
(see
IT iii 192
).
f.¤ caire no crannchuir ordeal of the cauldron or of lot
Laws
iv
294.3 Comm.
coiri fír .i. lestur ... fri dealochadh firindi
┐ góa,
IT iii 191 § 21
. crand fīr
`test-tree,' tree of ordeal
Laws iv 146.27
; a name for the
aspen
,
Auraic. 1195
. tal
no slisean seancraind, leasdar Baduirnd, trelia mothar no
fir n-airisme fri haltoir, no fir fogearrta no comperta naime:
ate ind sin fira ro suidistar Padraic do gleod fer nErend,
Laws v 470
(see
IT iii 188
, where three of these are included
in the da fir dhec flatha `the twelve ordeals').
(d)
right,
due: ara tisad a f.¤ cach that everyone might `attain to his
right'
Laws i 152.1
. oc tacra a ḟír
`arguing his right'
Trip.
128.3
. is im fir ban ciato-imargaet roe `about the true
right of women' [ = for a case (i.e. dispute) of women ?]
Laws i 150.13
. Cf.
fria hiomasdad a ffíor fri breith,
Ériu
xiii 34.7
(perh. belonging to c).
(e) various phrases:
F.¤ CATHA `truth of battle,' a just cause in fight:
risnā ragbad
ríam ... f.¤c. nā fornirt [leg. fornert ?] comlaind,
TBC-LL¹ 5083
(perhaps against whom neither equal nor superior numbers
ever prevailed). co nā gabdais f.¤ c. fria n-athair that they
might not have right on their side in opposing their father
(of the three Finn Emna)
Dinds. 140
, corresp. to:
cumbad
olc a f.¤ c. i n-agaid a n-ardḟlatha,
Metr. Dinds. iv 44z
.
ba
fearr a f.¤c. ┐ comlaind sin im a nduthaigh [sic leg.) ... innas
im an ferand forgabala,
Cog. 70.6
. táinig re síol bhflatha
Fáil | gan ḟíor gcatha do chongbháil
it turned out ill for ...
that they had not right on their side
TD 18.28
.
éirghidh ar
Ulltaibh, óir atá fíor gcatha agaibh chuca,
Keat. ii 5643
.
feirrde m'fhior chatha sa sin my cause of quarrel is the juster
Content. xiv 4
. tré neimhḟíor gcatha in an unjust cause
viii 24
. F.¤ FER
fair play (in combat), single combat:
acht cor damthar
fir fer dam, ol se, atbér. is cóir f.¤ f. do chomollod ... ar ní
f.¤ f. do slúag mór muinterda brisiud for óenfer,
LU 9213
(
FB 94
).
nosgeodainseom huile ... uair rombrisiset fir
fer fair,
TBC-I¹ 809
(=
LU 5284
).
rop áil damsa or L. conumrabad fir fer úaitsiu. cidón? or C. connachamthised úait
acht oenlám. ar ni ḟil acht oenlám lim,
LL 122b5
(
RC iii 184
).
ni damar f.¤ f. dam na comlond,
TBC-LL¹ 4706
.
ní rodamhadh f.¤
fer ná comhlann fo coimhlíon dóibh acht ro chinn an t-iolar
ar uathadh,
AFM iv 996.14
.
is and sin conbocht f.¤ f. fairseom
... día lotar in cóicfer cucaiseom,
LU 6240
.
dogniat aní sein ┐
dobreth a f.¤ f. fris,
Ériu iii 137.50
(but
Rawl. B 502, 132a31
has here:
dobretha fir fris .i. fir ciche ┐ gruaide, etc., cited above under
b).
fior fer frisa ngaibhther,
Ériu xiii 34.10
. Cf.
muirbhfit ...
iat i bhfir aeinḟir,
RC xliii 24.9
. F.¤ FÉNE the truth (justice) of
the F.,
itbath fir Fene,
Laws i 150.17
.
adbath fir Feiniu
manipad cuicthi,
250y
. F.¤ FLATHA the word of a prince;
justice of a ruler: ní fíor flathu deit, a rí ..., a n-udbere
thy sentence is unworthy of a just ruler
RC xii 64.26
. co
comet fir flatha .i. mess cacha bliadne, etc. (effects of just
rule)
xvi 280.7
.
is tre ḟ.¤ flathemon cach recht rán ... cach
tír toirthech,
ZCP xi 81 §§ 12.14
.
tré ḟíor ḟlatha ... tig ...
iasg i n-inbhear,
Content. vi 67
. asbertatar U. a mmarbad.
ni thó, ar sisi, ar is coll fír f.¤ damsa the U. said that they
should be killed. Nay, said she, for that is a violation of a
prince's truth on my part
RC xvi 281. 2
. F.¤ NGASCID
fair
fighting:
ní f.¤ ṅg. ... comrac frimsa co n-oenláim,
LL 116b39
(
RC viii 58
). Cf. ní fír laechdachta dó tuidecht ar mo chendsa
LU 6014
.
