n o, m. (cf. W. rhod) d s. i routh , Wb. 11a3 (a primâ manu). n p. roith, rotha. roth m. (g s. n p. -a), IGT Dec. § 95 (p. 127.24) . In early Mod.Ir. n s. rotha occurs (Bedell, Eccles. xii 6 ), pl. rothadha ( Ezekiel i 20 ; FM).

(a) something circular, or wheel-shaped : roth a rotá .i. ōn c[h]ūairt, Corm. Y 1087 (a false etymology; the word is native, see Pedersen Vgl. Gr. i 33 ). roth , gl. rota, Ir. Gl. 227 . roth cruind forsa-ndenat na cerda in[na] lestrai, gl. rotae, Ml. 18b4 . dona rothib (gl. rotis), Gild. Lor. 119 . Esp. (a) a wheel (of a vehicle): droch .i. roth carpait, O'Mulc. 350 . roth nó fonnud nó fertas . . . in charpait, TBC-LL¹ 772 . du. nechtar in dá roth (.i. fonnod) iarndae in carpait, LU 5180 ( TBC-I¹ 701 ), where it is used of the outer rim or tyre of a wheel. hi carput dā rath, Hy. v 84 (metri gratiâ). Pl. nom thescfat roith iarnaide in charpait, TBC-LL¹ 1340 . dollotar rotha iarnaidi in carpait hi talmain, 2640 . ruamghail na roth , CCath. 1834 . ni bhí in cathair . . . gin míli roth for fenaibh ┐ damhuibh ┐ asanaibh ac togluasacht ṡida, Marco P. 70 . ro fucctha . . . rothadha faoí dia fhógluasacht, AFM vi 1980.10 . Meton. the vehicle itself: nír imthige fri roth `do not race against a wheel (i.e. chariot )', Tec. Corm. § 19.9 . ag dol i roth isin aier, AFM a. 553 = in curru suó, RC xvii 142 (Tig.). leth ruith ┐ leth gobra half [of them] in chariots and half on horseback (?), BDD 51 (of advancing warriors). Of other wheels: lúathidir roth [m]búali, BDD 127 , cf. FB 87 (a mill-wheel turned by water, see ZCP i 94 , 98 ). Of a wheel for torture: roth mor . . . ┐ bera áithe ┐ clóidbe . . . in a medon, PH 1204 .

(b) a disc or sphere : rotha grene ┐ escai, Marco P. 68 . doimchellat na renda roth cruinn in domuin, Ériu ii 106 § 19 . ardruiri ind roith rigda ail | garg-ruide fri croich coem-nair, SR 1077 ; i.e. of the circular universe? but 1078 suggests the circular panel at the juncture of the cross-arms, on which in Irish high-crosses the Crucifixion was often depicted; cf. .xx. pars inna cuairt-roth `circle-wheel' (of the centre of the cross), Thes. ii 255.4 ( Stowe M. 65b ). gu Rīg na roth , ZCP vii 304 § 17 . a gac[h] rotha do rothaib [rothaidhibh v.l.] na firmaminti spheres , ITS xiv 68.7 . in roth árd . . . reithes grian (of the Zodiac), MR 112.20 . See also rothchles(s) below.

(c) a circular brooch, wheel-brooch : atcondarc roth n-óir isin brut ara bélaib, BDD 99 . roth creda sin brutt, TBC-LL¹ 5401 = delcc, St. cu ndechutar do chunchid roith croi for Aed mac Ainmirech .i. delg nos-facbad cech rig diaroile, LB 238cb23 , cf. RC xx 421 . a chneas-léine . . . gona teóra roth . . . do dhearg-ór, ML 110.29 . roth credha .i. dealg, O'Cl.

(d) in follg. exx. appar. of circular torques or fillets encircling neck or head: rotha derga tentide for sírlasad imma mbrágtib, FA 28 . atchíu [a] ardroth n-imnaisse | imma chend, BDD 100 (e) . Cf. cóicroth óir . . . úas cach ae, 91 . Of (? concentric) circles traced as ornament on a shield: dondscīath . . . co cōic roth ōir co mbil findruine fair, TBC-I¹ 2045 . cromscīath . . . co trī radhaib ro-dēnma, 2339 . Cf. the story of Cuchulainn's shield, Ériu v 72 and xi 54 , Macalister Archaeology of Irel. 146 .

(e) a loop, noose : atnaig a cend i ruth gait in the noose of a gad , Metr. Dinds. iii 252.127 (see note). Hence prob. O'Cl.: ruth ghaid .i. rathán gadraigh. ruth `a chain, link ', O'R.

(f) in TBC-LL¹ 5590 fg . (Stowe) used of movable war-machines mounted on wheels: tri rúada rot[h]a, 5591 . ar cach roth nét dona teoraibh rothaibh, 5604 .

(g) roth rámach `rowing (?) wheel', name of a fabulous flying-machine , see rámach. The term roth may denote the circular body, or car, of the machine.

(h) fig. uses: roth creth `circle of science', RC xx 44 (ACC Introd.) = roth cráed (.i. filidecht), LU 354 . roth soithe (name of a metre?), IT iii 36 § 18 , also called r.¤ soadh (= suadh?), ib. i roth na réime aimseardha revolution , TSh. 537 . rochtain . . . go roth uachtrach urchóide the topmost revolution (i.e. zenith) of iniquity , Hackett xliii 42 . eo Rosa, | roth ruirech | recht flatha, 'a king's circle' LL iv 27650 , Bondarenko 278, 281 .

Compds. ¤chles(s) n name of a feat or game of skill : LU 9291 . FB 30 . Ériu iv 30.11 . oc cur in rothclessa, FB 64 (where it is described; the ` roth ' was appar. a disc or quoit hurled into the air). ¤gal: tucsatar . . . craithed neim-meirtnech do rothgail ro-tren `twirling' (of wrestlers), MR 256.5 . ¤impód: ag roithled ┐ ag roth-impod aroile twirling , MR 256.18 . ruathar . . . ag roith-lingeadh orra wheeling round them (?), TSh. 6635 . roith-néll a whirling cloud (i.e. dizziness ), MR 270.2 . ? ¤richt wheel-shape, circular form : Tech Duind . . . rothricht ré lan ler fethaigthi, IT iii 22 § 66 = rodrict, 49 § 88 (LL), ródrícht, ib. (BB), rath righ, 98 § 161 ; Meyer Bruchst. i § 133 emends: rāith rīg.