Compds.
A With subst. common as adj. prefix in sense
(a)
veracious, true, just:
¤brithem a just judge
Ml. 27c1
.
dond ¤brithemain,
26c11
(gl. cognitori)
Wb. 8d25
.
¤brithemnacht a just judgment: g
s.
¤brithemnachtae (opp. to
gūbrithemnacht)
Ml. 103c2
.
¤breth id.: pl.
-a,
SR 8325
.
¤dliged
just, true rule: fili ... nach oide fīrdhlighidh
ZCP viii 208.22
.
¤dul: iar f. (: dīlgud) according to
right procedure, as is meet
SR 1607
.
¤mess
true, righteous
judgment: ind fírmessa
(gl. aequitatis)
Ml. 103d1
.
¤mod:
fīrmod sōn,
Corm. Y § 149
.
firmodh son,
YBL 245 a 54 (Immacallam In Dá Thúarad)
,
ZCP xxi 325
.
¤scél
true account:
ni innisim acht f.,
Acall. 1428
. Less freq.
in later texts; cf. fírferg: rinn ar bhḟírḟeirge `
just wrath
'
TD 3.12
.
(b)
veritable, genuine, real
(very common; cf.
older Engl. use of very < Fr. vrai):
¤dia: conapad f. mac
that the Son should not be very God
Ml. 21c12
.
Wb. 2d8
. fíordia
... fíordhuine very God ... very man
ZCP viii 199.22
(but: in fírdía the true God
, opp. to dee `
heathen gods
'
PH 433
,
2347
).
¤duine:
ní for fírduine rolaset a ṅgona
acht is for corthe cloche,
Thes. ii 343y
(Comm. on
Hy v 66
).
amal fírdhuine like a veritable human being
PH 5642
.
¤aingel: messimir inna fíraingliu `the very angels'
Wb.
9c10
.
¤mac: f. aicnid ní a uccu `a very son of nature, not
from adoption'
32b6
.
conid f. Dé Ísu Crist,
PH 2179
.
¤chlann: Eua ..., fotha febda fírclainne of genuine offspring (?)
SR 1064
.
¤chorp: is a ḟirchurp a doenachta
atracht Crist a bás the real body of His humanity
PH 6743
.
Cf. further: am fírisrahelte a true Israelite
Wb. 23d30
.
is iat sin na fírUlaid the genuine Ultonians
Rawl. 156b46
,
ZCP viii 326.9
. frisna ¤adnacla (gl. non in domibus sed
in sepulcris)
Ml. 83d3
. is ¤briathar Dé (gl. non ut verbum
hominum sed ... verbum Dei)
Wb. 24d22
. fíor-fhraochdacht
genuine fury
(= asperitatem veram)
TSh. 8130
. in ¤gním
the real action
Sg. 139a3
. inna ¤neuturáldi the true neuters
140a6
.
¤chara a genuine friend: g
p.
na fircarat
,
CCath.
5562
. cf. fiórnámha `a veritable foe
'
TD 13.8
.
¤chlérech
a true cleric:
las na firclerchiu,
Mon. Tall. § 13
.
¤dia the real
God
PH 433
(see above).
¤flaith a true, rightful prince:
issin
t[ṡ]ossud na fírflatha,
LU 10752
(
TE 11
). cosin f. (i.e. God)
SR 1812
.
¤rí
true King: isé in fír-rig (of God)
PH 1808
.
Passing into sense of
exact:
¤chenn sróna the very tip
ZCP
iii 34.19
. co firc[h]leit[h]i sleibi Olimp the very summit
CCath. 5629
. i ¤dorus Chilli M. right in front of
Trip. 136.16
.
gáeth ... ina ¤ētan right in their faces
LU 2184
(
FA 26
).
hi firmedón na cuardae the very centre
BDD 72
.
¤mhullach
Sléibi Smóil the very top
Acall. 3925
. i ffiorthaobh ratha
Oiligh the very side of the fort
Leb. Gab.(i) i. 180.18
(cf. a dorus
assa firthoeb (of the Ark)
SR 2468
, where pref. seems
otiose). 'na firiarthur right at the west end
SR 4256
.
¤iarthar in betha,
TTr.² 40
. frisin n-eclais a ¤thuaid due
north of the church
SR 4440
. i ¤ichtur inn aigeoin the very
bottom
CCath. 1386
. (hence adj.
¤íchtarach: superl. don
chuid is fíríochtaruidh don bholg the innermost parts
Proverbs
xxvi 22
). for a fir-uachtur on its very top
SR 4332
.
i ffíorthosach na bliadhna,
AFM vi 2096.4
. ó fhíorthús na n-aimsear
from earliest times
TSh. 2917
. Very common with abstracts
=
true, genuine or merely intens. downright, sheer:
¤aicned:
bretha firaicnid `judgements of true nature'
Laws i 16.10
.
a fīraicned screptra ┐ chuibsi,
Ériu i 214.6
.
¤athrige genuine
repentance
PH 2241
.
¤chaín
true smoothness; gentleness
,
in phr. f.¤ fáilte a hearty welcome:
IT i 120.32
.
Acall. 5830
.
Ériu iii 164.11
;
xi 195.35
.
ZCP vi 31.15
.
¤deacht true
Godhead
Hy ii 42
.
¤déirc
true charity:
tobar ¤deirce,
ZCP
viii 199.21
.
¤féchain
scrutinizing: aca firechain cona
dligthech, etc. looking to see that it is lawfully ...
Laws iv
20.27 Comm.
, cf.
aca ¤dechsain,
22.29
,
ZCP viii 205.33
.
¤grád
true love:
idir an bhfíor-ghrádh ... ┐ an grádh tacair,
TSh. 8953
.
¤ítu
intense thirst:
follscadh firiotan,
Leb. Gab.(i) i 28.2
.
¤less
real profit
SR 322
.
¤róen a downright
defeat
SR 5092
.
¤thnúth `
deep envy
'
Ériu iv 92 § 5
. Oft.
apparently otiose and freq. used for sake of alliteration:
togha fírbhech ár bfoghluim `of most genuine bees'
O'Gr. Cat. 475.22
.
ar a fad nó ar a ¤leithett,
AFM vi 2082.1
.
agá
fforach ┐ acca ffírlenmhain,
2318.1
.
cossmhailes foichedh
-bheach,
2224.3
. an faircle ¤leac fionnaolta na feineistre
[sic leg.],
Hugh Roe 288.27 (f. 76a)
.
ag déanamh fíorluit
is foghla,
Keat. ii 3262
.
(c) forming real compds. in which
the meaning of subst. is modified: f.¤chruithnecht
selected (?)
wheat
LU 8121
.
¤íasc
salmon: cora ḟiresc `a salmon-weir
'
RC xxvi 136.23
.
bratan fireisc,
Lism. L. viii 18
.
lethar fírésc `salmon skin'
MacCongl. 89.9
=
cris d'iucraibh
fīréisc,
122.35
(see also u. -uisce).
¤lemnacht
fresh milk
LU 8120
(
FB 9
).
Acall. 829
.
¤thipra a spring
LL 30a1
.
¤uisce
fresh water (opp. to brine), spring water
ZCP v 24.2
.
CCath. 1742
.
BColm. 52.11
.
Fl. Earls 90.20
.
Études Celt. i 86.16
.
Proverbs xviii 4
. eisg firuisgi fresh-water fish
Rosa Angl. 40z
.
B With adj. as advbl. pref. in sense
truly,
genuinely, downright
or merely intens.
¤amnas
very keen
SR 1830
.
¤cruind
perfectly round
36
.
¤derb
quite certain
Wb. 12c12
.
¤doim `
really poor
'
Mon. Tall. 46
.
¤éolach
`
truly learned
'
Ériu iv 144.8
. Oft. merely for alliteration
(cf. A, b above);
faideran ¤gorm,
Acall. 367
.
fomor
¤grán[d]a,
1884
.
féige finn ¤ṡolus,
LL 385c23
. In such adjs.
as fírbrethach
just in judgment
(
Ériu i 122.9
.
ZCP xi 96 § 55
.
Cáin Ad. 21
),
¤epertach
truth-speaking
(
PH 6499
.
RC xxv
396.16
),
fír
belongs to the noun fr. which the adj. is formed.
¤ferr
truly the best: an agh dob fhírfhearr dar n-ealbhaidh,
PBocht 4.9
. C With vb. (chiefly in poetry), intens. or
merely otiose (met. gr.):
rofirchrap,
Thurn. Zu Ir. Hss.
i 69
=
IT iii 99 § 164
.
ga file nach fiorchuala?,
Top. Poems
24.12
(
Top. Poems² 224
). cía lia fer le fír-gairthir `is rightly called'
Metr. Dinds. iii 60
. fíreba[i]r (: fīnemain) will be quaffed
(ibid.)
ACL iii 238.23
. fírníamhfuid will purify
Ezekiel
xliii 26
.
fírfoscaigfider,
Rawl. 111b15
(gl. on: forbuascaigfider). mōr fiad resa fīrtheichet from which they flee
in earnest
Ériu vii 4.15
. ro fíorthiorchanadh lá fáidhibh
was foretold truly
AFM vi 2298.8
.